Biochemical Society transactions最新文献

Insights into non-proteinaceous ubiquitination.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253029

Emily L Dearlove, Danny T Huang

引用次数: 0

Spo11: from topoisomerase VI to meiotic recombination initiator.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253019

Jon A Harper, George G B Brown, Matthew J Neale

{"title":"Spo11: from topoisomerase VI to meiotic recombination initiator.","authors":"Jon A Harper, George G B Brown, Matthew J Neale","doi":"10.1042/BST20253019","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20253019","url":null,"abstract":"Meiotic recombination is required to break up gene linkage and facilitate faithful chromosome segregation during gamete formation. By inducing DNA double-strand breaks, Spo11, a protein that is conserved in all meiotic organisms, initiates the process of recombination. Here, we chart the evolutionary history of Spo11 and compare the protein to its ancestors. Evolving from the A subunit of archaeal topoisomerase VI (Topo VI), a heterotetrameric type II topoisomerase, Spo11 appears to have evolved alongside meiosis and been present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. There are many differences between Spo11 and TopVIA, particularly in regulation, despite similarities in structure and mechanism of action. Critical to its function as an inducer of recombination, Spo11 has an apparently amputated activity that, unlike topoisomerases, does not re-seal the DNA breaks it creates. We discuss how and why Spo11 has taken its path down the tree of life, considering its regulation and its roles compared with those of its progenitor Topo VI, in both meiotic and non-meiotic species. We find some commonality between different forms and orthologs of Spo11 in different species and touch upon how recent biochemical advances are beginning to finally unlock the molecular secrets hidden within this fundamental yet enigmatic protein.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"53 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective direct motor cortical influence during naturalistic climbing in mice. 自然攀爬过程中运动皮层的选择性直接影响

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.18.545509

Natalie Koh, Zhengyu Ma, Abhishek Sarup, Amy Claire Kristl, Mark Agrios, Margaret Young, Andrew Miri

{"title":"Selective direct motor cortical influence during naturalistic climbing in mice.","authors":"Natalie Koh, Zhengyu Ma, Abhishek Sarup, Amy Claire Kristl, Mark Agrios, Margaret Young, Andrew Miri","doi":"10.1101/2023.06.18.545509","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.06.18.545509","url":null,"abstract":"It remains poorly resolved when and how motor cortical output directly influences limb muscle activity through descending projections, which impedes mechanistic understanding of motor control. Here we addressed this in mice performing an ethologically inspired climbing behavior. We quantified the direct influence of forelimb primary motor cortex (caudal forelimb area, CFA) on muscles across the muscle activity states expressed during climbing. We found that CFA instructs muscle activity pattern by selectively activating certain muscles, while less frequently activating or suppressing their antagonists. From Neuropixels recordings, we identified linear combinations (components) of motor cortical activity that covary with these effects. These components differ partially from those that covary with muscle activity and differ almost completely from those that covary with kinematics. Collectively, our results reveal an instructive direct motor cortical influence on limb muscles that is selective within a motor behavior and reliant on a distinct neural activity subspace.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80178576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tetraspanins affect membrane structures and the trafficking of molecular partners: what impact on extracellular vesicles?

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240523

Eric Rubinstein, Clotilde Théry, Pascale Zimmermann

{"title":"Tetraspanins affect membrane structures and the trafficking of molecular partners: what impact on extracellular vesicles?","authors":"Eric Rubinstein, Clotilde Théry, Pascale Zimmermann","doi":"10.1042/BST20240523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20240523","url":null,"abstract":"Tetraspanins are a family of 33 proteins in mammals believed to play a crucial role in the compartmentalization of various associated proteins within cells and membranes. Recent studies have elucidated the structure of several tetraspanin members, revealing that while the four transmembrane domains typically adopt a cone-shaped configuration in crystals, other conformations are also possible. This cone-shaped structure may explain why tetraspanins are often enriched in curved and tubular cellular structures, such as microvilli, tunneling nanotubes, retraction fibers, or at the site of virus budding, and may contribute to the formation or maintenance of these structures. Tetraspanins have also been detected on midbody remnants and migrasomes, as well as on extracellular vesicles (EVs), for which CD9, CD81, and CD63 are widely used as markers. Although their impact on certain membrane structures and their ability to regulate the function and trafficking of associated proteins would suggest a potential role of tetraspanins either in EV formation or in regulating their protein composition, or both, efforts to characterize these roles have been complicated by conflicting results. In line with the interaction of certain tetraspanins with cholesterol, two recent studies have suggested that the presence or organization of oxysterols and cholesterol in EVs may be regulated by Tspan6 and CD63, respectively, paving the way for further research on the influence of tetraspanins on the lipid composition of EVs.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"0 0","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chlamydia trachomatis invasion: a duet of effectors.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240800

