{"title":"A novel magnetic fluorescent nanoprobe for simultaneous separation and identification of microRNA199a in breast cancer","authors":"Delaram Enteshari , Razieh Ghasemi , Flora Forouzesh","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rapid and early diagnosis of the specific biomarkers and symptoms can increase the efficiency of treatment and reduce the mortality rate of breast cancer as the second cause of cancer death among women worldwide. MicroRNA199 (miR199) as a member of the most important microRNAs families is one of these circulating biomarkers that its dysregulation is associated with the development and progression or suppression of variety of cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this regard, a magnetic fluorescent nanoprobe was designed and fabricated for separation and identification of microRNA199 (miR199) biomarker in breast cancer. Therefore, the surfaces of synthesized silica-coated Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and CdTe quantum dots were functionalized with two specific probes for miR199 and then characterization techniques were performed to confirm the nanoprobes synthesis steps. The performance of magnetic fluorescent nanoprobes was analyzed by hybridization process of nanoprobes and miR199 sequences. Subsequently, nanoprobes hybridization steps were performed by the extracted RNAs from 10 samples from women with breast cancer and the expression of miR199a in clinical samples was examined by Real-Time PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that the limit of detection is as low as 0.48 pM and separation and identification can be performed in less than an hour with high specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The synthesized nanoprobes were able to rapid isolation and identification of the MicroRNA199 with high specificity and sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 109676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danton Freire-Flores , Nyna Kawles , Pablo Caviedes , Barbara A. Andrews , Juan A. Asenjo
{"title":"Scaling iPSC production in different 3D platforms in suspension culture for their use in allogeneic regenerative therapies","authors":"Danton Freire-Flores , Nyna Kawles , Pablo Caviedes , Barbara A. Andrews , Juan A. Asenjo","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) exhibit significant potential for regenerative medical treatments due to their pluripotency and proliferation capacity. However, the large-scale production required for allogeneic therapies necessitates efficient and scalable culture systems. Conventional 2D culture techniques are inadequate for this, driving interest for innovative bioreactor-based expansion techniques such as microcarrier-based or aggregate cultures. In this study, we compare iPSC expansion and quality in microcarrier and aggregate cultures in spinner flasks, aiming to ascertain which 3D growth configuration yields superior cell mass while maintaining cellular quality. We demonstrated comparable expansion of iPSCs on Cytodex 1 and Cultisphere G microcarriers, as well as in aggregates by day 6 in culture, achieving a final cell density of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>*</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>cells/ml and <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>67</mn><mo>*</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> cells/ml on microcarriers respectively, and <span><math><mrow><mn>9</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>76</mn><mo>*</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> cells/ml in aggregates, yielding 4- and 9-fold expansion on microcarriers and 15-fold in aggregates. The efficiency in the recovery of iPSCs as single cells was over 91.5 % for all cultures. iPSCs cultured on microcarriers and as aggregates exhibit OCT3/4, SSEA4, TRA-1–60, and SOX2 pluripotency marker expression, as well as retention of differentiation potential into three germinal layers. This work supports the utilization of microcarriers and aggregates as efficient 3D expansion platforms for suspension cultures of iPSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianglin Chen , Wenqian Li , Lina Pang , Efthalia Chatzisymeon , Yuanyuan Lu , Ping Yang
