Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Anaerobic digestion of agricultural wastes and comparison between conventional and automated biochemical methane potential performance","authors":"María de Lourdes Mendoza,&nbsp;Luis Vaca,&nbsp;Sebastián Taco-Vasquez,&nbsp;Pablo Villa","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas potential assessment of organic waste is an interesting practice exploited to enhance sustainable energy recovery while mitigating the environmental burdens associated with waste disposal. However, there are still some incongruences regarding the method's accuracy. The biogas potential of four agro-wastes, <em>i.e.</em>, banana peel, banana pulp, cocoa, and coffee mucilages, via the conventional and automated method, was established, and the characteristics between them were determined. The highest biogas yield was observed with the automated and the conventional methods under continuous mixing, which were roughly 27% higher than those obtained with the conventional method under intermittent mixing. Among the substrates, the most significant biogas production was recorded for coffee (1067 mL·g_TVS⁻¹), followed by cocoa mucilage (748 mL·g_TVS⁻¹). The biogas collection values from the automated method were similar to those from the stirred method, but the automated method showed earlier stabilized methane formation. For cocoa mucilage, the time to reach 80% of the maximum biogas (T₈₀) was the shortest, denoting its fast hydrolysis in fermentation. An apparent biodegradability index was estimated by relating the experimental biogas volume (L_{experimental biogas} per g _{digested TVS}) to the theoretical biogas potential of the substrate’s volatile solids (L_{theoretical biogas} per g _{digested TVS}), with coffee mucilage identified as the most apparently biodegradable biomass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characteristic of endophytic and rhizospheric bacteria from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) and their role in plant growth promotion","authors":"Babita Sharma,&nbsp;Ajar Nath Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern agricultural techniques demand the utilization of agrochemicals to increase the agricultural production in order to fulfill the requirement of world rising population. However the unrestrained utilization of these chemical fertilizers for prolonged period of time exhibit deleterious effects on soil and ensuring the productivity of crop. Consequently, the need of the moment is the integrated utilization of agrochemicals and bioinoculants, which are not only ecologically significant but also uphold the soil health. In the present investigation, plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria were isolated from the rhizospheric and endophytic region of the pearl millet. A total 13 bacteria were sorted out and were screened for PGP attributes such as nitrogen (N₂) fixation, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) solubilization. On the basis of screening results, three efficient strains, EU-BPMT-12, EU-BPMN-06, and EU-BPMN-01 exhibiting N₂-fixing, P, and K-solubilizing attributes were selected and identified molecularly using 16S rRNA gene sequencing as <em>Erwinia persicina</em> EU-BPMT-12 (PZ256924), <em>Pseudomonas brenneri</em> EU-BPMN-06 (PZ256923), and <em>Stenotrophomonas rhizophila</em> EU-BPMN-01 (PZ256922), respectively. The plants inoculated with these bacteria singly and in combination with half recommended dose of chemical fertilizer significantly improved a range of growth and physiological parameters under polyhouse and field conditions over the control. The highest yield was observed in plants treated with <em>E. persicina</em> in combination with the recommended half dose of urea. The current study demonstrates that the pearl millet associated bacteria have a wide range of beneficial effects and therefore has the potential to be an efficient biofertilizer for peal millet and related crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148948091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol potential of Bacillus siamensis Sh420 against Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol biosynthesis in wheat: insights into underlying molecular mechanisms","authors":"Sarfaraz Hussain,&nbsp;Israt Jahan,&nbsp;Fuguo Xing,&nbsp;Aqleem Abbas,&nbsp;Suliman Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal,&nbsp;Mohammad Rezaul Islam Shishir,&nbsp;Muhammad Asim","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Fusarium graminerarum</em> (<em>Fg</em>) is a major fungal pathogen of wheat, causing diseases including Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium crown rot (FCR), and is associated with the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), posing risks to human and animal health. Although several biological control agents have been reported, effective and consistent strategies for simultaneously suppressing <em>Fg</em>-induced seedling disease and DON production remain limited. We have identified <em>Bacillus siamensis</em> Sh420 from the wheat rhizosphere through 16S rRNA sequencing and molecular markers. This strain inhibited <em>Fg</em> both in vitro and in vivo in wheat seedlings and in wheat grains. DON quantification using HPLC revealed that Sh420 reduced DON production by 67.8% in grains and 61.55% on Petri plates. Hydrolytic enzyme secretion was confirmed both qualitatively and quantitatively. SEM and TEM analyses showed severe deformities in fungal mycelia and cellular structures. Sh420 also produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), promoting wheat growth in pot experiments. Transcriptomic profiling of <em>F. graminearum</em> during antagonism with Sh420 indicated downregulation of genes involved in cell wall and membrane synthesis (glucan endo-1,6-beta-glucosidase, <em>Erg1</em>, <em>FgPEX4</em>) and MAP kinases linked to stress responses. Peroxisomal catalase was also suppressed in <em>Fg</em>, weakening its antioxidant defense capacity. <em>Fbp1</em> (growth and virulence), phosphoenolpyruvate synthase (<em>PpsA</em>) and <em>TRI5</em> and <em>TRI10</em> (DON biosynthesis and regulation) were likewise downregulated, the repression of <em>TRI5</em>, <em>PpsA</em>, <em>TRI10</em> and <em>Erg1</em> being statistically significant (|log2FoldChange| &gt; 1, P &lt; 0.05), confirmed by qRT-PCR. In conclusion, <em>B. siamensis</em> Sh420 shows strong potential as a biocontrol agent against <em>Fg</em> and DON contamination, while promoting plant growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148997025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postharvest quality and fungicide residue quantification (LC-MS) in ‘Gala’ apples treated with zein-based nanocapsules containing essential oils and Bacillus spp. based biofungicides","authors":"Cristina Rosa Rosar,&nbsp;Diana Carolina Lima Freitas,&nbsp;Michael Ramos Nunes,&nbsp;Cleonice Gonçalves da Rosa,&nbsp;Leonardo Araujo,&nbsp;Lenita Agostinetto","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The apple (<em>Malus domestica</em> Borkh) is subject to postharvest losses. Apple scab (<em>Venturia inaequalis</em>) throughout crop cycle can interfere with postharvest fruit quality, while chemical control with fungicides compromise food safety. This study aimed to evaluate effect of essential oil (EO) nanocapsules and <em>Bacillus</em> spp.-based biofungicides on apple postharvest quality and to quantify fungicide residues. Nanocapsules showed mean sizes of 192.6 ± 3.1 nm (NANO-EOO) and 210.13 ± 2.8 nm (NANO-EOE), with homogeneous distribution (PDI ≈ 0.120 ± 0.04) and high electrophoretic stability, indicated by zeta potential values of 40.5 ± 0.8 and 38.2 ± 2.0. Field treatments included Nano-EOO, Nano-EOE, <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> (BAM1 and BAM2), <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (BSU), and chemical control (Control-NT). After six sprayings, fruits were evaluated for physicochemical and biochemical parameters and fungicide residues. No statistical differences were observed in fruit weight and diameter; however, Nano-EOO showed highest averages (44.84 cm; 391.75 g). Nano-EOE resulted in greater pulp firmness and lower starch content. Epidermis coloration varied among treatments (L* ≈ 57.3/∼30.9), with higher yellow intensity in Nano-EOO (b* ≈ 36.5). BSU showed lower phenolic content (0.05095 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (∼24.98%), while BAM1 and BAM2 promoted higher values, especially BAM1 (0.17082 mg/g; 75.2%). Soluble solids and titratable acidity didn't differ among treatments, while Nano-EOE reduced starch index (∼8; p &lt; 0.01–0.001), indicating more advanced maturation. LC-MS analyses confirmed absence of detectable residues of difenoconazole (&lt;5 ppb) and mancozeb. These results demonstrate that alternative formulations maintain fruit quality, ensure food safety, and represent alternatives to synthetic fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104273"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abiotic elicitation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cell suspension cultures enhances biomass, isoflavone aglycone production, and antioxidant activity","authors":"Huda Enaya Mahood,&nbsp;Ali Mohammed Jawad,&nbsp;Virginia Sarropoulou,&nbsp;Thalia Tsapraili,&nbsp;Thiresia-Teresa Tzatzani","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An <em>in vitro</em> cell suspension culture system for cowpea (<em>Vigna unguiculata</em> L.) was developed to optimize pharmaceutically valuable total isoflavones and aglycone compounds (daidzein, genistein, glycitein) via HPLC profiling. Evaluated metrics included net fresh weight changes, proportional growth index, total biomass expansion fold change, post-harvest dry weight percentage, and daily volumetric biomass productivity. Kinetic parameters comprised maximum and exponential specific growth rates, minimum and exponential doubling times, area under the growth curve, mean standing biomass, and growth phases (lag, exponential, deceleration, stationary, decline). Day 18 was optimal for administering six abiotic elicitors: jasmonic acid (JA)/salicylic acid (SA) (50−250 μM), L-proline (25−100 mg L⁻¹), sorbitol/mannitol (5−50 g L⁻¹), and silver nitrate (AgNO₃; 5−40 μM). JA proved most effective; 100 μM maximized biomass and productivity, yielding 3776 mg L⁻¹ of total isoflavones, while 150 μM enhanced intracellular accumulation and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). SA favored growth at 100 μM but boosted metabolites at 150 μM. L-proline at 50 mg L⁻¹ balanced growth and metabolite production. Osmotic agents supported biomass at 5 g L⁻¹ and enhanced accumulation at 10 g L⁻¹, with glycitein peaking under 25 g L⁻¹ mannitol. AgNO₃ optimized biomass at 5 μM, whereas 10–20 μM improved metabolite levels and FRAP. Multivariate analyses (Pearson correlation, Hierarchical Cluster, Principal Component) identified two distinct functional modules: a biomass–productivity module and a metabolic content–antioxidant activity