Biopolymers最新文献

{"title":"Ascidians as a Sustainable Source of Cellulose: Physicochemical Characterization, Degradability, and Relevance for Bioplastic Applications.","authors":"Lizbeth Zamora-Mendoza, Yuliana J Valdiviezo-Cuenca, Gabriela Agurto-Rodríguez, Paúl O Guillén, Floralba López, Lady V Guanoliquin, Cesar Zambrano, Camilo Zamora-Ledezma, Jenny Rodríguez, Gabriel Gómez-Guerra, Frank Alexis","doi":"10.1002/bip.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellulose derived from ascidians (tunicates) is distinguished from plant-based counterparts by its marine origin, with high crystallinity, and complex hierarchical architecture. However, quantitative structure-property relationships governing its performance in bioplastic applications remain underexplored. Here, cellulose isolated from three ascidian species Ascidia sp. (T1), Herdmania cf. pallida (T2), and Ascidia sydneiensis (T3) was systematically characterized. X-ray diffraction reveals crystallinity indices (CrI) of 48% (T1) and 60% (T2, T3), the latter approaching values reported for highly ordered systems such as bacterial cellulose. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates species-dependent thermal stability, with maximum degradation temperatures of 345°C (T1) versus 400°C-401°C (T2, T3). Notably, T2 and T3 exhibit thermal behavior comparable to microcrystalline and bacterial cellulose, despite CrI values lower than those systems, indicating that hydrogen-bonding density and microfibrillar order govern thermal resilience. Scanning electron microscopy reveals distinct microfibrillar architectures, ranging from highly branched networks to compact laminar structures, which govern water interaction and mechanical response. Water absorption varies markedly by species: T1 and T3 absorb 2200-2400 wt% within 10 min, consistent with their branched, open fibrillar morphologies, whereas T2 absorbs only 1200 wt%, reflecting a compact lamellar microstructure that restricts water diffusion. Hydrolytic degradation after 28 days in neutral water remains minimal across all samples, confirming exceptional resistance to hydrolytic scission under mild conditions. Bioplastics fabricated from these celluloses exhibit tensile strengths of 1-4 MPa, directly correlating with microstructural packing. Collectively, these results establish that ascidian cellulose is the combination of thermal stability up to 400°C, tunable water affinity (1200-2400% absorption), and hydrolytic resistance (1-9% loss over 28 days) arises from species-specific interactions between crystallinity, hydrogen bonding, and microfibrillar architecture. This positions ascidian-derived cellulose as a distinct marine macromolecular scaffold for sustainable bioplastics where controlled water interaction and structural durability are required. In general, it is established the relationship between the biological origin, hierarchical structure, and macroscopic properties of tunicate cellulose, highlighting its potential as a marine-derived macromolecular building block suitable for sustainable bioplastics applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":"e70099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Boron Nitride Nanosheets on the Properties of Gelatin-Chitosan Bioinks for Extrusion-Based 3D Bioprinting.","authors":"Aykut Erdogan, Yigitcan Sumbelli, Yapincak Goncu, Nuran Ay","doi":"10.1002/bip.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, there has been increasing interest in developing functional bioink systems that better replicate biological and biochemical microenvironments while maintaining high print fidelity and cell viability. This study reports the development and characterization of gelatin-chitosan-based bioinks reinforced with hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting. Structural, chemical, and morphological analyses demonstrated the successful incorporation of BNNSs without the formation of new chemical bonds, while minor shifts in amide bands indicated enhanced hydrogen bonding and physical interactions. Rheological studies revealed that gelatin concentration was the primary factor governing viscosity, whereas BNNSs provided a composition-dependent reinforcing effect. Notably, at a low shear rate (0.001 s^-1), viscosity increased from 2865 Pa·s for low concentration gelatin bioinks to 9322 Pa·s for BNNS-containing high concentration formulations, representing more than a threefold increase. In contrast all formulations exhibited low viscosities below 3 Pa·s at 100 s^-1, confirming favorable extrusion behavior. Viscoelastic analysis further showed lower tan δ values for high gelatin content formulations, indicating elastic-dominant behavior and improved shape retention at printing temperatures. BNNS incorporation slightly reduced the glass transition temperature by approximately 10°C while preserving blend compatibility, contributing to enhanced thermal responsiveness and more uniform temperature distribution during printing. Printability analysis demonstrated that BNNSs improved shape fidelity in high-viscosity formulations, yielding printability index (Pr) values close to unity (Pr ≈ 0.94) and stable filament formation. Swelling and degradation studies showed that BNNS-containing 7.5% gelatin scaffolds exhibited reduced swelling and retained approximately 70% structural integrity after 14 days, whereas low-polymer formulations underwent rapid degradation. Cell viability assessments confirmed improved fibroblast adhesion and proliferation on BNNS-containing scaffolds. The incorporation of BNNSs improves the rheological and thermal characteristics of the gelatin-chitosan bioinks and positively influences cell response. These findings suggest that BNNS-containing formulations provide a more stable and thermally responsive printing platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147855630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mild Acidic Solvent Inducing Tobacco Stem Cellulose Nanocrystals for Fabrication of Film Materials With Enhanced Flexibility and Toughness.","authors":"Ze Liu, Huilin Chen, Jie Yang, Xuemei Li, Shiyun Tang, Ruijin Deng, Xiaoxi Si, Chunbo Liu, Li Zhu, Tao Zhang, Zhe Ling","doi":"10.1002/bip.