Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle-carbon support composites.","authors":"Madeleine K Wilsey, Teona Taseska, Qishen Lyu, Connor P Cox, Astrid M Müller","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.26","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We developed a novel pulsed laser-assisted process for the fabrication of advanced composites of nonequilibrium gold nanoparticles on carbon fiber paper supports. Our one-step process integrates the generation of nanoparticles with their surface attachment and solves longstanding nanoparticle adhesion and electrical contact issues. Irradiation of hydrophilic carbon fiber paper submerged in aqueous HAuCl₄ solution by nanosecond laser pulses produced composites with uniform distribution of gold nanoparticles on carbon fibers, taking advantage of the high internal surface area of carbon fiber paper. The pulsed laser-grafted composites exhibited zero measurable charge transfer resistance between gold nanoparticles and the carbon support, leading to superior cathode performance over conventionally prepared electrodes for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution in aqueous bicarbonate reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"349-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature.","authors":"Kafi Devi, Usha Rani, Arun Kumar, Divya Gupta, Sanjeev Aggarwal","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.25","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, zinc telluride (ZnTe) films were grown on quartz substrates at room temperature, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C using RF sputtering. The thickness of the films has been found to decrease from 940 nm at room temperature to 200 nm at 600 °C with increasing substrate temperature. The structural investigation using grazing incidence angle X-ray diffraction revealed that films deposited at room temperature are amorphous; those deposited at other substrate temperatures are polycrystalline with a cubic zincblende structure and a preferred orientation along the [111] direction. An increase in crystallite size (from 37.60 ± 0.42 Å to 68.88 ± 1.04 Å) is observed with increased substrate temperature. This leads to a reduction in microstrain and dislocation density. The optical studies using UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy reveal that the transmittance of films increases with substrate temperature. Further, the shift in transmittance threshold towards lower wavelengths with substrate temperature indicates that the optical bandgap of the films can be tuned from 1.47 ± 0.02 eV to 3.11 ± 0.14 eV. The surface morphology of the films studied using atomic force microscopy reveals that there is uniform grain growth on the surface. Various morphological parameters such as roughness, particle size, particle density, skewness, and kurtosis were determined. Current-voltage characteristics indicate that the conductivity of the films increased with substrate temperature. The observed variations in structural, morphological, and optical parameters have been discussed and correlated. The wide bandgap (3.11 eV), high crystallinity, high transmittance, and high conductivity of the ZnTe film produced at 600 °C make it a suitable candidate for use as a buffer layer in solar cell applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"333-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene oxide-chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation.","authors":"Braham Dutt Arya, Sandeep Mittal, Prachi Joshi, Alok Kumar Pandey, Jaime E Ramirez-Vick, Govind Gupta, Surinder P Singh","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.24","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy is a highly regulated catabolic process by which unnecessary, dysfunctional, or damaged proteins and other cellular components are degraded and recycled to promote cellular differentiation, survival, and development. In response to endogenous or exogenous stresses, cancer cells use autophagy pathways for survival through activation of complex DNA damage repair (DDR) mechanisms. In the present study, we demonstrated the genotoxicity induced in A549 lung cancer cells by exposure to the GO-Chl nanoconjugate and elucidated the role of autophagy modulation in harnessing the DNA-damage response. GO-Chl causes loss of plasma membrane integrity, cell cycle arrest, and significant genotoxicity in A549 cells. Further, elevated expression of key autophagy proteins beclin-1, ATG-7, LC-3-I/II, and SQSTM1/p62 reveal that inhibition of autophagy plays a crucial role in regulating DDR capabilities of cancer cells. The results indicate that the interplay between DDR and autophagy pathways may open new paradigms for developing effective combinatorial nanoscale drug systems against multidrug-resistance cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"316-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and evaluation of BerNPs regarding the growth and development of <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.","authors":"Tuyen Huu Nguyen, Hong Thanh Pham, Kieu Kim Thanh Nguyen, Loan Hong Ngo, Anh Ngoc Tuan Mai, Thu Hoang Anh Lam, Ngan Thi Kim Phan, Dung Tien Pham, Duong Thuy Hoang, Thuc Dong Nguyen, Lien Thi Xuan Truong","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.23","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, berberine nanoparticles (BerNPs) were prepared using a wet-milling method with zirconium balls to enhance bioavailability and expand potential applications. The particle size and physicochemical properties of the BerNPs were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The broth dilution method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the BerNPs against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (<i>S. mutans</i>). The impact of the BerNPs on the cell surface of <i>S. mutans</i> was evaluated through FE-SEM analysis, focusing on its ability to inhibit biofilm formation. The results demonstrated that BerNPs were produced with an average particle size of 40-65 nm. The chemical structure of BerNPs remained consistent with that of berberine, with no modifications occurring during nanoparticle preparation. The BerNPs exhibited the ability to inhibit <i>S. mutans</i>, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values of 78.1 and 312.5 µg/mL, respectively. BerNPs caused significant damage to <i>S. mutans</i> cells, disrupting the cell membrane structure, and leading to cell lysis and death. Additionally, BerNPs effectively inhibited the biofilm formation of <i>S. mutans</i>. In summary, BerNPs demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect on the activities of <i>S. mutans</i> at selectively applied concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"308-315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh, Amalina Muhammad Afifi, Fathiah Mohamed Zuki, Hanna Sofia SalehHudin","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.22","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines strategies to enhance the mechanical properties of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun nanofibers, recognized for their biomedical and industrial applications. It begins by outlining the fundamental properties of chitosan and PVA, highlighting their compatibility and mechanical characteristics. The electrospinning process is discussed, focusing on how various parameters and post-treatment methods influence fiber formation and performance. Key strategies for improvement are analyzed, including material modifications through blending and structural modifications like fiber orientation and multilayer constructions, and surface modifications such as coating and functionalization. The review also covers advanced characterization methods to evaluate mechanical properties and provides a comparative analysis of different enhancement approaches. Applications in biomedical and industrial contexts are explored, showcasing the versatility and innovation potential of these nanofibers. Finally, current challenges are addressed, and future research directions are proposed to overcome these obstacles and further enhance the mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers, guiding their development for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"286-307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts.","authors":"Yunus Ahmed, Keya Rani Dutta, Parul Akhtar, Md Arif Hossen, Md Jahangir Alam, Obaid A Alharbi, Hamad AlMohamadi, Abdul Wahab Mohammad","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.21","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the constantly growing field of environmental sustainability, the threat of newly discovered pollutants, particularly antibiotics, has become a crucial concern. The widespread presence of these pharmaceutical substances in water sources presents a complex hazard to human health and ecological balance, requiring immediate and novel intervention techniques. Regarding this, semiconductor-based photocatalysts have appeared as promising candidates, providing a sustainable and efficient way to remove antibiotics from aquatic ecosystems. Nanomaterials can effectively and precisely break down and neutralize antibiotic compounds with high efficiency and selectivity by utilizing a complex interaction between radical reactive oxygen species and non-radical equivalents under light irradiation. Although photocatalysts have certain drawbacks, such as a limited capacity to absorb light and concerns about catalytic stability, photocatalysis outperforms other advanced oxidation processes in multiple aspects. This study focuses on summarizing recent advances in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts. By reviewing the latest studies and sustainable technologies, this study presents new insights into the complex relationship between contaminants and catalytic degradation processes. Compared to single and binary photocatalysts, modified ternary composites were found to have superior photodegradation performance under visible light exposure. To be specific g-C₃N₄-based ternary photocatalysts exhibited more than 90% degradation of tetracycline and sulfamethazine antibiotics within one hour of irradiation. This study addresses the antibiotic degradation efficiency during photocatalytic processes and suggests new approaches to improve the performance and scalability for wider use in real-world situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"264-285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11878149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiO <i>_x</i> films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode.","authors":"Hendrik Müller, Hartmut Stadler, Teresa de Los Arcos, Adrian Keller, Guido Grundmeier","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.16.19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.51.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"252-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferential enrichment and extraction of laser-synthesized nanoparticles in organic phases.","authors":"Theo Fromme, Maximilian L Spiekermann, Florian Lehmann, Stephan Barcikowski, Thomas Seidensticker, Sven Reichenberger","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.20","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulsed laser ablation in liquids (LAL) is an established preparation method of nanoparticles and catalysts, which additionally allows to chemically modify the nanomaterials in situ via chemical reactions of the nanoparticles with the molecules or solutes of the liquid. Particularly when organic solvents are used as liquids, photothermally induced C-C cleavage, addition or dehydrogenation reactions of the solvents, as well as (carbon) functionalization of the nanoparticles have been observed, which ultimately should affect their lipophilicity and, hence, colloidal stability in apolar or polar solvents. Two-phase liquid systems and the possibility to transfer the surfactant-free nanoparticles from one liquid phase into another remain practically unaddressed in literature. To tackle this knowledge gap, the present study investigates the phase preference of laser-generated noble metal (Au and Ag) and base metal (Cu, Fe, Al and Ti) nanoparticles within propylene carbonate/alcohol (PC/A) systems. Alcohols of increasing chain length (C₆-C₁₁) and hence decreasing polarity were chosen for this study. For each metal, LAL was performed at elevated temperatures (85 °C) where the PC/A mixture forms a single phase. Upon cooling, the phases separated and the amount of colloidal nanoparticles in the alcohol and propylene carbonate phase was analyzed for each metal system. The abundance of nanoparticles in PC or alcohol was found to correlate with the electrochemical reduction potential of the respective metal, where the noble metals were enriched within the more polar solvents. The polarity of the solvents (as function of the carbon chain length of the alcohol) was found to direct both the nanoparticles' phase selectivity and recovery after cycling. The observed correlations provide potential guidelines for nanoparticle extraction and size separation, relevant for phase transfer and cycling during homogeneous catalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"254-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide.","authors":"Radmila