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Insights into the regulation of mRNA translation by scaffolding proteins. 支架蛋白对mRNA翻译的调控。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20241021
Madeleine R Smith, Guilherme Costa
{"title":"Insights into the regulation of mRNA translation by scaffolding proteins.","authors":"Madeleine R Smith, Guilherme Costa","doi":"10.1042/BST20241021","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20241021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Regionalisation of molecular mechanisms allows cells to fine-tune their responses to dynamic environments. In this context, scaffolds are well-known mediators of localised protein activity. These phenomenal proteins act as docking sites where pathway components are brought together to ensure efficient and reliable flow of information within the cell. Although scaffolds are mostly understood as hubs for signalling communication, some have also been studied as regulators of mRNA translation. Here, we provide a brief overview of the work unravelling how scaffolding proteins facilitate the cross-talk between the two processes. Firstly, we examine the activity of AKAP1 and AKAP12, two signalling proteins that not only have the capacity to anchor mRNAs to membranes but can also regulate protein synthesis. Next, we review the studies that uncovered how the ribosome-associated protein RACK1 orchestrates translation initiation. We also discuss the evidence pointing to the scaffolds Ezrin and LASP1 as regulators of early translation stages. In the end, we conclude with some open questions and propose future directions that will bring new insights into the regulation of mRNA translation by scaffolding proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2569-2578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Untangling bacterial DNA topoisomerases functions. 解开细菌 DNA 拓扑异构酶的功能。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240089
Céline Borde, Lisa Bruno, Olivier Espéli
{"title":"Untangling bacterial DNA topoisomerases functions.","authors":"Céline Borde, Lisa Bruno, Olivier Espéli","doi":"10.1042/BST20240089","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Topoisomerases are the main enzymes capable of resolving the topological constraints imposed by DNA transactions such as transcription or replication. All bacteria possess topoisomerases of different types. Although bacteria with circular replicons should encounter similar DNA topology issues, the distribution of topoisomerases varies from one bacterium to another, suggesting polymorphic functioning. Recently, several proteins restricting, enhancing or modifying the activity of topoisomerases were discovered, opening the way to a new area of understanding DNA topology management during the bacterial cell cycle. In this review, we discuss the distribution of topoisomerases across the bacterial phylum and current knowledge on the interplay among the different topoisomerases to maintain topological homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2321-2331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unusual modes of cell and nuclear divisions characterise Drosophila development. 果蝇的发育具有不寻常的细胞和核分裂模式。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231341
Qiaolin Yang, Fernando Wijaya, Ridam Kapoor, Harshaa Chandrasekaran, Siddhant Jagtiani, Izaac Moran, Gary R Hime
{"title":"Unusual modes of cell and nuclear divisions characterise Drosophila development.","authors":"Qiaolin Yang, Fernando Wijaya, Ridam Kapoor, Harshaa Chandrasekaran, Siddhant Jagtiani, Izaac Moran, Gary R Hime","doi":"10.1042/BST20231341","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth and development of metazoan organisms is dependent upon a co-ordinated programme of cellular proliferation and differentiation, from the initial formation of the zygote through to maintenance of mature organs in adult organisms. Early studies of proliferation of ex vivo cultures and unicellular eukaryotes described a cyclic nature of cell division characterised by periods of DNA synthesis (S-phase) and segregation of newly synthesized chromosomes (M-phase) interspersed by seeming inactivity, the gap phases, G1 and G2. We now know that G1 and G2 play critical roles in regulating the cell cycle, including monitoring of favourable environmental conditions to facilitate cell division, and ensuring genomic integrity prior to DNA replication and nuclear division. M-phase is usually followed by the physical separation of nascent daughters, termed cytokinesis. These phases where G1 leads to S phase, followed by G2 prior to M phase and the subsequent cytokinesis to produce two daughters, both identical in genomic composition and cellular morphology are what might be termed an archetypal cell division. Studies of development of many different organs in different species have demonstrated that this stereotypical cell cycle is often subverted to produce specific developmental outcomes, and examples from over 100 years of analysis of the development of Drosophila melanogaster have uncovered many different modes of cell division within this one species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2281-2295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the dynamics of messenger ribonucleoprotein-mediated translation repression. 探索信使核糖核蛋白介导的翻译抑制动态。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20231240
