Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Biological-control of fungi and pink bollworm (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) by bacteria isolated from the caterpillars carcasses","authors":"Vishal L. Handa,&nbsp;Bhoomi N. Patel,&nbsp;Ramesh K. Kothari,&nbsp;B.R.M. Vyas","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lepidopteran insects, such as <em>Spodoptera</em> spp. and <em>Pectinophora gossypiella</em>, are major agricultural pests worldwide. This study focused on bacterial strains isolated from Lepidopteran larval carcasses, belonging to <em>Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Providencia, Proteus, Enterococcus, Lysinibacillus,</em> and <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> FCC7 and FCC25 caused 83 % larval mortality in <em>Pec. gossypiella</em>, and their pathogenicity was proven by Koch's postulates. <em>Lysinibacillus fusiformis</em> FCC12 and <em>P. aeruginosa</em> suppressed <em>Aspergillus niger</em> growth by 90 %, while <em>Bacillus</em> strains FCC22, FCC23, and FCC30 altered <em>Fusarium solani</em> mycelial structure. Additionally, these isolates possessed plant growth-promoting traits. <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> FCC28 and <em>K. quasipneumoniae</em> SL17 produced 174 mg L⁻¹ and 133 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), respectively, after 80 h, while <em>Providencia</em> SL11 produced 83 mg L⁻¹ IAA within 20 h. In <em>Klebsiella</em> spp., IAA production began in the late log phase, remained elevated until the late stationary phase, and showed a positive correlation with pH. In contrast, <em>Providencia</em> SL11 exhibited growth-associated IAA production during the late log to early stationary phase, showing an inverse correlation with pH. 20 out of 28 isolates solubilized phosphate, with <em>Bacillus</em> FCC22 showing a phosphate solubilization index of 20. <em>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae</em> SL17 solubilized 42 mg L⁻¹ phosphate within 24 h and continued solubilization throughout the stationary phase, accompanied by a significant drop in pH from 6.5 to 4.5. The pH and solubilized phosphate concentration were inversely correlated with titratable acidity. These findings highlight the dual role of insect-associated bacteria in biocontrol and plant growth promotion. Further studies are needed to identify active compounds and develop cost-effective microbial formulations for sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saponin-enriched tea tree essential oil nanoemulsion for extending the shelf life of Areca bananas","authors":"Long Phuoc Lieu ,&nbsp;Le Minh Dat Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thi Trinh To ,&nbsp;Thi Khanh Van Pham ,&nbsp;Ngoc Anh Luu ,&nbsp;Gia Man Vu ,&nbsp;Duc Tri Luu ,&nbsp;Dinh Quan Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postharvest losses of bananas remain a major concern, particularly in tropical regions, where rapid microbial spoilage and quality deterioration severely limit marketability and consumer acceptance. Conventional preservation methods often rely on synthetic chemicals, raising concerns about food safety and sustainability. However, natural bioactive compounds such as tea tree essential oil (TTEO) are limited in direct application due to their poor solubility and stability. To address this gap, the present study developed a stable nanoemulsion of TTEO enriched with saponin (TTEO-Saponin) and evaluated its efficacy in preserving the postharvest quality of <em>Musa × paradisiaca</em> L. var. Areca bananas under ambient storage conditions. The optimized TTEO-Saponin nanoemulsion exhibited a droplet size of 12.23 ± 0.586 nm, a low PDI (0.227 ± 0.070), and a uniform spherical morphology. Antimicrobial assays showed inhibition zones of 12.5 ± 0.2 mm against <em>Escherichia coli</em> and 12.0 ± 0.2 mm against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, with MIC values of 150 μg/mL and 37.5 μg/mL, respectively. Bananas treated with TTEO-Saponin displayed significantly lower weight loss, reduced decay, and suppressed mold growth, extending shelf life by up to 9 days compared with untreated controls. Moreover, antioxidant capacity was maintained throughout storage, contributing to overall fruit quality preservation. These findings demonstrate the novelty and effectiveness of saponin-enriched TTEO nanoemulsions as a natural, eco-friendly strategy for extending banana shelf life and reducing postharvest losses, offering practical potential for sustainable fruit preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103778"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated acid-thermal and enzymatic hydrolysis of hardwood residues with anaerobic digestion: Effects on carbohydrate and biomethane recovery","authors":"Armineh Azizi,&nbsp;Ehssan H. Koupaie","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canada has one of the world's largest forestry industries, which generates substantial amounts of woody residues. The hardwood residues are often underutilized or disposed of at low value, creating both environmental and management challenges. This study investigates the enhancement of carbohydrate solubilization and biomethane recovery from