Autism最新文献

{"title":"Symptoms of constipation in autistic adults: A systematic literature review on diagnostic methods and presence of actual symptoms.","authors":"Wynn Smith, Charlotte Desprez","doi":"10.1177/13623613241289114","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241289114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism significantly impacts how individuals interact, communicate and perceive the world. Gastrointestinal disturbances, particularly constipation, are prevalent among autistic people, affecting their overall well-being. However, to the best of our knowledge, no specific guidelines are currently available regarding the diagnosis of constipation among this population. This systematic review investigates various diagnostic methods employed in studies addressing constipation among autistic adults. It aims to identify discrepancies between the symptoms reported based on diagnostic methods and the actual symptoms experienced by this population. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, nine studies conducted between 2012 and 2022 were included, revealing a predominance of non-prospective designs and an emphasis on children and adolescents. Diagnostic tools varied, including standardized criteria, questionnaires and observation. The prevalence of symptoms not outlined in the official criteria, such as sleep disorders and challenging behaviours, emerged as crucial aspects requiring comprehensive assessment in autistic people experiencing constipation. The study highlights the need for age-specific research in order to develop tailored assessment tools to improve diagnostic accuracy and enhance the overall management of constipation in autistic adults. Recognizing the diverse manifestations of constipation in this population is crucial for developing nuanced interventions and advancing healthcare strategies.Lay abstractAutistic people often experience gastrointestinal issues, with constipation being one of the most common concerns. However, there are currently no specific guidelines for diagnosing constipation in autistic adults. This makes it harder for healthcare providers to identify and treat the condition effectively. In this review, we analysed nine studies from 2012 to 2022 to understand the various methods used to diagnose constipation in autistic adults and their symptoms. We found that most studies used different approaches, such as questionnaires, standardized criteria, or observation. In addition, many studies focused on children and adolescents, leaving a gap in understanding symptoms in autistic adults. The studies highlighted symptoms that were not covered by official diagnostic criteria, such as sleep disturbances and challenging behaviours. This indicates a need for healthcare providers to consider a broader range of signs when diagnosing constipation in autistic people. Our review suggests that more research focusing on adults is needed to create tailored tools for diagnosing constipation in autistic adults. This will help improve accuracy and ensure better treatment outcomes. Understanding the unique ways constipation can present in autistic people is crucial for developing effective care strategies. For healthcare providers, this review emphasizes the importance of recognizing ","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"850-858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating visual perspective taking and belief reasoning in autistic adults: A pre-registered online study.","authors":"Rachel Lara Green, Sarah Joanne Carrington, Daniel Joel Shaw, Klaus Kessler","doi":"10.1177/13623613241290880","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241290880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As many autistic individuals report mentalizing difficulties into adulthood, the current pre-registered study investigated potential differences in belief reasoning and/or visual perspective taking between autistic and non-autistic adults. The Seeing-Believing task was administered to 121 gender-balanced participants online (57 with a self- reported diagnosis of an autism spectrum condition and 64 without), as well as Raven's Progressive Matrices (on which the groups did not significantly differ) and the Autism Spectrum Quotient. Non-autistic adults replicated previous findings with this task, revealing slower responses to belief-reasoning than to perspective-taking trials. Autistic adults did not show significantly slower or more error-prone performance during perspective taking and/or belief reasoning. In fact, the autistic group committed significantly fewer mistakes, including fewer altercentric intrusions. The main group difference in response times was a steeper increase with increasing angular disparity between self and other in the autistic group. We discuss our findings in terms of differences in self-other control, but emphasise that our findings cannot be explained in terms of simplistic deficit-based notions of autism and suggest that autistic adults might favour slightly different strategies when judging another's perspective or belief.Lay abstractMany autistic individuals report difficulties in social situations, where they are required to think about what goes on in others' minds. These states of the mind can include how others perceive the world around them, their beliefs, or their desires. While research has shown that autistic children could be delayed in developing their full capacity in this regard, less is known about how adults process others' experiences and beliefs. Here we used a novel task and asked adults to participate online. Participants self-reported whether they had been diagnosed with autism or not and we split them into two groups depending on their response. We also asked participants to fill in a self-report questionnaire about social preferences and habits and we also asked them to conduct a test of their nonverbal reasoning ability. Importantly, the autistic and the non-autistic groups did not differ in their nonverbal reasoning abilities, and on our task, we observed that the autistic group committed fewer mistakes than the non-autistic group. Autistic participants were particularly fast and made fewer mistakes on those responses that overlapped with their own view and belief of reality. In conclusion, our findings do not support a simple view of autism in terms of deficits in either social or more general thinking abilities. Instead, autistic adults might favour slightly different ways of thinking about other's experiences and beliefs that is more firmly linked to their own experience and knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"920-933"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism: Validation study in a Latin American sample.","authors":"Nora Granana, Francisco Astorino, Alba Richaudeau, Lucas Costa, Elena Fernandez de Carrera, Valeria Nanclares, Kristin Sohl","doi":"10.1177/13623613241291098","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241291098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Autism spectrum disorder presents as a multifaceted condition characterized by pronounced impairments in social communication and behavioral patterns. Diagnosis hinges upon the expertise of clinicians, comprehensive developmental history, and observation of specific behavioral markers. However, in low-income countries, access to screening tools and standardized diagnostic tests for autism spectrum disorder remains profoundly limited. