Biochemical Society transactions最新文献

Insights into the synchronization between DNA replication and parental histone recycling. DNA复制和亲本组蛋白循环同步的见解。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253014

Xiaorong Tang, Yuan Yao, Gang Li, Haiyun Gan

引用次数: 0

Insights into the role of collided ribosomes during the activation of the integrated stress response. 在综合应激反应的激活过程中碰撞核糖体的作用。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253034

Ankanahalli N Nanjaraj Urs, Lucas Kim, Hani S Zaher

{"title":"Insights into the role of collided ribosomes during the activation of the integrated stress response.","authors":"Ankanahalli N Nanjaraj Urs, Lucas Kim, Hani S Zaher","doi":"10.1042/BST20253034","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20253034","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanisms that regulate and reprogram gene expression are particularly important under stress conditions. The integrated stress response (ISR) signaling pathway is one such pro-survival and adaptive mechanism conserved in eukaryotes. The ISR is characterized by the activation of protein kinases that phosphorylate the eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) in response to several stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation, viral infection, and protein misfolding. Phosphorylation of eIF2α results in global inhibition of translation, while promoting the translation of a few pro-survival genes. Here, we focus on the mechanism of activation of the eIF2α kinase general control nonderepressible 2 (Gcn2). The protein was initially discovered in yeast more than four decades ago, and it was proposed to respond to amino acid starvation through the accumulation of deacylated tRNAs. However, more recent studies have changed our understanding of its activation and suggest a direct role for ribosome stalling and collisions in the process. In this review, we discuss the classical model for the tRNA-mediated activation of GCN2 and the recent shift in this model to accommodate the observations that wide-ranging translational stresses trigger its activation.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"615-626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of heme transport in the mitochondria. 线粒体中血红素运输的机制。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253013

Saieeda Fabia Ali, Adrianna E White, Amy Medlock, Oleh Khalimonchuk

引用次数: 0

Emerging tools and methods to study cell signalling mediated by branched ubiquitin chains. 研究分支泛素链介导的细胞信号传导的新兴工具和方法。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253015

Matthew R McFarland, Yogesh Kulathu

引用次数: 0

Single-molecule localisation microscopy approaches reveal envelope glycoprotein clusters in single-enveloped viruses: a potential functional role? 单分子定位显微镜方法揭示单包膜病毒的包膜糖蛋白簇：潜在的功能作用？

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240769

David J Williamson, Cecilia Zaza, Irene Carlon-Andres, Tobias Starling, Alessia Gentili, Joseph W Thrush, Audrey Le Bas, Ravi Teja Ravi, Stuart Neil, Ray J Owens, Maud Dumoux, Sabrina Simoncelli, Sergi Padilla-Parra

{"title":"Single-molecule localisation microscopy approaches reveal envelope glycoprotein clusters in single-enveloped viruses: a potential functional role?","authors":"David J Williamson, Cecilia Zaza, Irene Carlon-Andres, Tobias Starling, Alessia Gentili, Joseph W Thrush, Audrey Le Bas, Ravi Teja Ravi, Stuart Neil, Ray J Owens, Maud Dumoux, Sabrina Simoncelli, Sergi Padilla-Parra","doi":"10.1042/BST20240769","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240769","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how viruses enter and fuse with host cells is crucial for developing effective antiviral therapies. The process of viral entry and fusion involves a series of complex steps that allow the virus to breach the host cell membrane and deliver its genetic material inside, with viral fusogens often co-operating to attain the required energy for successful membrane fusion. This co-operative clustering of fusogens in viral envelopes is similar to receptor clustering in cellular systems, where receptors aggregate to initiate signalling cascades. Single-molecule localisation microscopy (SMLM) approaches have emerged as powerful tools to study these intricate mechanisms, allowing the observation of proteins with unprecedented levels of detail. These technologies provide unparalleled insights into the dynamics of viral entry and fusion at a molecular level, revealing how the co-ordinated action of fusogens facilitates membrane fusion. By employing the newest advances in SMLM techniques, such as DNA-PAINT and MINFLUX, we anticipate that precise information on the key steps of viral fusion can be revealed with high spatial and temporal resolutions, identifying critical points in the process that can be targeted by antiviral strategies.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"643-652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is the SPLUNC1-Orai1 axis a critical determinant of lung health? SPLUNC1-Orai1轴是肺健康的关键决定因素吗？

