Biopolymers最新文献

{"title":"A Controlled-Release Biofertilizer Using Composite of Poly (Urea–Formaldehyde), Date Seeds and Sulfate of Potash-Magnesia (2MgSO4·K2SO4) as All-Biodegradable With Antimicrobial Potentials","authors":"Hoda M. El-Gharabawy,&nbsp;Hamada H. Abdel-Razik,&nbsp;Mostafa M. Gaafar","doi":"10.1002/bip.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the combination of poly (urea-formaldehyde) (UF), Sulfate of Potash-Magnesia (Sul-Po-Mag) fertilizer (2MgSO₄·K₂SO₄), and Date Kernel Seed (DS), a novel slow-release fertilizer in the form of granules called UF/DS/Sul-Po-Mag composite was introduced. The IR, DSC, TG, and X-ray spectra were used to characterize the synthesized composite. Characterizations revealed that the new fertilizer had good compatibility and strong hydrogen-bond interactions with improved mechanical and slow-release properties. An aqueous medium and soil incubation studies (up to 70 days) were used to examine the slow-release behavior. Over time, the accessible SO4⁻², K⁺, and Mg⁺² contents showed significantly lower SO4⁻², K⁺, and Mg⁺² losses than conventional fertilizer, even for low-polymerized materials. The fertilizer composite proved significant antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens using the broth dilution technique. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) for tested bacteria and yeasts was 20 mg, while the maximum inhibition concentration (MAC) ranges from 40 to 60 mg. On the other hand, MIC for tested filamentous fungi was 100 mg, while MAC was 200–500 mg. These antimicrobial properties against harmful microbes and nutritional contents would enhance the growth of beneficial microorganisms and maintain good equilibrium in the microbial community.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Mechanism of Action of a Short, Synthetic Designer AMP Against Gram-Negative Bacteria","authors":"Sucharita Shadangi,&nbsp;Aditi Singh,&nbsp;Soumendra Rana","doi":"10.1002/bip.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), produced in various organisms, including plants, as a first line of defense, are potent, functionally versatile, fast-acting small peptides with a net charge and diverse structures. Most AMPs demonstrate potent antibacterial activity, and AMPs with multimodal actions can potentially delay the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), one of the top 10 global public health challenges categorized by the WHO. Notably, the FDA has already approved several AMPs (Mol. Wt. ≤ 2 kDa) as antibiotics; however, there are not enough new-age antibiotics in the current pipeline to combat the looming problem of AMR in the clinic. Nevertheless, despite their potential, natural AMPs have their fair share of shortcomings for straightforward therapeutic applications. Therefore, extensive research on developing designer synthetic AMPs with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity is currently being undertaken to mitigate the AMR challenge. In this context, we recently demonstrated a short synthetic designer AMP (SR17: ≤ 16 aa, mol. Wt. ≤ 2 kDa) that exhibits broad-spectrum bacteriostatic and bactericidal action against both gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>) and gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) bacteria. Interestingly, in gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) play a key role in transporting nutrients like iron from their surroundings through siderophores, which play a crucial role in various biochemical processes essential for their survival and growth. In the current study, the ability of SR17 to target the iron-transporting OMPs acting as the siderophore uptake system is investigated through computational techniques. A series of docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies involving iron transporters of various gram-negative bacteria indicate that SR17 can occupy the binding pocket in the OMPs necessary for binding of the iron-chelated siderophores, which is likely to prevent the further uptake of siderophores, affecting the growth and survival of the bacteria. Additionally, SR17 may potentially reach the bacterial cytoplasm by utilizing the siderophore uptake system and disrupt essential cytoplasmic processes, leading to the death of the bacteria, as observed in experimental studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the Synergistic Action of Irradiated Chitosan and Biocontrol Agents for the Management of Powdery Mildew in Grapevines","authors":"Komal R. Shinde,&nbsp;Tanaji K. Narute,&nbsp;Rakesh B. Sonawane,&nbsp;Vikas K. Bhalerao,&nbsp;Sunil G. Dalvi","doi":"10.1002/bip.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic action of electron beam irradiated chitosan and <i>Ampelomyces quisqualis</i> for the management of powdery mildew, the most significant disease incited by the obligate fungus <i>Erysiphe necator</i> Schw. (Formerly known as <i>Uncinula necator</i> (Schw.) Burr.) that causes substantial losses in grapes. In vivo field trials conducted during 2020-21 and 2021-22, the evaluation of irradiated chitosan and bioagent and fungicide for the efficient in managing the grape powdery mildew disease. The fungicide sulfur 80% WDG was determined to be the most efficient. However, it was followed by a friendly combination of irradiated chitosan (150 ppm) with <i>A. quisqualis</i> (0.5%). Eco-friendly molecules, that is irradiated chitosan 150 ppm with <i>A. quisqualis</i> (0.5%), were found to be the best alternative for chemical molecules to achieve the disease control 63.60% and were identified alternative to chemical treatments to manage the powdery mildew disease of grapes. Irradiated chitosan and biocontrol agents showed synergistic action for the management of powdery mildew in grapevines.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionic Liquid and Binary Solvent Assisted Preparation of Silk Fibroin and Polyethylene Glycol Film: Structural and Mechanical Properties","authors":"Jia Tee Low,&nbsp;Noor Izyan Syazana Mohd Yusoff,&nbsp;Mat Uzir Wahit,&nbsp;Norhayani Othman","doi":"10.1002/bip.