Biochemical Society transactions最新文献_第3页

Structural glycobiology - from enzymes to organelles.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1042/BST20241119

Courtney J Mycroft-West, Miron A Leanca, Liang Wu

{"title":"Structural glycobiology - from enzymes to organelles.","authors":"Courtney J Mycroft-West, Miron A Leanca, Liang Wu","doi":"10.1042/BST20241119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20241119","url":null,"abstract":"Biological carbohydrate polymers represent some of the most complex molecules in life, enabling their participation in a huge range of physiological functions. The complexity of biological carbohydrates arises from an extensive enzymatic repertoire involved in their construction, deconstruction and modification. Over the past decades, structural studies of carbohydrate processing enzymes have driven major insights into their mechanisms, supporting associated applications across medicine and biotechnology. Despite these successes, our understanding of how multienzyme networks function to create complex polysaccharides is still limited. Emerging techniques such as super-resolution microscopy and cryo-electron tomography are now enabling the investigation of native biological systems at near molecular resolutions. Here, we review insights from classical in vitro studies of carbohydrate processing, alongside recent in situ studies of glycosylation-related processes. While considerable technical challenges remain, the integration of molecular mechanisms with true biological context promises to transform our understanding of carbohydrate regulation, shining light upon the processes driving functional complexity in these essential biomolecules.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the mono-nucleosome.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230721

Juliana Kikumoto Dias, Sheena D'Arcy

{"title":"Beyond the mono-nucleosome.","authors":"Juliana Kikumoto Dias, Sheena D'Arcy","doi":"10.1042/BST20230721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20230721","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleosomes, the building block of chromatin, are responsible for regulating access to the DNA sequence. This control is critical for essential cellular processes, including transcription and DNA replication and repair. Studying chromatin can be challenging both in vitro and in vivo, leading many to use a mono-nucleosome system to answer fundamental questions relating to chromatin regulators and binding partners. However, the mono-nucleosome fails to capture essential features of the chromatin structure, such as higher-order chromatin folding, local nucleosome-nucleosome interactions, and linker DNA trajectory and flexibility. We briefly review significant discoveries enabled by the mono-nucleosome and emphasize the need to go beyond this model system in vitro. Di-, tri-, and tetra-nucleosome arrays can answer important questions about chromatin folding, function, and dynamics. These multi-nucleosome arrays have highlighted the effects of varying linker DNA lengths, binding partners, and histone post-translational modifications in a more chromatin-like environment. We identify various chromatin regulatory mechanisms yet to be explored with multi-nucleosome arrays. Combined with in-solution biophysical techniques, studies of minimal multi-nucleosome chromatin models are feasible.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The NMDAR-BK channelosomes as regulators of synaptic plasticity.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240425

Rebeca Martínez-Lazaro, Andrea Reyes-Carrión, David Bartolomé-Martín, Teresa Giraldez

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of lipid homeostasis in the Coxiella Containing Vacuole.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240899

Rajendra K Angara, Peyton E Van Winkle, Stacey D Gilk

引用次数: 0

Greasing the wheels of inflammasome formation: regulation of NLRP3 function by S-linked fatty acids. 炎性小体形成的润滑：s链脂肪酸对NLRP3功能的调节。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1042/BST20241738

Daniel M Williams, Andrew A Peden

引用次数: 0

Constructing mechanosensitive signalling pathways de novo in synthetic cells. 在合成细胞中从头构建机械敏感信号通路。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231285