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these challenges, rendering diagnostic protocols impractical. In response to these barriers, the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism instrument was developed to facilitate assessments via telehealth during the pandemic. This study aims to validate the use of the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism within two Latin American countries, Argentina, and Chile. A cohort of 313 spanning various age groups underwent examination. Psychometric properties of each Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism module were scrutinized, including sensitivity and specificity against the recommended University of California at Los Angeles cutoffs. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded credible sensitivity and specificity scores for each module. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a favorable fit across modules, employing a 2-factor model distinguishing Social Affect and Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors. Preliminary findings affirm the validity of the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism as an effective diagnostic tool within the Latin American population. Furthermore, its potential extends beyond the pandemic, promising support in the future.Lay abstractAutism spectrum disorder is a complex condition associated with significant impairments in social communication and behavioral functioning. Diagnosis is dependent on clinician expertise, gathering of developmental history, and observation of specific behaviors. The suggested protocols include tools rendered invalid during the pandemic, which created significant barriers for diagnostic assessments. Furthermore, there are additional barriers in low-income countries in access to screening tools and standardized diagnostic tests for autism spectrum disorders that were only exacerbated during COVID-19. The Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism instrument was developed to improve access to diagnostic assessment via telehealth during this time. The current study sought to validate the use of the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism within two Latin American countries. A sample of 313 children and adults from Argentina and Chile were examined. Results showed valid sensitivity and specificity scores with good fit across modules using two factors (i.e. Social Affect and Restricted, Repetitive Behaviors). Preliminary results of the current study demonstrated that the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism is a valid instrument for Latin American population and shows promise to be used beyond the pandemic to ea","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"896-906"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative exploration of the experience of autistic females in Hong Kong.","authors":"Gary Yu Hin Lam, Constance Kit Ching Chow, Sibyl Wai Chan","doi":"10.1177/13623613241295318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241295318","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are fewer females than males diagnosed with autism, but autistic females are said to be under-identified and underrepresented in the existing diagnostic and service systems. The gender discrepancy may potentially be attributed to the lack of accurate understanding of autistic females and their needs. Emerging research has begun to document the experiences of autistic women in Western countries, but their experience in Eastern cultures is almost unknown. This study aimed to investigate the lived experience of autistic women in Hong Kong. Thirteen formally diagnosed or self-diagnosed autistic women completed semi-structured interviews, discussing how they identified with autism, their diagnostic experience, and their understanding of autism. Results based on thematic analysis revealed Hong Kong autistic women commonly experienced emotional problems and encountered autistic models on the way they came to identify with autism, despite often being dismissed by families and professionals. They found an autism diagnosis or identity meaningful to their self-understanding. Societal misunderstanding toward autism had a great impact on their self-identity as an autistic female. Findings can inform improved services for autistic women in Hong Kong and provide insights to enhance understanding of autism in Chinese culture.Lay abstractThere are more males than females with autism. One of the reasons can be that we do not understand autistic females well. Some research in Western cultures has begun to document the lived experience of autistic females, but no such studies are conducted with Chinese autistic females. This study explored the first-person experience of living with autism in Hong Kong autistic women. We conducted qualitative interviews with 13 women with a formal diagnosis of autism or self-diagnosed as autistic. We used semi-structured interviews to discuss how they came to recognize or identify with autism, their diagnostic experience, and their understanding of autistic females. We summarized several broad themes that depicted their experience. Participants recognized autism in themselves when seeing other autistic people. They indicated mental health challenges that led them to seek help from professionals, who might sometimes reject their concerns about autism. Participants found it meaningful to have an autism diagnosis or identity, but other people's judgment would affect their self-understanding. Participants also described themselves different from the stereotypes of autism, not the same as autistic males, and were perceived by others as not autistic enough. Our findings suggested autistic women in Hong Kong faced challenges in identity development and support services. There is a need to increase awareness and knowledge about autism in professionals and the public. Understanding how unique cultural factors that influence the identity of autistic women or individuals in Chinese cultures is important to promote their well-being.