{"title":"Nonenzymatic glucose sensing using ultrafine copper halide catalyst integrated with electrochemical and microcontroller devices","authors":"Chandan Saha, Pooja Kumari, Kaushik Mallick","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose detection is important in the field of clinical medicine, particularly when it comes to diagnosing and managing diabetes. Recently there has been a surge of interest in developing non-enzymatic glucose sensors. The advancements in non-enzymatic glucose sensors have shown significant progress, making them a focal point of research and development in diagnostics. This study presents the synthesis, characterization and application of polyaniline-stabilized copper iodide nanoparticles for glucose sensing. The copper iodide nanoparticles were synthesized through a modified <em>in-situ</em> polymerization and composite formation route. X-ray diffraction analysis verified the formation of cubic copper iodide (γ-CuI), while transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that particles were distributed within the polymeric matrix, ranging within the size from 4 to 12 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy further validated the formation of copper (I) iodide and polyaniline. The catalyst-modified electrode was evaluated in a three-electrode setup and demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic activity for glucose oxidation under alkaline media. A microcontroller-based glucose sensor, integrating an Arduino Uno R4 Wi-Fi module, was developed for real-time monitoring, with data transmission to the ThingSpeak cloud platform. The system exhibited a stable and reproducible response, highlighting the potential of synthesized material as a cost-effective and efficient material for non-enzymatic glucose sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jinjuan Wang , Menghai Wu , Subash C.B. Gopinath , Abubakr M. Idris , Xi Zhang
{"title":"Identifying fibril formation on interdigitated parallel microelectrodes for diagnosing Parkinson's disease","authors":"Jinjuan Wang , Menghai Wu , Subash C.B. Gopinath , Abubakr M. Idris , Xi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s Disease (PD), commonly seen in adults over the age of 65, is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Researchers are working towards developing a highly sensitive biosensor for diagnosing PD. Diamond-gold nanomaterials hybrid on interdigitated parallel microelectrode (IDME) biosensor is introduced for diagnosing PD. Alpha-synuclein contributes to the progression of PD, it was used as a target to diagnose PD, and aptamer was immobilized as a capture molecule. For higher aptamer immobilization, IDME was modified by diamond nanomaterial through 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole linker and then aptamer (with or without gold nanoparticle conjugated) was attached on the diamond by using an amine-linker. This aptamer immobilized surfaces detect the alpha-synuclein by aptamer-antibody sandwich and lowers the detection limit to 1 aM [y = 1.5679x − 1.7834; R² = 0.9904] in the buffer sample and 10 aM in an artificial cerebrospinal fluid on a linear regression from 1 aM until 1 nM. In addition, control performances with DJ-1, PARK-1, and complementary anti-alpha-synuclein aptamer failed to increase the current responses confirm the specific detection of alpha-synuclein. This diamond modified IDME quantifies the alpha-synuclein at its lower level and helps to diagnose PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109831"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect on bioenergy production through optimization of electrokinetically assisted anaerobic co-digestion of petrochemical industry sludge and lignocellulosic waste: A pathway through hydrocarbon and lignin degradation","authors":"Shinjini Paul Choudhury , Ajay S. Kalamdhad","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Petroleum refinery biological sludge (PB), generated from the effluent treatment plants of petrochemical refining industries, poses a substantial hazard to environment due to its complex hydrocarbon composition, warranting its meticulous management and disposal. This study advocates a sustainable approach through anaerobic co-digestion, integrating petroleum refinery biosludge (PB) with lignocellulosic yard waste (YS) for balance of nutrient and moisture content leading to enhanced biodegradation. The co-digestion of PB with YS was assessed for improvement in anaerobic biodegradability through electrokinetic process, which when optimized at an applied voltage of 53.5 V for 53 min using Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology, led to the improvement in solubilization of PB mixed with YS at carbon/nitrogen ratio of 32.5 and pH of 7.0. Optimization of batch anaerobic biodegradability assay conducted at different inoculum and pretreated substrate (I/F) ratios (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7) resulted in maximal biogas at I/F= 0.4 with net energy gained by 35.5-fold that of the invested energy. Upscaling the batch studies led to 84.2 % enhancement in biogas production compared to monodigeston of PB with significant hydrocarbon content, emulsion, and lignin degradation establishing a synergistic and sustainable technique in the overall management of PB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A data-driven approach for the comprehensive analysis of process parameter effects on industrial methane production","authors":"Ambereen A. Niaze , Anjali Sharma , Rajarshi Ghosh , Sreedevi Upadhyayula","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition to renewable energy is critical in addressing global energy demands and environmental challenges. Methane production through anaerobic digestion is a promising bioenergy source. However, maximizing methane yields requires precise control and optimization of process parameters. This study presents an integrated approach using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for accurate prediction and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimizing process variables to enhance methane production. A comprehensive dataset comprising key input variables such as Total Solids (TS), Volatile Solids (VS), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), Alkalinity (Alk), and pH was used. The developed ANN model achieved a high predictive accuracy (R² > 0.98). The PSO algorithm, coupled with the ANN, identified the optimal combination of input parameters, leading to a significant increase in methane yield by 5.16 %. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the ANN-PSO framework in improving bioenergy production processes. The effect of various process parameter on methane production was studied by performing the sensitivity analysis of the optimized scenario.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109828"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lu Di , Fang Wang , Taili Dong , Xia Wang , Deli Zhang , Yongjun Li , Xianfa Sun , Weiming Yi
{"title":"Effect of Fe3O4@biochar on the methanogenesis process under different ammonia nitrogen level","authors":"Lu Di , Fang Wang , Taili Dong , Xia Wang , Deli Zhang , Yongjun Li , Xianfa Sun , Weiming Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia inhibition can have toxic effects on anaerobic digestion (AD) and is detrimental to smooth operation of AD. To enhance methane production of the AD under ammonia inhibition, this study investigated the effect of addition of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@biochar on the methanogenesis process of AD at different ammonia nitrogen (AN) level. Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@biochar significantly enhanced methane production by 11.3–183.6 % at NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> -N concentrations from 1200 to 6000 mg/L. Microbial community analysis revealed that Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@biochar alleviated the inhibition via promoting the enrichment of ammonia-tolerant flora associated with electron transfer and upregulating the expression of related genes. The enriched unclassified <em>Clostridiales</em> degrade acetic acid and could be involved in electron transfer with <em>Methanosarcina</em> as potential electron transfer partner. Meanwhile, the high expression of methylenetetrahydrofolate cyclohydrogenase and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway further demonstrated that the increase of methane yield under ammonia inhibition was associated with the enhancement of the SAO-HM pathway. This study provided theoretical guidance for the regulation of AD under different concentrations of ammonia inhibition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yudie Mao , Yue Jian , Chuan Huang , Wenlai Xu , Muhammad Younas , Renli Qi , Jiaming Zhu , Jing Wang , Kun Tian
{"title":"Bark as the optimal filler for the start-up phase of deodorizing bio-drip filters under actual farm conditions","authors":"Yudie Mao , Yue Jian , Chuan Huang , Wenlai Xu , Muhammad Younas , Renli Qi , Jiaming Zhu , Jing Wang , Kun Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological trickling filter (BTF) is a commonly used deodorization technique in pig farms. However, filler selection under actual operational conditions is often limited, as most studies still focus on laboratory-scale experiments. Here, we compared the effects of five fillers (bark, straw, moving bed biofilm reactor packing (MBBR), grit, and polyester fiber) on the deodorization performance in the start-up phase of BTF in actual farming conditions. Bark has the best deodorizing properties. The deodorisation efficiency followed the order: bark > straw > MBBR > grit > polyester fiber. The removal rate of volatile organic compounds reaches 40–65 %, 100 % removal of malodor can be realized. In terms of ammonia removal, bark (90 %) and straw (91 %) showed significant advantages; H<sub>2</sub>S was completely removed except for polyester fibers. The particulate removal efficiency of MBBR was significantly lower than that of other fillers. Pressure drop stability followed the order: bark (40 Pa/d) < grit = polyester fiber (50 Pa/d) < MBBR (60 Pa/d) < straw (80 Pa/d). In addition, pressure drop was positively correlated with odor and VOCs removal. SEM characterization and biomass analysis revealed that the biomass of straw filler (230 CFU/mL) was significantly higher than that of other fillers. However, the correlation with deodorisation performance was weak. Our results provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for odor control in large-scale pig farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ardeshir Roshanasan , Wang Yu , Nektarios Katsas , Jan H. van Esch
