Miguel A Gonzálvez, Sergio Diaz-Alonso, Juan José Gamboa-Carballo, Karinne Miqueu, György Szalóki, Didier Bourissou
{"title":"Redox-active photocatalytic N^C cyclometalated gold(III) catecholate complexes.","authors":"Miguel A Gonzálvez, Sergio Diaz-Alonso, Juan José Gamboa-Carballo, Karinne Miqueu, György Szalóki, Didier Bourissou","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.97","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.97","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The redox properties and photocatalytic activity of four N^C cyclometalated Au(III) catecholate complexes were investigated. They proved competent for the photocatalytic C-H arylation of furan with aryldiazonium salts under green LED irradiation. UV-vis studies supported the formation of electron donor-acceptor adducts between the Au(III) catecholate complexes and diazonium salts, enabling photoinduced electron transfer and aryl radical generation. Electrochemical, EPR, and DFT studies evidenced ligand-centered redox activity and the formation of Au(III) semiquinone species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1214-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Naoki Aiba, Mio Matsumura, Yuki Tada, Yuki Murata, Shuji Yasuike
{"title":"Bismuth(III)-catalyzed three-component selenation of imidazo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyridines or related arenes with selenium and arylboronic acids.","authors":"Naoki Aiba, Mio Matsumura, Yuki Tada, Yuki Murata, Shuji Yasuike","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.96","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.96","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unsymmetrical diaryl selenides bearing heteroaromatic moieties have attracted increasing attention because of their notable biological activities. In this paper, a novel bismuth-catalyzed three-component reaction is reported for the synthesis of 3-selanylimidazopyridines from imidazopyridines, arylboronic acids, and elemental selenium. The reaction proceeded under aerobic conditions at 100 °C using BiI<sub>3</sub> (10 mol %) as the catalyst, affording the desired products in moderate to good yields. The application of this method to other electron-rich arenes was also explored. This transformation represents the first example of a three-component reaction catalyzed by a bismuth reagent. The use of BiI<sub>3</sub>, a non-hygroscopic and low-toxicity catalyst, offers an alternative to traditional transition-metal-catalyzed systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1205-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An undecacyclic carbon-centered hydrocarbon radical: synthesis and investigation.","authors":"Ali S Acan, Johannes Werner, Joachim Podlech","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.95","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.95","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A stable, cyclopenta-fused polyaromatic hydrocarbon (CP-PAH) radical, comprising six six-membered and five five-membered rings alternately fused within an undecacyclic framework, was synthesized via <i>ortho</i>-fusion of a suitably <i>o,o</i>'-substituted difluorenylfluorene, followed by establishment of the π-conjugated system. The target radical was obtained in eight consecutive synthetic steps with an overall yield of 7%, with a Suzuki coupling and cyclization via electrophilic aromatic substitution (S<sub>E</sub>Ar) serving as key steps. Mesityl substituents attached to the five-membered rings provide kinetic stabilization of the radical species. Comprehensive characterization was performed using EPR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry, further supported by quantum-chemical calculations. The computational studies enabled simulation of the UV-vis spectra and provided insights into spin-density distribution, aromaticity, and frontier orbital energies. The radical is best described by the resonance structure in which the unpaired electron is predominantly localized on the outer cyclopentadiene units, maximizing the number of preserved aromatic benzene sextets. Calculations indicate only a minor triradical contribution to the electronic ground state. Notably, the five-membered rings, particularly the central ring, exhibits pronounced antiaromatic character.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1196-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Triazole-based hybrid molecules in anticancer drug discovery: structural classes and mechanistic insights, 2014-2025.","authors":"Meena Bhandari, Akshi Goyal, Deepak Yadav","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.94","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.94","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triazole-based hybrids have evolved into important pharmacophores in the search for anticancer drugs because of their varied biological profiles and structural adaptability. The versatility of triazole scaffolds in forming hybrid molecules with other compounds such as pyridines, coumarins, chalcones, pyrimidines, indoles, etc., has expanded the range of potential anticancer compounds. This review presents an overview of recent progress in the biological assessment of triazole-based hybrid compounds as potential anticancer agents, focusing on their structure, activity, and mechanisms of action. The findings outlined here underscore the therapeutic potential of triazole hybrids and lay the groundwork for designing future anticancer drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1168-1195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13550846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zsuzsanna Szalai, Janka Bednárik, András Miskó, Angéla Takács, László Kőhidai, László Drahos, György Keglevich