{"title":"Using metagenomics to reveal the effects of zero-valent iron with different sizes on the mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sludge","authors":"Jianglin Chen , Wenqian Li , Lina Pang , Efthalia Chatzisymeon , Yuanyuan Lu , Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the mechanisms of anaerobic digestion (AD) of sludge to the addition of zero-valent iron (ZVI) at three particle sizes under mesophilic (MAD) and thermophilic (TAD) temperatures. Results showed that nano-ZVI, micron-ZVI, and iron scrap all enhanced the cumulative methane production in two AD processes. Besides, the highest cumulative methane yield (83.92 mL/g VS) was achieved in MAD with nano-ZVI, which possibly stimulated the hydrolysis and acidification processes in MAD. Moreover, metagenomic results revealed that the more abundant predominant methanogenic pathways and functional microbes like genera <em>Candidatus_Microthrix</em> and <em>Methanothrix</em>, and the enriched enzymes associated with hydrotrophic and methyl methanogenesis pathways, might be the underlying reasons for the best performance of MAD with nano-ZVI. This study provides knowledge underpinning the mechanisms for the deployment of ZVI in solid waste anaerobic digestion to effectively manage and treat waste and increase biomethane production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruijie Zhang , Wen Sun , Suwan Han , Xiaoxuan Sun , Xinghui Zhai , Beiru He , Xianfeng Zhu , Baoguo Zhang
{"title":"Efficient production of 9α-hydroxy-steroid from phytosterols in Mycobacterium fortuitum ATCC 6842 by modifying multiple genes","authors":"Ruijie Zhang , Wen Sun , Suwan Han , Xiaoxuan Sun , Xinghui Zhai , Beiru He , Xianfeng Zhu , Baoguo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The steroid drug industry is increasingly utilizing microbial biotransformation, employing genetically modified mycobacteria to convert phytosterols into steroid intermediates, with an emphasis on improving yield and purity. This study enhances the production of 9α-hydroxy-4-androstene-3,17-dione (9-OH-AD), a vital C19 steroid intermediate for glucocorticoid synthesis, by genetically modifying <em>Mycobacterium fortuitum</em> ATCC 6842. The study involved the targeted disruption of five 3-ketosteroid-Δ<sup>1</sup>-dehydrogenase (<em>kstD</em>) genes to prevent Δ<sup>1</sup>-dehydrogenation. The purity of 9-OH-AD is initially low at 81.85 % due to two main by-products: 9,22-dihydroxy-23,24-bisnorchol-4-ene-3-one (9-OH-HP) and 9,24-dihydroxychol-4-en-3-one (9,24-DHC). To address this, the steroid aldolase (<em>sal</em>) gene was deleted to block the C22 metabolic pathway, which completely eliminated 9-OH-HP and increased the purity of 9-OH-AD to 88.19 %. To further reduce 9,24-DHC levels, acyl-CoA dehydrogenases ChsE1 and ChsE2 were overexpressed. The resulting strain, MFKS_<em>chsE1</em>-<em>chsE2</em>, achieved a high purity of 9-OH-AD at 94.96 %, with a molar yield of 87.17 % from 10 g/L phytosterols, and converted up to 30 g/L of phytosterols into 15.91 g/L of 9-OH-AD. This method effectively enhances both the production and purity of this important steroid intermediate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 109689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Zayed , Benjamin Ledermann , Thomas Fischöder , Lothar Elling , Nicole Frankenberg-Dinkel , Roland Ulber
{"title":"Heterologous expression of algal fucosyltransferases and sulfotransferases in Escherichia coli","authors":"Ahmed Zayed , Benjamin Ledermann , Thomas Fischöder , Lothar Elling , Nicole Frankenberg-Dinkel , Roland Ulber","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alternative to classical production of fucoidans, enzymatic synthesis has been proposed especially following genomic and bioinformatic investigations in <em>Ectocarpus siliculosus</em> and <em>Saccharina</em> sp. The present research aimed to assess the activity of four putative algal enzymes, including fucosyltransferases (FucTs_21 and FucTs_50) and carbohydrate sulfotransferases (STs_32 and STs_283) expressed in <em>E. coli</em> BL21 (DE3) for future application in lab-synthesized fucoidans. A specific activity of 0.47 pmol.min<sup>−1</sup>.µg<sup>−1</sup> was observed for FucTs_50 in the Glycosyltransferase activity assay, while multiplexed capillary electrophoresis (MP-CE) revealed that almost 32 % of GDP-L-fucose was affected. Additionally, the Universal Sulfotransferase Activity Kit was used to evaluate STs, and the results indicated that STs_283 and STs_32 exhibited specific activities at 2.29 and 2.38 pmol.min<sup>−1</sup>.µg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The results indicated correctly folded active enzymes with binding sites specific to their corresponding substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 109690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuhang Song , Lingmin Zhao , Jiaonan Zhang , Jiaoling Zhang , Qingpi Yan