{"title":"Kinetic modeling of enzymatic fluorescence retrieval of a fluorogenic probe for Penicillin-G-Acylase","authors":"Ardeshir Roshanasan , Wang Yu , Nektarios Katsas , Jan H. van Esch","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109780","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents the development and validation of a kinetic model describing the enzymatic hydrolysis of a specifically designed fluorogenic probe for free Penicillin-G Acylase (PGA). The model construction involved tracking reaction kinetics through UV–Vis spectroscopy, identifying product-induced inhibitory effects, and employing initial velocity analysis alongside parameter estimation techniques. The kinetic model was structured around a simple ordered uni-bi mechanism comprising three reversible reaction steps. Validation of the model was performed through spectrofluorometric measurements, successfully predicting the fluorescence intensity progression resulting from the enzymatic cleavage of the probe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioconversion of ginsenoside Rb1 to CK by co-immobilizing snailase and β-glycosidase on Zr-MOF prepared in the deep eutectic solvent","authors":"Chunxiao Cui, Xiaojun Wang, Runze Gao, Shuqi Luo, Zhansheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOF) are stable and easily functionalized, yet their synthesis has issues like poor environmental friendliness and restricted mass transfer, limiting applications. In this study, we used choline-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) instead of traditional solvents, with propionic acid (PA) as a modifier. In just 6 h, we successfully created a spherical UNP-66 biocomposite with a defect number of 0.7719. We then prepared an immobilized enzyme by covalently attaching snailase (Sna) and β-glycosidase (β-G) to the carrier using glutaric dialdehyde. It had an enzyme-loading capacity of 158 mg/g. DES sped up the synthesis and reduced enzyme-activity loss. The immobilized enzyme showed good thermal, pH, and storage stability. It efficiently catalyzed Rb1 to CK conversion, with a CK yield of 77.23 %. After 6 cycles, it retained 72.82 % of its initial relative enzyme activity. This DES-based defective MOF synthesis method has significant advantages, opening a new path for green, efficient preparation of high-value natural products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stela Schiochett Virmond Vieira , Fernando Augusto Pedersen Voll , Nadia Krieger , David Alexander Mitchell
{"title":"A kinetic model for the solvent-free lipase-catalyzed acetylation of phlorizin with triacetin","authors":"Stela Schiochett Virmond Vieira , Fernando Augusto Pedersen Voll , Nadia Krieger , David Alexander Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Little attention has been given to the kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed modification of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides, especially the successive addition of multiple functional groups. The only currently available model is not consistent with the principles of enzyme kinetics. We developed a simple kinetic model, using the lipase-catalyzed acetylation of phlorizin in a solvent-free system as a case study. Our model assumes that the acetylation is irreversible, the concentration of the solvent/acetyl-donor remains constant and the lipase inactivates in a first-order process. We estimated the parameters of the model by fitting it to literature data for the lipase-catalyzed acetylation of phlorizin, with triacetin as the acetyl-donor. Our model fitted well to profiles for phlorizin, phlorizin-6”-<em>O</em>-acetate and phlorizin-3”,6”-<em>O</em>-diacetate obtained at several initial phlorizin concentrations. The estimated parameters were a specificity constant of 0.380 h<sup>−1</sup>%(w/v)<sup>−1</sup> for phlorizin, a selectivity of 0.362 for the second acetylation in relation to the first, saturation constants of 22.3 mmol L<sup>−1</sup> for phlorizin and 76.5 mmol L<sup>−1</sup> for phlorizin-6”-<em>O</em>-acetate, an inhibition constant for phlorizin-3”,6”-<em>O</em>-diacetate of 3.5 mmol L<sup>−1</sup> and a first-order denaturation constant of 0.0125 h<sup>−1</sup>. Our work not only presents a model that describes well the acetylation of phlorizin, it also demonstrates a strategy for modelling and parameter estimation that can be applied to other enzyme-catalyzed modifications of flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jyun-Liang Liu , Shih-Pang Lin , The Duc Hanh Nguyen , Chanin Panjapornpon , Paweena Prapainainar , Kulpavee Jitapunkul , Chen‑Yaw Chiu , Bing-Lan Liu , Kuei-Hsiang Chen , Yu-Kaung Chang
{"title":"Integrated strategy for efficient production and direct purification of EGFP from unclarified feedstocks","authors":"Jyun-Liang Liu , Shih-Pang Lin , The Duc Hanh Nguyen , Chanin Panjapornpon , Paweena Prapainainar , Kulpavee Jitapunkul , Chen‑Yaw Chiu , Bing-Lan Liu , Kuei-Hsiang Chen , Yu-Kaung Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bej.2025.109822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient recovery of recombinant proteins from unclarified feedstocks remains a major challenge in bioprocessing. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) is widely used as a model protein, but its purification typically involves multiple clarification steps, increasing processing time and cost. This study presents an integrated strategy to optimize both upstream cultivation and downstream purification for EGFP production and recovery. A two-level, three-factor fractional factorial design (FFD) was employed to optimize environmental variables, identifying optimal conditions at pH 7.0, 26 °C, and 1.75 h of induction time. The optimized culture was scaled up in a 5 L bioreactor, yielding 3.66 mg/mL of EGFP and 36.86 mg/mL of total protein from 50 % (w/v) disrupted <em>E. coli</em> cells. Stirred fluidized bed adsorption (SFBA) using STREAMLINE DEAE adsorbent enabled direct purification from unclarified feedstock. At a linear velocity of 100 cm/h and a stirring speed of 100 rpm, the SFBA process achieved 96.3 % recovery, a 2.9-fold purification factor, and a productivity of 2.82 × 10<sup>−2</sup> mg/mL/min—surpassing previously reported methods. These results demonstrate an efficient, scalable purification approach for EGFP recovery directly from crude lysates, eliminating the need for centrifugation or filtration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8766,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Engineering Journal","volume":"222 ","pages":"Article 109822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}