module, highlighting a physiological trade-off between biomass yield and intracellular concentration. Ultimately, 100 μM JA offers an efficient, scalable platform for sustainable cowpea isoflavone manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alleviation of boron toxicity on lettuce through the green-synthesized Fe3O4NPs application in hydroponic cultures","authors":"Cristopher Low P,&nbsp;Erico R. Carmona,&nbsp;Lucas Patricio Hernández-Saravia,&nbsp;Josefa Domenech,&nbsp;Ricard Marcos,&nbsp;José Delatorre-Herrera,&nbsp;José Delatorre-Castillo,&nbsp;Aliro Villacorta,&nbsp;Carolina Navea A,&nbsp;Aixa González","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient that improves plant growth, development, and performance, but it can be toxic to crops at high concentrations. Recent studies indicate that applying iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) to plants can improve various plant yields and resistance to metalloid stress. FeNPs can modulate the toxic effects of metalloids through FeNP-induced antioxidant induction and downregulation of metal transporters, thereby reducing ROS generation and oxidative damage. In the present study, magnetite (Fe₃O₄) NPs were synthesized via a green method, and the mitigation of B toxicity was investigated using combined treatments of Fe-based NPs and B in hydroponic lettuce cultures. The results showed improved plant performance with Fe₃O₄NPs (10 mg L⁻¹), including increases in chlorophyll content (22%) and fresh weight (66%) and a reduction in oxidative stress (66%). The leaf's photosynthetic rate and Fe fortification also significantly increased in response to the combined treatments. Applying Fe₃O₄NPs as an additive to hydroponic media can reduce and modulate B toxicity in lettuce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148938514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process engineered production of low molecular weight curdlan from Bacillus paramycoides and its validated bioactivity in accelerated wound repair","authors":"Renju Raju,&nbsp;Dhamodhar Prakash","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curdlan, a high-molecular-weight exopolysaccharide with wide-ranging applications, is produced by <em>Agrobacterium</em> and <em>Alcaligenes</em> species. Curdlan and its derivatives obtained by acid hydrolysis exhibit enhanced solubility and biological activities. In this study, <em>Bacillus paramycoides</em> was explored as a novel source for the production of low molecular weight curdlan. Culture conditions were statistically optimized by identification of critical factors such as pH, carbon concentration, and fermentation duration using Taguchi L8 design. Central composite design confirmed nonlinear effects of pH² and duration², and a high fit (R² &gt; 0.99) supported the model reliability with enhanced yield to 7.2 g/L. Among the evaluated machine-learning algorithms, the Support Vector Machine exhibited the highest predictive performance (R² = 0.946) and identified process conditions consistent with central composite design. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography analyses confirmed the identity as curdlan with a low molecular weight (Mw ≈ 12.4 kDa). High-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated the monosaccharide composition of the exopolysaccharide. Field emission scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis highlighted the morphological uniformity and thermal stability of curdlan. Cytocompatibility assays with 3T3 L1 fibroblasts demonstrated &gt;98% cell viability with proliferation. Animal studies showed enhanced fibroblast migration and collagen deposition with accelerated wound healing. Therefore, the use of <em>B. paramycoides</em> not only expands the microbial repertoire for curdlan biosynthesis but also offers a scalable and sustainable route for producing low molecular weight curdlan with promising wound-healing efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104258"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148997037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivation of Pleurotus florida on lignocellulosic agro-residues and assessment of lignocellulosic biodegradation for potential valorisation of spent Mushroom substrate","authors":"Hunmily Hansepi,&nbsp;Ajanita Mazumdar,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar Kalita,&nbsp;Riyasmita Medhi,&nbsp;Simran Barua,&nbsp;Sharmistha Deb","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient biodegradation and valorisation of lignocellulosic agro-residues are essential for sustainable waste management and circular bioeconomy development. This study evaluated the biodegradation potential of <em>Pleurotus florida</em> cultivated on mustard seed husk (MSH), banana leaves (BL), coconut coir (CC) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) in comparison with conventional paddy straw (PS). Biodegradation efficiency, structural transformation and nutrient bioconversion were investigated using biochemical analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Among all substrates, MSH supported the highest mushroom yield (673.59 ± 1.17 g kg⁻¹ dry substrate), biological efficiency (67.36%) and production rate (1.50% day⁻¹). Lignocellulosic compositional analysis, together with FTIR and XRD, suggested greater lignin and hemicellulose degradation, reduced cellulose crystallinity and alterations in functional groups in MSH compared with the other substrates, consistent with enhanced fungal-mediated structural modification of the