IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241260171

Lucía I Floríndez, Dominique H Como, Evelyn Law, Christine F Tran, Robert Johnson, José C Polido, Sharon A Cermak, Leah I Stein Duker

{"title":"Oral care interventions for autistic individuals: A systematic review.","authors":"Lucía I Floríndez, Dominique H Como, Evelyn Law, Christine F Tran, Robert Johnson, José C Polido, Sharon A Cermak, Leah I Stein Duker","doi":"10.1177/13623613241260171","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241260171","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Oral care-related challenges are well documented in the autistic community; dental care remains one of the most prevalent unmet health needs among autistic individuals. This review examined interventions designed to improve oral health in autistic individuals from children and adult populations. Through a systematic process, 36 studies were identified. These studies focused on improving home-based oral care skills and routines and reducing fear, anxiety, and/or negative behaviors in the dental clinic. Studies incorporated different types of techniques for facilitating oral care practice, including preparatory interventions to support home-based hygiene activities or improve an approaching dental encounter (n = 29), most often using visual aids, and/or strategies to manage behavioral difficulties exhibited in the dental office (n = 17). Some studies used both approaches (n = 10), combining visual aids prior to a visit with behavior management. Using an evidence-based rubric, we reviewed the methodological quality of the studies and found that most were only \"adequate\" (n = 8) or \"weak\" (n = 23) in reporting their evidence. This review has two key findings: (1) there is support for preparatory home-based visual interventions to improve toothbrushing and/or ready patients for dental visits; and (2) distraction or sensory-reducing interventions may also improve experiences in the dental clinic. Only one study purposefully recruited autistic adults, and no studies included intervention elements tailored to race/ethnicity, culture, and/or socioeconomic status. This review highlights the need for more studies investigating the impact of oral care-related interventions for autistic individuals of all ages and identifies a gap in interventions for autistic adults and those from minoritized populations.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141756853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

(Re)thinking about self-harm and autism: Findings from an online qualitative study on self-harm in autistic adults. (对自残和自闭症的（重新）思考：关于自闭症成人自我伤害的在线定性研究结果。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241271931

Sarah Je Marsden, Rachael Eastham, Alexandra Kaley

{"title":"(Re)thinking about self-harm and autism: Findings from an online qualitative study on self-harm in autistic adults.","authors":"Sarah Je Marsden, Rachael Eastham, Alexandra Kaley","doi":"10.1177/13623613241271931","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241271931","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: There is a higher prevalence of self-harming behaviours within the autistic community than is experienced by the general population, in addition to co-occurring mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression. To date, research has focused on quantifying and categorising the numbers of autistic people self-harming, what types of harming they are engaging in and what functions the harming performs. Autism research has historically focused on the opinions and experiences of parents, carers and clinicians, with a belief that autistic people are unable to present their own experiences and thoughts accurately. This study adopted a qualitative method to develop themes arising from online forum discussions, using the words of autistic adults talking about how they experience and understand their self-harming behaviours. The analysis discovered that self-harming behaviours are used by autistic people as a way of coping with anxiety and depression and to relieve the build up of stress and sensory or mental overload that can otherwise lead to a meltdown. Repetitive behaviours such as stimming are also used to relieve the buildup of sensory over-stimulation and anxiety, but both stimming and meltdowns can also be self-harming behaviours if they cause tissue damage, and are believed to be childhood presentations which are stigmatised if expressed by an autistic adult. Many autistic adults find it hard to get help with self-harming behaviours because they are not taken seriously by professionals, as it is seen as part of autism and cannot be helped, or the professionals do not have enough knowledge of autism.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"247-258"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short report: Integrated evaluations for autism spectrum disorder in pediatric primary care clinics. 简短报告：儿科初级保健诊所对自闭症谱系障碍的综合评估。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-22 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241260800

Serene Habayeb, Anne Inge, Erica Eisenman, Sheina Godovich, Maria Lauer, Amanda Hastings, Vanessa Fuentes, Melissa Long, Xavier Marshall, Alexis Khuu, Leandra Godoy