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With rapid development of material science, application of lignocellulose and agricultural wastes to produce green and functional packaging materials has received much interest. Herein, tobacco stem cellulose nanocrystals (TC) were firstly prepared via facile and mild formic acid/choline chloride (FA/ChCl) deep eutectic solvent (DES) treatment. Systematic comparison of the TC nanomaterials with conventional cotton cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were performed from nanoscale to the applicable functions of the prepared films. Tobacco stem showed notable delignification after the FA/ChCl treatment with well-maintaining of xylan matrix, which induced more sphere (with average width of ~32 nm) and shorter nanocrystals after homogenization. The treatment also caused a series of crystalline structural variations, including reduced crystallinity and crystallite size, favorable for promoting molecular flexibility of TC. Vacuum-assisted drying induced the fabrication of the film materials. Even though TC films had less visible iridescence than CNCs films, they exhibited satisfying mechanical strength promotion, with breakage of ~30 MPa, and the elongation of ~14%, mainly due to the reduced rigidity, crystallinity and remaining xylan matrix. Therefore, the present study provided a novel approach to controllable fabricating high-quality cellulose nanocrystals for film materials fabrication, as well as a facile strategy for high-value added utilization of tobacco stem biomass.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":"e70102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147833054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cellulose Renaissance: Reimagining Bacterial Bioproducts for Health and Earth.","authors":"Ajay Patel, Manisha Parmar, Payal Patel, Ritu Patel, Sujoy Bandyopadhyay, Hyosung Choi, Haren Gosai","doi":"10.1002/bip.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural nanofiber with numerous desirable properties, including porosity, flexibility, high water capacity, biocompatibility, and high crystallinity. BC is appealing to researchers in materials science and engineering due to its potential applications in healthcare, biosensing, food, and bioremediation. However, high production costs and inconsistencies in strain production have hindered large-scale production and commercial applications. BC production optimization is required to boost industrial-scale productivity while reducing production time and expenses. This review covers BC biosynthesis and assembly, nutrient requirements, and structure and properties. Strategies for improved BC production, either through conventional or statistical optimization, have been discussed. Genetic approaches to modify BC-producing strains to increase BC yield have been explored. Various applications of BC in medical and environmental sectors have been compiled here for better understanding. The authors have investigated BC's significance in day-to-day life and how they can be useful to society.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":"e70100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Freeze–Thaw-Induced Physically Cross-Linked Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Alginate Hydrogels Incorporating Silver-Doped Zinc Oxide and Clove Oil","authors":"Büşra Mutlu","doi":"10.1002/bip.70098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reports the fabrication and comprehensive characterization of multicomponent silver-doped zinc oxide (Ag/ZnO)–poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate(PVA/Alg) biocomposite hydrogels enriched with clove oil (CO), prepared via a scalable and solvent-free freeze–thaw (F–T) process. The F–T treatment generated physically cross-linked hydrogel networks with preserved structural integrity and favorable mechanical performance. Morphological analysis revealed a homogeneous and interconnected porous architecture at low CO contents, while contact-angle measurements confirmed hydrophilic surfaces with composition-dependent wettability. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy verified the successful incorporation of Ag/ZnO and CO into the PVA/Alg matrix without disrupting the overall polymer network. Barrier performance was strongly governed by CO content. Increasing CO loading reduced water vapor transmission through the formation of hydrophobic domains, while oxygen permeability reached a maximum at 1 wt.