Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"From Guidelines to Social Media: A Content Analysis of Trauma-Informed Care on YouTube.","authors":"Aysha Jawed, Mollie Young, Sayyed Matin Zarkesh Esfahani","doi":"10.3390/bs15030340","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma-informed care is an increasingly trending clinical and organizational approach globally. Multiple guidelines exist on implementing trauma-informed care across healthcare systems, behavioral health programs, academic institutions, and prisons, among other settings. Although many studies have assessed the implementation of trauma-informed care guidelines and the integration of training into curricula for healthcare providers, workforces, and in clinical practice with individuals and communities, there have been no studies previously conducted to date on assessing the existing state of coverage on trauma-informed care across social media to inform future, actionable interventions. This represents a critical gap in research and practice given the increasingly prevalent utilization and accessibility of information online, especially via a multitude of social media platforms. This study is the first to assess the sources, format, and content across one of these social media platforms on YouTube. Content on trauma-informed care was examined through conducting a descriptive, observational study to determine the depth and breadth of content that was widely covered and uncovered across the top 100 widely viewed videos. Findings revealed that most of the content was published by professional, nongovernmental sources. A wide range of resources and strategies was presented on social media for utilizing trauma-informed care across diverse settings on individual and community levels. The five principles of trauma-informed care (safety, trustworthiness, collaboration, empowerment, and choice) were heavily reviewed among the widely viewed videos. A multitude of benefits was presented in terms of implementing trauma-informed care on both micro and macro levels. Social determinants of health were not widely covered but formed some of the stressors and triggers examined among the videos. DEI principles were also scantly covered across the videos. Several clinical and organizational implications are presented. Recommendations to integrate widely covered and uncovered content as targets for intervention in informing future trauma-informed approaches are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Do Consumers Trust and Accept AI Agents? An Extended Theoretical Framework and Empirical Evidence.","authors":"Xue Zhao, Weitao You, Ziqing Zheng, Shuhui Shi, Yinyu Lu, Lingyun Sun","doi":"10.3390/bs15030337","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI), AI agents are evolving into \"intelligent partners\" integrated into various consumer scenarios, posing new challenges to conventional consumer decision-making processes and perceptions. However, the mechanisms through which consumers develop trust and adopt AI agents in common scenarios remain unclear. Therefore, this article develops a framework based on the heuristic-systematic model to explain the behavioral decision-making mechanisms of future consumers. This model is validated through PLS-SEM with data from 632 participants in China. The results show that trust can link individuals' dual decision paths to further drive user behavior. Additionally, we identify the key drivers of consumer behavior from two dimensions. These findings provide practical guidance for businesses and policymakers to optimize the design and development of AI agents and promote the widespread acceptance and adoption of AI technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Adolescents' Future Time Orientation: The Italian Validation of the Scale and Links to Sustainability.","authors":"Sara Santilli, Maria Cristina Ginevra, Vinicius Coscioni","doi":"10.3390/bs15030338","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents today face significant exposure to social inequalities and environmental crises, including the impacts of climate change, such as heatwaves, floods, and droughts. In addition, they encounter various forms of inequality, such as job insecurity, lack of affordable housing, and growing mental health challenges. Future perception is an essential variable in understanding how adolescents address these social and environmental challenges. Thus, this study adapted the Future Time Orientation Scale (FTOS) to the Italian context, assessing its validity and reliability for measuring psychological future orientation among Italian-speaking adolescents. Two studies were conducted: the first validated the FTOS through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, revealing two factors, \"Impact\" and \"Distance\". The second study examined the relationship between future time orientation, future orientation in the professional field, and adolescents' propensity to consider global challenges related to sustainable development. The results indicated that future orientation fully mediates the relationship between future time orientation and the tendency to consider global challenges in career decision-making. These findings underscore the importance of future orientation in shaping adolescents' sustainable career choices and suggest that career interventions promoting future time orientation may enhance their engagement with global challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Personality in Older Spanish Adolescents.","authors":"Celia Cuadri, Joan García-Perales, Isabel Martínez, Feliciano Henriques Veiga","doi":"10.3390/bs15030339","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescence is a critical period for identity formation and psychological