{"title":"The surprising reaction of (chloro- and methanesulfonyloxy)(phenyl)methylphosphonates and -(phenyl)methylphosphine oxides with potassium diphenylphosphide followed by oxidation.","authors":"Zsuzsanna Szalai, Janka Bednárik, András Miskó, Angéla Takács, László Kőhidai, László Drahos, György Keglevich","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.93","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>α-Hydroxyphosphonates and α-hydroxyphosphine oxides are important intermediates for additional biologically active species. While (hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)(diphenyl)phosphine oxide did not even undergo chlorination with thionyl chloride, the reaction of diethyl chloro(phenyl)methylphosphonate with potassium diphenylphosphide followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide resulted in the expected bis(>P(O)-functionalized) product only as a minor component. The similar reaction of the analogous (methanesulfonyloxy)(phenyl)methyl derivative afforded a mixture of a diethyl (diethoxyphosphonyl)(phenyl)methyl phosphate, a diethyl (diphenylphosphinyl)(phenyl)methyl phosphate, and a ((diphenylphosphinyl)(phenyl)methyl) diphenylphosphinate. The formation of the unexpected products was explained assuming rearrangements and reversible formation of the hydroxymethylene-bis(>P(O)-functionalized) intermediate. Contrary to the earlier experiences, the reaction of ((methanesulfonyloxy)(phenyl)methyl)(diaryl)phosphine oxides with potassium diphenylphosphide followed by oxidation took place in a clear-cut manner providing, with one exception, the corresponding α-phosphinylated α-hydroxyphosphine oxides that could also be synthesized by direct phosphinylation of the starting α-hydroxyphosphine oxide. Cell viability assays performed on U266 myeloma cells revealed concentration-dependent antiproliferative effects of the synthesized compounds on U266 myeloma cells, highlighting the key role of the phosphinoyloxy moiety in the cytotoxic activity, which may be enhanced further by 4-methyl groups in the P-phenyl rings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1160-1167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kai Zhang, Haofan Shao, Kangjun Liao, Ying Xu, Shimei Du, Yanfang Zhao, Gang Li, Wenzhen Xu, Haihong Huang, Peng Li
{"title":"A cascade synthesis of 2-aminothiochromones from 2-fluorophenyl ketone and thiocarbonyldiimidazole.","authors":"Kai Zhang, Haofan Shao, Kangjun Liao, Ying Xu, Shimei Du, Yanfang Zhao, Gang Li, Wenzhen Xu, Haihong Huang, Peng Li","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.22.92","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A highly efficient cascade synthesis of various substituted 2-aminothiochromones was developed. The commercially available thiocarbonyldiimidazole (TCDI) acted as a key precursor in the construction of a sulfur-containing scaffold from 2-fluorophenyl ketone. Subsequent conjugated addition-elimination resulted in the corresponding 2-aminothiochromones under mild conditions. This simple protocol tolerates a broad range of functional groups and provides concise access to various 2-aminothiochromones in good to excellent yields (up to 94%).</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1151-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13478896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenyan Yao, Huanhuan Zhang, Xiaolong Yang, Feng Liu
{"title":"Construction of CF<sub>2</sub> moieties in FDA-approved drugs (2016-2025): industrial routes, mechanisms, and scale-up considerations.","authors":"Wenyan Yao, Huanhuan Zhang, Xiaolong Yang, Feng Liu","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.91","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.91","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incorporation of CF<sub>2</sub> moieties into drug molecules offers unique advantages in improving metabolic stability and target affinity, making their efficient construction a major focus in pharmaceutical process chemistry. This review systematically examines the synthetic processes of 12 FDA-approved CF<sub>2</sub>-containing drugs from 2016 to 2025, categorizing them according to the chemical environment of the CF<sub>2</sub> group (alkyl-CF<sub>2</sub>, heteroaryl-CF<sub>2</sub>, and ArO-CF<sub>2</sub>). For each drug, the industrial routes for CF<sub>2</sub> construction and the reasons for eliminating alternative routes