Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of bacterial polygalacturonase production in apple pomace hydrolysate medium","authors":"Berfin Özışık ,&nbsp;Deniz Cekmecelioglu","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food and agricultural industries generate large amounts of waste during handling and processing. If not managed properly, this can overwhelm landfills and result in loss of valuable bioactive materials. Thus, this study aims at valorization of apple pomace for polygalacturonase (PGase) production. Specifically, the study describes Box-Behnken optimization of pectin addition along with its concentration and addition time, and fermentation duration to improve secretion of PGase enzyme by <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> NRRL B-4219. The results revealed significant enhancements in PGase production with a peak enzyme activity of 12.26 U/mL when 1 g/L of pectin was fed on the second day of a three-day fermentation. The obtained PGase activity was noted as the highest among our studies so far. Thus, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> NRRL B-4219 was proven to require additional pectin to induce PGase secretion when grown in apple pomace hydrolysate medium. The study also demonstrates the ability of apple pomace to serve as an economical and sustainable resource for PGase production. By utilizing the apple pomace, the food industry can contribute to both reducing waste and creating valuable products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical and structural changes of cassava starch modified by pyrodextrinization with glacial acetic acid as catalyst","authors":"Erivan de Souza Oliveira ,&nbsp;Mighay Lovera ,&nbsp;Alex Altair Costa Machado ,&nbsp;Lorena Maria Freire Sampaio ,&nbsp;Kelvi Wilson Evaristo Miranda ,&nbsp;Angelo Roncalli Alves e Silva ,&nbsp;Maria do Socorro Rocha Bastos ,&nbsp;Ana Cristina de Oliveira Monteiro Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article aimed to produce pyrodextrins from cassava starch (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> C.) using glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and to analyze the effects of the modification on the physicochemical and structural properties. The central composite rotational design (CCRD) was carried out, using an α = ± 1.68 to generate 19 total trials (8 factorial points, 6 axial points, and 5 repetitions in the central point) to evaluate the effects of acid concentration (0.58–6.70 g acid/kg starch on a dry basis), temperature (100–200 °C) and incubation time (29–331 min) on pyrodextrins. Pyroconversion was carried out by spraying the acid solution on the starch powder. The response variables were available starch (AS) content and color difference (Δ<em>E</em>) index. Morphological, structural, thermal, rheological, and physical characterization analyses were then carried out. Pyroconversion reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the AS content between 4.4ー42.2 % with minor changes in the Δ<em>E</em> index, except for Pyrodextrin-12, prepared with 3.64 g/kg heated at 200 °C for 180 min, the least digestible and darkest pyrodextrin. Pyrodextrins 8 and 12 were cream-yellow colored, water-soluble and low viscous materials. IR and NMR spectra of pyrodextrins showed a reduction in the presence of the α(1,4) glycosidic bond typical of starch, indicating a change in its chemical structure. CH₃COOH proved to be an efficient acid for reducing the in vitro digestibility of cassava starch by pyroconversion, without drastically changing the color of pyrodextrin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Column adsorption studies on carbazole removal using β-cyclodextrin-functionalized activated rice hull biochar","authors":"Prabu Rajandran ,&nbsp;Nasratun Masngut ,&nbsp;Nor Hasmaliana Abdul Manas ,&nbsp;Nur Izyan Wan Azelee ,&nbsp;Siti Fatimah Zaharah Mohd Fuzi ,&nbsp;Mohamad Abd Hadi Bunyamin","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, β-cyclodextrin-functionalized activated rice hull biochar (CD-ARHB) has emerged as a promising adsorbent for aromatic compounds, owing to the host–guest interactions facilitated by the hydrophobic cavity of β-cyclodextrin. However, its potential for removing carbazole (CAR), a persistent aromatic pollutant, remains largely unexplored. This study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the effectiveness of CD-ARHB in removing CAR from aqueous environments. For this purpose, CD-ARHB was first synthesized through hydrochloric acid activation of rice hull biochar, followed by β-cyclodextrin functionalization. The resulting material was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, elemental analyzer, and gas sorption analyzer, which confirmed successful activation and functionalization. After characterization, batch adsorption experimental data were modeled to assess the isotherm and kinetic behavior, revealing multilayer adsorption governed by chemisorption. Subsequently, a two-stage optimization process comprising the one-factor-at-a-time