two Canadian hardwood residues, poplar and maple, using combined acid-thermal pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis followed by anaerobic digestion (AD). The integrated pretreatment approach significantly improved carbohydrate solubilization and subsequent methane yields. Maximum carbohydrate recovery after acid-thermal pretreatment reached 73 % for poplar and 63 % for maple. With the addition of enzymatic hydrolysis at the acid-thermal pretreatment scenario of 170 °C, carbohydrate recovery further increased to 80 % and 70 %, respectively. As a result, biomethane yields increased up to 335 mL CH₄/g COD_added, with a maximum yield of 313 mL CH₄/g initial wood. Kinetic analysis revealed that the modified Gompertz model provided the best description of the biomethane production rate. Optimal conditions generally included lower solid/liquid ratios (5 %) and lower acid concentrations (0.5 %) at moderate temperatures (170 °C), which favored fermentable sugar production. However, higher temperatures (200 °C), while enhancing carbohydrate release, reduced subsequent AD performance, likely due to the generation of inhibitory or recalcitrant compounds. These findings demonstrate that combining pretreatment improves hardwood residue carbohydrate recovery and subsequent biomethane production. Additionally, this study provides a sustainable approach to managing abundant forestry waste streams, contributing to renewable energy generation and greenhouse gas reduction in Canada.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103775"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Articulating the multifaceted application of bioactive compound decorated silver/gold nanoparticles: Current and future prospective","authors":"Pooja V. Nagime ,&nbsp;Vaishali S. Chandak ,&nbsp;Shreya Kotnala ,&nbsp;Mukesh Pandey ,&nbsp;Titilope John Jayeoye ,&nbsp;Sheeba Shafi ,&nbsp;Subhash Chandra ,&nbsp;Shradhanjali Singh ,&nbsp;Vijay R. Chidrawar ,&nbsp;Sudarshan Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advent of noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs), as feasible options for a variety of biological characteristics, environmental, and industrial applications is the consequence of progress in nanotechnology. The functionalization of NPs with bioactive compounds (BC) originating from plant extracts, including polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and other phytochemicals, has attracted considerable interest due to their improved biocompatibility, stability, and multifunctional features. This review offers a thorough consideration of current advancements in the synthesis, depiction, and application of BC-decorated AgNPs and AuNPs. Specific focus has been given to green synthetic techniques utilizing environmentally benign reducing and stabilizing chemicals that ensure sustainable manufacturing while simultaneously conferring therapeutic properties to the NPs. The incorporation of natural products such curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, catechins, kaempferol, and EGCG substantially enhances the antibacterial and anticancer properties of MNPs. Moreover, the review provides a brief insight into such NPs characterization methods to clarify the structural and functional properties of these nanomaterials. Additionally, this review highlights the revolutionary potential of BC-functionalized AgNPs/AuNPs for advancing nanomedicine and sustainable nanotechnology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103776"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized flavonoid-enriched extract from kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) promotes cutaneous wound healing in non-diabetic and diabetic model of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) using non-invasive technique","authors":"Raghad Yousef Ali Aljawarneh ,&nbsp;Mohamad Shazeli Che Zain ,&nbsp;Fauziahanim Zakaria","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the wound healing potential of a standardized flavonoid-enriched extract from kenaf (<em>Hibiscus cannabinus</em> L.) in both non-diabetic and diabetic adult zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>). Flavonoids were extracted from kenaf wastes including leaves, flowers, and bulbs using ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with a natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES), followed by flavonoid enrichment via macroporous adsorption resin chromatography to obtain the kenaf flavonoid-enriched extract (KFEE). LC/Q-TOF-MS analysis identified 18 compounds, including flavonoid glycosides (kaempferol, apigenin, quercetin, and rutin), phenolic acids and fatty acids. KFEE demonstrated strong radical scavenging capacity and significantly enhanced anti-inflammatory activity, outperforming both the crude extract (p &lt; 0.05) and the reference anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium (p &lt; 0.01). Acute toxicity testing revealed that KFEE exhibited greater dose-dependent toxicity, with an LC₅₀ of 71.04 mg/L compared to 267.20 mg/L for the crude extract. Wound healing efficacy assessed over 30 days showed that KFEE at 25 and 6.25 mg/L significantly accelerated wound closure in both non-diabetic and diabetic zebrafish