{"title":"Short report: Integrated evaluations for autism spectrum disorder in pediatric primary care clinics.","authors":"Serene Habayeb, Anne Inge, Erica Eisenman, Sheina Godovich, Maria Lauer, Amanda Hastings, Vanessa Fuentes, Melissa Long, Xavier Marshall, Alexis Khuu, Leandra Godoy","doi":"10.1177/13623613241260800","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241260800","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Primary care providers often screen for autism during well child visits in the first few years of life and refer children for diagnostic evaluations when needed. However, most children do not receive a diagnosis until years later which delays access to services. Racism, socioeconomic status, and other systemic inequalities that limit access to health care further delay diagnostic evaluations. Mental health clinicians who work in primary care clinics can help address barriers to accessing diagnostic evaluation services once they are recommended by their primary care provider. However, mental health clinicians who work in primary care typically do not have training in diagnosing autism. The goal of this study was to evaluate a program training mental health professionals working in an urban primary care setting, primarily serving Black and Latinx families insured by Medicaid, to provide autism diagnostic evaluations. Two hundred and fifty children completed evaluations through the Autism in Primary Care (APC) program. The wait time to access an evaluation through APC was significantly shorter than through standard avenues of care (e.g. referring to a separate autism clinic). Referring primary care providers and caregivers endorsed high levels of satisfaction with the program. Conducting autism evaluations in primary care settings offers a promising opportunity to improve earlier diagnosis and treatment access for families, reduce inequities in care, and increase caregiver and child well-being.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141440155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design, methodology, and early findings of an autism registry program: ABBILAR project.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241305723

Hassan Shahrokhi, Ayyoub Malek, Sanaz Norouzi, Shahrokh Amiri, Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar, Seifollah Heidarabadi, Ali Bahari Gharehgoz, Saeed Dastgiri, Mahsa Zali, Kamal Gholipour, Mohammad Barzegar, Raha Shahrokhi, Sahand Broumand, Shabnam Iezadi

引用次数: 0

'I did what I could to earn some money and be of use': A qualitative exploration of autistic people's journeys to career success and fulfilment.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241292177

Jade Davies, Rachel Melinek, Adam Livesey, Estelle Killick, Evelyn Sam, Anna Melissa Romualdez, Elizabeth Pellicano, Anna Remington

{"title":"'I did what I could to earn some money and be of use': A qualitative exploration of autistic people's journeys to career success and fulfilment.","authors":"Jade Davies, Rachel Melinek, Adam Livesey, Estelle Killick, Evelyn Sam, Anna Melissa Romualdez, Elizabeth Pellicano, Anna Remington","doi":"10.1177/13623613241292177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241292177","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Many autistic people want to work but have trouble finding jobs they like and can stick with. Most research tries to help more autistic people get jobs, but does not look at whether those jobs are fulfilling, or how people progress once they start working. We spoke to 18 autistic people about their experiences at work, and their ideas about success at work. Participants said finding fulfilment in their careers was key. We found five common 'themes' across the interviews. First, autistic people's careers often take unexpected turns. For example, many participants only got diagnosed as adults, which sometimes changed their work plans. Second, autistic people might need ongoing help with their career, including help with finding jobs they would enjoy and be good at, and advice on how to progress in their job. Third, getting along with others at work is really important. Having supportive colleagues helped our participants thrive, but workplace bullying forced some to leave their jobs. Fourth, workplaces need to be welcoming to everybody. Adjustments and understanding managers helped, but many of our participants' workplaces were not inclusive. Finally, bad work experiences can be devastating for mental health and well-being and negative experiences like bullying led some participants to quit working entirely. Our findings show that lifelong support tailored to each person and welcoming workplaces are important for autistic people to thrive at work. It is not enough to just hire autistic people - we need to help them have jobs they like and can stick with long-term.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241292177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-trained artificial intelligence language model represents pragmatic language variability central to autism and genetically related phenotypes. 预先训练的人工智能语言模型代表了自闭症和遗传相关表型的核心语用变异性。

