Behavioral Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Resilience and Social-Emotional Expertise as Predictors of Problematic Internet Use Among University Students.","authors":"Gözde Önal, Turan Emre Özdemir","doi":"10.3390/bs15050650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Problematic internet use has become an increasing concern among university students, as it may negatively affect academic performance, emotional well-being, and social functioning. Understanding the psychological and emotional factors that influence internet use is crucial to developing effective preventive strategies. This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and social-emotional competence and problematic internet use among university students. This study was conducted with the participation of 191 students. The students' problematic internet use levels were assessed using the Generalized Problematic Internet Use Scale-2, their resilience levels were assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and their social-emotional competence levels were assessed using the Social-Emotional Competence Scale. Regression analysis was performed using the elastic net regression model and partial least squares (PLC) model. The general resilience level (<i>p</i> = 0.0015) and its sub-dimensions of tenacity (<i>p</i> = 0.0014), tolerance to negative affect (<i>p</i> = 0.0114), and spirituality (<i>p</i> = 0.0278) were found to be significant predictors of problematic internet use. The general social emotional competence level (<i>p</i> = 0.0115) and adaptability (<i>p</i> = 0.0278) were found to significantly predict problematic internet use. The predictive factors for the social interaction domain of problematic internet use were tenacity (<i>p</i> = 0.04), adaptability (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and expressivity (<i>p</i> = 0.03), while for negative results, they were tolerance to negative events (<i>p</i> = 0.05), spirituality (<i>p</i> = 0.04), and adaptability (<i>p</i> = 0.05). The factors affecting emotional regulation were tenacity (<i>p</i> = 0.03), spirituality (<i>p</i> = 0.03), adaptability (<i>p</i> = 0.03), and expressivity (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Only the spirituality (<i>p</i> = 0.05) and expressivity (<i>p</i> = 0.04) levels predicted insufficient self-regulation. The effects of the resilience and social-emotional competence levels on problematic internet use should not be ignored. In the plans and interventions to be developed, it is of great importance to take measures to improve the level of resilience and social-emotional competence skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to Reduce Burnout Among University Lecturers: A Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Beibei Cao, Norlizah Che Hassan, Muhd Khaizer Omar","doi":"10.3390/bs15050649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The teaching profession is widely recognized as highly challenging due to its intense workload, emotional demands, and ongoing stressors. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) aims to identify and evaluate various interventions that have been implemented to address lecturer burnout over the past five years. A thorough review of 21 studies published between 2020 and 2024 was conducted across five major databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ERIC, and APA PsycINFO. Relevant search terms were used to explore the effectiveness of different interventions aimed at reducing lecturer burnout. Articles were extracted, reviewed, collated, and thematically analyzed to synthesize the findings. Seven distinct interventions were identified as effective in reducing burnout. The most commonly studied intervention was social support, followed by training programs. Other interventions demonstrating positive results include supportive work environments, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), and psychological capital. Additionally, interventions that balanced work and life conditions, facilitated teaching transitions, helped lecturers reevaluate major work demands, and encouraged the utilization of character strengths were also found to yield beneficial outcomes. The implementation of targeted, school-based interventions is crucial for reducing burnout and enhancing the overall well-being of university lecturers. Policymakers, administrators, and educational leaders should prioritize the implementation of school-based awareness and intervention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyberbullying Based on Social Stigmas and Social, Emotional and Moral Competencies.","authors":"Antonio J Rodríguez-Hidalgo, Victoria S Camargo, Almudena Hurtado-Mellado","doi":"10.3390/bs15050646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyberbullying is a violent phenomenon that threatens health and development in adolescence. Some studies suggest that minority groups or those who deviate from socially desirable characteristics are at a greater risk of cyberbullying. However, there have been few studies on social stigma-based cyberbullying (SSB). This study aims to carry out the following: to know the prevalence of roles of involvement in cyberbullying and SSB cyberbullying; to understand the possible relationships between SSB cybervictimization and SSB cyberaggression and the different dimensions of moral disengagement, moral emotions and social and emotional competencies; and to know the possible statistical associations between roles and the variables described above. A total of 601 secondary school students took part in this study, aged 12-19 (M = 14.22, SD = 1.355). A self-report battery of scales was employed to measure the constructs under investigation, and various statistical analyses were conducted. The results show that 22.29% are recognized as cybervictims, 7.82% as cyberaggressors and 35.11% as cybervictims/cyberaggressors in general cyberbullying. In SSB cyberbullying, the percentages were 20.30%, 3% and 8.32%, respectively. Moreover, it was revealed that