followed by positive control, allantoin. At 25 mg/L, KFEE achieved up to 95 % closure in non-diabetic and 80 % in diabetic groups by day 30, improving healing rates by 1.18-fold and 1.34-fold over negative controls, respectively. This enhanced efficacy under diabetic conditions suggests that KFEE may target impaired healing mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Overall, these findings highlight KFEE's therapeutic potential in promoting cutaneous wound repair, especially in diabetes-impaired healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of bacterial polygalacturonase production in apple pomace hydrolysate medium","authors":"Berfin Özışık ,&nbsp;Deniz Cekmecelioglu","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food and agricultural industries generate large amounts of waste during handling and processing. If not managed properly, this can overwhelm landfills and result in loss of valuable bioactive materials. Thus, this study aims at valorization of apple pomace for polygalacturonase (PGase) production. Specifically, the study describes Box-Behnken optimization of pectin addition along with its concentration and addition time, and fermentation duration to improve secretion of PGase enzyme by <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> NRRL B-4219. The results revealed significant enhancements in PGase production with a peak enzyme activity of 12.26 U/mL when 1 g/L of pectin was fed on the second day of a three-day fermentation. The obtained PGase activity was noted as the highest among our studies so far. Thus, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> NRRL B-4219 was proven to require additional pectin to induce PGase secretion when grown in apple pomace hydrolysate medium. The study also demonstrates the ability of apple pomace to serve as an economical and sustainable resource for PGase production. By utilizing the apple pomace, the food industry can contribute to both reducing waste and creating valuable products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidential neural network and metaheuristic optimization algorithms for sustainable biomass utilization in bioethanol and bio-based chemical production","authors":"Jamilu Usman ,&nbsp;Abdulhayat M. Jibrin ,&nbsp;Muhammad A. Ahmad ,&nbsp;A.G. Usman ,&nbsp;Dahiru Lawal ,&nbsp;M. Amin Mir ,&nbsp;Sani I. Abba ,&nbsp;Isam H. Aljundi","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars is a crucial step in bioethanol production. This study explores the application of advanced machine learning (ML) models, particularly the Evidential Neural Network (ENN), in predicting and reducing sugar yields from Sida cordifolia and Ipomoea repens. The study compares the performance of ENN, Gaussian Process Regression-Bayesian Optimization (GPR-BO), Support Vector Machine-Particle Swarm Optimization (SVM-PSO), and Artificial Neural Network-Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO) using identical input variables, including acid concentration, reaction time, and temperature. The results demonstrate that ENN outperforms all other models with the lowest error, indicating perfect predictive accuracy. ANN-PSO also exhibited strong performance goodness-of-fit, while GPR-BO showed moderate predictive capability. SVM-PSO, however, had the lowest accuracy, with significant deviations from observed values. The findings suggest that ENN, combined with metaheuristic optimization techniques, provides a highly reliable predictive framework for biomass applications by effectively managing data uncertainty through Dempster-Shafer theory. The study highlights reducing sugar yield from <em>Sida cordifolia</em> (RSY-SC) as a more efficient feedstock compared to reducing sugar yield from <em>Ipomoea repens</em> (RSY-IR), based on key performance metrics. Despite the promising results, computational complexity and the need for large-scale experimental validation remain challenges for ENN implementation. Future research should focus on hybrid AI models, real-time AI-powered biorefinery systems, and integration with lifecycle assessments (LCA-TEA) to further optimize bioethanol production. These advancements could contribute to sustainable bioenergy solutions, reducing reliance on fossil fuels while enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and economic feasibility in lignocellulosic biomass conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights and process optimization for comprehensive biovalorization of lignocellulosic waste with microbial consortium","authors":"Shubhada Gad ,&nbsp;Nandini Ajgaonkar ,&nbsp;Hitesh Pawar ,&nbsp;Sonal Ayakar ,&nbsp;Ravindra Adivarekar","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing the significant environmental burden of lignocellulosic waste (LW), this study presented an innovative and sustainable strategy for managing LW, utilizing the high-efficiency microbial consortium MC31, composed of <em>Cellulomonas uda</em> and <em>Pseudomonas citronellolis</em>. Genomic analysis of the consortium members revealed an extensive enzymatic repertoire that provides a mechanistic basis for their robust LW degradation capabilities without the need for chemical pretreatment. By using response surface methodology, the bioconversion process was