method and response surface methodology was employed to maximize the adsorption performance of CD-ARHB for CAR in a continuous adsorption system. Under the optimal conditions of CD-ARHB dosage of 2.7 g, feed flow rate of 1.9 mL/min, and influent CAR dosage of 18 mg/L, CD-ARHB exhibited a remarkable adsorption capacity of 26.37 mg/g. Furthermore, desorption studies using dichloromethane revealed good regeneration potential, with over 50 % of the adsorption capacity retained after three cycles. These findings underscore the efficacy and reusability of CD-ARHB, highlighting its promise for environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of a baby clam (Corbiculidae sp.) meat protein hydrolysate with calcium-binding activity, evaluation of its characteristics, and identification of a novel calcium-binding hexapeptide (LPLTII) applicable as a calcium chelator","authors":"Tam Dinh Le Vo ,&nbsp;Hung Hoa Lam ,&nbsp;Hanh Thi Hong Tran ,&nbsp;Du Huy Nguyen ,&nbsp;Bao Chi Vo","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our research focused on generating a protein hydrolysate from baby clam (<em>Corbiculidae</em> sp.) meat. The resulting product had a hydrolysis degree (DH) of 85.54 ± 2.25 % and demonstrated a calcium-binding capacity (CaBC) of 1085.82 ± 10.41 μg Ca²⁺/g protein. A comprehensive analysis of the hydrolysate was conducted, examining its amino acid profile, functional properties (including solubility, heat resistance, foaming and emulsifying capabilities, and liquid retention characteristics), and bioactivity stability across various pH levels and temperatures. The hydrolysate was then fractionated using centrifugal devices with membranes of different molecular weight cut-offs (30, 10, 3, and 1 kDa). Among the five resulting peptide fractions, the &lt;1 kDa fraction showed the highest CaBC at 4594.87 ± 61.31 μg Ca²⁺/g protein. This fraction underwent tandem mass spectrometry for peptide sequencing. The analysis identified a calcium-binding peptide (668.45 Da) and its amino acid sequence of Leucine-Proline-Leucine-Threonine-Isoleucine-Isoleucine (LPLTII). <em>In silico</em> methods suggested this peptide is neither toxic nor allergenic. Molecular docking simulations indicated that Thr₄ and Leu₃ are the primary calcium-binding sites on the peptide. The calcium binding hydrolysate and its fractions could be used as calcium binders, added in functional food or nutraceutical. Besides, they could be fortified into food products to enrich required amino acids. They could be used for food quality enhancement as well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of geometry parameters of packed-bed reactor on continuous orange juice clarification using pectinase immobilized on genipin-activated chitosan beads","authors":"Vinícius Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Eli Emanuel Esparza-Flores ,&nbsp;Carolina Pedroso Partichelli ,&nbsp;Vitor Manfroi ,&nbsp;Rafael C. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated five distinct packed-bed reactors for orange juice clarification using pectinase immobilized in genipin-activated chitosan beads. The tested reactors were divided into two groups for observation: those with the same volume (40 mL – varying radius and height) and those with the same radius (0.80 cm – varying height and consequently the volume). Flow tests revealed performance disparities in equal-volume reactors, attributed to uneven substrate distribution due to geometric parameters, highlighting that substrate accumulation occurs unevenly in reactors with limited surface area per volume unit. Reactors with smaller radii exhibited 45 % lower clarification efficiency, suggesting that reduced surface area and flow path limitations create zones of higher substrate concentration. No differences were observed in reactors with the same radius. Notably, stability trials demonstrated sustained activity, maintaining over 50 % of the initial levels even after 100 h. However, fruit juice clarification stability displayed particle accumulation, formation of dead zones within the reactor, and clogging, hindering juice flow completely. A promising solution was altering pump orientation, redirecting juice flow (“up-down”), reducing deposition, and extending testing to 80 h until clarification ceased. Reactor design emerged as pivotal in continuous juice clarification within packed-bed systems. Particle accumulation within the reactor substantially hampered performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the regulatory role of seasonal changes in soil and microbial communities on Codonopsis pilosula physiology","authors":"Ning Zhu ,&nbsp;Yumeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Mingjun Yang ,&nbsp;Feifan Leng ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Lv ,&nbsp;Jixiang Chen ,&nbsp;Wen Luo ,&nbsp;Yonggang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seasonal variations significantly shape soil-microbe-plant interactions, thereby influencing plant growth and metabolic adaptations. Understanding these dynamics is