James W Hindley

{"title":"Constructing mechanosensitive signalling pathways de novo in synthetic cells.","authors":"James W Hindley","doi":"10.1042/BST20231285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20231285","url":null,"abstract":"Biological mechanotransduction enables cells to sense and respond to mechanical forces in their local environment through changes in cell structure and gene expression, resulting in downstream changes in cell function. However, the complexity of living systems obfuscates the mechanisms of mechanotransduction, and hence the study of these processes in vitro has been critical in characterising the function of existing mechanosensitive membrane proteins. Synthetic cells are biomolecular compartments that aim to mimic the organisation, functionality and behaviours of biological systems, and represent the next step in the development of in vitro cell models. In recent years, mechanosensitive channels have been incorporated into synthetic cells to create de novo mechanosensitive signalling pathways. Here, I will discuss these developments, from the molecular parts used to construct existing pathways, the functionality of such systems, and potential future directions in engineering synthetic mechanotransduction. The recapitulation of mechanotransduction in synthetic biology will facilitate an improved understanding of biological signalling through the study of molecular interactions across length scales, whilst simultaneously generating new biotechnologies that can be applied as diagnostics, microreactors and therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How parental factors shape the plant embryo. 亲本因子如何塑造植物胚胎。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240369

Alexa-Maria Wangler, Martin Bayer

{"title":"How parental factors shape the plant embryo.","authors":"Alexa-Maria Wangler, Martin Bayer","doi":"10.1042/BST20240369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20240369","url":null,"abstract":"Primary axis formation is the first step of embryonic patterning in flowering plants and recent findings highlight the importance of parent-of-origin effects in this process. Apical-basal patterning has a strong influence on suspensor development, an extra-embryonic organ involved in nutrient transport to the embryo at an early stage of seed development. The endosperm, a second fertilization product, nourishes the embryo at later stages of seed development. Parent-of-origin effects are phenotypic effects that depend on whether a causal gene is inherited from the mother or the father. They are discussed in the context of the parental conflict theory in relation to nutrient allocation to the offspring. Imprinting is an important mechanism leading to uniparental gene expression in the endosperm and maternal control of its development. The parental conflict theory would predict that, with limited resources available, there is a competition between paternal alleles to increase nutrient supply, allowing rapid development and seed filling. A parental conflict might therefore shape the evolution of genes that can influence the allocation of nutrients to the seeds. However, we will also discuss other possible causes that might select genes for uniparental contribution. New data show that parent-of-origin effects also occur during the early stages of embryo development. These appear to be caused primarily by the carry-over of gamete-derived factors. In this review, we will highlight the molecular pathways that control apical-basal patterning in the early embryo and discuss recent findings in the context of the parental conflict theory and alternative explanations.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A framework for understanding and investigating polyphosphate-protein interactions. 了解和研究多磷酸盐-蛋白质相互作用的框架。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240678

Liam McCarthy, Kanchi Baijal, Michael Downey

引用次数: 0

Selective direct motor cortical influence during naturalistic climbing in mice. 自然攀爬过程中运动皮层的选择性直接影响

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.18.545509

Natalie Koh, Zhengyu Ma, Abhishek Sarup, Amy C Kristl, Mark Agrios, Margaret Young, Andrew Miri

{"title":"Selective direct motor cortical influence during naturalistic climbing in mice.","authors":"Natalie Koh, Zhengyu Ma, Abhishek Sarup, Amy C Kristl, Mark Agrios, Margaret Young, Andrew Miri","doi":"10.1101/2023.06.18.545509","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.06.18.545509","url":null,"abstract":"It remains poorly resolved when and how motor cortical output directly influences limb muscle activity through descending projections, which impedes mechanistic understanding of cortical movement control. Here we addressed this in mice performing an ethologically inspired all-limb climbing behavior. We quantified the direct influence of forelimb primary motor cortex (caudal forelimb area, CFA) on muscle activity across the muscle activity states that occur during climbing. We found that CFA instructs muscle activity pattern, mainly by selectively activating certain muscles while exerting much smaller, bidirectional effects on their antagonists. From Neuropixel recordings, we identified linear combinations (components) of motor cortical activity that covary with these effects, finding that these components differ partially from those that covary with muscle activity and differ almost completely from those that covary with kinematics. Collectively, our results reveal an instructive direct motor cortical influence on limb muscles that is selective within a motor behavior and reliant on a distinct neural activity subspace.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80178576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryo-electron tomography: en route to the molecular anatomy of organisms and tissues. 低温电子断层扫描：用于生物和组织的分子解剖。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240173

Oda Helene Schiøtz, Sven Klumpe, Juergen M Plitzko, Christoph J O Kaiser

引用次数: 0