Julia Meyer, Marco Payr, Olivier Duss, Janosch Hennig
{"title":"Exploring the dynamics of messenger ribonucleoprotein-mediated translation repression.","authors":"Julia Meyer, Marco Payr, Olivier Duss, Janosch Hennig","doi":"10.1042/BST20231240","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20231240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Translational control is crucial for well-balanced cellular function and viability of organisms. Different mechanisms have evolved to up- and down-regulate protein synthesis, including 3' untranslated region (UTR)-mediated translation repression. RNA binding proteins or microRNAs interact with regulatory sequence elements located in the 3' UTR and interfere most often with the rate-limiting initiation step of translation. Dysregulation of post-transcriptional gene expression leads to various kinds of diseases, emphasizing the significance of understanding the mechanisms of these processes. So far, only limited mechanistic details about kinetics and dynamics of translation regulation are understood. This mini-review focuses on 3' UTR-mediated translational regulation mechanisms and demonstrates the potential of using single-molecule fluorescence-microscopy for kinetic and dynamic studies of translation regulation in vivo and in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2267-2279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances towards potential cancer therapeutics targeting Hippo signaling. 靶向Hippo信号的潜在癌症治疗进展。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240244
Rui Zhu, Zhihan Jiao, Fa-Xing Yu
{"title":"Advances towards potential cancer therapeutics targeting Hippo signaling.","authors":"Rui Zhu, Zhihan Jiao, Fa-Xing Yu","doi":"10.1042/BST20240244","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decades of research into the Hippo signaling pathway have greatly advanced our understanding of its roles in organ growth, tissue regeneration, and tumorigenesis. The Hippo pathway is frequently dysregulated in human cancers and is recognized as a prominent cancer signaling pathway. Hence, the Hippo pathway represents an ideal molecular target for cancer therapies. This review will highlight recent advancements in targeting the Hippo pathway for cancer treatment and discuss the potential opportunities for developing new therapeutic modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2399-2413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the influence of anionic lipids in the host cell membrane on viral fusion. 探索宿主细胞膜中阴离子脂质对病毒融合的影响。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240833
Daniel Birtles, Jinwoo Lee
{"title":"Exploring the influence of anionic lipids in the host cell membrane on viral fusion.","authors":"Daniel Birtles, Jinwoo Lee","doi":"10.1042/BST20240833","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membrane fusion is an essential component of the viral lifecycle that allows the delivery of the genetic information of the virus into the host cell. Specialized viral glycoproteins exist on the surface of mature virions where they facilitate fusion through significant conformational changes, ultimately bringing opposing membranes into proximity until they eventually coalesce. This process can be positively influenced by a number of specific cellular factors such as pH, enzymatic cleavage, divalent ions, and the composition of the host cell membrane. In this review, we have summarized how anionic lipids have come to be involved in viral fusion and how the endosomal resident anionic lipid BMP has become increasingly implicated as an important cofactor for those viruses that fuse via the endocytic pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":"52 6","pages":"2593-2602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in utilizing reverse micelles to investigate membrane proteins. 利用反向胶束研究膜蛋白的进展。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240830
Sara H Walters, Aaron S Birchfield, Brian Fuglestad
{"title":"Advances in utilizing reverse micelles to investigate membrane proteins.","authors":"Sara H Walters, Aaron S Birchfield, Brian Fuglestad","doi":"10.1042/BST20240830","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reverse micelles (RMs) have emerged as useful tools for the study of membrane associated proteins. With a nanoscale water core surrounded by surfactant and solubilized in a non-polar solvent, RMs stand apart as a unique membrane model. While RMs have been utilized as tools to investigate the physical properties of membranes and their associated water, RMs also effectively house membrane associated proteins for a variety of studies. High-resolution protein NMR revealed a need for development of improved RM formulations, which greatly enhanced the use of RMs for aqueous proteins. Protein-optimized RM formulations enabled encapsulation of challenging membrane associated protein types, including lipidated proteins, transmembrane proteins, and peripheral membrane proteins. Improvements in biological accuracy of RMs using phospholipid-based surfactants has advanced their utility as a membrane mimetic even further, better matching the chemistry of the most common cellular membrane lipids. Natural lipid extracts may also be used to construct RMs and house proteins, resulting in a membrane model that better represents the complexity of biological