Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Soil amendment with MnO2-modified compost improves plant growth and the rhizosphere ecology","authors":"Wenyu Huang,&nbsp;Qunliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the short-term effects of MnO₂-modified compost on early plant growth and rhizosphere microecology, a pot experiment was conducted using radish seedlings as the model plant. Treatments included unamended soil, soil amended with different application rates of unmodified compost, and soil amended with MnO₂-modified compost. Plant growth performance, leaf photosynthetic pigments, rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, and microbial community characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results showed that compost application promoted early growth of radish seedlings, with the MnO₂-modified compost exhibiting the most pronounced effects. This treatment significantly increased plant biomass as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, thereby enhancing photosynthetic potential. Meanwhile, the application of MnO₂-modified compost markedly increased rhizosphere soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus contents, while decreasing the C/N ratio. High-throughput sequencing and PICRUSt2-based functional prediction analyses indicated that MnO₂-modified compost altered the structure of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities and affected predicted functional potentials related to organic matter degradation and nutrient cycling. These findings suggest that MnO₂-modified compost, particularly M5, was associated with improved early seedling growth, higher rhizosphere TKN and AP contents, and shifts in rhizosphere microbial communities. However, because the experiment lasted only 17 days and Mn speciation, Mn bioavailability, enzyme activities, inorganic nitrogen fractions, phosphorus fractions, and nutrient transformation rates were not directly measured, the underlying mechanisms and long-term agronomic effects require further verification through longer-term pot experiments and field trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, physicochemical characterization, and larvicidal efficacy of a novel Plectranthus barbatus Andrews solid formulation against Aedes aegypti L","authors":"Welton Aaron de Almeida,&nbsp;Livia Lais de Santana Silva,&nbsp;Cristiane Maria Varela de Araújo,&nbsp;Estefani Santana do Nascimento,&nbsp;Emerson de Oliveira Silva,&nbsp;Júlio César Ribeiro de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar,&nbsp;Lucas Gabriel Pita dos Santos,&nbsp;Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva,&nbsp;Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro,&nbsp;Pedro José Rolim Neto,&nbsp;Thiago Henrique Napoleão,&nbsp;Emmanuel Viana Pontual","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing burden of <em>Aedes aegypti</em>-transmitted arboviruses highlights the need for innovative vector control strategies capable of overcoming the stability and dissolution limitations of botanical biolarvicides. However, the development and ecotoxicological evaluation of tablet-based formulations designed to improve the practical characteristics of botanical larvicides remain poorly explored. This study reports the development and ecotoxicological evaluation of a patented tablet formulation incorporating <em>Plectranthus barbatus</em> leaf extract. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated delayed thermal decomposition of the botanical matrix. Compatibility assessments by DSC and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the absence of incompatibilities between the extract and selected excipients. The tablets exhibited rapid disintegration, with complete breakdown within 3 min 3 s under dynamic and 8.00 min under static conditions. In larvicidal bioassays against third-instar <em>Ae. aegypti</em> larvae, a single-dose tablet containing 0.48% (w/v) extract caused 40.0% mortality at 24 h and 66.2% at 48 h. Concentration–response modeling yielded an LC₅₀ of 0.309% (w/v), lower than that of the crude extract (LC₅₀ = 0.48%), with a diagnostic concentration of 0.34% (w/v). Ecotoxicological assays revealed acute sensitivity in <em>Artemia salina</em> (LC₅₀ = 0.31% w/v at 24 h) and <em>Tisbe biminiensis</em> (LC₅₀ = 0.65% w/v at 72 h). Additionally, 0.30% significantly delayed <em>T. biminiensis</em> development. Overall, the formulation retained larvicidal activity of <em>P. barbatus</em> and exhibited favorable thermal and disintegration characteristics under laboratory conditions. Further studies on storage stability, ecotoxicological effects, and semi-field or field performance are required before practical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104265"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of extraction process of Ginkgo biloba seed extract and its ameliorative effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice via compound formulation","authors":"Jiawen Ding,&nbsp;Jiahui Wang,&nbsp;Hongyan Lu,&nbsp;Xinyu Zheng,&nbsp;Yuan Zha,&nbsp;Dongdong Sun,&nbsp;Shuxiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a globally prevalent chronic liver condition lacking effective pharmacological therapies, making natural products a promising therapeutic avenue. <em>Ginkgo biloba</em> seeds (GBS) are rich in bioactive flavonoids and terpene trilactones with antioxidant and lipid-regulating properties, yet their <em>anti</em>-NAFLD efficacy remains understudied. Herein, single-factor experiments combined with Box-Behnken