crucial, particularly for medicinal plants like <em>Codonopsis pilosula</em>. This study explored the seasonal links between soil physicochemical properties, <em>C. pilosula</em> physiological traits, and its root-associated microbiome (bacteria via 16S rRNA, fungi via ITS) across four seasons. Distinct seasonal patterns emerged: the growth rate of roots (length and diameter) was significantly higher in autumn and winter, whereas sugar content was highest in spring and summer. Microbial diversity also shifted seasonally; endophytic bacterial diversity was greater in autumn/winter, while rhizosphere fungal diversity peaked in spring/summer. Correlation analyses revealed that key soil properties (e.g., pH, EC, OM), likely driven by seasonal climate shifts, significantly structured the root microbiome and influenced plant physiology. Specifically, certain endophytic bacteria (<em>Exiguobacterium</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Acinetobacter</em>) positively correlated with root growth, while the rhizosphere fungus <em>Mortierella</em> correlated positively with sugar content. These findings suggest a seasonal resource allocation strategy in <em>C. pilosula</em>: spring/summer conditions favor sugar accumulation, potentially linked to <em>Mortierella</em> activity, whereas autumn/winter conditions promote accelerated root development, possibly mediated by beneficial endophytic bacteria. Overall, this research elucidates the adaptive physiological strategies of <em>C. pilosula</em> driven by seasonal variations in the soil-microbiome environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of folate-producing nukadoko by artificial inoculation and investigation of their microbial community","authors":"Xiaochen Yu,&nbsp;Wenjuan Zhang,&nbsp;Liying Xin,&nbsp;Su Xu,&nbsp;Xiangchen Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to increase folate in the nukadoko, the present study was conducted to optimise the fermentation process by artificial inoculation of folate-producing strains of <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> Z3 and <em>Pichia myanmarensis</em> J2, and to systematically study the dynamic evolution of microbial communities and their correlation with the physicochemical indexes in the fermentation process. The optimised conditions were as follows: 1:2 (v/v) ratio of <em>Pichia myanmarensis</em> J2 to <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> Z3, 6 % inoculum size, 9 % brine concentration, bed thickness of 5–7 cm, fermentation time of 60 days, and addition of 0.1 % ascorbic acid (Vc). Under these optimised conditions, the addition of Vc effectively solved the problem of low folate accumulation rate caused by acidic conditions in the traditional fermentation process. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity of the bacterial community in the nukadoko was higher than that of the fungal community. At the genus level of the bacterial community, <em>Pantoea</em> and <em>Methylobacterium</em> were the dominant genera in the early stage of fermentation (Day0-Day15), and <em>Lactobacillus</em> became the dominant group from Day30 to Day60 with the extension of fermentation time. In contrast, <em>Pichia</em> was always the dominant genus in the fungal community. This study provides a new idea for the development of folate-containing nukadoko, and also lays a preliminary foundation for the preparation of folate-rich nukazuke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of biopolymers by bacterial isolates from a plant biomass-degrading consortium","authors":"Tatiane Fernanda Leonel ,&nbsp;Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane ,&nbsp;Guilherme Carvalho Caires ,&nbsp;Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos ,&nbsp;Luiz Alberto Colnago ,&nbsp;Lucia Maria Carareto-Alves","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103762","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103762","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the potential of bacterial isolates from a plant biomass-degrading consortium for biopolymer production with the use of agroindustrial residues as carbon sources. The investigation focused on the synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS), bacterial cellulose (BC), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Notably, the isolates identified as <em>Agrobacterium</em> sp. and <em>Cohnella</em> sp. successfully produced BC and EPS from lignocellulosic residues. Although PHB production was not detected under the tested conditions, this outcome is likely related to the specific cultivation parameters and metabolic preferences of the isolates. HPLC and FTIR analysis revealed that the produced heteropolysaccharides predominantly consisted of glucose, galactose, and mannose, with low acetate content. The EPS exhibited exceptional emulsification properties, with indices exceeding 70 % when tested with hydrocarbons and used frying oil, both of which are classified as environmental pollutants. These findings highlight the dual benefits of