{"title":"Enhanced nitrogen removal through rapid biofilm formation by Paracoccus sp. XN-1 immobilized carriers in sequencing batch biofilm reactor","authors":"Yuhang Song , Lingmin Zhao , Jiaonan Zhang , Jiaoling Zhang , Qingpi Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofilm formation is critical for wastewater treatment efficiency, but slow biofilm development often limits system startup and performance. In this study, a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was established to evaluate <em>Paracoccus</em> sp. XN-1's capability to accelerate biofilm formation for treating aquaculture wastewater. Results showed that XN-1 inoculation (T-SBR) significantly enhanced biofilm formation, achieving mature biofilm development within 36 days compared to 48 days in conventional activated sludge (SBR). This rapid startup is particularly valuable for aquaculture facilities that require efficient and stable wastewater treatment systems to maintain water quality during intensive farming. High-throughput sequencing revealed distinct microbial community structures between the two systems, with T-SBR showing enrichment of key functional groups, particularly <em>Methyloparacoccus</em> (4.8 %) and <em>Lysinibacillus</em> (21.4 %). Network analysis demonstrated complex ecological interactions within T-SBR, with <em>Methyloparacoccus</em> forming a central hub coordinating nitrogen transformation processes. Functional prediction indicated enhanced nitrogen metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation pathways in T-SBR, contributing to superior NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N (99.27 %) and TN (83.14 %) removal efficiencies. These results demonstrate that XN-1 inoculation optimizes microbial community assembly for enhanced nitrogen removal, providing a practical solution for sustainable aquaculture wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oseweuba Valentine Okoro , D.E. Caevel Hippolyte , Lei Nie , Keikhosro Karimi , Joeri F.M. Denayer , Armin Shavandi
{"title":"Machine learning-based predictive modeling and optimization: Artificial neural network-genetic algorithm vs. response surface methodology for black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) farm waste fermentation","authors":"Oseweuba Valentine Okoro , D.E. Caevel Hippolyte , Lei Nie , Keikhosro Karimi , Joeri F.M. Denayer , Armin Shavandi","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recognizing the complexity of non-linear and interdependent biological processes, this study compared the predictive performance of artificial neural network (ANN) models with response surface methodology regression based (RB) models. The research focused on the biological transformation of black soldier fly (<em>Hermetia illucens</em>) farm waste into chitin, facilitated by <em>Lactobacillus paracasei</em>. Key parameters of time (1–7 days), temperature (30–40 °C), substrate concentration (7.5–20 wt%), and inoculum concentration (5–15 v/v%), were evaluated for their impact on demineralization and deproteinization subprocesses and subsequently optimized. It was determined that the ANN models outperformed RB models, with R² values of 0.950 and 0.959 for DP% and DD%, compared to 0.677 and 0.720 for RB models. While both models, optimized using a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) and a desirability function respectively, produced comparable optimal results, differences emerged in process variable analysis. Main effects plots (RB) and one way partial dependence plots (ANN) revealed conflicting parameter influences, highlighting the limitations of regression models in complex systems. This study highlights the superiority of ANN-MOGA in addressing biological complexity and recommends its use especially if RB models show suboptimal predictive capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 109685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larissa T.A. Costa-Ramos , Marcus V.X. Senra , Guilherme H.S. Nogueira , Ralf R. Ramalho-Júnior , Sandro J. Andrade , Evellin E. Santo , Aline K. Gohara-Beirigo , Juliana Gomes Santos , Livia S. Ferreira-Camargo , João Carlos M. Carvalho , Marcelo C. Matsudo
{"title":"Unveiling the antibiotics removal ability of Monoraphidium contortum","authors":"Larissa T.A. Costa-Ramos , Marcus V.X. Senra , Guilherme H.S. Nogueira , Ralf R. Ramalho-Júnior , Sandro J. Andrade , Evellin E. Santo , Aline K. Gohara-Beirigo , Juliana Gomes Santos , Livia S. Ferreira-Camargo , João Carlos M. Carvalho , Marcelo C. Matsudo","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study shows the <em>Monoraphidium contortum</em> potential for removing antibiotics, specifically sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP), from wastewater. Experiments were conducted using a bench-scale tubular photobioreactor, where the microalga demonstrated the ability to reduce antibiotic concentrations while simultaneously removing inorganic nutrients and producing commercially valuable biomass. When each antibiotic was individually added in the culture medium, <em>M. contortum</em> was able to remove 42.3 % of SMX and 28.6 % of TMP. However, when both antibiotics were introduced