Autism最新文献_第4页

The to be, or not to be, of acting autistic. 自闭症的 "要 "与 "不要"。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241290270

Michelle Dean, Anders Nordahl-Hansen

{"title":"The to be, or not to be, of acting autistic.","authors":"Michelle Dean, Anders Nordahl-Hansen","doi":"10.1177/13623613241290270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241290270","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Autistic characters are becoming more common in film and television, and a growing number of production companies are making efforts to hire autistic actors to play autistic characters. The purpose of this study is to learn about the experiences of professional autistic actors who have played autistic characters in professional media productions. We also explored autistic actors' impressions of the autistic characters they have seen on screen. We interviewed nine professional autistic actors, who discussed their experiences as professional actors playing autistic characters. Interviews revealed the following themes, including (1) the advantages and disadvantages of disclosing autism, (2) professional networks, and (3) windows and mirrors. Throughout the interviews, the actors discussed instances when they needed to identify as being autistic to take advantage of autism-focused employment opportunities, and other instances when they felt more comfortable not identifying as autistic. Actors' professional support networks were knowledgeable about autism and advocated for the inclusion and employment of autistic actors. They appreciated the growing number of autistic characters on screen but hoped more production companies invest in authentic casting initiatives. Actors compel production companies to move away from overplayed stereotypical and misleading portrayals. The actors' recommendations for future autistic characterizations are described.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality-of-life measurement in randomised controlled trials of mental health interventions for autistic adults: A systematic review. 自闭症成人心理健康干预随机对照试验中的生活质量测量：系统综述。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241287586

Amanda Timmerman, Vasiliki Totsika, Valerie Lye, Laura Crane, Audrey Linden, Elizabeth Pellicano

{"title":"Quality-of-life measurement in randomised controlled trials of mental health interventions for autistic adults: A systematic review.","authors":"Amanda Timmerman, Vasiliki Totsika, Valerie Lye, Laura Crane, Audrey Linden, Elizabeth Pellicano","doi":"10.1177/13623613241287586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241287586","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Autistic people are more likely to have health problems than the general population. They, and people who care about them, have said mental health research is very important, and some autistic adults have said quality of life is the most helpful area to research when focusing on mental health. Autistic people should also be more deeply involved in making decisions in research. Our review aimed to find out if and how quality of life is being measured when mental health treatments are being tested, and how autistic people and the wider autism community are involved in these studies. We searched four databases and other sources and found over 10,000 records. But just 19 research studies were testing mental health treatments for autistic adults, and only five of those measured quality of life. When they did measure quality of life, it was measured in different ways and there was not much information given on how communities were involved. We suggest mental health research should measure quality of life more often and in ways that are more helpful for autistic people. Our analysis found that mental health research needs to include a wider variety of autistic people, and autistic people should be more involved in the various parts of research.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conversational topic maintenance and related cognitive abilities in autistic versus neurotypical children. 自闭症儿童与神经畸形儿童的对话话题维持能力及相关认知能力。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241286610

Kirsten Abbot-Smith, Danielle Matthews, Colin Bannard, Joshua Nice, Louise Malkin, David Williams, William Hobson

{"title":"Conversational topic maintenance and related cognitive abilities in autistic versus neurotypical children.","authors":"Kirsten Abbot-Smith, Danielle Matthews, Colin Bannard, Joshua Nice, Louise Malkin, David Williams, William Hobson","doi":"10.1177/13623613241286610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241286610","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Children who struggle to maintain conversation with peers often have fewer friends and lower popularity ratings, which can affect wellbeing. Verbal social communication more broadly is linked to both behavioural difficulties and emotional problems. We carried out three studies to examine children's ability to provide responses which keep a back and forth conversation going. The first study found that while autistic children had on average greater difficulties than their neurotypical peers with certain aspects of conversation topic maintenance, for other aspects the autistic group showed considerable strengths. Both studies 2 (neurotypical children) and 3 (autistic children) found relationships between, on the one hand, conversational ability, and on the other, the ability to consider another's viewpoint and the ability to maintain and update information in short term memory. We suggest support for social conversation skills should be part of mainstream classroom curricula for autistic and neurotypical children alike.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differing relationships between parenting stress, parenting practices and externalising behaviours in autistic children. 自闭症儿童的养育压力、养育方式和外化行为之间的不同关系。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241287569