response surface methodology optimized <em>Ginkgo biloba</em> seed extract (GBE) extraction via ethanol-ultrasonic extraction (EUE) and supercritical CO₂ extraction (SFE), followed by comparisons of antioxidant activity, NAFLD-ameliorating effects, immunomodulatory function and biosafety of GBE and its compound formulation. Optimal SFE parameters (2.1 h, 38 MPa, 1.2 mL/min entrainer flow, 40 °C) achieved a 7.81% yield, significantly higher than EUE's 6.25%. Both extracts showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity; at 0.1-1 mg/mL, SFE-GBE exhibited superior DPPH, hydroxyl and ABTS radical scavenging capacity versus EUE-GBE. Animal experiments demonstrated that 75-100 mg/kg SFE-GBE outperformed equivalent EUE-GBE in improving body weight, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mice. A compound formulation composed of <em>Ginkgo biloba</em> seed extract (GBE), chitosan (CS), and coconut shell activated carbon (AC) at a mass ratio of 3:1:1 exerted the strongest effects in reducing body and liver weights, regulating serum lipids, and alleviating liver fibrosis, while showing immunomodulatory activity in immunocompromised mice with no obvious organ toxicity under the tested conditions. Mechanistically, the 3:1:1 formulation suppressed hepatic pro-inflammatory protein expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and increased IL-10, and reduced the hepatic CD86-positive area, indicating inhibition of M1 macrophage–driven hepatic inflammation. This study provides experimental and technical support for GBE-based natural therapeutic strategies against NAFLD, with notable academic and application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149200105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel thermo-stable and detergent-compatible esterase from Aspergillus welwitschiae KR01 for efficient engine oil stain removal from fabrics","authors":"Karthikeyan Ramamurthy,&nbsp;K. Gokul,&nbsp;S.R. Prarthana,&nbsp;Meenatchi Ramu,&nbsp;Najla A. Alshaikh,&nbsp;Ashraf Atef Hatamleh,&nbsp;Ilavenil Soundharrajan,&nbsp;Selvaraj Arokiyaraj,&nbsp;Mariadhas Valan Arasu,&nbsp;Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to isolate and characterise an efficient esterase-producing fungal strain and evaluate its application in engine oil stain removal on fabric. A lipolytic fungal strain (KR01) was isolated from soil near industrial region and identified as <em>Aspergillus welwitschiae</em> through morphological and ITS-based phylogenetic analyses. Physiological optimization revealed maximum biomass production at pH 5 (1.62 ± 0.09 g) with sucrose (1.32 ± 0.10 g) and yeast extract (2.59 ± 0.06 g) as optimal carbon and nitrogen sources. Production of esterase was confirmed with Rhodamine - olive oil agar and a p-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) assay, which demonstrated maximum activity on day four (0.959 ± 0.033 μM/min). The esterase was partially purified and has a molecular mass of approximately 70 kDa, and has been characterised biochemically. The enzyme has Vmax of 1.993 μmol/min, Km of 0.038 mM and kcat/Km 1.90 × 10¹⁰ M⁻¹ s⁻¹. This enzyme showed optimal esterase activity at 60 °C (1.064 ± 0.017 μM/min), was tolerant to pH 5 (0.947 ± 0.021 μM/min), and was stable in the presence of metal ions such as Na⁺, Mn²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Al³⁺ and Ca²⁺. Also, enzyme demonstrated compatibility with detergents and produces positive results in surfactant screening assays. Furthermore, washing fabric evaluation indicated that the combination of esterase and detergent removed oily contaminants from cotton-polyester (80.4% removal rate) and 100% cotton (86.7% removal rate). These results suggest that <em>A. welwitschiae</em> KR01 esterase has great potential as an eco-friendly additive for detergents and for oil stain removal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148938517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and wound-healing potential of Garcinia mangostana leaves against Staphylococcus epidermidis - infected mice","authors":"Krishnan Raguvaran,&nbsp;Marya Salfia Khoerunnisah,&nbsp;Siswadi,&nbsp;Abdi Wira Septama,&nbsp;Andhika Yudha Prawira,&nbsp;Siska Kusumastuti,&nbsp;Rizna Triana Dewi,&nbsp;Ahmad Randy,&nbsp;Tia Okselni,&nbsp;Marissa Angelina","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the antibacterial and wound-healing potential of <em>Garcinia mangostana</em> leaf ethyl acetate extract (GMLEA) against <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>. GMLEA exhibited strong antibacterial activity, producing an inhibition zone of 16.0 mm at 1 mg/mL, with minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of 125 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. Biofilm assays revealed up to 88.34% inhibition and concentration-dependent reduction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), while FT-IR analysis indicated structural changes in EPS associated with biofilm integrity. Membrane integrity assays showed intracellular protein and DNA leakage, confirming bacteriolytic effects. GMLEA also demonstrated notable antioxidant activity, with 88.38% (DPPH) and 90.12% (FRAP) scavenging at 200 μg/mL. In <em>S. epidermidis-</em>infected mice, GMLEA accelerated wound closure, reduced inflammation, and promoted epithelial and hair follicle regeneration, achieving complete healing by day 15 at 500 μg/mL. Toxicity tests confirmed low cytotoxicity in Vero cells and no adverse effects on liver or kidney biomarkers. HR-LCMS analysis identified xanthones