% CO, highlighting tunable mass transport behavior. The hydrogels exhibited rapid swelling, sustained hydration stability for up to 72 h, and a composition-dependent CO release behavior. Collectively, these findings elucidate clear structure–processing–property relationships in Ag/ZnO-incorporated PVA/Alg hydrogels containing CO and demonstrate their promise as multifunctional materials for further investigation in wound dressing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13051256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant Fibrinogen-Gamma-Chain as a Crosslinker of Thiol-ene Hydrogels","authors":"Domenic Schlauch,&nbsp;Charlotte Selin Güler,&nbsp;Marina Harzi,&nbsp;Selin Kara,&nbsp;Antonina Lavrentieva,&nbsp;Iliyana Pepelanova","doi":"10.1002/bip.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrogels based on thiol-ene step-growth chemistry have gained increased attention due to their superior properties over the currently standard materials based on chain growth polymerization. In the thiol-ene reaction, a crosslinker with at least two thiol groups is necessary for network formation. Many currently used crosslinkers exhibit cytotoxic potential, are non-biodegradable, or involve toxic chemicals and relatively complicated procedures in their synthesis, thus hindering their broader application. As an alternative, the use of a protein (fibrinogen gamma chain, FGG) recombinantly expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> was investigated. The FGG is part of the multimeric fibrinogen involved in hemostasis. This protein complex is stabilized by disulfide crosslinking. This presence of cysteines in the sequence makes FGG a promising candidate as a thiol donor in thiol-ene reactions. It was shown for the first time, that a cysteine-containing protein expressed in <i>E. coli</i> was capable of forming hydrogels with norbornene functionalized gelatin. An increase in FGG concentration led to higher gel stiffness and a decrease in the swelling ratio. Furthermore, the material exhibited cell adhesive properties and biocompatibility. Overall, a proof-of-principle could be achieved, opening up the use of recombinant proteins without further modifications as crosslinkers in thiol-ene based hydrogels, providing a cost-effective, safe, and scalable material source.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147615681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reactive Extrusion Cationization of Starches as a Novel Physicochemical Surface Modification Method","authors":"Maria C. Posada-Vélez,&nbsp;Beatriz M. Millán-Malo,&nbsp;Oscar Y. Barrón-García,&nbsp;Marcela Gaytán-Martínez,&nbsp;Germán Buitrón","doi":"10.1002/bip.70093","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The modification of starches by cationization is a fundamental physicochemical process aimed at improving their physicochemical properties and expanding their industrial applications. Traditionally, this modification is associated with long duration, high energy consumption, and waste generation. This article proposes a method based on reactive extrusion (REX) as a sustainable alternative for modifying corn (<i>Zea mays</i> everta) and chayote roots (<i>Sechium edule</i>) or chinchayote starches. A single-screw extruder was utilized to assess the effects of temperature on the degree of substitution (DS) and the functional and structural properties of the modified starches. Glycyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTAC) was used as a cationizing agent in both methods, REX and conventional cationization (CT), at a concentration of 3%. The results indicate that extrusion can produce starches with a DS equivalent to that obtained by CT in the case of corn starch (0.21–0.23). Rheometry shows a decrease in the viscosity peaks due to the pre-gelatinization process. Calorimetry showed a decrease in enthalpy and an increase in tractability temperature for the REX-modified starches due to the temperature and shear to which they were subjected. The spectroscopic technique showed the incorporation of GTAC into the starch structure. The results of physicochemical characterization show that the REX is identified as a viable alternative to CT, offering a faster, more energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly process. The effectiveness of REX in altering the physicochemical properties of starch suggests its potential for innovative industrial applications, such as water treatment or the production of biodegradable materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Double-Protein Semi-IPN Hydrogels: Synergistic Protein–Polysaccharide Biomatrices for Healing, Immunomodulation, and Mineralization","authors":"Valeria G. Oyervides-Guajardo,&nbsp;Jesús A. Claudio-Rizo,&nbsp;María I. León-Campos,&nbsp;Denis A. Cabrera-Munguia,&nbsp;María O. González-Díaz,&nbsp;Florentino Soriano-Corral,&nbsp;Adán Herrera-Guerrero,&nbsp;Crystel A. Sierra-Rivera","doi":"10.1002/bip.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study introduces a biomimetic dual-protein semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) platform integrating collagen (C) and the phosphorylated globular protein ovalbumin within a bioactive polyurethane (PU) cross-linked matrix. Unlike previously reported collagen–PU–polysaccharide systems, the structural incorporation of a second protein phase enables cooperative regulation of mineral nucleation, interfacial charge distribution, and biological response. Three polysaccharides—starch (CA–A), carboxymethyl cellulose (CA–CMC), and xanthan gum (CA–GX)—were incorporated to modulate network architecture and functionality. Ovalbumin reduced gelation time (<i>t</i>₁/₂≈30 min), while polysaccharide chemistry governed crosslink density, swelling behavior, crystallinity, and degradation kinetics. CA–GX achieved the highest crosslinking degree (~63%), whereas CA–A