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241304488

Joseph Cy Lau, Emily Landau, Qingcheng Zeng, Ruichun Zhang, Stephanie Crawford, Rob Voigt, Molly Losh

{"title":"Pre-trained artificial intelligence language model represents pragmatic language variability central to autism and genetically related phenotypes.","authors":"Joseph Cy Lau, Emily Landau, Qingcheng Zeng, Ruichun Zhang, Stephanie Crawford, Rob Voigt, Molly Losh","doi":"10.1177/13623613241304488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241304488","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Autism is clinically defined by challenges with social language, including difficulties offering on-topic language in a conversation. Similar differences are also seen in genetically related conditions such as fragile X syndrome (FXS), and even among those carrying autism-related genes who do not have clinical diagnoses (e.g., the first-degree relatives of autistic individuals and carriers of the FMR1 premutation), which suggests there are genetic influences on social language related to the genes involved in autism. Characterization of social language is therefore important for informing potential intervention strategies and understanding the causes of communication challenges in autism. However, current tools for characterizing social language in both clinical and research settings are very time and labor intensive. In this study, we test an automized computational method that may address this problem. We used a type of artificial intelligence known as pre-trained language model to measure aspects of social language in autistic individuals and their parents, non-autistic comparison groups, and individuals with FXS and the FMR1 premutation. Findings suggest that these artificial intelligence approaches were able to identify differences in social language in autism, and to provide insight into the individuals' ability to keep a conversation on-topic. These findings also were associated with broader measures of participants' social communication ability. This study is one of the first to use artificial intelligence models to capture important differences in social language in autism and genetically related groups, demonstrating how artificial intelligence might be used to provide automatized, efficient, and objective tools for language characterization.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241304488"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Focusing on autism symptoms masks sex-specific needs of autistic children: An example from the Sydney Child Neurodevelopment Research Registry.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241303550

Marie Antoinette Hodge, Rebecca Sutherland, Kelsie A Boulton, Sarah Jane Baracz, Natalie Ong, Beverley Bennett, Adam J Guastella, Natalie Silove

{"title":"Focusing on autism symptoms masks sex-specific needs of autistic children: An example from the Sydney Child Neurodevelopment Research Registry.","authors":"Marie Antoinette Hodge, Rebecca Sutherland, Kelsie A Boulton, Sarah Jane Baracz, Natalie Ong, Beverley Bennett, Adam J Guastella, Natalie Silove","doi":"10.1177/13623613241303550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241303550","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Studies have shown that there is a difference between biological sex at birth in autism spectrum disorder. There remains a lack of understanding about how the symptoms of autism differ between assigned males at birth and assigned females at birth. We looked at the presence of sex differences in a large group of autistic toddlers, children and adolescents, who were seen in a large diagnosis and assessment clinic. They participated in measures of intelligence/development, social/communication skills and behaviour. Their adaptive skills were evaluated and other clinical and information were collected. Assigned males at birth displayed more autism characteristics and greater symptom autism severity than assigned females at birth. There were no statistically significant differences between assigned males at birth and assigned females at birth on any measure of intellectual assessment. Assigned females at birth showed better nonverbal performance than assigned males at birth on formal developmental assessments. Children assigned males at birth received assessments 6 months earlier than children assigned females at birth. Externalising behaviour problems were more evident in assigned males at birth. This study provides evidence to show that autistic children assigned females at birth and assigned males at birth differ in terms of autism symptoms and severity and age at diagnosis based on a sample recruited in a real-world clinic. It highlights the importance of the growing debate between balancing assessments of symptoms with assessment of adaptive function.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241303550"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying the unique determinants influencing rural families' engagement with an existing tele-assessment approach for autism identification: A qualitative study.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241307078

Liliana Wagner, Tori Foster, Kemberlee Bonnet, Anna Kathleen Spitler, David Schlundt, Zachary Warren