as the major bioactive compounds. These findings highlight GMLEA as a promising natural antimicrobial and wound-healing agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148997153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical and functional characterization of a novel fungal lipase from Ganoderma boninense expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli","authors":"M. Mustava,&nbsp;Antonius Suwanto,&nbsp;Rika Indri Astuti","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipases are versatile hydrolases with broad industrial applications; however, lipases from pathogenic fungi remain insufficiently characterized at the molecular and biochemical levels. <em>Ganoderma boninense</em>, the causal agent of basal stem rot in oil palm, produces diverse hydrolytic enzymes, yet its lipases remain poorly characterized. In this study, a putative lipase gene (<em>gblip1</em>) from <em>G. boninense</em> was heterologously expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em> following removal of its predicted N-terminal signal peptide. The signal peptide–deleted construct (<em>gblip1</em>ΔSP) enabled detectable recombinant expression, and soluble, catalytically active enzyme was recovered for biochemical characterization. Among the expression hosts tested, <em>E. coli</em> BL21 (DE3) showed the most prominent production of recombinant Gblip1ΔSP. Purified Gblip1ΔSP showed activity toward <em>p</em>-nitrophenyl (<em>p</em>NP) esters with different acyl-chain lengths, with substrate and sample type significantly affecting enzyme activity. The highest specific activity was observed toward <em>p</em>NP-octanoate (C8) (192.39 ± 18.02 mU mg⁻¹ protein), whereas substantially lower activities were observed toward C12–C16. Comparative molecular docking using AutoDock Vina and GNINA showed that predicted binding affinities did not directly reproduce the experimental activity profile, indicating that docking affinity alone is insufficient to explain substrate preference. Sequence, phylogenetic, and structural analyses supported Gblip1ΔSP as a putative basidiomycete monoacylglycerol/diacylglycerol (MAG/DAG)-type lipase. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of recombinant expression and biochemical characterization of a lipase from <em>G. boninense</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone char modified with biogenic sulfuric acid from Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans as a phosphorus fertilizer","authors":"Inácia do Vale Batista,&nbsp;Gustavo Franco de Castro,&nbsp;Fabiane Carvalho Ballotin,&nbsp;Isabela Formagio da Silva,&nbsp;Judyson de Matos Oliveira,&nbsp;Lincoln Zotarelli,&nbsp;Edson Marcio Mattiello,&nbsp;Renê Chagas da Silva,&nbsp;Jairo Tronto","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone char has been investigated as an alternative phosphorus (P) source because its chemical composition resembles that of rock phosphate. While conventional phosphate fertilizers rely on sulfuric or phosphoric acids for solubilization, biogenic acids produced by <em>Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans</em> provide an alternative route for treating low-solubility materials. The objective of this study was to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the agronomic performance of bone char acidified using biogenic acid (biogenic-bone char). The material was analyzed using physicochemical techniques and evaluated through solubility assays. Agronomic performance was examined using nutrient release, diffusion, incubation, and a greenhouse experiment with maize. The treatments included bone char, biogenic-bone char, Bayóvar and simple superphosphate. Characterization revealed that biogenic-bone char maintained a hydroxyapatite-based structure, with the formation of sulfate-related crystalline phases, phosphate functional groups, and detectable levels of P, Ca, and S. Total concentrations of P, Ca, and S were 22.16%, 21.27%, and 8.35%, respectively. Phosphorus solubility reached 9.14% in water, 19.56% in citric acid, and 20.70% in neutral ammonium citrate. In the agronomic assessments, biogenic-bone char and simple superphosphate resulted in higher dry matter production, greater P and S contents in roots and shoots, higher nutrient recovery, and superior agronomic efficiency compared with Bayóvar and untreated bone char. Overall, biogenic acidification enhanced bone char solubility, indicating that biogenic-bone char is a promising alternative phosphate fertilizer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pectic oligosaccharide production from passion fruit peel pectin using polygalacturonase from Aureobasidium melanogenum PBUAP44","authors":"Rattanaporn Pimisa,&nbsp;Wichanee Bankeeree,&nbsp;Pongtharin Lotrakul,&nbsp;Noraphat Hwanhlem,&nbsp;Sehanat Prasongsuk","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Valorization of agricultural by-products offers a sustainable opportunity to reduce waste while generating high-value functional ingredients. In this study, pectic oligosaccharides (POS) were produced from pectin extracted from passion fruit peel (PFPEP) using polygalacturonase obtained from an <em>Aureobasidium</em> strain. Among the strains screened, <em>A. melanogenum</em> PBUAP44 exhibited the highest polygalacturonase activity (5.09 U/mL) and was selected for the enzyme production and subsequent application in PFPEP hydrolysis. Optimization using Box-Behnken response surface methodology shortened the required incubation period from 120 h to 95 h while maintaining enzyme