Milenkovska, Nikola Geskovski, Dushko Shalabalija, Ljubica Mihailova, Petre Makreski, Dushko Lukarski, Igor Stojkovski, Maja Simonoska Crcarevska, Kristina Mladenovska","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.18","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.18","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the present study, temozolomide (TMZ), a drug used for the treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), was incorporated into multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and a MWCNTs-graphene (MWCNTs-G) hybrid compound, covalently functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and folic acid (FA), with an aim to prepare nanocarriers with the potential to prolong the drug circulation time, cross the blood-brain-tumor barrier (BBTB), and provide targeted and controlled drug release in the brain tumor cells. Cytotoxicity and effects on cell membrane integrity of the blank and TMZ-loaded dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures (CNs) were evaluated in vitro on a GBM cell line (U87MG), as well as their radiosensitizing properties after exposure of the pre-treated GBM cells to gamma radiation with a standard clinical dose for patients with GBM. All prepared formulations underwent biopharmaceutical and physicochemical characterization, including the formulations exposed to irradiation under the same conditions. For physicochemical characterization of the formulations, different techniques were used by which successful functionalization of the CNs and TMZ loading were confirmed and visualized; no significant changes in the structure of the CNs and TMZ after irradiation were observed. With single and dual functionalization, formulations with relatively high TMZ loading efficiency and drug content were prepared. They exhibited homogeneous particle size distributions and mean particle sizes and surface charges suitable for crossing the BBTB and targeting brain cancer cells. A biphasic drug release profile was observed for all functionalized TMZ-loaded formulations in simulated in vivo conditions, with a sustained release pointing to the potential for controlled release of TMZ in brain tumor cells. The formulations of the hybrid CN MWCNTs-G compared to the corresponding MWCNTs were characterized by a similar or slightly higher TMZ content, larger particle size, similar surface charge, and slightly faster TMZ release, which can be attributed to the planar structure of graphene that promotes TMZ binding to the surface on a larger scale. For the irradiated CNs, lower values for particle size, more positive values for surface charge, and accelerated TMZ release were observed, which could be explained by changes in the physicochemical characteristics of the prepared formulations upon irradiation. Significant concentration-dependent toxicity was observed for blank dual-functionalized CNs, being higher for MWCNTs-G-PEG6000-FA compared to MWCNTs-PEG6000-FA at the same formulation concentrations. With incorporation of TMZ into the functionalized CNs, the cell viability additionally decreased, maintaining the trend for higher cytotoxicity of the hybrid CN. Additional decrease in the viability of cells was observed when GBM cells pre-treated with the corresponding CNs were exposed to irradiation, which could be ascribed to changes in s","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"229-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria.","authors":"Bedah Rupaedah, Indrika Novella, Atiek Rostika Noviyanti, Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy, Anna Safarrida, Abdul Hapid, Zhafira Amila Haqqa, Suryana Suryana, Irwan Kurnia, Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.16.17","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.16.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preserving the viability of rhizobacteria during plant application poses a significant challenge when utilizing rhizobacteria as biofertilizers, especially under adverse environmental conditions. Therefore, the selection of a suitable carrier material for rhizobacteria plays a crucial role in ensuring the sustained viability of these microorganisms. Nanomaterials, particularly nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), have garnered attention for sustaining rhizobacterial viability, high loading capacity, high biodegradability, and biocompatibility, which facilitate microbial interactions. In this study, nHA was synthesized using a hydrothermal method and used as a carrier for two rhizobacteria strains (Pd and Tb). The structural and morphological properties of nHA were examined through XRD and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Rhizobacteria were encapsulated within the carrier material, and their viability was evaluated using the total plate count method. Following their immobilization on nHA, the phosphate-solubilizing capacity of rhizobacteria was evaluated using Pikovskaya's medium. A nitrogen-free bromothymol medium was utilized to qualitatively assess the nitrogen-fixing ability of rhizobacteria. Furthermore, rhizobacteria were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, followed by analysis to construct a phylogenetic tree. nHA was found to meet the required quality criteria, exhibiting a spherical morphology with an average particle size of 68 nm and a porosity of 54.78%. The nHA carrier demonstrated favorable physical attributes to sustaining rhizobacterial viability with pH 8.95 and an electrical conductivity of 55.4 μS/cm. Rhizobacteria loaded onto the nHA carrier maintained comparable viability to those without carriers. The highest viability of the rhizobacterial strains Pd and Tb loaded onto the nHA carrier was observed on the seventh day after inoculation, measuring at 2.480 × 10⁷ and 1.040 × 10⁷ CFU/mL, respectively. The qualitative tests of nHA as rhizobacterial carrier demonstrated that rhizobacteria retained their ability to solubilize phosphate and fix nitrogen. Furthermore, both rhizobacteria have been identified. Pd rhizobacterium was identified with complete match to <i>Brevundimonas olei</i> strain Prd2. Similarly, Tb rhizobacterium showed 100% similarity to <i>Bacillus altitudinis</i> strain NPB34b. Based on this reseach, nanohydroxyapatite could be the potential carrier to protect rhizobacteria from external stressors and to maintain their viability over the long term. These findings indicate the potential of a nanohydroxyapatite-rhizobacteria system as a promising environmentally friendly fertilizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 ","pages":"216-228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11849556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}