simultaneously, SMX removal decreased to 7 %. Additionally, the biochemical composition of the resulting biomass revealed stable lipid content, with a fatty acid profile suitable for biodiesel production. By genome analysis, it was possible to identify a multicopper oxidase enzyme, with potential antibiotic-degrading properties, shedding light on the mechanisms behind the removal process. These findings suggest that <em>M. contortum</em> could play a crucial role in bioremediation and sustainable wastewater treatment, generating feedstock for bioenergy production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable intensified conversion of waste corn cob to 5-HMF by synergistic action between infrared radiation and cellulase grafted nano-titania-silica bio-photocatalyst","authors":"Sohini Roy Choudhury, Rajat Chakraborty","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the pioneering investigation into the synergistic effects of nano-silica-titania immobilized cellulase bio-photocatalyst and visible near-infrared radiation (VIS-NIR) on the intensification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) synthesis from delignified corn cob (DCC). A nano-bio-photocatalyst, silica/titania-cellulase (ST-C),was engineered where nano-titania-silica core-shell spheres were synthesized and conjugated with <em>Aspergillus niger</em> derived cellulase enzyme. With a band gap of 2.83 eV, the optimized ST-C exhibited its potential for enhanced bio-photocatalytic efficacy in 5-HMF synthesis via bio-photochemical conversion (BPC) of DCC in a quartz iodine irradiated self-vibrating batch bioreactor (QIISBR) (100 W,visible range:380–700 nm).The synergistic effect between VIS-NIR of QIISBR and the prepared ST-C bio-photocatalyst was evident from the enhanced 5-HMF yield(74.24 mol%) compared to dark run (69.3 mol%) at the optimal 60°C BPC temperature, 1 wt% bio-photocatalyst concentration, 60 min reaction time, 30 w/w Biomass-to-Water ratio as determined by Taguchi Structured Orthogonal Design (TSOD). The VIS-NIR system also offered 68.5 % energy savings compared to dark run. Remarkably,the immobilized enzyme preserved 93 % of its initial activity after nine consecutive uses, showcasing its high operational stability and recyclability attributes. The Life Cycle Sustainability Evaluation (LCSE) revealed reduction in environmental burdens, marked by 69.23 % decrease in Carbon Footprint,45.8 % decline in Human Toxicity Potential,50.1 % reduction in Water Consumption Potential compared to conventional process.The developed process demonstrating synergistic application of VIS-NIR and bio-photocatalyst could procreate a greener pathway through sustainable valorization of lignocellulosic biomass towards synthesis of 5-HMF and similar platform chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huijun Shi , Qing Chen , Yanpeng Liang , Litang Qin , Honghu Zeng , Xiaohong Song
{"title":"Degradation of β-HCH by Enterobacter sp. CS01: Characteristics, mechanism and application in soil remediation","authors":"Huijun Shi , Qing Chen , Yanpeng Liang , Litang Qin , Honghu Zeng , Xiaohong Song","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>β-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) is a persistent organochlorine pesticide that poses a significant threat to the ecological environment, necessitating the urgent development of effective degradation methods. Microbial degradation has demonstrated substantial potential among various bioremediation techniques due to its environmentally friendly and economical characteristics. This study evaluates the degradation capability of <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. CS01 on β-HCH, its physiological responses, and its potential application in soil remediation. Under optimal conditions (pH 7, 30°C), 51 % of β-HCH was effectively removed. Metabolomics and antioxidant enzyme activity analyses revealed that CS01 defends against oxidative damage by modulating the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), involving butyrate, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, as well as the pentose phosphate pathway. CS01 converts β-HCH into less toxic intermediates through dichloride elimination, dehalogenation of hydrogen, and hydrolysis reactions. Soil experiments indicated that soil enzyme activities (S-POD, S-DHA, S-PPO) are closely related to the degradation of β-HCH, with the order of carbon source utilization being esters, amino acids, and sugars. This study provides new insights into the microbial degradation mechanisms of organochlorine pesticides and aids in the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly degradation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"217 ","pages":"Article 109673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}