activity at 5.64 U/mL, thereby increasing volumetric productivity by 40% under optimal condition (1% w/v dried passion fruit peel powder, pH 5.0). The crude enzyme showed optimal activity at pH 4.0 and 50 °C and retained over 80% of its activity after 6 h under these conditions. Enzymatic hydrolysis of PFPEP using the crude enzyme under optimized conditions (26.76 U/g PFPEP for 791.8 min) yielded POS predominantly composed of 15.56% di-galacturonic acid, with no detectable tri-galacturonic acid. This suggests the effectiveness of the crude enzymes in producing dimeric oligosaccharides. Furthermore, the produced POS significantly stimulated the growth of probiotic bacteria, <em>Levilactobacillus brevis</em>, demonstrating their potential as a functional food ingredient with <em>in vitro</em> prebiotic properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149154591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable valorization of brewer's spent grain: Extraction of extracellular biosurfactants for potential motor oil removal","authors":"N. Russo-Martínez,&nbsp;X. Vecino,&nbsp;A.B. Moldes,&nbsp;J.M. Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The beer production process yields considerable amounts of brewer's spent grain (BSG), offering opportunities for its sustainable utilization in various applications. This study proposes to highlight the value of BSG by producing direct, high-value products, specifically biosurfactant (BS) extracts through the incubation of autochthonous microbial biomass without the addition of any costly nutritional supplements, thereby promoting sustainability and advancing the principles of the circular economy. BS were extracted from BSG waste by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. The results demonstrate that BS extracts exhibit a substantial increase in yield after 15 days of incubation (from 3.41 to 6.95 g/L), accompanied by an increase in microbial biomass. The BSG biosurfactant extract after steeping exhibits a minimum surface tension of 29.1 mN/m and a critical micellar concentration (CMC) of 0.32 g/L. Comparative tests of contact angle reduction, emulsification and motor oil displacement were performed against CTAB, SDS, and Tween 20. When tested at the same concentration, above its CMC, the BSG-derived biosurfactant extract showed high emulsification activity (above 50%), promoted motor-oil wetting (contact angle = 19.77°) and effectively mobilized motor oil, with performances comparable or in some cases, higher than those obtained with CTAB, SDS or Tween 20. Exploratory physicochemical characterization indicates the predominance of both phospholipid and glycolipids in the BS extract composition. These results highlight the potential for sustainable biosurfactant production from brewery waste and suggest promising applications in industrial and environmental processes. However, future studies should evaluate performance near the CMC and assess reproducibility across batches and brewery sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149052270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial remediation of heavy metal contamination in soils: A meta-analysis of immobilization and extraction strategies functions","authors":"Zaixing Li,&nbsp;Xiaozhan Zang,&nbsp;Shuo Yu,&nbsp;Chen Yuan,&nbsp;Yali Huang,&nbsp;Shengjun Xu,&nbsp;Xue Qin,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Fu,&nbsp;Nannan Wang,&nbsp;Yan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil heavy metal contamination remains a significant threat to global food security and ecological health, necessitating sustainable remediation approaches. This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess microbial remediation within soil-plant systems, focusing on functional differences between immobilization and extraction strategies. A total of 25 independent publications and 54 effect-size observations were included. Results demonstrated that microbial immobilization strategies significantly decreased heavy metal accumulation, reducing average metal concentrations in grains by 53.8% (natural logarithm of the response ratio, lnRR = −0.772), shoot tissues by 32.7% (lnRR = −0.396), and soil available metals by 20.8% (lnRR = −0.233). These results indicate that immobilization can reduce metal bioavailability and limit metal transfer through the soil-plant-food chain. Conversely, microbial-assisted extraction strategies markedly enhanced plant uptake of heavy metals, increasing metal concentrations in plant tissues by 121.0% (lnRR = 0.793) and plant biomass by 67.0% (lnRR = 0.513), thereby improving plant-based extraction potential. Subgroup analyses indicated that soil pH significantly moderated soil available metal reduction under immobilization strategies, with stronger reductions observed in neutral and alkaline soils. High heterogeneity and wide prediction intervals further suggested that microbial remediation effects were context-dependent and influenced by soil-plant-microbe interactions. Overall, effective microbial remediation requires selecting strategies according to remediation goals, soil conditions, and practical applicability: immobilization is more suitable for reducing metal bioavailability and food-chain transfer in agricultural soils, whereas extraction is more suitable for pollutant removal through harvestable non-food or metal-accumulating plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 104240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148938519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}