lignocellulosic matrix. FTIR analysis indicated oxidative modification of lignin-associated bonds, while XRD revealed disruption of cellulose crystalline regions following fungal colonization. Mushrooms cultivated on MSH also exhibited enhanced protein content (62.54 ± 0.34 g 100 g⁻¹) and antioxidant activity, indicating efficient substrate-to-biomass conversion. ICP-MS profiling demonstrated selective mineral uptake with effective exclusion of toxic elements, supporting food safety and substrate detoxification potential. The resulting spent mushroom substrate showed improved nutritional characteristics and biodegraded fibre composition, suggesting potential for further evaluation in applications such as soil amendment and livestock feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104254"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green manure as a cleaner, sustainable strategy to enhance biomass and compounds of saw thistle (Sonchus oleraceus L.)","authors":"Jeremias José Ferreira Leite,&nbsp;Rafael Marlon Alves de Assis,&nbsp;Rogério Suzana de Freitas Micaela,&nbsp;João Pedro Miranda Rocha,&nbsp;Simony Carvalho Mendonça,&nbsp;Felipe Campos Figueiredo,&nbsp;Andressa Giovannini Costa,&nbsp;Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci,&nbsp;José Eduardo Brasil Pereira Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of green manure (GM) represents a cleaner and sustainable approach to agricultural production. This practice can reduce the environmental and ecological impacts of sustainable agricultural development. Sow thistle (<em>Sonchus oleraceus</em>), is a non-conventional edible and medicinal plant that contains phenolic compounds and chicoric acid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic responses of <em>S. oleraceus</em> to varying doses of GM (<em>Crotalaria juncea</em>) in terms of photosynthetic pigment, phenolic compound, total flavone and flavonol content, and chicoric acid. The study was conducted in pots under field conditions over two growing seasons, using five treatments: no fertilization (control) and 30, 60, 90, and 120 t/ha of Crotalaria. Fifty days after crop, we evaluated leaf area, the leaves number, branches, stem diameter, and the dry weight of the stem, leaves, and roots, also, photosynthetic pigments, phenolic, flavonoids, and chicoric acid. Applying GM increased biomass growth in <em>S. oleraceus</em>. GM at 120 t/ha increased total dry weight by approximately 200% and 50% compared with the unfertilized control in the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Plants fertilized with GM showed higher levels of photosynthetic pigments. Regarding secondary metabolism, treatment without GM resulted in more significant accumulations of phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and chicoric acid. These results emphasize the agronomic effectiveness of GM as a valuable and recommended agricultural practice for <em>S. oleraceus</em>. Some benefits of this technique are improved soil fertility. It is hoped that this study can contribute to reducing environmental impact without implying great costs for the producer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104260"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar vermicompost extract and nitroxin biofertilizer influence grain yield, lodging incidence, and seed essential oil characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): A two-year field study in Iran","authors":"Fatemeh Nejatzadeh Barandozi","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coriander (<em>Coriandrum sativum</em> L.) is a high-value seed spice and medicinal plant, yet its production in semi-arid regions is constrained by low soil fertility and crop lodging. A two-year field experiment (2024–2025) was conducted in Khoy, Iran, to evaluate the effects of foliar-applied vermicompost extract (0, 3000, 6000, and 12,000 ppm) and Nitroxin biofertilizer seed inoculation (with and without) on growth, yield, lodging incidence, and seed essential oil of coriander. Treatments were arranged as a 4 × 2 factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications, and data from the two seasons were analysed jointly with year included in the model; year × treatment interactions were [not significant for any trait], so treatment responses were consistent across seasons. Vermicompost extract at 6000 ppm produced the greatest root length (12.21–12.50 cm), 1000-grain weight (1.50–1.55 g), and above-ground biomass (4161–4221 kg ha⁻¹) in 2024 and 2025, respectively, whereas grain yield was highest at 3000 ppm (257.0–262.1 kg ha⁻¹), indicating that the optimum concentration differed among traits. Both inputs reduced the lodging index, from 8.50 to 9.20% in the untreated control to 4.87–4.93% at 12,000 ppm vermicompost extract. Harvest index and essential oil content (2.11–2.35%) were not significantly affected by the treatments, and no significant vermicompost × Nitroxin interaction was detected for any trait. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry of the seed oil identified 33 constituents (99.67–99.78% of the oil), dominated by linalool (73.26–74.10%), camphor (4.57–5.02%), and γ-terpinene (3.98–4.33%). Under the low-input conditions of this study, foliar vermicompost extract at 3000–6000 ppm improved grain yield and biomass and reduced lodging incidence of coriander without altering essential oil content, and the seed oil retained a linalool-rich composition suitable for organic production systems in semi-arid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}