are analyzed. Methods for CF<sub>2</sub> formation are classified into two major strategies: fluorinating reagent-based approaches and building block-based approaches. Key process steps and scale-up data are summarized in Table 1. The article systematically discusses four types of reaction mechanisms - nucleophilic fluorination, electrophilic fluorination, radical pathways, and carbene insertion - and evaluates their applicability in industrial production. The analysis shows that for alkyl-CF<sub>2</sub> groups, the industry strongly favors preformed CF<sub>2</sub> building blocks or indirect fluorination strategies to avoid hazardous reagents and harsh conditions. Continuous flow technology using SF<sub>4</sub> has emerged as an important complement to traditional fluorination methods. For heteroaryl-CF<sub>2</sub> groups, metal-catalyzed direct introduction of the CF<sub>2</sub> unit still faces challenges for industrial application, whereas the difluorocarbene route for ArO-CF<sub>2</sub> has been validated. This review provides a reference for process development of new CF<sub>2</sub>-containing drugs, from strategic design to scale-up evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1122-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13454886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiuyun Li, Ying Liu, Baoyue Wei, Yu Sun, Di Mao, Yanmin Zou, Shan Lu
{"title":"Discovery of sugarnitriles A and B, and structural reassignment of SF-2140, from a sugarcane endophytic actinomycete <i>Amycolatopsis</i> sp. JS-O27.","authors":"Qiuyun Li, Ying Liu, Baoyue Wei, Yu Sun, Di Mao, Yanmin Zou, Shan Lu","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.90","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.90","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three rare cyano-substituted indole <i>N</i>-glycosides, SF-2140 (<b>1</b>) and its two previously undescribed derivatives, sugarnitriles A (<b>2</b>) and B (<b>3</b>), were isolated from a sugarcane endophytic actinomycete <i>Amycolatopsis</i> sp. JS-O27. The planar structures of <b>1</b>-<b>3</b> were established by HRESIMS data and detailed 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic analysis, and the conformations of the sugar moieties were deduced by the analysis of <sup>3</sup> <i>J</i> <sub>H-H</sub> coupling constants and NOESY data, and comparison of their electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds <b>1</b> and <b>3</b> exhibited moderate to weak antibacterial activity against <i>Escherichia coli</i> at 100 μg/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1114-1121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rhodopyran, a carboxylated hexahydrocyclopenta[<i>b</i>]pyran from <i>Rhodococcus</i>.","authors":"Enjuro Harunari, Sara Fushimi, Yasuhiro Igarashi","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.89","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.89","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new bicyclic metabolite, rhodopyran (<b>1</b>), was isolated from the culture broth of <i>Rhodococcus</i> sp. strain RD066637. The planar structure was elucidated by 1D/2D NMR analyses and HRMS spectrometry, and the relative configuration was assigned from vicinal coupling constants and NOESY correlations, while the absolute configuration remains undetermined. Rhodopyran represents a structurally unusual carboxylated hexahydrocyclopenta[<i>b</i>]pyran and expands the known metabolite diversity of <i>Rhodococcus</i>, highlighting <i>Rhodococcus</i> as a source of uncommon natural-product scaffolds.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1107-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelvin Sze-Yim Cai, Brian Boyan Liu, Franco King-Chi Leung
{"title":"Controlled supramolecular assemblies of luminescent tridentate cyclometalated alkynylgold(III) amphiphiles in aqueous media.","authors":"Kelvin Sze-Yim Cai, Brian Boyan Liu, Franco King-Chi Leung","doi":"10.3762/bjoc.22.88","DOIUrl":"10.3762/bjoc.22.88","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gold(III) complexes and amphiphiles have been extensively investigated over a decade. Supramolecular assemblies of gold(III) amphiphiles in aqueous media exhibit high sensitivities to external stimulations for soft functional materials. Herein, we introduce a new molecular design of a tridentate cyclometalated gold(III) amphiphile (<b>GA</b>) with flexible molecular structure modifications. Counterion exchange with sodium tosylate induces notable luminescent enhancement and enables control over supramolecular assembly processes. This approach drives a supramolecular assembly transformation of <b>GA</b> from disordered nanosheets to well-ordered nanoribbons upon the additions of multiple equivalents of counterion, enabling a tunable pathway for controlled supramolecular transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8756,"journal":{"name":"Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"22 ","pages":"1097-1106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148598583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}