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silk fibroin (SF), a biodegradable and biocompatible material with excellent mechanical properties, is widely utilized in food packaging and medical applications. However, regenerated SF is inherently brittle, necessitating the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG), a nontoxic and biocompatible plasticizer, to enhance its flexibility. In this study, SF-PEG films were fabricated using two solvent systems: a single solvent (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, BMIM Cl) and a binary solvent system (BMIM Cl and dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO). SL-PEG films were prepared using the single solvent, while SM-PEG films were produced with the binary solvent system. The structural, mechanical, and morphological properties of the films were compared. Results showed that the SM-PEG films exhibited excellent mechanical performance, with a tensile strength of 6.9 ± 0.7 MPa, a Young's modulus of 367.0 ± 42.9 MPa, and an elongation at break of 42.6% ± 4.0%, significantly outperforming the SL-PEG films. The enhanced performance of SM-PEG films was attributed to the improved dispersion of PEG within the SF matrix, facilitated by the binary solvent system. In conclusion, the binary solvent system effectively improved the flexibility and ductility of SF-PEG films, making them better suited for applications requiring robust and adaptable biomaterials, such as in food packaging and medical applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Impact of Diverse Salt Solvent Systems on the Structure and Functionality of Eggshell Membrane Proteins","authors":"Xinhua Liang,&nbsp;Honglian Cong,&nbsp;Haijun He","doi":"10.1002/bip.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effects of different solvent systems on the microstructure, roughness, and secondary structure of soluble eggshell membrane proteins (SEPs). The solvent system of CaCl₂/C₂H₅OH/H₂O produced tiny holes on the surface of SEP, and LiBr resulted in the formation of long holes. The saline solution increased the diameter of the protein fiber, the particle size of the solution, and the surface roughness of regenerated SEP films, mainly due to the enhanced intermolecular aggregation and precipitation. Zeta potential measurements indicated salts decreased the negative values and reduced the stability of the SEP solution. The different solutions showed similar circular dichroism waveforms. The peak intensity decreased at the positive and negative peaks, indicating that the triple helix structure of collagen was denatured to different degrees. Besides, the addition of salts decreased the content of α-helices and the β-turns and increased the content of β-sheets and random coils, indicating an increase in the disordered structure of the protein. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the structural and functional relationships of eggshell membrane proteins, providing a vital basis for developing novel, eco-friendly, and multifunctional protein materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation Studies and Material Properties of Quercetin Incorporated Soy Protein Isolate Films","authors":"Priya Rani,&nbsp;Priyaragini Singh,&nbsp;Mangali Madhu Krishna,&nbsp;Huafeng Tian,&nbsp;Pratyay Basak,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/bip.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study aims to evaluate the effects of different contents of quercetin (1%–3%) on structural and morphological characteristics of soy protein isolate (SPI) based films fabricated by the solution casting method. Prior to the preparation of the modified SPI film, quercetin incorporated SPI suspension was characterised for molecular weight distribution, particle size, and zeta potential. Addition of quercetin affected the charge distribution on the surface of protein and made it a more stable entity, as evident from more negative ζ- potential values. The as-prepared film was structurally and thermally characterised by x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results revealed the changes in the secondary conformation of the protein structure with a simultaneous decrease in the crystallinity of the conjugated films and an increase in the thermal stability of quercetin incorporated SPI films. Quercetin incorporated SPI film was also subjected to morphological, antioxidant, and biodegradation studies. The antioxidant activity of the modified films in terms of scavenging free radicals like 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) increased significantly due to the native antioxidative ability of quercetin. The initial phase of biodegradation was rapid, followed by a slower rate of degradation phase. FTIR studies were used to structurally characterise biodegraded samples, and the results revealed the formation of carboxyl dimer during fragmentation and disruption of peptide bonds.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Stabilization of Collagen Through Bioconversion: An Insight in Protein–Protein Interaction”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bip.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>N. Usharani, G. C. Jayakumar, S. V. Kanth, and J. R. Rao, “Stabilization of Collagen Through Bioconversion: An Insight in Protein–Protein Interaction,” <i>Biopolymers</i> 101, no. 8 (2014): 903–911, https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.22473.</p><p>In the published article cited above, there was an error in the molecular weight marker (misrepresentation of 25 KD and 31 KD) in Figure [2] of the published manuscript. The ladder information about the molecular weight annotations is re-ordered. The incorrect representations of the molecular weight information might lead to the discrepancies in the figure representations; however, the objective of the electrophoretic studies provide validated information to the readers. The error was generated during figure preparation and does not affect the discussion or conclusions.