Biochemical Society transactions最新文献_第10页

Mechanoimmunology in the solid tumor microenvironment. 实体肿瘤微环境中的机制免疫学。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231427

Matteo Golo, Peter L H Newman, Daryan Kempe, Maté Biro

{"title":"Mechanoimmunology in the solid tumor microenvironment.","authors":"Matteo Golo, Peter L H Newman, Daryan Kempe, Maté Biro","doi":"10.1042/BST20231427","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231427","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that adjoins the cancer cells within solid tumors and comprises distinct components such as extracellular matrix, stromal and immune cells, blood vessels, and an abundance of signaling molecules. In recent years, the mechanical properties of the TME have emerged as critical determinants of tumor progression and therapeutic response. Aberrant mechanical cues, including altered tissue architecture and stiffness, contribute to tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to treatment. Moreover, burgeoning immunotherapies hold great promise for harnessing the immune system to target and eliminate solid malignancies; however, their success is hindered by the hostile mechanical landscape of the TME, which can impede immune cell infiltration, function, and persistence. Consequently, understanding TME mechanoimmunology - the interplay between mechanical forces and immune cell behavior - is essential for developing effective solid cancer therapies. Here, we review the role of TME mechanics in tumor immunology, focusing on recent therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating the mechanical properties of the TME to potentiate T cell immunotherapies, and innovative assays tailored to evaluate their clinical efficacy.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"1489-1502"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nano-organization of synaptic calcium signaling. 突触钙信号的纳米组织

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231385

Clara I McCarthy, Ege T Kavalali

{"title":"Nano-organization of synaptic calcium signaling.","authors":"Clara I McCarthy, Ege T Kavalali","doi":"10.1042/BST20231385","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231385","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies suggest an exquisite structural nano-organization within single synapses, where sites of evoked fusion - marked by clustering of synaptic vesicles, active zone proteins and voltage-gated calcium channels - are directly juxtaposed to postsynaptic receptor clusters within nanocolumns. This direct nanometer scale alignment between presynaptic fusion apparatus and postsynaptic receptors is thought to ensure the fidelity of synaptic signaling and possibly allow multiple distinct signals to occur without interference from each other within a single active zone. The functional specificity of this organization is made possible by the inherent nano-organization of calcium signals, where all the different calcium sources such as voltage-gated calcium channels, intracellular stores and store-operated calcium entry have dedicated local targets within their nanodomain to ensure precision of action. Here, we discuss synaptic nano-organization from the perspective of calcium signals, where some of the principal findings from early work in the 1980s continue to inspire current studies that exploit new genetic tools and super-resolution imaging technologies.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"1459-1471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role non-coding RNAs during myocardial cell fate. 探索非编码 RNA 在心肌细胞命运中的作用

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231216

Diego Franco, Cristina Sánchez-Fernández, Carlos García-Padilla, Estefania Lozano-Velasco

引用次数: 0

Let's get fat: emergence of S-acylation as a therapeutic target in Huntington disease. 让我们胖起来：S-酰化成为亨廷顿病的治疗靶点。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231290

Dale D O Martin, Shaun S Sanders

引用次数: 0

PROPPINs and membrane fission in the endo-lysosomal system. 内溶酶体系统中的 PROPPINs 和膜裂变。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230897

Navin Gopaldass, Andreas Mayer

引用次数: 0

Mature beyond their years: young children who escape detection of parasitemia despite living in settings of intense malaria transmission. 超乎年龄的成熟：尽管生活在疟疾高度传播的环境中，但仍有幼儿未能被检测出寄生虫血症。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230401

Prasida Holla, Jyoti Bhardwaj, Tuan M Tran

{"title":"Mature beyond their years: young children who escape detection of parasitemia despite living in settings of intense malaria transmission.","authors":"Prasida Holla, Jyoti Bhardwaj, Tuan M Tran","doi":"10.1042/BST20230401","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20230401","url":null,"abstract":"Despite having the highest risk of progressing to severe disease due to lack of acquired immunity, the youngest children living in areas of highly intense malaria transmission have long been observed to be infected at lower rates than older children. Whether this observation is due to reduced exposure to infectious mosquito bites from behavioral and biological factors, maternally transferred immunity, genetic factors, or enhanced innate immunity in the young child has intrigued malaria researchers for over half a century. Recent evidence suggests that maternally transferred immunity may be limited to early infancy and that the young child's own immune system may contribute to control of malarial symptoms early in life and prior to the development of more effective adaptive immunity. Prospective studies of active and passive detection of Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage infections have identified young children (<5 years old) who remain uninfected through a defined surveillance period despite living in settings of highly intense malaria transmission. Yet, little is known about the potential immunological basis for this 'aparasitemic' phenotype. In this review, we summarize the observational evidence for this phenotype in field studies and examine potential reasons why these children escape detection of parasitemia, covering factors that are either extrinsic or intrinsic to their developing immune system. We discuss the challenges of distinguishing malaria protection from lack of malaria exposure in field studies. We also identify gaps in our knowledge regarding cellular immunity in the youngest age group and propose directions that researchers may take to address these gaps.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"1025-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technology to the rescue: how to uncover the role of transposable elements in preimplantation development. 技术拯救：如何揭示转座元件在植入前发育中的作用。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231262