{"title":"Identifying the unique determinants influencing rural families' engagement with an existing tele-assessment approach for autism identification: A qualitative study.","authors":"Liliana Wagner, Tori Foster, Kemberlee Bonnet, Anna Kathleen Spitler, David Schlundt, Zachary Warren","doi":"10.1177/13623613241307078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241307078","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: It is often difficult for families in rural communities to access autism evaluations for their children when they have concerns. Tele-assessment could make it easier for them to see specialists who give autism diagnoses, but we still need to figure out the best way to carry out these approaches. To understand how rural families view tele-assessment, as well as barriers they may face, we held focus groups with caregivers of children with autism and local service providers in the Southeastern United States. We met with 22 caregivers and 10 providers. We analyzed the discussions and found four key attitudes: (1) questions about whether autism assessment can really be done online; (2) level of trust in the evaluation process, especially tele-assessment; (3) beliefs about whether tele-assessment is practical for families; and (4) worries about privacy. These attitudes and beliefs are shaped by various factors at different stages, indicating that we need to improve tele-assessment by better supporting everyone involved at different stages of the tele-assessment process. This research highlights important areas for improvement to provide fair access to tele-assessment for rural families (e.g. creating education materials, conducting barrier counseling).","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241307078"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Material hardship and sources of support for autistic adolescents and their families.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241304503

Kristy A Anderson, Melissa Radey, Lauren Bishop, Nahime G Aguirre Mtanous, Jamie Koenig, Lindsay Shea

{"title":"Material hardship and sources of support for autistic adolescents and their families.","authors":"Kristy A Anderson, Melissa Radey, Lauren Bishop, Nahime G Aguirre Mtanous, Jamie Koenig, Lindsay Shea","doi":"10.1177/13623613241304503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241304503","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: Our study looks at how families with autistic teenagers manage financially compared with families with teenagers who do not have autism. We know that money matters are a big part of life's overall quality and that autistic individuals and their families often face more financial challenges. These challenges can affect their health, social connections, and access to needed services. What our research adds is a closer look at these financial difficulties by considering not just how much money a family has but also what they own, their struggles to meet basic needs, and the help they get from both government programs and their own social circles. We found that families with autistic teenagers often deal with more financial problems, including not having enough food, even though they might be using available support programs. This is important because it shows us that the current ways of helping may not be enough. Our findings suggest we need to think more broadly about how to support these families. This could mean making policies that better address their unique needs or coming up with new ways to help them that go beyond just looking at income. Understanding these challenges better can help us make life better for autistic individuals and their families.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241304503"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A qualitative exploration of the experience of autistic females in Hong Kong.

IF 5.2 2区心理学

Autism Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1177/13623613241295318

Gary Yu Hin Lam, Constance Kit Ching Chow, Sibyl Wai Chan

{"title":"A qualitative exploration of the experience of autistic females in Hong Kong.","authors":"Gary Yu Hin Lam, Constance Kit Ching Chow, Sibyl Wai Chan","doi":"10.1177/13623613241295318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613241295318","url":null,"abstract":"Lay abstract: There are more males than females with autism. One of the reasons can be that we do not understand autistic females well. Some research in Western cultures has begun to document the lived experience of autistic females, but no such studies are conducted with Chinese autistic females. This study explored the first-person experience of living with autism in Hong Kong autistic women. We conducted qualitative interviews with 13 women with a formal diagnosis of autism or self-diagnosed as autistic. We used semi-structured interviews to discuss how they came to recognize or identify with autism, their diagnostic experience, and their understanding of autistic females. We summarized several broad themes that depicted their experience. Participants recognized autism in themselves when seeing other autistic people. They indicated mental health challenges that led them to seek help from professionals, who might sometimes reject their concerns about autism. Participants found it meaningful to have an autism diagnosis or identity, but other people's judgment would affect their self-understanding. Participants also described themselves different from the stereotypes of autism, not the same as autistic males, and were perceived by others as not autistic enough. Our findings suggested autistic women in Hong Kong faced challenges in identity development and support services. There is a need to increase awareness and knowledge about autism in professionals and the public. Understanding how unique cultural factors that influence the identity of autistic women or individuals in Chinese cultures is important to promote their well-being.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613241295318"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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