Vedanta Suvarna, Lara Farrell, Dawn Adams, Lisa-Marie Emerson, Jessica Paynter

{"title":"Differing relationships between parenting stress, parenting practices and externalising behaviours in autistic children.","authors":"Vedanta Suvarna, Lara Farrell, Dawn Adams, Lisa-Marie Emerson, Jessica Paynter","doi":"10.1177/13623613241287569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241287569","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: There is much research on parenting stress and child behaviours of autistic children. However, researchers have rarely explored whether how parents raise their children (called 'parenting practices') links to parenting stress and child behaviours. This is important, as if we know which parenting practices lead to better outcomes, parents can be supported to use parenting practices that are most helpful to them and/or their child. We asked parents of school-aged children to complete a survey on parenting stress, parenting practices and child behaviours. We found that parents who reported being more stressed (i.e. high levels of parenting stress) reported their children showed more observable behaviours that others find challenging such as aggression. Parents who were more stressed also reported lower mindful parenting (i.e. a style of parenting characterised by being present, non-judgementally in the moment) and were more permissive (e.g. giving in) in their parenting. However, these parenting practices did not impact the link between parenting stress and child behaviours. Results suggest we should focus on ways to reduce parents' stress, which could include changing parenting practices which is consistent with strengths-based, neurodiversity-affirming approaches.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Suicide Assessment Kit-Modified Interview: Development and preliminary validation of a modified clinical interview for the assessment of suicidal thoughts and behavior in autistic adults. 自杀评估套件--修改版访谈：开发并初步验证用于评估自闭症成人自杀想法和行为的修改版临床访谈。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241289493

Darren Hedley, Zachary J Williams, Mark Deady, Philip J Batterham, Simon M Bury, Claire M Brown, Jo Robinson, Julian N Trollor, Mirko Uljarević, Mark A Stokes

引用次数: 0

'Just knowing it's there gives me comfort': Exploring the benefits and challenges of autism alert cards. 只要知道它在那里，我就会感到安慰"：探索自闭症警示卡的益处与挑战。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241286025

Chris Edwards, Abigail Ma Love, Rebecca L Flower, Ru Ying Cai, Vicki Gibbs

{"title":"'Just knowing it's there gives me comfort': Exploring the benefits and challenges of autism alert cards.","authors":"Chris Edwards, Abigail Ma Love, Rebecca L Flower, Ru Ying Cai, Vicki Gibbs","doi":"10.1177/13623613241286025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241286025","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: This study looks at how people use and feel about autism alert cards, which help Autistic people communicate their diagnosis/identity. We surveyed 272 Australian people, including 136 Autistic adults, 128 parents of Autistic children and eight Autistic children. About half of the participants used the card after ordering it, mostly in public places such as public transport, healthcare settings and in retail settings. People found the card helpful because it made it easier to explain their needs without having to speak and provided them a sense of security. However, some people treated Autistic people poorly after being shown the card due to a lack of understanding about autism. Many participants felt that more education about autism is needed to improve how people react to the alert card. Despite these challenges, most participants (76.2%) would recommend the alert card to others. This research shows that while autism alert cards can be very helpful, their effectiveness depends on how well other people understand and accept autism. To make these cards work better, we need more training and awareness programmes for the general public and professionals such as doctors or police officers who may interact with Autistic people.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the effectiveness of the Pragmatic Intervention Programme (PICP) with children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder: A non-randomised controlled trial. 探索自闭症谱系障碍和语言发育障碍儿童实用干预计划（PICP）的有效性：非随机对照试验。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241287017

Tatiana Pereira, Ana Margarida Ramalho, Pedro Sá Couto, Marisa Lousada

{"title":"Exploring the effectiveness of the Pragmatic Intervention Programme (PICP) with children with autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder: A non-randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Tatiana Pereira, Ana Margarida Ramalho, Pedro Sá Couto, Marisa Lousada","doi":"10.1177/13623613241287017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241287017","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and developmental language disorder (DLD) often have difficulties using language in social contexts. An intervention programme for preschool-age children with pragmatic difficulties, called Pragmatic Intervention Programme (PICP), showed positive effects for these children. However, it was important to confirm these effects with a larger group and analyse them separately for each condition. In this study, the effectiveness of the PICP was analysed in preschool-age children with ASD or DLD with difficulties in using language in social contexts. The study was carried out with 36 children. Twenty-two were allocated to an experimental group to receive the PICP-based intervention first, and 14 children were assigned to a control group (waiting list). Each child attended 24 PICP-based intervention sessions provided by a speech and language therapist. Progress was measured using a Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) and other language assessment instruments. The results showed that all children in the experimental group made significant progress in their language competencies, compared to the control group after the intervention. This study confirms that the PICP is effective in improving language competencies in preschool-age children with ASD and DLD with difficulties in using language for social purposes, regardless of their condition. These results emphasise the importance of tailored interventions for these children and point to areas for further research.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic review: Which psycho-social-environmental factors do autistic students identify as being important for positive experiences in mainstream secondary school? 系统回顾：自闭症学生认为哪些心理-社会-环境因素对他们在主流中学的积极体验很重要？