adjustment, where parenting styles play a fundamental role in shaping socialization and emotional development. The present study analyzed the relationships of parenting styles with the Big Five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and intellect), self-esteem, and life satisfaction in older Spanish adolescents. A sample of 366 Spanish university students (69.1% girls and 30.9% boys) aged 18 and 19 years completed measures assessing parenting styles, personality traits, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Data analysis involved a multivariate approach, considering the four parenting styles as independent variables. The results of the MANOVA test indicate that adolescents raised with indulgent and authoritative parenting exhibit significantly higher levels of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, self-esteem, and life satisfaction compared to those raised with neglectful or authoritarian parenting. These findings highlight the influence of parenting styles not only on adolescent well-being, but also on personality development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Validation of the Danish Version of the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSoDDK) and a Comparison of Performance on the SBSoD Across Samples with Different Nationalities.","authors":"Maria Beck Gaarde, Christian Gerlach","doi":"10.3390/bs15030334","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Santa Barbara Sense of Direction scale (SBSoD) is a self-report scale that assesses the ability to orient oneself in the environment. With the current study, we validated the Danish version of the SBSoD (SBSoDDK) and compared performance on the SBSoD across samples with different nationalities. We collected data for a Danish sample consisting of 119 Danish university students and received data from studies validating other versions of the SBSoD using American, German, Japanese, Chinese, Turkish, and British samples. The internal consistency and convergent and discriminant validity of the SBSoDDK, which exhibited a two-factor structure, were affirmed, and differences in performance on the SBSoD across samples with different nationalities were identified and may be linked to cultural variations in the sense of direction. The current study has certain weaknesses, including using nationality as a proxy for culture and variations in the gender compositions of the samples. Future studies should focus on addressing the current study's weaknesses and revising and further validating the SBSoD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939166/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prefrontal-Dependent and Gender-Specific Modulation of Guilt Emotion on Human Early Visual Perception.","authors":"Mingyang Sun, Lihong Chen","doi":"10.3390/bs15030333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative emotions can shape human visual perception, which is mainly investigated using basic emotions such as fear. Whether guilt emotion, which is a negative moral emotion originating late in our evolutionary ancestry, has similar modulatory effects as basic emotions is largely unexplored. Here, we employed a dot estimation task to induce feelings of guilt and subsequently measured the Ebbinghaus illusion strength. The photos of victims' faces were projected on the central circle of the Ebbinghaus configuration. The results showed that guilt significantly strengthened the illusion effect relative to control condition, which was observed only for female participants playing with same-gender partners and reversed to the opposite pattern with disruption of left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The findings suggest that guilt can sculpt early visual perception in a gender-specific and prefrontal-dependent manner, thus broaden our understanding of guilt emotion and have implications for relevant neuropsychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Machine-Learning-Based Approach to Informing Student Admission Decisions.","authors":"Tuo Liu, Cosima Schenk, Stephan Braun, Andreas Frey","doi":"10.3390/bs15030330","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>University resources are limited, and strategic admission management is required in certain fields that have high application volumes but limited available study places. Student admission processes need to select an appropriate number of applicants to ensure the optimal enrollment while avoiding over- or underenrollment. The traditional approach often relies on the enrollment yields from previous years, assuming fixed admission probabilities for all applicants and ignoring statistical uncertainty, which can lead to suboptimal decisions. In this study, we propose a novel machine-learning-based approach to improving student admission decisions. Trained on historical application data, this approach predicts the number of enrolled applicants conditionally based on the number of admitted applicants, incorporates the statistical uncertainty of these predictions, and derives the probability of the number of enrolled applicants being larger or smaller than the available study places. The application of this approach is illustrated using empirical application data from a German university. In this illustration, first, several machine learning models were trained and compared. The best model was selected. This was then applied to applicant data for the next year to estimate the individual enrollment probabilities, which were aggregated to predict the number of applicants enrolled and the probability of this number being larger or smaller than the available study places. When this approach was compared with the traditional approach using fixed enrollment yields, the results showed that