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20241029

Robert Tarran

引用次数: 0

Exploring the interaction dynamics of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. 真核生物翻译起始因子2相互作用动力学研究。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253022

Assen Marintchev

{"title":"Exploring the interaction dynamics of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2.","authors":"Assen Marintchev","doi":"10.1042/BST20253022","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20253022","url":null,"abstract":"Eukaryotic translation initiation typically involves recruitment of the 43S ribosomal pre-initiation complex (PIC) to the 5'-end of the mRNA to form the 48S PIC, followed by scanning in search of a start codon in a favorable nucleotide complex. The start codon is recognized through base-pairing with the anticodon of the initiator Met-tRNAi. The stringency of start codon selection controls the probability of initiation from a start codon in a suboptimal nucleotide context. Met-tRNAi itself is recruited to the 43S PIC by the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2), in the form of the eIF2-GTP•Met-tRNAi ternary complex (TC). GTP hydrolysis by eIF2, promoted by its GTPase-activating protein eIF5, leads to the release of eIF2-GDP from the PIC. Recycling of eIF2-GDP to TC is promoted by the guanine nucleotide exchange factor eIF2B. Its inhibition by a number of stress factors triggers the integrated stress response (ISR). This review describes the recent advances in elucidating the interactions of eIF2 and its partners, with an emphasis on the timing and dynamics of their binding to, and release from the PIC. Special attention is given to the regulation of the stringency of start codon selection and the ISR. The discussion is mostly limited to translation initiation in mammals and budding yeast.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"593-602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding carboxysomes to enhance carbon fixation in crops. 了解羧酶体促进作物固碳的作用。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253072

Nghiem Dinh Nguyen, Loraine M Rourke, Alexandra Cleaver, Joseph Brock, Benedict M Long, Dean G Price

引用次数: 0

How do different cell populations orchestrate myelin regeneration? 不同的细胞群如何协调髓磷脂再生？

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231085

Sara Grassi, Alessandro Prinetti

{"title":"How do different cell populations orchestrate myelin regeneration?","authors":"Sara Grassi, Alessandro Prinetti","doi":"10.1042/BST20231085","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231085","url":null,"abstract":"Approximately 35 in 100,000 people are affected by diseases associated with loss of myelin, generally described as demyelinating diseases. Demyelinating diseases encompass many different pathological conditions characterized by heterogeneous and sometimes disease-specific etiopathological mechanisms. While several approaches aimed at ameliorating the symptoms and the progression of some of these diseases exist, the most effective cure for all demyelinating diseases would be regeneration of lost myelin. Myelin regeneration occurs spontaneously in the central nervous system in response to myelin damage but is inefficient for a variety of reasons, especially in human patients. In this review, we will discuss the contributions of different cell populations to the creation of conditions permissive for effective remyelination and to the formation of new myelin after injury. Moreover, we would like to highlight the importance of sphingolipids in the network of interactions between these cell populations. Mutations in genes encoding sphingolipid metabolic enzymes (such as GALC) represent a major risk factor for multiple sclerosis, and alterations in sphingolipid metabolism in specific cell types contribute to myelin damage. On the other hand, sphingolipid signaling, in particular through sphingosine 1 phosphate, directly affects the process of myelin regeneration, with distinct effects on different cellular populations.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"653-669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Connecting tubules: mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion. 连接小管：内质网膜融合机制。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1042/BST20253043

Eunhong Jang, Youngsoo Jun

引用次数: 0