</p><p>As a corrigendum, we would like to replace Figure 2 with the revised version for better clarity and to ensure accurate molecular weight representation with corresponding experimental results. The revised figure has been attached for your perusal. We apologize for any confusion this may have caused and appreciate our readers' understanding. The authors regret any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p>Thanks, and regards</p>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bip.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymeric Nanosystems: A Breakthrough Approach to Treating Inflammation and Inflammation Related Diseases","authors":"Maja D. Markovic,&nbsp;Vesna V. Panic,&nbsp;Rada V. Pjanovic","doi":"10.1002/bip.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inflammation processes can cause mild to severe damage in the human body and can lead to a large number of inflammation-related diseases (IRD) such as cancer, neural, vascular, and pulmonary diseases. Limitations of anti-inflammatory drugs (AID) application are reflected in high therapeutic doses, toxicity, low bioavailability and solubility, side effects, etc. Polymeric nanosystems (PS) have been recognized as a safe and effective technology that is able to overcome these limitations by AID encapsulation and is able to answer to the specific demands of the IRD treatment. PS are attracting great attention due to their versatility, biocompatibility, low toxicity, fine-tuned properties, functionality, and ability for precise delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs to the targeted sites in the human body. This article offers an overview of three classes of polymeric nanosystems: a) dendrimers, b) polymeric micelles and polymeric nanoparticles, and c) polymeric filomicelles, as well as their properties, preparation, and application in IRD treatment. In the future, the number of PS formulations in clinical practice will certainly increase.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valorization of Cassia tora Seeds: Extraction and Biofunctional Characterization of Cassia tora Seed Gum","authors":"Sandhya Konnadath Rajan,&nbsp;Shalini Subash Arya","doi":"10.1002/bip.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Cassia tora</i>, an annual shrub, is a promising but underexplored source of galactomannan, comparable to widely used sources, such as fenugreek, guar, and locust bean. Galactomannans are heteropolysaccharides composed of galactose and mannose, valued for their role as dietary fibers and texture modifiers in food applications. This study aimed to optimize <i>Cassia tora</i> gum's extraction process, characterize its physiochemical properties, and quantify its galactomannan content to assess its potential as a gelling agent. The extraction process was optimized by varying key parameters, including the water-to-seed powder ratio, boiling time, and mucilage-to-ethanol ratio, achieving a 96% recovery of gum, higher than the reported yield with high purity. Physiochemical analysis revealed that the extracted gum contained 84.12% carbohydrate with a galactose-to-mannose ratio of 1:5. Galactomannan content was determined to be 55% in raw <i>Cassia</i> seeds. Rheological studies demonstrated a minimum gelation concentration of 75%, highlighting the gum's potential as an efficient gelling agent. These findings underscore the feasibility of utilizing <i>Cassia tora</i> as a sustainable and cost-effective source of galactomannan for food and industrial applications, offering a valuable alternative to conventional sources.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoplastic Polyurethane-Oleic Acid (TPU-OLE) Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration","authors":"Zeynep Karahaliloğlu,&nbsp;Baki Hazer","doi":"10.1002/bip.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bip.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a regenerative surgical procedure in dentistry and orthopedics. The aim of this study is to fabricate a novel nano-textured, hydrophilic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based barrier membrane containing unsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid (OLE) to assist GBR. First, TPU copolymer containing OLE in different ratios was synthesized, and GBR membranes were fabricated by the solvent casting method, and then, the surface properties were improved by alkali treatment. Thus, a TPU-OLE structure was obtained with improved surface wettability, the ability to prevent bacterial adhesion, and the capability to promote cell adhesion. The contact angle reduced from 73.3° ± 1° to 30.7° ± 0.3° at TPU-OLE3, while at TPU it decreased from 121.2° ± 2.5° to 63.6° ± 0.8° after treatment with 3 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Furthermore, plate counting assays showed that TPU-OLE membranes displayed excellent bacterial inhibition (against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>); the control group showed 6 × 10⁷ CFU/mL of <i>E. coli</i> bacterial colonies, while on the plates interacting with TPU-OLE1, TPU-OLE2, and TPU-OLE3 membranes, colonies of 12 × 10⁵, 12 × 10⁵, and 24 × 10⁵ CFU/mL were observed, respectively. The bacterial count on TPU-OLE1, TPU-OLE2, and TPU-OLE3 membranes decreased by 109, 164, and 12 × 10⁵ CFU/mL at 24 h, while the control group and TPU membranes showed 1300 × 10⁵ and 600 × 10⁵ CFU/mL, respectively. The obtained results indicated that either alkali treatment or OLE-modified TPU produced a more hydrophilic and promotive surface for cell attachment. Therefore, we anticipate that alkali-treated TPU-OLE membranes have a great potential in GBR in future applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8866,"journal":{"name":"Biopolymers","volume":"116 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}