the proposed approach enables data-driven adjustments to the number of admitted applicants, ensuring controlled risk of over- and underenrollment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods Employed in Studies Identifying \"Levels\" of Test Anxiety in University Students: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Jerrell C Cassady, Ser Hong Tan, Al Robiullah, Isabella Badzovski, Jessica Janiuk","doi":"10.3390/bs15030331","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Test anxiety research has been dominated by attention to theory building and examining the causes and consequences of this construct. However, recently, considerable attention has been turned toward using test anxiety as a diagnostic indicator of students who are at risk of underperforming in educational settings. This systematic review of the literature was focused on (a) describing the strategies used in the field, (b) highlighting the benefits and limitations of those approaches, and (c) offering guidance in creating a framework for appropriate methods when identifying severity levels on measures of test anxiety for university students. The results confirmed that the vast majority of studies on test anxiety have no formal \"leveling\" approaches (maintaining test anxiety as a continuous variable). However, when researchers do employ \"leveling\" strategies, the majority adopt inappropriate methods (e.g., single-sample splits). However, there are exemplars that demonstrate statistically sound procedures for identifying distinct profiles of test anxiety that may form a basis to build consensus around a classification method for elevated test anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Individual Capabilities in Maximizing the Benefits for Students Using GenAI Tools in Higher Education.","authors":"Jia Qi, Ji'an Liu, Yanru Xu","doi":"10.3390/bs15030328","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the adoption and benefits of GenAI (Generative Artificial Intelligence) tools among higher education students have been widely explored in existing studies, less is known about how individual capabilities influence the use of these tools. Drawing on the Information System Success Model (ISSM) and the Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM), this study examines how students' capabilities, including critical thinking, self-directed learning ability, and AI literacy, impact the quality of information obtained from GenAI tools. Additionally, it explores the relationships among information quality, student satisfaction, and the intention to continue using GenAI tools in higher education. Survey data from 1448 GenAI tools users in Chinese universities reveal that students with stronger capabilities tend to extract higher-quality information, which in turn fosters their satisfaction with GenAI tools and the intention to continue using these tools. The findings highlight the crucial role of individual capabilities in maximizing the potential of GenAI tools, and it emphasizes the need to cultivate students' critical thinking, self-directed learning ability, and AI literacy to achieve sustainable success in the GenAI era. Theoretically, this study extends the ISSM and ECM by exploring the impact of students' capabilities and the mediating role of user satisfaction between information quality and the intention to continue using GenAI tools. Practically, this study provides implications for educators and policymakers to enhance students' capabilities, thus maximizing the potential benefits of GenAI tools in higher education.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Bicycle Riding Behavior and Attention on University Campuses: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach.","authors":"Wenyun Tang, Yang Tao, Jiayu Gu, Jiahui Chen, Chaoying Yin","doi":"10.3390/bs15030327","DOIUrl":"10.3390/bs15030327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The traffic behavior characteristics within university campuses have received limited scholarly attention, despite their distinct differences from external road networks. These differences include the predominance of non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians in traffic flow composition, as well as traffic peaks primarily coinciding with class transition periods. To investigate the riding behavior of cyclists on university campuses, this study examines cyclist attention, proposes a novel method for constructing a rider attention recognition framework, utilizes a hierarchical ordered logistic model to analyze the factors influencing attention, and evaluates the model's performance. The findings reveal that traffic density and riding style significantly influence cyclists' eye-tracking characteristics, which serve as indicators of their attention levels. The covariates of lane gaze time and the coefficient of variation in pupil diameter exhibited significant effects, indicating that a hierarchical ordered logistic model incorporating these covariates can more effectively capture the impact of influencing factors on cyclist attention. Moreover, the hierarchical ordered logistic model achieved a 7.22% improvement in predictive performance compared to the standard ordered logistic model. Additionally, cyclists exhibiting a \"conservative\" riding style were found to be more attentive than those adopting a \"aggressive\" riding style. Similarly, cyclists navigating \"sparse\" traffic conditions were more likely to maintain attention compared to those in \"dense\" traffic scenarios. These findings provide valuable insights into the riding behavior of university campus cyclists and have significant implications for improving traffic safety within such environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}