&lt;","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"1047-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmet need for autism-aware care for gynaecological, menstrual and sexual wellbeing.","authors":"Richard O de Visser, Rachel Mosely, Julie Gamble-Turner, Laura Hull, Felicity Sedgewick, Charlotte Featherstone, Chella Quint Obe, Eloise Freeman, Marianna Karavidas","doi":"10.1177/13623613241290628","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13623613241290628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism can make menstruation and menopause and other aspects of reproductive and sexual health (RSH) more difficult. However, healthcare professionals (HCPs) often fail to provide autism-aware care, and often lack the skills or confidence to discuss RSH with patients. This study explored whether autistic people experience particular difficulties and have unmet needs when seeking RSH care. Online surveys consisting of forced-choice items and free-text boxes were completed by 136 autistic adults in the United Kingdom. Quantitative data were analysed using standard parametric and non-parametric tests. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. The data provide a clear picture of unmet needs for autism-aware healthcare for RSH. The quantitative data and qualitative analysis revealed that respondents felt: (a) uncomfortable discussing menstrual issues, menopause and sexual wellbeing; (b) that HCPs rarely accommodate their sensory needs and communication preferences; and (c) that HCPs rarely demonstrated awareness of how autism can affect RSH. This novel study highlighted widespread unmet needs for appropriate RSH care for autistic people. Effort is required to enhance HCPs' ability to provide autism-aware care for RSH. The findings could inform the development of resources and training to improve healthcare for autistic people.Lay abstractAutistic people often experience difficulties with healthcare, and are more likely than neurotypical people to have unmet healthcare needs. They may also be more likely to find menstruation and menopause more difficult than neurotypical women. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) often have insufficient training and support to work with autistic adults, and they often lack the skills or confidence to discuss reproductive and sexual health (RSH) with patients. When these two issues are combined, it would appear that autistic people may experience particular difficulties when seeking RSH care. The aim of this study was to explore autistic people's experiences of healthcare related to RSH in the United Kingdom. Surveys were distributed with assistance of an autism charity, and were completed by 136 adults. The survey consisted mainly of tick-box responses, but there were also several opportunities for participants to write comments about their experiences. Respondents felt that HCPs almost never seem to know how autism affects their RSH. There was broad agreement that HCPs need to be more aware of the impact of autism on healthcare experiences in general, and the specific impacts of autism on RSH. The data provide a clear picture of unmet needs for autism-aware healthcare for RSH, but further research is required to explore HCPs' knowledge about how autism affects RSH. Combined with our findings, such research could inform the development of resources and training to improve healthcare for autistic people.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"934-944"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot randomized controlled trial of MINDful TIME, a novel telehealth mindfulness-based intervention for autistic adolescents and their caregivers.","authors":"Nicole L Matthews, Melissa M Mitchell, Hannah Honda, Amanda Malligo, Summer Boyd, Broc A Pagni, B Blair Braden","doi":"10.1177/13623613251328484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251328484","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A growing body of research suggests that mindfulness-based interventions may be a valuable method for reducing internalizing symptoms in autistic individuals. The current study extends this work using an effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 study. In this parallel randomized controlled trial, we examined a novel telehealth intervention for autistic adolescents and their caregivers. MINDful TIME includes eight weekly group meetings and regular use of a commercially available mindfulness meditation app. Participants were 42 adolescent-parent dyads randomized to the treatment or delayed treatment control (DTC) group. The program was implemented with fidelity (91.24%-94.78%), and 90% of treatment group dyads completed the program. On average, participants attended &gt;90% of sessions and reported high acceptability. Treatment group adolescents demonstrated statistically and clinically significant reductions in parent-reported depression symptoms relative to DTC (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(1, 34) = 7.31, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.18). Female adolescents in the treatment group showed significant reductions in parent-reported anxiety symptoms (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(1, 34) = 4.22, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05, &lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;η&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt; = 0.11). Exploratory analyses indicated treatment-related improvements in adolescent executive functioning, parent mindfulness and well-being, and adolescent-parent relationship dysfunction. Findings warrant future examination of MINDful TIME to address well-documented challenges with mental health in this population. This trial was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05685589).Lay abstractPrevious research studies have found that mindfulness (i.e. focused attention on, and acceptance of, the present moment) training programs can reduce stress, depression, and anxiety. However, more research is needed to understand whether mindfulness strategies are