Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"A novel nanoparticle-based co-delivery system of <i>Fritillaria persica L</i>. extract and gemcitabine for inhibiting breast cancer progression.","authors":"Reyhaneh Arefimehr, Mehrad Zibaei Moghadam, Negar Jamshidi, Nazanin Jamshidi","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.17.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for more effective and less toxic therapeutic strategies. In the present study, a novel nanotherapeutic platform composed of aqueous <i>Fritillaria persica L</i>. (FP) extract and gemcitabine (Gem)-loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (FP/Gem/CS-NPs) was successfully developed and evaluated against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Physicochemical characterization demonstrated the successful fabrication of spherical FP/Gem/CS-NPs with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 69 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.500, and a zeta potential of -16.2 mV. The nanoparticles demonstrated high entrapment efficiency (78.41%) and sustained drug release behavior, with nearly 50% of Gem released over 72 h, compared with the rapid burst release of free gemcitabine. Biological evaluations revealed that FP/Gem/CS-NPs exerted significantly enhanced anticancer activity compared with free Gem or FP extract alone. MTT assays demonstrated strong dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, with markedly reduced IC₅₀ values in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells following nanoparticle treatment. Flow cytometry and caspase-3/7 analyses confirmed substantial apoptosis induction, particularly in the highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells. Gene expression analysis further demonstrated significant upregulation of pro-apoptotic BAX and cell cycle regulator P21, alongside downregulation of anti-apoptotic BCL-2, indicating activation of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Moreover, NRF2 expression was elevated, suggesting modulation of oxidative stress responses. Cell cycle analysis revealed prominent G2/M phase arrest in treated cells. Collectively, these findings indicate that FP/Gem/CS-NPs represent a promising synergistic nanotherapeutic system capable of enhancing gemcitabine efficacy while modulating apoptosis, oxidative stress, and cell cycle pathways in breast cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1378-1395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser fragmentation of MoS₂ in ethanol: MoO_3- <i>_x</i> coatings, oxygen vacancies, and photoluminescence with NIR heating.","authors":"José Guillermo Castillo-Lara, Miguel Ángel Camacho-López, Liliana Aranda-Lara, Marco Antonio Camacho-López, Jazmín Fuentes-Becerril, Keila Isaac-Olivé, Nallely Patricia Jiménez-Mancilla, Santiago Camacho-López, Luis Escobar-Alarcón, Noé Zamora-Romero","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.17.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides such as MoS₂ are attractive optical nanomaterials because they can exhibit photoluminescence and light-to-heat conversion within the same colloidal system. Here, we synthesize surfactant-free Mo-based nanocolloids by picosecond pulsed laser ablation of a bulk MoS₂ target in ethanol followed by laser-induced colloidal fragmentation. HRTEM shows that the ablation step initially yields 2H-MoS₂ nanosheets with an interplanar spacing of 0.274 nm (assigned to the (100) planes), while subsequent fragmentation produces 12.3 ± 1.7 nm fullerene-like core-shell nanoparticles comprising a curved MoS₂ core and an amorphous/poorly crystalline molybdenum oxide shell. Raman spectroscopy provides evidence consistent with the coexistence of 2H-MoS₂ and sub-stoichiometric molybdenum oxide (MoO_3- <i>_x</i> ). UV-vis spectra analyzed via Tauc plots yield an apparent optical bandgap of <i>E</i> _g ≈ 1.94 eV, suggesting size/curvature-related modifications of the electronic structure. Under 260 nm excitation, the nanocolloids display intense blue-violet photoluminescence with bands centered at 401, 425, and 452 nm. The emission is consistent with contributions from confined/curved MoS₂ domains together with defect-related states associated with oxygen-deficient MoO_3- <i>_x</i> . Finally, irradiation with a 270 W near-infrared lamp produces a temperature rise of ~11 °C in 10 min for the nanocolloids, compared with ~6 °C for ethanol alone, indicating an enhanced photothermal heating response. These results highlight picosecond laser processing in liquids as a straightforward route to MoS₂/MoO_3- <i>_x</i> fullerene-like nanostructures in which heating is obtained under broadband, spatially distributed irradiation rather than focused laser excitation, a configuration of interest for photothermal applications, where the local power densities delivered by focused sources are a recognised constraint.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1368-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of albumin manganese carbonate hybrid microparticles by confined impinging jet mixing with a tubular maturation section.","authors":"Cinzia-Paulina Draeger, Yu Xiong, Saranya Chaiwaree, Radostina Georgieva, Anja Drews, Hans Bäumler","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.17.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid protein inorganic microparticles are promising carriers for controlled drug delivery because their size, composition, and surface chemistry can be tailored to therapeutic requirements. In this study, human serum albumin-manganese(II) carbonate hybrid microparticles (MPs) were synthesized for the first time by continuous coprecipitation in a confined impinging jet mixer (CIJM) equipped with a tubular maturation section. Equimolar precursor solutions containing 10 mg·mL^-1 HSA were mixed at total flow rates between 2 and 20 mL·min^-1, and mean maturation residence times of 0, 6, and 12 s were achieved using capillaries of defined length. Particle characteristics were quantified by dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler electrophoresis, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Increasing flow rate reduced both the Kolmogorov length scale and the MPs' hydrodynamic diameter, yielding MPs of 240-800 nm with polydispersity indices below 0.25. In contrast, residence time did not significantly affect size but increased the encapsulation efficiency from 43% to 65% and shifted the zeta potential to more negative values, indicating enhanced protein incorporation. These results show that CIJM hydrodynamics determine MP size, while the maturation section provides an independent lever to tune loading and surface properties, offering a robust route for engineering hybrid MPs for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1359-1367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuning of the magnetic properties of iron oxide core-shell nanoparticles by controlled oxidation.","authors":"Aladin Ullrich, Michael Kühn, Juliane Ohmer, Manfred Albrecht","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.17.