Tyler J Zimmerman, Rey A Carabeo

{"title":"Chlamydia trachomatis invasion: a duet of effectors.","authors":"Tyler J Zimmerman, Rey A Carabeo","doi":"10.1042/BST20240800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20240800","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the genus Chlamydia require an intracellular niche for growth and replication, thus highlighting the extreme significance of its ability to invade epithelial cells-the favored host cell in vivo. Because epithelial cells are not phagocytic, the uptake of Chlamydia must be driven by the pathogen. To this end, two bacterial proteins, translocated actin-recruiting protein (TarP) and translocated membrane effector A (TmeA), identified in Chlamydia trachomatis are translocated from the infectious chlamydial elementary bodies to the host cell cytosol to facilitate extensive remodeling of the cortical actin network to produce protrusive structures designed for pathogen engulfment. Notably, both effectors act by promoting highly localized actin nucleation at sites of bacterial adhesion. However, they have non-redundant functions, with both required for optimal actin remodeling dynamics and efficient invasion. Finally, these effectors also mediate the latter stages of the invasion process, specifically by modulating host dynamin 2, a large GTPase critical to closure and scission of invaginating vesicles harboring elementary bodies. In summary, TarP and TmeA orchestrate major aspects of C. trachomatis invasion.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"0 0","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How similar are the molecular mechanisms of yeast and metazoan genome replication initiation?

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1042/BST20220917

Giacomo Palm, Alessandro Costa

引用次数: 0

How does the tubulin code facilitate directed cell migration?

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240841

Miguel Marques Simoes-da-Silva, Marin Barisic

引用次数: 0

The cellular basis of meristem development in fern gametophytes.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240728

Chong Xie, Cankui Zhang, Xing Liu, Yun Zhou

{"title":"The cellular basis of meristem development in fern gametophytes.","authors":"Chong Xie, Cankui Zhang, Xing Liu, Yun Zhou","doi":"10.1042/BST20240728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20240728","url":null,"abstract":"The life cycle of land plants is characterized by alternating generations of sexual gametophytes and asexual sporophytes. Unlike seed plants, seed-free vascular plants, including ferns, initiate and maintain pluripotent meristems during their gametophyte phase to sustain body expansion and drive the formation of sexual organs for reproduction. This review summarizes meristem development among various fern species during the gametophyte phase, focusing on the cellular basis of meristem initiation, proliferation, and termination. We review the different types of gametophytic meristems in ferns, including apical cell (AC)-based meristems, multicellular apical meristems, and multicellular marginal meristems. We highlight both conserved and lineage-specific patterns of cell division, which are closely associated with these meristem identities and play crucial roles in shaping gametophytic morphology. Additionally, we highlight recent progress in understanding the dynamics of cell division and growth that drive meristem development, through studies that integrate confocal live imaging and computational quantitative analysis. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of environmental and genetic factors on cell division activity in fern gametophytes, including conserved transcriptional regulators that sustain meristem indeterminacy and proliferation in the model fern Ceratopteris richardii.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143405232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PIEZO channels as multimodal mechanotransducers. 作为多模式机械换能器的 PIEZO 通道。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240419

Jérôme J Lacroix, Tharaka D Wijerathne

引用次数: 0

Lysine acetylation in cyanobacteria: emerging mechanisms and functions.

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1042/BST20241037

Xin Liu, Mingkun Yang, Feng Ge, Jindong Zhao

{"title":"Lysine acetylation in cyanobacteria: emerging mechanisms and functions.","authors":"Xin Liu, Mingkun Yang, Feng Ge, Jindong Zhao","doi":"10.1042/BST20241037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20241037","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacteria are ancient and abundant photosynthetic prokaryotes that play crucial roles in global carbon and nitrogen cycles. They exist in a variety of environments and have been used extensively as model organisms for studies of photosynthesis and environmental adaptation. Lysine acetylation (Kac), a widespread and evolutionarily conserved protein posttranslational modification, is reversibly catalyzed by lysine acetyltransferases (KAT) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs). Over the past decade, a growing number of acetylated proteins have been identified in cyanobacteria, and Kac is increasingly recognized as having essential roles in many cellular processes, such as photosynthesis, energy metabolism, and stress responses. Recently, cGNAT2 and CddA were identified as KAT and KDAC in the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002, respectively. The identified Kac regulatory enzymes provide novel insight into the mechanisms that globally regulate photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and potentially other photosynthetic organisms. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of the functions and mechanisms of lysine acetylation in Cyanobacteria. The challenges and future perspectives in this field are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0