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241285974

Marisa McKinlay, David Thorpe, Eilidh Cage, Catherine Grainger, Carol Jasper, Mary Stewart

引用次数: 0

Symptoms of constipation in autistic adults: A systematic literature review on diagnostic methods and presence of actual symptoms. 自闭症成人的便秘症状：关于诊断方法和实际症状的系统性文献综述。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241289114

Wynn Smith, Charlotte Desprez

{"title":"Symptoms of constipation in autistic adults: A systematic literature review on diagnostic methods and presence of actual symptoms.","authors":"Wynn Smith, Charlotte Desprez","doi":"10.1177/13623613241289114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241289114","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Autistic people often experience gastrointestinal issues, with constipation being one of the most common concerns. However, there are currently no specific guidelines for diagnosing constipation in autistic adults. This makes it harder for healthcare providers to identify and treat the condition effectively. In this review, we analysed nine studies from 2012 to 2022 to understand the various methods used to diagnose constipation in autistic adults and their symptoms. We found that most studies used different approaches, such as questionnaires, standardized criteria, or observation. In addition, many studies focused on children and adolescents, leaving a gap in understanding symptoms in autistic adults. The studies highlighted symptoms that were not covered by official diagnostic criteria, such as sleep disturbances and challenging behaviours. This indicates a need for healthcare providers to consider a broader range of signs when diagnosing constipation in autistic people. Our review suggests that more research focusing on adults is needed to create tailored tools for diagnosing constipation in autistic adults. This will help improve accuracy and ensure better treatment outcomes. Understanding the unique ways constipation can present in autistic people is crucial for developing effective care strategies. For healthcare providers, this review emphasizes the importance of recognizing a wide range of symptoms when assessing constipation in autistic people. For policymakers, it highlights the need for age-specific guidelines to ensure that autistic adults receive the care and support they need. Further research will help refine these diagnostic tools and ultimately lead to better healthcare practices for autistic people.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unmet need for autism-aware care for gynaecological, menstrual and sexual wellbeing. 在妇科、月经和性健康方面，对具有自闭症意识的护理需求尚未得到满足。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241290628

Richard O de Visser, Rachel Mosely, Julie Gamble-Turner, Laura Hull, Felicity Sedgewick, Charlotte Featherstone, Chella Quint Obe, Eloise Freeman, Marianna Karavidas

{"title":"Unmet need for autism-aware care for gynaecological, menstrual and sexual wellbeing.","authors":"Richard O de Visser, Rachel Mosely, Julie Gamble-Turner, Laura Hull, Felicity Sedgewick, Charlotte Featherstone, Chella Quint Obe, Eloise Freeman, Marianna Karavidas","doi":"10.1177/13623613241290628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241290628","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Autistic people often experience difficulties with healthcare, and are more likely than neurotypical people to have unmet healthcare needs. They may also be more likely to find menstruation and menopause more difficult than neurotypical women. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) often have insufficient training and support to work with autistic adults, and they often lack the skills or confidence to discuss reproductive and sexual health (RSH) with patients. When these two issues are combined, it would appear that autistic people may experience particular difficulties when seeking RSH care. The aim of this study was to explore autistic people's experiences of healthcare related to RSH in the United Kingdom. Surveys were distributed with assistance of an autism charity, and were completed by 136 adults. The survey consisted mainly of tick-box responses, but there were also several opportunities for participants to write comments about their experiences. Respondents felt that HCPs almost never seem to know how autism affects their RSH. There was broad agreement that HCPs need to be more aware of the impact of autism on healthcare experiences in general, and the specific impacts of autism on RSH. The data provide a clear picture of unmet needs for autism-aware healthcare for RSH, but further research is required to explore HCPs' knowledge about how autism affects RSH. Combined with our findings, such research could inform the development of resources and training to improve healthcare for autistic people.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0