helpful for autistic teens. We examined a new telehealth intervention for autistic teens and their caregivers. MINDful TIME is an 8-week group program that meets weekly through Zoom meetings. Participants learn mindfulness strategies through didactic lessons and using a commercially available mindfulness meditation mobile app. We randomly assigned 42 teens (ages 13-18 years) with an autism diagnosis and their parents to complete MINDful TIME or an 8-week wait period before beginning the program. Ninety percent of teens and parents assigned to MINDful TIME completed the program and reported that they found the program to be acceptable. Teens who completed MINDful TIME showed large reductions in depression symptoms, whereas teens in the wait period group did not. Females who completed MINDful TIME also showed reductions in anxiety symptoms, whereas males who completed MINDful TIME and females and males in the wait period group did not. Parents who completed MINDful TIME with their teens showed ","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251328484"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the prevalence of substance use disorders between persons with and without autism spectrum disorders.","authors":"Victor Lushin, Steven Marcus, Sha Tao, Malitta Engstrom, Anne Roux, Lindsay Shea","doi":"10.1177/13623613251325282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251325282","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recent research has suggested that people with autism spectrum disorder may be disproportionately at risk of substance use disorders. This study analyzed national-level Medicaid Claims data to compare substance use disorder prevalence among Medicaid enrollees with autism spectrum disorder (&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt; = 388,426) and a random sample of enrollees without autism spectrum disorder (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 745,699) and to examine whether this association differs across sex and age groups and changes after adjusting for co-occurring mental health conditions. We also examined how the association between autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorder is moderated by co-occurring non-autism spectrum disorder mental health conditions and by community-level social determinants of health by merging Medicaid Claims data with zip code-level US Census data on socioeconomic deprivation. By 2016, 7% of Medicaid beneficiaries with autism spectrum disorder and no intellectual disability had at least one substance use disorder diagnosis, up from 1.75% USD prevalence among enrollees with autism spectrum disorder (no intellectual disability) in 2012 Medicaid data. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder aged 30-64 years were at an elevated risk of cannabis and hallucinogen disorders; this risk is likely compounded by co-occurring mental health conditions, which affect a half of all individuals with autism spectrum disorder and only 23% of individuals without autism spectrum disorder. Research and policy implications are discussed in turn.Lay abstractRecent research has suggested that people with autism spectrum disorder may be disproportionately at risk of substance use disorders. The present study analyzed national-level Medicaid Claims data to compare substance use disorder prevalence among Medicaid beneficiaries with autism spectrum disorder and without autism spectrum disorder and to examine whether this association differs across sex and age groups and depends on mental health conditions besides autism. We also examined how the association between autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorder is moderated by co-occurring non-autism spectrum disorder mental health conditions and by community-level social determinants of health. For the latter purpose, Medicaid Claims data were merged with zip code-level US Census data on socioeconomic deprivation. Our analyses demonstrated that, by 2016, 7% of Medicaid enrollees with autism spectrum disorder and no intellectual disability had at least one substance use disorder diagnosis, up from 1.75% USD prevalence among enrollees with autism spectrum disorder (no intellectual disability) in 2012 Medicaid data. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder aged 30-64 years are at an elevated risk of cannabis and hallucinogen use disorders, while this risk is likely compounded by co-occurring mental health conditions, which affect a half of all individuals with autism spectrum disorder and only 23% of individuals without autism sp","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251325282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The design of the \"autistics in (educational) space: building our own futures\" doctoral project.","authors":"Ryan B Collis","doi":"10.1177/13623613251328495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251328495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an autistic researcher and doctoral candidate, I have designed my dissertation research in a way that values the lived experience of my four autistic participants. Using their responses to a series of material objects and a science fiction novel by, and about, an autistic person, I hope to find new and innovative ways to reconceptualize inclusive education in high school. This article explains my theoretical framework and methodology, as well as some preliminary results and discussion.Lay AbstractI am autistic and a PhD student and I look for ways to learn from other autistic people. I gave a group of 4 autistic participants 14 items and asked them to do something with each of them, then send me pictures of what they did. We also all read a science fiction novel written by an autistic author and talked about what we thought was interesting or that felt familiar to us. By using what they shared with me, I want to find ways to make high school more comfortable for autistic students. In this article, I describe how I came up with this plan, what I did, and some of the first things I discovered.