utilizing agro-industrial residues for biopolymer production: addressing waste disposal issues while generating value-added, eco-friendly materials. This study underscores the potential of microbial biopolymer synthesis as a sustainable strategy for waste valorization and industrial innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103762"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome mining of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZyme) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) synthesis by Bacillus velezensis (WA11) directly from lignocellulosic biomass-based substrate","authors":"Rakeshkumar Yadav ,&nbsp;Pranay Awathare ,&nbsp;Pushkar Shitut ,&nbsp;Vaishnavi Mahajan ,&nbsp;Pranav Nair ,&nbsp;Mahesh Dharne","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA/PGA), a non-toxic and biodegradable polymer with additional diverse properties such as higher heat resistance and water retention, is widely implicated in myriad applications, including agricultural and food processing, medical treatments, and cosmetics. The industrial bio-based production of γ-PGA is primarily hindered by the potential of microbial strains and substrate costs, which are attributed primarily to the carbon sources. The present study is a proof-of-concept study, wherein a bacterial isolate, <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> WA11 strain, was employed for the production of γ-PGA from sugarcane bagasse (lignocellulosic biomass) without any pretreatment or pre-processing. The CAZyme annotation identified several enzyme families involved in metabolizing complex polysaccharides, including cellulose, xylan, and lignin. We obtained 104.3 g/L γ-PGA production with a productivity of 1.09 g/L/h in the optimized synthetic medium containing maltose as a carbon source, 2.9-fold higher than the earlier study using maltose as a carbon source. Further, substituting maltose with untreated sugarcane bagasse resulted in 12 g/L of γ-PGA, higher than most of the reported studies utilizing pretreated lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) lysates for producing γ-PGA. The present study demonstrates the production of γ-PGA using lignocellulosic biomass without pretreatment, providing a chemical-free, sustainable avenue for directly utilizing untreated lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) to produce expensive polymers by employing potential bacterial strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial efficacy of CS-SeNPs against pathogens in aquaculture: A potential trade-off with fish gut health?","authors":"Sowmiya Prasad ,&nbsp;Tharmathass Stalin Dhas ,&nbsp;Sherlin John ,&nbsp;Prathas Selvaraj ,&nbsp;J. Francis Borgio ,&nbsp;Sayed AbdulAzeez ,&nbsp;Inbakandan Dhinakarasamy ,&nbsp;Anandakumar Natarajan ,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar Varadharajan ,&nbsp;Karthick Velu ,&nbsp;C.M. Vineeth Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic pathogens pose a major challenge to the aquaculture industry, leading to significant economic losses. Selenium-based nanoparticles (SeNPs) are emerging as effective antimicrobials, but their impact on beneficial fish microbiota remains underexplored. This study evaluates the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of chitosan–selenium nanoparticles (CS-SeNPs) against aquatic pathogens and fish gut bacteria. CS-SeNPs were synthesized by heat-assisted synthesis and characterized using various spectroscopic techniques (UV–Vis, FTIR, DLS, XRD, and Raman Spectroscopy), Antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects were tested against <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> and <em>Shewanella algae</em> (aquaculture wastewater isolates) and <em>Brachybacterium</em> sp. and <em>Mammalicoccus sciuri</em> (fish gut isolates). Cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation and ROS generation assays were performed across a concentration gradient (up to 1000 μg/mL) to evaluate dose-dependent responses. CS-SeNPs showed Amax at 250 nm, indicating the formation of CS-SeNPs. XRD spectrum revealed amorphous nature of CS-SeNPs and a Raman analysis peak at 251 cm⁻¹, indicated presence of localized monoclinic Se and Se₈. The average particle size was 164 nm. CS-SeNPs showed maximum cytotoxicity of 73.65 % (<em>V. cholerae</em>), 99.06 % (<em>S. algae</em>), 75.88 % (<em>Brachybacterium</em> sp.), and 89.0 % (<em>M. sciuri</em>). Corresponding lipid peroxidation values were 73.7 %, 99.06 %, 69.68 %, and 74.90 %, respectively, suggesting ROS-mediated cell damage. ROS production was estimated by DCFH-DA assay and confirmed elevated ROS levels. CS-SeNPs exhibited potent antimicrobial activity via oxidative stress mechanisms but also significantly affected beneficial gut bacteria. These findings highlight the need for cautious application of CS-SeNPs in aquaculture to prevent unintended microbiome disruption and ensure sustainable disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145020390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}