exhibited pronounced swelling (~1125%). CA–CMC developed dendritic fibrillar domains with enhanced semicrystallinity, resembling extracellular matrix organization. The semi-IPN structure, confirmed by urea linkage formation, improved viscoelastic strength (<i>G</i>′≈420 Pa) and thermal stability (<i>T</i>_max≈380°C). All scaffolds were cytocompatible and supported fibroblast, monocyte, and bone-marrow-derived cell metabolism. The dual-protein architecture contributed to hemocompatibility, regulated platelet adhesion, selective antibacterial activity (stronger against Gram-negative bacteria), modulation of inflammatory markers (reduced TNF-α expression), and significant in vitro mineralization, with CA–CMC promoting nearly a 200% increase in carbonated hydroxyapatite deposition in simulated body fluid. By integrating structural collagen fibrils with a mineralization-active globular protein within a tunable polysaccharide–PU framework, this work establishes a multifunctional hybrid scaffold platform capable of coordinated soft- and hard-tissue regenerative responses beyond single-protein semi-IPN systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147519762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Characterization of Solution-Cast Polycaprolactone/MXene/Gelatin Composite Films for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Jagan Mohan Dodda,&nbsp;Petr Bělský,&nbsp;Miroslav Šlouf,&nbsp;Antonín Brož,&nbsp;Terézia Futóová,&nbsp;Veronika Vavruňková,&nbsp;Tomáš Kovářík,&nbsp;Kalim Deshmukh,&nbsp;Lucie Bačáková","doi":"10.1002/bip.70095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite significant advances in the development of biocompatible platforms, such as scaffolds, films, and hydrogels, a challenge remains in formulating films with the right balance of mechanical properties and bioactivity. Herein, we developed biocompatible composite films based on polycaprolactone (PCL), MXene, and gelatin that can be utilized for biomedical applications. PCL and gelatin (from bovine, fish, and porcine skin) were used to design the biocompatible matrix, while MXenes were used as a filler to enhance the mechanical and biological properties of the films. We investigated the influence of these three types of gelatin on the chemical structure, morphology, physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and cell growth. All the films exhibited high tensile strength, ranging from 5 to 10 MPa. The incorporation of a relatively small content of MXene (0.5 wt%) altered the tensile properties of the films with the lower gelatin contents (12–15 wt%). SAXS analysis revealed that the nanometer-scale lamellar stack structures characteristic of PCL, consisting of alternating crystalline and amorphous lamellae, were present in all samples and exhibited a morphology identical to that of neat PCL. In contrast, WAXS showed that the relative intensities of individual PCL reflections varied with sample composition, indicating a preferential orientation of PCL crystallites—and consequently of the lamellar stacks—particularly, in MXene-containing samples. The SEM/SE micrographs displayed a coarse morphology of gelatin nanoparticles in the PCL matrix, and the structure coarseness decreased in the following order: PCL/MX/fish gelatin &gt; PCL/MX/bovine gelatin &gt; PCL/MX/porcine gelatin. In vitro<i>,</i> cell culture experiments with SAOS-2 cells revealed that cell confluence was relatively high on samples with the 14.5 wt% porcine gelatin.</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13005049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, Rheological, and Physicochemical Properties of Yam Starch Modified by Moderate Electric Fields","authors":"Enay Salcedo Salazar,&nbsp;Jairo Salcedo Mendoza,&nbsp;Guadalupe Mendez Montealvo,&nbsp;Gonzalo Velazquez,&nbsp;Adrián Soler,&nbsp;Deivis E. Luján Rhenals","doi":"10.1002/bip.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bip.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Moderate electric fields (MEF) have emerged as a non-thermal technology with the potential to modify the structure of biopolymers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of MEF (5–15 V/cm) on the structural and techno-functional properties of yam starch. The working hypothesis was that MEF application induces molecular reorganization without inducing starch gelatinization. Scanning electron microscopy revealed slight morphological changes in the shape and surface of yam starch granules treated with MEF, while X-ray diffraction evidenced an increase in relative crystallinity from 25.24% to 26.91% after MEF treatment. Amylose content also increased from 49.8% to 51.8% after treatment at 15 V/cm. MEF also induced changes in short-range molecular order, which were more pronounced at 15 V/cm, as evidenced by increases in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy band ratios of 1047/1022 cm⁻¹ (0.724–0.734) and 995/1022 cm⁻¹ (1.272–1.277) compared to native starch. The gelatinization enthalpy remained nearly unchanged after MEF treatment (16.9–19.0 J/g). In addition, MEF modulated viscosity in a field-intensity-dependent manner. The viscosity at 90°C increased from 314.0 mPa·s (native starch) to 366.5 mPa·s at 5 V/cm and decreased to 218.5 mPa·s at 15 V/cm. Principal component analysis indicated that MEF treatment induced structural and functional changes in starch as a function of the applied voltage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"117 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}