SSB cyberaggression was related to moral disengagement and SSB cybervictimization was related to moral emotions. Social competence and emotional competence were positively related to social stigma-based cybervictimization. The results are discussed and new lines of research and interventions focused on social competences and moral emotions are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Motivation (Desire): Problems with Current Preclinical and Clinical Evaluations of Treatment Effects and a Solution.","authors":"Anders Ågmo","doi":"10.3390/bs15050642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been an extensive search for efficient pharmacological treatment of female sexual interest/arousal disorder and other sexual dysfunctions. However, available treatments have met limited success, except for the drugs used for treating erectile deficiency. A possible reason for this may be that both the preclinical and clinical evaluation of treatment effects have been inadequate. The present literature review shows that the intensity of sexual approach behaviors in non-human animals appears to be predictive of clinical effect whereas the traditional studies of copulatory behaviors and associated motor patterns have questionable predictive power regarding effects on human sexual desire. In clinical studies, it is essential to include the unconscious components of sexual motivation in any approach to its quantification. This basic fact is incompatible with the use of self-reports for evaluating treatment effects on motivation. Genital responses to sexual incentives are automatic and therefore outside of volitional control and can, therefore, provide unbiased estimates of the intensity of sexual motivation. These responses may be objectively quantified. Tests for implicit sexual motivation must also be used for capturing unconscious mental components. Including the unconscious components of sexual motivation as well as of objective measures of genital responses in clinical studies may improve evaluations of the effectiveness of drug treatment of low sexual interest/arousal disorder. In preclinical studies, predictive validity can be improved by quantifying sexual approach behaviors rather than copulatory behavior. The paradigm shift suggested here may finally allow for the discovery of efficient treatments for some sexual dysfunctions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Urban Dialect Ability of Migrant Children Significantly Affect Academic Performance? Analysis of Mediating Effects Based on School Integration.","authors":"Yuelong Ming, Cixian Lv, Zihan Wang, Haoran Cui, Kejun Zhang, Xiaotong Zhi","doi":"10.3390/bs15050645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the relationship between the urban dialect ability and academic performance of migrant children, as well as the role of school integration between the two. This study collected data from 1687 migrant children aged 5-15 from 28 county-level units (counties, districts, cities) in China, sourced from the 2010 China Education Panel Survey (CEPS). The research results indicate the following: (1) the urban dialect ability of migrant children has a significant positive impact on their academic performance. (2) School identification, peer-peer engagement, and peer acceptance, as the three dimensions of school integration, play a mediating role between the urban dialect ability and academic performance of migrant children. Overall, this study provides theoretical support and policy recommendations for promoting school integration and academic performance development for migrant children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UMAI-WINGS: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Implementing mHealth Intimate Partner Violence Prevention Intervention in Reducing Intimate Partner Violence Among Women from Key Affected Populations in Kazakhstan Using a Community-Based Approach.","authors":"Assel Terlikbayeva, Sholpan Primbetova, Ohshue S Gatanaga, Mingway Chang, Yelena Rozental, Meruert Nurkatova, Zulfiya Baisakova, Yelena Bilokon, Shelly E Karan, Anindita Dasgupta, Louisa Gilbert","doi":"10.3390/bs15050641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Key affected populations (KAPs), including women who use drugs, engage in sex work, or live with HIV, are disproportionately affected by HIV, gender-based violence, substance use, and mental health. In Kazakhstan, they face significantly higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV), with prevalence ranging from 45% to 75% compared to the national average of 27%, alongside barriers to accessing IPV services. This community-level implementation trial with a waitlist control group evaluated the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of a self-paced mobile health intervention (UMAI-WINGS) for women from KAPs in Kazakhstan. The study enrolled 508 women, with 306 in Almaty City (intervention) and 200 in Almaty Oblast (waitlist control). IPV rates (physical, sexual, and psychological) were assessed at baseline and 6-months post-intervention. Participants in the intervention community were significantly less likely to report psychological (-23.0%), sexual (-27.0%), and physical IPV (-29.0%) at the 6-month follow-up compared to the control group. These results demonstrate the potential of digital, community-driven interventions to reduce IPV among marginalized women and offer a scalable, evidence-based model for implementation. The success of the UMAI-WINGS underscores the value of community-based, mobile health approaches for advancing trauma-informed, survivor-centered care and closing critical service gaps for underserved populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) as a Measure of Emotional Well-Being.","authors":"Shane L Rogers, Nicole Brown, Matthew Goulding, Kathryn Campbell, Brennen Mills, Ross Hollett, Travis Cruickshank, Kazunori Nosaka","doi":"10.3390/bs15050643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents initial reliability and validity evidence for the Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) as