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251328495"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver-identified strengths in children attending their first neurodevelopmental assessment: Findings from the Sydney child development research registry and development of a child strengths checklist.","authors":"Kelsie A Boulton, Lorna Hankin, Marie-Antoinette Hodge, Natalie Ong, Natalie Silove, Adam J Guastella","doi":"10.1177/13623613251325287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251325287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a growing focus on the importance of understanding strengths in children with neurodevelopmental conditions and how such knowledge can support clinical practices. However, limited research has explored systematic reports of strengths from caregivers of children with neurodevelopmental conditions, most commonly autism. In this study, we explored caregiver-identified strengths in children attending their first neurodevelopmental assessment. Caregivers of 686 children attending a tertiary assessment service answered a survey question about their children's strengths. Content analysis identified 61 unique categories of strengths, which were grouped into six themes: cognitive and intellectual, social and interpersonal, hobbies and passions, character and personality, physical, and behavioural. The most frequently reported specific strengths were kind caring, and compassionate, social and friendly, loving and affectionate, music singing and dancing, and good memory recall. The breadth of positive strengths identified here may reflect the larger population sampled or the diversity of presentations in this cohort. We then present a caregiver checklist, the Child Autism and Neurodevelopment Strengths (CANS) Checklist, that was developed with community representatives, to inform assessment and feedback of child strengths. We discuss what is required to use this knowledge to inform strengths-based practices that can support clinical practice and inform on child development and family well-being.Lay AbstractThere has been a growing focus on the importance of understanding strengths in children with neurodevelopmental conditions, but there is little research exploring caregiver-reported strengths at the time of diagnostic assessment. In this study, we explored caregiver-identified strengths in 686 children who were attending a neurodevelopmental assessment. Content analysis identified 61 unique categories of strengths, which we grouped into six main themes. These six themes were cognitive and intellectual, social and interpersonal, hobbies and passions, character and personality, physical, and behavioural. The most common strengths identified by caregivers were 'kind, caring, and compassionate', 'social and friendly', 'loving and affectionate', 'music, singing, and dancing', and 'good memory recall'. Based on these strengths, we present a checklist that was developed with community representatives, to make sure a strengths-based framework can be used during the diagnostic process. We discuss how we can use this knowledge to develop strengths-based practices that can support clinical practice and inform on child development and family well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251325287"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism in the context of joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders, and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes: A systematic review and prevalence meta-analyses.","authors":"Carolina Baeza-Velasco, Judith Vergne, Marianna Poli, Larissa Kalisch, Raffaella Calati","doi":"10.1177/13623613251328059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13623613251328059","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increasing research suggests a link between autism spectrum disorders and joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders, and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes. However, no study systematically examined the available literature about the relationship between these conditions. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies (a) examining the link between autism, joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and (b) reporting the frequency of autism spectrum disorders in people with joint hypermobility, hypermobility spectrum disorders or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or vice versa. Prevalence meta-analyses were performed. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies explored joint hypermobility/hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in autistic people. Six explored autism spectrum disorders/autistic traits in people with hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Two studies examined autism spectrum disorders in relatives of patients with hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and two explored autistic traits and joint hypermobility in non-clinical samples. Out of 15 studies examining the association between autism spectrum disorders/autistic traits and joint hypermobility/hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, 12 reported significant results. The overall prevalence of joint hypermobility in autistic individuals was 22.3%, but it was higher (31%) when only studies assessing joint hypermobility clinically (excluding self-reports) were considered. The overall prevalence of hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome in autistic samples was 27.9%, but 39% if hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome were assessed clinically. Despite the heterogeneity of studies, these results suggest an association between autism and joint hypermobility/hypermobility spectrum disorders/Ehlers-Danlos syndrome that should be confirmed in further research.Lay abstractIncreasing research suggests a link between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and joint hypermobility (JH), hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSD), and Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS). However, no study systematically examined the available literature about the relationship between these conditions. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic literature search to identify studies: (a) examining the link between autism, JH, HSD, or EDS, and (b) reporting the frequency of ASD in people with JH, HSD, or EDS, or vice versa. Prevalence meta-analyses were performed. Twenty articles met the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies explored JH/HSD/EDS in autistic people. Six explored ASD/autistic traits in people with HSD/EDS. Two studies examined ASD in relatives of patients with HSD/EDS, and two explored autistic traits and JH in non-clinical samples. Out of 15 studies examining the association between ASD/autistic traits and JH/HSD/EDS, 12 reported significant results.","PeriodicalId":8724,"journal":{"name":"Autism","volume":" ","pages":"13623613251328059"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}