optimized for rice straw, a model substrate, achieving a 3.78-fold increase in soluble sugar yield and a 1.21-fold increase in waste degradation. The optimal conditions were determined to be 5 % (w/v) substrate loading, 10 % (v/v) inoculum, and 48h of aerobic incubation. This study further demonstrates the applicability of the end-products, as the resulting hydrolysate, rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and citric acid, was successfully repurposed as a microbial growth medium. Additionally, the cellulases present in the hydrolysate were found to be highly stable and active across a wide range of temperatures and pH levels, confirming their industrial relevance. Overall, this work lays a strong foundation by integrating genomic insights with process optimization and end-product utilization, offering a scalable strategy to convert LW into valuable bioresources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103768"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical and structural changes of cassava starch modified by pyrodextrinization with glacial acetic acid as catalyst","authors":"Erivan de Souza Oliveira ,&nbsp;Mighay Lovera ,&nbsp;Alex Altair Costa Machado ,&nbsp;Lorena Maria Freire Sampaio ,&nbsp;Kelvi Wilson Evaristo Miranda ,&nbsp;Angelo Roncalli Alves e Silva ,&nbsp;Maria do Socorro Rocha Bastos ,&nbsp;Ana Cristina de Oliveira Monteiro Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article aimed to produce pyrodextrins from cassava starch (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> C.) using glacial acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and to analyze the effects of the modification on the physicochemical and structural properties. The central composite rotational design (CCRD) was carried out, using an α = ± 1.68 to generate 19 total trials (8 factorial points, 6 axial points, and 5 repetitions in the central point) to evaluate the effects of acid concentration (0.58–6.70 g acid/kg starch on a dry basis), temperature (100–200 °C) and incubation time (29–331 min) on pyrodextrins. Pyroconversion was carried out by spraying the acid solution on the starch powder. The response variables were available starch (AS) content and color difference (Δ<em>E</em>) index. Morphological, structural, thermal, rheological, and physical characterization analyses were then carried out. Pyroconversion reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the AS content between 4.4ー42.2 % with minor changes in the Δ<em>E</em> index, except for Pyrodextrin-12, prepared with 3.64 g/kg heated at 200 °C for 180 min, the least digestible and darkest pyrodextrin. Pyrodextrins 8 and 12 were cream-yellow colored, water-soluble and low viscous materials. IR and NMR spectra of pyrodextrins showed a reduction in the presence of the α(1,4) glycosidic bond typical of starch, indicating a change in its chemical structure. CH₃COOH proved to be an efficient acid for reducing the in vitro digestibility of cassava starch by pyroconversion, without drastically changing the color of pyrodextrin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Column adsorption studies on carbazole removal using β-cyclodextrin-functionalized activated rice hull biochar","authors":"Prabu Rajandran ,&nbsp;Nasratun Masngut ,&nbsp;Nor Hasmaliana Abdul Manas ,&nbsp;Nur Izyan Wan Azelee ,&nbsp;Siti Fatimah Zaharah Mohd Fuzi ,&nbsp;Mohamad Abd Hadi Bunyamin","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, β-cyclodextrin-functionalized activated rice hull biochar (CD-ARHB) has emerged as a promising adsorbent for aromatic compounds, owing to the host–guest interactions facilitated by the hydrophobic cavity of β-cyclodextrin. However, its potential for removing carbazole (CAR), a persistent aromatic pollutant, remains largely unexplored. This study addresses this critical gap by evaluating the effectiveness of CD-ARHB in removing CAR from aqueous environments. For this purpose, CD-ARHB was first synthesized through hydrochloric acid activation of rice hull biochar, followed by β-cyclodextrin functionalization. The resulting material was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyzer, elemental analyzer, and gas sorption analyzer, which confirmed successful activation and functionalization. After characterization, batch adsorption experimental data were modeled to assess the isotherm and kinetic behavior, revealing multilayer adsorption governed by chemisorption. Subsequently, a two-stage optimization process comprising the one-factor-at-a-time method and response surface methodology was employed to maximize the adsorption performance of CD-ARHB for CAR in a continuous adsorption system. Under the optimal conditions of CD-ARHB dosage of 2.7 g, feed flow rate of 1.9 mL/min, and influent CAR dosage of 18 mg/L, CD-ARHB exhibited a remarkable adsorption capacity of 26.37 mg/g. Furthermore, desorption studies using dichloromethane revealed good regeneration potential, with over 50 % of the adsorption capacity retained after three cycles. These findings underscore the efficacy and reusability of CD-ARHB, highlighting its promise for environmental remediation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"69 ","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}