Lauryn A Deaville, Rebecca V Berrens

引用次数: 0

Nucleosomal asymmetry: a novel mechanism to regulate nucleosome function. 核小体不对称：调节核小体功能的新机制

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230877

Devisree Valsakumar, Philipp Voigt

{"title":"Nucleosomal asymmetry: a novel mechanism to regulate nucleosome function.","authors":"Devisree Valsakumar, Philipp Voigt","doi":"10.1042/BST20230877","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20230877","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleosomes constitute the fundamental building blocks of chromatin. They are comprised of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer formed of two copies each of the four core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Nucleosomal histones undergo a plethora of posttranslational modifications that regulate gene expression and other chromatin-templated processes by altering chromatin structure or by recruiting effector proteins. Given their symmetric arrangement, the sister histones within a nucleosome have commonly been considered to be equivalent and to carry the same modifications. However, it is now clear that nucleosomes can exhibit asymmetry, combining differentially modified sister histones or different variants of the same histone within a single nucleosome. Enabled by the development of novel tools that allow generating asymmetrically modified nucleosomes, recent biochemical and cell-based studies have begun to shed light on the origins and functional consequences of nucleosomal asymmetry. These studies indicate that nucleosomal asymmetry represents a novel regulatory mechanism in the establishment and functional readout of chromatin states. Asymmetry expands the combinatorial space available for setting up complex sets of histone marks at individual nucleosomes, regulating multivalent interactions with histone modifiers and readers. The resulting functional consequences of asymmetry regulate transcription, poising of developmental gene expression by bivalent chromatin, and the mechanisms by which oncohistones deregulate chromatin states in cancer. Here, we review recent progress and current challenges in uncovering the mechanisms and biological functions of nucleosomal asymmetry.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141080347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making the leap from technique to treatment - genetic engineering is paving the way for more efficient phage therapy. 从技术到治疗的飞跃--基因工程正在为更有效的噬菌体疗法铺平道路。

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231289

Jessica M Lewis, Joshua Williams, Antonia P Sagona

{"title":"Making the leap from technique to treatment - genetic engineering is paving the way for more efficient phage therapy.","authors":"Jessica M Lewis, Joshua Williams, Antonia P Sagona","doi":"10.1042/BST20231289","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231289","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses specific to bacteria that target them with great efficiency and specificity. Phages were first studied for their antibacterial potential in the early twentieth century; however, their use was largely eclipsed by the popularity of antibiotics. Given the surge of antimicrobial-resistant strains worldwide, there has been a renaissance in harnessing phages as therapeutics once more. One of the key advantages of phages is their amenability to modification, allowing the generation of numerous derivatives optimised for specific functions depending on the modification. These enhanced derivatives could display higher infectivity, expanded host range or greater affinity to human tissues, where some bacterial species exert their pathogenesis. Despite this, there has been a noticeable discrepancy between the generation of derivatives in vitro and their clinical application in vivo. In most instances, phage therapy is only used on a compassionate-use basis, where all other treatment options have been exhausted. A lack of clinical trials and numerous regulatory hurdles hamper the progress of phage therapy and in turn, the engineered variants, in becoming widely used in the clinic. In this review, we outline the various types of modifications enacted upon phages and how these modifications contribute to their enhanced bactericidal function compared with wild-type phages. We also discuss the nascent progress of genetically modified phages in clinical trials along with the current issues these are confronted with, to validate it as a therapy in the clinic.","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"1373-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11346441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrotransposons in embryogenesis and neurodevelopment. 胚胎发生和神经发育中的逆转录载体

IF 3.8 3区生物学

Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230757

Mary Jo Talley, Michelle S Longworth

引用次数: 0