membranes. Recent applications in high-resolution investigations of protein-membrane interactions and inhibitor design of membrane associated proteins have demonstrated the usefulness of these systems in addressing this difficult category of protein. Further developments of RMs as membrane models will enhance the breadth of investigations facilitated by these systems and will enhance their use in biophysical, structural, and drug discovery pursuits of membrane associated proteins. In this review, we present the development of RMs as membrane models and their application to structural and biophysical study of membrane proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2499-2511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142602645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A closer look at the role of deubiquitinating enzymes in the Hypoxia Inducible Factor pathway. 仔细研究去泛素化酶在缺氧诱导因子途径中的作用。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20230861
Tekle Pauzaite, James A Nathan
{"title":"A closer look at the role of deubiquitinating enzymes in the Hypoxia Inducible Factor pathway.","authors":"Tekle Pauzaite, James A Nathan","doi":"10.1042/BST20230861","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20230861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxia Inducible transcription Factors (HIFs) are central to the metazoan oxygen-sensing response. Under low oxygen conditions (hypoxia), HIFs are stabilised and govern an adaptive transcriptional programme to cope with prolonged oxygen starvation. However, when oxygen is present, HIFs are continuously degraded by the proteasome in a process involving prolyl hydroxylation and subsequent ubiquitination by the Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) E3 ligase. The essential nature of VHL in the HIF response is well established but the role of other enzymes involved in ubiquitination is less clear. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) counteract ubiquitination and provide an important regulatory aspect to many signalling pathways involving ubiquitination. In this review, we look at the complex network of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in controlling HIF signalling in normal and low oxygen tensions. We discuss the relative importance of DUBs in opposing VHL, and explore roles of DUBs more broadly in hypoxia, in both VHL and HIF independent contexts. We also consider the catalytic and non-catalytic roles of DUBs, and elaborate on the potential benefits and challenges of inhibiting these enzymes for therapeutic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2253-2265"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142709182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The emerging role of Rab proteins in osteoclast organelle biogenesis and function. Rab蛋白在破骨细胞细胞器生物发生和功能中的新作用。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240519
Shiou-Ling Lu, Takeshi Noda
{"title":"The emerging role of Rab proteins in osteoclast organelle biogenesis and function.","authors":"Shiou-Ling Lu, Takeshi Noda","doi":"10.1042/BST20240519","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rab GTPase proteins have been extensively studied for their roles in regulating vesicle and organelle dynamics. Among the ∼60 subtypes in mammalian cells, several Rabs have been reported to play crucial roles in osteoclast biogenesis and function. In this review, we aim to provide an update on recently described Rab GTPases, Rab11, Rab32, Rab44, and Rab38, as well as Rab7, Rab3D and Rab27A in osteoclast formation and function.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2469-2475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus. 金黄色葡萄球菌精氨酸代谢的调控动力学。
IF 3.8 3区 生物学
Biochemical Society transactions Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1042/BST20240710
Itidal Reslane, Gabrielle F Watson, Luke D Handke, Paul D Fey
{"title":"Regulatory dynamics of arginine metabolism in Staphylococcus aureus.","authors":"Itidal Reslane, Gabrielle F Watson, Luke D Handke, Paul D Fey","doi":"10.1042/BST20240710","DOIUrl":"10.1042/BST20240710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Staphylococcus aureus is a highly significant pathogen with several well studied and defined virulence factors. However, the metabolic pathways that are required to facilitate infection are not well described. Previous data have documented that S. aureus requires glucose catabolism during initial stages of infection. Therefore, certain nutrients whose biosynthetic pathway is under carbon catabolite repression and CcpA, including arginine, must be acquired from the host. However, even though S. aureus encodes pathways to synthesize arginine, biosynthesis of arginine is repressed even in the absence of glucose. Why is S. aureus a functional arginine auxotroph? This review discusses recently described regulatory mechanisms that are linked to repression of arginine biosynthesis using either proline or glutamate as substrates. In addition, recent studies are discussed that shed insight into the ultimate mechanisms linking arginine auxotrophy and infection persistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8841,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society transactions","volume":" ","pages":"2513-2523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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