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Superparamagnetic iron oxide core-shell particles with average sizes of 10 and 14 nm were synthesized by thermal decomposition of an iron oleate precursor in a high-boiling solvent. Sodium oleate was used as surfactant to produce cubic particles. The particles show a wustite (FeO) structure in the core and spinel structures of maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃) or magnetite (Fe₃O₄) in the shell. Due to interfacial coupling of the antiferromagnetic core to the ferrimagnetic shell, the particles exhibit a pronounced exchange bias (EB) effect, resulting in a shifted hysteresis loop when measured below the superparamagnetic blocking temperature. The EB behavior was systematically investigated depending on the core/shell ratio, which was achieved by artificial oxidization of the particles. With decreasing core/shell ratio, the superparamagnetic blocking temperature, the coercivity, as well as the EB field decrease. In addition, magnetic memory measurements indicate the presence of a superspin glass state at low temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1348-1358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atom-scale contributions to nanofriction response in transition metal dichalcogenides.","authors":"Suresh Ravisankar, Ravikant Kumar, Antonio Cammarata, Thilo Glatzel, Tomas Polcar","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.17.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigate the nanoscale friction behaviour of MX₂ monolayers (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se) on Au(111) and Ag(111) substrates with a silicon tip using classical molecular dynamics simulations with machine-learning-based force fields. This approach enables an accurate description of tip-surface interactions and friction mechanisms at the atomic scale. We observe a pronounced nonmonotonic dependence of the friction force on the applied normal load, with the corresponding coefficient of friction being inversely proportional to the load. Analysis of lateral force signals and their spatial Fourier transforms reveals the coexistence of multiple sliding modes, including longitudinal sliding, lateral slip, and zig-zag motions. We show that the overall friction response is governed by the relative contributions of these motions. While the qualitative features of friction are largely substrate-independent, both the magnitude of friction and the balance between sliding modes depend sensitively on the substrate-monolayer combination. In particular, the Au/MoSe₂/Si system exhibits significantly reduced friction due to suppression of lateral slip motion. The analysis method employed in this study is also applicable to other material systems with different chemical compositions or sliding interface geometries. However, the peak positions and intensities are expected to vary with the chemical composition of the material; consequently, their interpretation may differ across different systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1330-1347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring the structural and functional properties of spray-pyrolyzed Ga₂O₃ thin films via Al doping.","authors":"Vadim Morari, Geanina V Mihai, Abdulkarim Alshibani, Emil V Rusu, Veaceslav V Ursaki, Marius Enachescu","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.91","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.91","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undoped and Al-doped α-Ga₂O₃ thin films (1-3 vol % of Al in precursor solution) were successfully deposited on Si substrates by spray pyrolysis at 500 °C and systematically investigated in terms of morphological, structural, compositional, optical, and electrical properties. Atomic force microscopy analysis revealed that moderate Al incorporation significantly improves surface morphology, reducing the root mean square roughness from 2.0 nm (undoped) to a minimum of 1.25 nm at 2 vol % Al, followed by a slight increase at 3 vol % Al due to possible lattice strain and compositional inhomogeneity. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy images confirmed the formation of dense, crack-free, and well-adhered films with thicknesses ranging from 445 to 540 nm, indicating that Al incorporation affects growth kinetics. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis verified successful Al incorporation and slight compositional variations, suggesting modifications in defect chemistry. X-ray diffraction results demonstrated that all films crystallize in the α-Ga₂O₃ phase with a corundum-type structure, while Al doping significantly influences crystal orientation, crystallite size, and lattice strain without altering the phase. Optical measurements revealed high transparency (≈90%) in the visible region for all samples. The optical bandgap increased slightly from 4.82 eV (undoped) to 4.87 eV (3 vol % Al), indicating successful substitutional incorporation of Al³⁺ and tunable optical properties. Electrical measurements showed linear current-voltage characteristics, confirming ohmic conduction. The resistance decreased from 17.32 MΩ (undoped) to 0.47 MΩ (3 vol % Al), demonstrating enhanced conductivity while preserving the semiconducting nature of the material. Overall, controlled Al doping