a measure of emotional well-being. Using ordinal confirmatory factor analysis across three cross-sectional samples, Australian university students (<i>n</i> = 1239), the general public (<i>n</i> = 5631), and school students from Australia and the UK (<i>n</i> = 767). A correlated two-factor structure was supported. In the university sample, the BEES demonstrated strong convergent validity with other well-being measures and was linked to the lowest levels of reported distress when completing the survey. Preliminary cut-offs for high emotional distress were developed via comparison with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), identifying around 20% of females and 10% of males as highly distressed. The findings of this research indicate the BEES can be utilised as a simple, flexible, and low-burden measure of emotional well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prefrontal Oxygenation in a Subjective Decision on a Situational Danger Assessment Task: Personality Traits and Decision-Making Styles Involvement.","authors":"Ferran Balada, Neus Aymamí, Óscar García, Luis F García, Anton Aluja","doi":"10.3390/bs15050647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated prefrontal cortex activity during the viewing and evaluation of pictures depicting scenarios with varying levels of danger, with a focus on the modulatory effects of personality traits and decision-making styles. The study sample included 120 male participants (44.4 ± 12.9 years) and 87 female participants (38.9 ± 10.5 years). Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure prefrontal oxygenation during the period of looking at pictures and the subsequent period of judging how dangerous they looked. Psychometric assessments included the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) and the Melbourne Decision-Making Questionnaire (MDMQ). The results revealed significant time-by-region (<i>F</i> = 2.9, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and danger level by region interactions (<i>F</i> = 2.8, <i>p</i> = 0.021) during the viewing period. During the evaluation period, a significant time-by-region interaction was observed (<i>F</i> = 8.7, <i>p</i> < 0.001). High sensation seekers exhibited reduced oxygenation levels in specific right prefrontal regions, reflecting a differential neural response to varying danger levels. Similarly, individuals with higher Aggressiveness and Extraversion displayed distinct oxygenation patterns during the evaluation phase, suggesting that personality traits influence prefrontal activity. However, no significant effects of decision-making styles were detected in either phase. These findings emphasise the pivotal role of the prefrontal cortex in assessing scene safety and highlight how neural responses are modulated by personality traits, rather than by decision-making styles.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will Employee-AI Collaboration Enhance Employees' Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory.","authors":"Chenxi Sun, Xinan Zhao, Baorong Guo, Ningning Chen","doi":"10.3390/bs15050648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores how employee-AI collaboration can promote employees' proactive behavior by reducing their workload, and examines the mediating role of workload and the moderating effect of AI literacy. Based on a survey of employees across multiple industries, the study finds that employee-AI collaboration significantly reduces employees' workload, which in turn encourages more proactive behavior. In this process, workload serves as a central mediating mechanism, as it helps alleviate task pressure and frees up cognitive resources, enabling employees to take on additional responsibilities and put forward innovative suggestions. Furthermore, with increasing levels of employee-AI collaboration, employees with higher AI literacy tend to experience greater workload relief, while those with lower literacy demonstrate a stronger and more consistent proactive behavioral response. These findings offer theoretical insight into employee-AI interaction and practical implications for enhancing initiative and innovation through effective AI integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144156066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metacognitive Prompts Influence 7- to 9-Year-Olds' Executive Function at the Levels of Task Performance and Neural Processing.","authors":"Colin Drexler, Philip David Zelazo","doi":"10.3390/bs15050644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the role of metacognitive reflection in the development of children's executive function (EF) skills, the current study examined relations among implicit and explicit forms of metacognition in 7- to 9-year-olds during performance based on the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS), while experimentally manipulating the propensity to reflect on the task. Results showed that instructions to reflect led to improved task accuracy and better metacognitive control, but only in younger children, likely because older children were already engaging in reflection. Individual differences in trait mindfulness were related to a similarly reflective mode of responding, characterized by improved task accuracy and metacognitive control. In contrast, articulatory suppression impaired children's task accuracy and metacognitive monitoring. Additionally, simply asking children to make metacognitive judgments without extra instructions decreased the amplitude of event-related potential (ERP) indices of error detection (the error-related negativity; ERN) and conflict detection (the N2). Finally, individual differences in trait anxiety were related to larger Pe amplitudes. Taken together, the current findings reinforce theoretical frameworks integrating metacognition and EF and highlight the shared influence of metacognitive reflection across multiple levels of analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8742,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}