Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"High-performance graphene/aluminum composites: progress and challenges from an industrial perspective.","authors":"Shuai GuoLiang, Pan LinXia, Ma HaiLin","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.86","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.86","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Graphene/aluminum (Gr/Al) composites are regarded as a promising class of lightweight, high-performance materials for aerospace, automotive, and electronics applications. Graphene's exceptional mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties are integrated with aluminum's favorable density and formability. From an industrial perspective, different methods for producing graphene are analyzed, and graphene/aluminum composites are discussed. The industrialization bottlenecks and path strategies for high-performance Gr/Al composites are analyzed. The major bottlenecks are uniform dispersion of graphene in Al matrix, suppression of the harmful Al₄C₃ interfacial phase, and cost control for large-scale production. The former two problems are addressed by the development of low-cost graphene surface modification technology. The latter problem can be solved by combining different composite technologies, such as spark plasma sintering and casting, which enables excellent microstructure controllability and efficiency. This dual-path framework is provided as a practical reference for the commercialization of Gr/Al composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1257-1271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular states and interfacial interactions at solid-liquid interfaces: advances and challenges in multimodal characterization.","authors":"Shiou Yamada, Hinata Urano, Koji Toma","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.85","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.85","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solid-liquid interfaces govern key functions in biosensing, catalysis, energy conversion, drug delivery, and organic electronic devices because molecular adsorption, hydration, charge regulation, and structural reorganization occur within an ultrathin interfacial region. However, these phenomena are intrinsically multiscale and multidimensional, involving strongly coupled variables such as mass, interfacial potential, molecular orientation, viscoelasticity, and local nanoscale heterogeneity. As a result, no single measurement technique can fully describe interfacial states or their dynamics. This review summarizes recent advances in multimodal characterization strategies designed to overcome these limitations. We first outline the conceptual framework of molecular interactions at solid-liquid interfaces, focusing on electrostatic interactions, van der Waals forces, hydration structures, hydrophobic effects, specific adsorption, and protein conformational changes across wide temporal and spatial scales. We then compare the observation windows, defined here as the combined range of spatiotemporal resolution and accessible physical observables, and limitations of major stand-alone methods, including optical, electrochemical, acoustic, and scanning probe techniques. Building on this basis, we discuss the recent development of multimodal platforms that integrate optics with electrochemistry, optics with quartz crystal microbalance measurements, and local probes with optical or electrochemical readouts, highlighting how these combinations reveal correlations among dry and wet mass, charge state, molecular vibration, hydration, and local structure. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges, including causal ambiguity among coupled interfacial variables, the trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution, and the difficulty of quantitatively linking experimental data with theoretical models. Multimodal characterization is expected to provide a foundation for the rational design of next-generation biointerfaces, delivery systems, and organic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1223-1256"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of NiMo alloy nanoparticles for catalytic dry reforming of methane.","authors":"Azimet A Karluk, Javeed Mahmood, Seok-Jin Kim, Cafer T Yavuz","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.84","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.84","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metallic Ni nanoparticles doped with Mo are recently developed highly active nanocatalysts for dry reforming of methane (DRM). However, the nature of interactions and co-existence of Ni and Mo, optimal Ni/Mo ratios, as well as the impact of synthetic methods on catalyst structure and activity, remain unclear. This study compares two different synthetic approaches, one-pot synthesis (OP) and post-modification (PM), to determine the optimal Ni/Mo ratio for catalytic performance. The OP method promotes the formation of NiMo nanoparticles under adequate reducing conditions, significantly enhancing DRM activity. In contrast, the PM method ensures precise Ni/Mo ratios but leads to the formation of large MoO₃ nanocrystals that obstruct active sites, thus reducing the catalytic performance. Our findings demonstrate that the highest DRM activity is achieved with a 10:1 molar ratio of Ni/Mo to predominantly form alloy nanoparticles and emphasize that the synthesis method, along with the stoichiometric ratios, plays a crucial role in achieving exceptional catalytic performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1212-1222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation and compaction of sub-10 nm transfer films in metal-ceramic fretting.","authors":"Tunç Çiftçi, Ozan Şahin, Thibault Roch, Bart Weber","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.83","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.83","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoscale transfer in metal-ceramic fretting originates at microcontacts but has remained experimentally unresolved. Here, we use an atomic force microscopy-based topographical difference method to visualize the formation of sub-10 nm transfer films at a sapphire-chromium interface subjected to fretting. Transfer proceeds via adhesive wear of chromium at micrometer-scale contacts, followed by plastic compaction of the chromium debris into a conformal ≈5 nm transfer film. Excess debris is expelled from the circular contact and accumulates in a curvature-defined peripheral ring around the contact. These results connect microcontact fracture, debris evolution, and nanoscale transfer-film formation in fretting contacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1200-1211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energetic ions and photons for engineering nanomaterials.","authors":"Devesh Kumar Avasthi, Venugopal Rao Soma","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.82","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.82","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1194-1199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Locally induced Stark shifts of collective excitonic modes in polyradical aggregates.","authors":"Amandeep Sagwal, Rodrigo Cezar de Campos Ferreira, Petr Kahan, Maximilian Rödel, Jindřich Nejedlý, Jiří Doležal, Martin Švec","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.81","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active control of dark long-lived excitonic states in molecular aggregates using local electric fields is a pivotal challenge for advancing nanoscale optoelectronics and quantum device engineering. This experimental study investigates the collective excitonic states in aggregates composed of radical chromophores. With the strong optical enhancement provided by tip-enhanced photoluminescence spectroscopy, we observe fingerprints of bright and dark excitonic modes appearing due to interexciton coupling and induced changes in their spectra with the electric field locally applied within the nanocavity gap. The analysis of the Stark shifts revealed a divergent behavior of the bright states in asymmetric measurement positions of the nanocavity above the aggregates. The observed complex behavior is discussed considering the influence of the field, molecule arrangement, nanocavity coupling, and electrostatic charge inhomogeneities in the clusters. This sensitivity to the external parameters demonstrates an effective means of control over radical excitonic aggregates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1185-1193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gold bipyramids as a promising alternative to gold nanorods for analytical and biomedical applications.","authors":"Andrey M Burov, Sergey V Zarkov, Arina V Drozd, Igor V Borisov, Elena G Zavyalova, Nikolai G Khlebtsov","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.80","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.80","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gold nanobipyramids and nanorods of comparable dimensions were synthesized to evaluate and contrast their plasmonic, analytical, and photothermal performance. The bipyramids exhibited a markedly higher absorption spectral quality factor than the nanorods. For surface-enhanced Raman scattering comparison, both nanoparticle types were functionalized with thiolated nitrobenzene molecules, revealing an approximately fourfold higher enhancement factor for the bipyramids. Their analytical sensitivity was further assessed by monitoring the plasmon resonance wavelength shift in response to changes in the external refractive index, as well as variations in the thickness and refractive index of a nanoscale coating. In all cases, the bipyramids outperformed the nanorods. Additionally, both experimental and theoretical analyses confirmed the superior efficiency of bipyramids as photothermal agents for converting laser irradiation into heat. Effective photothermal inactivation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> was achieved under resonant laser excitation using either particle type. Given the recent advances in their synthesis, gold bipyramids emerge as highly promising alternatives to nanorods for a broad range of analytical and biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1170-1184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Room-temperature NO₂ sensing performance of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> heterojunctions.","authors":"Ngo Thi Chau, Quoc Vinh Ho, Dai Hai Nguyen, Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen, Qui Thanh Hoai Ta","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.79","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, metallic Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> MXenes have garnered considerable attention in the realm of gas sensors owing to their distinctive characteristics, including high conductivity, inherent hydrophilicity, and abundant surface termination groups. Nonetheless, Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> -based sensing composites encounter challenges related to response/recovery time and low sensitivity, thereby limiting their applicability across diverse environmental conditions. Addressing these limitations, we present the synthesis of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> nanocomposites via a facile method for gas sensing applications. The optimized composite exhibits a notable response of around 6.1% to 5 ppm NO₂, coupled with remarkable selectivity at ambient temperatures. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates exceptional reproducibility across multiple testing iterations. The observed enhancement in gas sensing performance is attributed to the abundance of oxygen vacancies and surface functional groups within the ZnO/Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> composites, which facilitate robust interactions with NO₂ molecules. These findings underscore the efficacy of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> nanocomposites as a viable strategy for enhancing the gas sensing properties of Ti₃C₂T <i>_x</i> -based sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1159-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501232/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A redox-responsive viologen-cavitand nanocarrier for dual-function photodynamic therapy.","authors":"Andrey A Maslennikov, Alexey Yu Usanyov, Amir A Shamsutdinov, Anna P Lyubina, Andrey A Parfenov, Alexandra D Voloshina, Irek R Nizameev, Marsil K Kadirov, Rezeda R Fazleeva, Vitaly V Yanilkin, Kseniya A Zhdanova, Natal'ya A Bragina, Albina Y Ziganshina, Igor S Antipin","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.78","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.78","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although photodynamic therapy selectively eradicates tumours via light-triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, conventional photosensitizers suffer from poor solubility and a reliance on short-wavelength light with limited tissue penetration. To address this, we developed a redox-responsive polymeric nanocarrier through free-radical polymerization of a pre-assembled micellar ensemble. This ensemble formed spontaneously in aqueous solution by encapsulating the hydrophobic photosensitizer <i>meso</i>-tetrakis(<i>p</i>-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin within a core composed of the disulfide-containing monomer <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>'-bis(acryloyl)cystamine, while a viologen-functionalized resorcinarene cavitand anchored at the micelle surface, providing colloidal stability. Polymerization yielded core-shell nanoparticles with a glutathione-cleavable, disulfide-rich core and a viologen-decorated shell. In vitro investigations across a broad panel of six malignant and two non-malignant cell lines demonstrated low dark cytotoxicity and acceptable blood compatibility, with hemolysis remaining below 10%. In the dark, the formulation induced a non-lethal, transient cytostatic effect driven by early-stage apoptosis. Crucially, upon 650 nm laser irradiation, the nanocarrier engaged powerful photodynamic activity, triggering a massive transition to late apoptosis and direct cell death, resulting in near-complete tumor cell eradication. ROS generation, subcellular localization, and programmed cell death mechanisms were confirmed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, establishing the developed redox-responsive system as an effective candidate for targeted photodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1142-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosynthesis, characterization, and biofunctional assessment of niobium oxide nanostructures obtained using lactic acid bacteria-derived supernatants.","authors":"Pablo Araujo Oliveira, Gabriella T L Teixeira, Pollyane S Oliveira, Thaís S Farnesi-de-Assunção, Isabela S Rotta, Karina F D Vicentine, Dayane S Alvares, Jéferson A Moreto, Aline D Paiva, Natália Bueno Leite Slade","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.77","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.77","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology offers innovative opportunities for developing functional materials with applications across biomedical and food-related fields. Among metallic and metal oxide nanostructures, niobium-based compounds have recently attracted attention due to their remarkable mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity, and biocompatibility. In this study, niobium oxide nanostructures were synthesized through a green, cell-free approach using supernatants derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> and <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i> UFTM 2.9. The use of LAB supernatants provided an eco-friendly and sustainable route for nanoparticle production, avoiding toxic reagents while exploiting biologically active metabolites for bioreduction and stabilization. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), scanning-transmission electron microscopy (STEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and zeta potential analysis. In vitro assays using Vero-CCL81 cells demonstrated that the nanostructures exhibited low cytotoxicity, confirming their potential biocompatibility. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were evaluated against <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC 25922, revealing significant inhibitory effects. These findings highlight a novel and sustainable route for producing niobium oxide nanostructures via LAB-mediated synthesis, with promising implications for biomedical and food safety applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1128-1141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}