effectively tailors the microstructural, optical, and electrical properties of α-Ga₂O₃ thin films, with 2 vol % Al identified as the optimal concentration for achieving improved surface morphology and balanced functional performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1320-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonprecious bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen electrode reactions.","authors":"Shaheen Parveez Bhuyan, Bhrigu Kumar Pegu, Darshan Jyoti Gogoi, Pragya Moni Gogoi, Pankaj Bharali","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.90","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.90","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The two most crucial reactions in energy storage and conversion systems are oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, their sluggish kinetics arise the need for commercially feasible bifunctional electrocatalysts to assist the reaction by improving its kinetics at the same time ensuring durability and also taking cost into account. The fundamentals of the oxygen electrodes are discussed followed by various techniques adopted by researchers to tune the electronic structures of carbon- and transition metal-based nanostructures towards enhanced activity in ORR/OER. Emphasis is placed on correlating catalyst structure/composition with electrocatalytic properties, simultaneously highlighting the persistent challenges. Hence, the review provides an overview on the recent advances in the field of non-precious bifunctional electrocatalysts for oxygen electrode reactions, which will serve as a foundation for their application in various fields including metal-air batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1302-1319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a yeast-based bio-interface on an optical fiber SPR platform toward drug adsorption monitoring.","authors":"Natsumi Kitaya, Daisuke Yamanaka, Kenji Morita, Ryota Naito, Hinako Suhara, Kento Suzuki, Hizuru Nakajima, Yukiko Moriiwa, Kazuhiro Morioka, Akio Yanagida, Atsushi Shoji","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.89","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.89","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yeast biomass, <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>, has been widely studied for removing heavy metals and organic pollutants, including pharmaceuticals. However, conventional batch methods provide limited insight into time-resolved adsorption and interfacial molecular interactions. We developed an optical fiber-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor incorporating a yeast-derived bio-interface. A film formation monitoring method based on transmitted light absorbance during electroless Ni plating enabled reproducible fabrication of gold nanofilms. Yeast cells were uniformly immobilized via a spray-based method to construct the bio-interface. Using this sensor, real-time adsorption of pharmaceuticals onto yeast cells was evaluated: Doxorubicin showed a concentration-dependent SPR response, whereas ampicillin showed no significant change in SPR response. The optical fiber configuration allows for direct immersion into environmental waters for in situ measurements, providing a platform for dynamic analysis of microorganism-pollutant interactions and advancing water treatment and environmental monitoring technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1290-1301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13618340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A core-level electron spectroscopy study of gas-phase 1,2,3-benzotriazole and methyl derivatives.","authors":"Sven Bölke, Christophe Nicolas, John Bozek, Heiko Peisert, David R Batchelor","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.88","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.88","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A gas-phase photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of 1,2,3-benzotriazole and methyl derivatives was undertaken to investigate the influence of the tautomerism on the spectroscopic signature in greater detail. Soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of the nitrogen core level, nitrogen K-edge near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements, and mapping of the resonant Auger spectroscopy were performed. High-energy ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy was also undertaken to compare with the previous studies using low-energy low-energy Helium I and Helium II excitation. The gas-phase characterization is an essential step for interpreting adsorbed molecular phases and thin films on surfaces. The results also served as a test of STOBE density functional theory calculations, in particular the near edge.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1282-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure, transport and galvanomagnetic properties of Ni₄₈Fe₁₂Cr₄₀ thin films.","authors":"Roman Zavornitsyn, Mikhail Milyaev, Larisa Naumova, Irina Maksimova, Anastasia Pavlova, Tatyana Chernyshova, Vyacheslav Proglyado, Vladimir Ustinov","doi":"10.3762/bjnano.17.87","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjnano.17.87","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microstructure, transport, and galvanometric properties of Ni₄₈Fe₁₂Cr₄₀ thin films of various thickness, obtained by magnetron sputtering, were studied in the temperature range of 93-293 K. The Ni₄₈Fe₁₂Cr₄₀ film with thickness of 5 nm has been found to be X-ray amorphous and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. The observation of anisotropic magnetoresistance, as well as anomalous and planar Hall effect, indicates the presence of ferromagnetic ordering in this sample. The increase of the Ni₄₈Fe₁₂Cr₄₀ film thickness to 8 nm leads to the crystallization and texture formation, which promotes more uniform distribution of Cr atoms in Ni-Fe matrix and suppression of the long-range ferromagnetic order.</p>","PeriodicalId":8802,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"1272-1281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13591423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}