Magaly Nóblega, Gabriela Conde, Ramón Bartra, Germán Posada
{"title":"Maternal sensitivity and child attachment security in a low SES Peruvian sample: longitudinal relationships.","authors":"Magaly Nóblega, Gabriela Conde, Ramón Bartra, Germán Posada","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2414994","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2414994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We tested the generalizability of the sensitivity-security link in a sample of 35 preschooler-mother dyads from a low socioeconomic district in Lima, Peru. We first describe maternal sensitivity and attachment security at two timepoints during early childhood. Second, we investigated the stability of attachment security and maternal sensitivity over a time span of one year. Third, we tested the association between sensitivity and security at each timepoint. Finally, we investigated whether changes in maternal sensitivity predict changes in child security. The results indicated that sensitivity and security were lower than scores reported in the literature for middle-class samples. T2 maternal sensitivity scores were significantly higher than T1 sensitivity scores, and no significant differences were found between T1 and T2 security. Sensitivity and security were associated at both timepoints, after controlling for socio-demographic variables. One-tail test indicated that changes in maternal sensitivity were associated with changes in child security.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"503-520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanne Cecilie Braarud, Polly Faith Evans Mcginn, Dag Øystein Nordanger, Øivin Christiansen, Magne Olav Mæhle
{"title":"Expert reports: an empirical study of the use of attachment theory in expert assessments in Norwegian child protection cases.","authors":"Hanne Cecilie Braarud, Polly Faith Evans Mcginn, Dag Øystein Nordanger, Øivin Christiansen, Magne Olav Mæhle","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2435006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2024.2435006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acknowledged researchers have highlighted the potential pitfalls of using attachment theory to guide decision-making in child protection (CP) cases. This study explores how attachment theory is applied in expert assessments in Norwegian CP decision-making processes, analyzing 285 independent expert reports. Independent experts were mandated to assess the child's attachment quality to the caregiver in one third of the reports. In almost two thirds of the reports, experts weighted the child's attachment quality to the caregiver in their concluding evaluation. Few expert assessments included the employment of attachment measures. When descriptively comparing older and newer reports, there were more newer reports that mandated the experts to assess the child's attachment quality, but fewer newer reports where the experts weighted the child's attachment quality in the concluding evaluation. Our results illustrate that the criticism of an overconfindent use of attachment theory is also relevant for independet expert assessment in CP cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"26 6","pages":"625-640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kim M Starreveld, Mathilde M Overbeek, Agnes M Willemen, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg
{"title":"Video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting and sensitive discipline in early elementary education (VIPP-School): a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Kim M Starreveld, Mathilde M Overbeek, Agnes M Willemen, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2419621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2419621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The VIPP-SD (Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline) program has been shown to promote positive interactions between parents and children with behavior problems. This study evaluated an adapted version for teachers (VIPP-School) through a parallel-group randomized controlled trial involving 58 teacher-child dyads from kindergarten to second grade. Teacher-child dyads were randomly assigned to VIPP-School (<i>n</i> = 28) or an active control group (<i>n</i> = 30). Intention-to-treat analyses showed improvements in teacher sensitivity (<i>d</i> = 0.87) and supportive teacher classroom interactions (<i>d</i> = 0.53) in the VIPP-School condition compared to the control condition. VIPP-School had no significant effect on teachers' observed sensitive discipline (although changes were in the expected direction), nor on reported child externalizing behavior, overall relationship quality, school happiness or teacher self-efficacy. These findings show that the intervention, originally developed for families, could be effectively applied to early elementary education. The limited number of sessions increases the feasibility of VIPP-School.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"545-566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aylin Aras, Peter Fonagy, Chloe Campbell, Camilla Rosan
{"title":"What do we know about parental embodied mentalizing? A systematic review of the construct, assessment, empirical findings, gaps and further steps.","authors":"Aylin Aras, Peter Fonagy, Chloe Campbell, Camilla Rosan","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2421432","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2421432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Before the maturation of higher-order cognitive functions, infants primarily communicate via bodily expressions. Their behavior adjustments are also shaped by caregiver reactions, which differ in timing, intensity, and nature. Although mentalizing, or reflective functioning, is thought to influence caregiver interactions, the literature has largely focused on mentalizing as an explicit, cognitive process. Given the inherently embodied nature of early parent-infant exchanges, this emphasis left a clear gap in capturing the implicit facets of parental mentalizing. Addressing this, the concept of \"parental embodied mentalizing\" (PEM) was developed, which pertains to a caregiver's implicit capacity to discern and respond to an infant's emotional states, thoughts, and intents through bodily movements, gauged via real-time, shared, kinesthetic interplays. This systematic narrative review explores the PEM construct, scrutinizing its theoretical foundations and empirical basis. We aggregate insights from relevant studies, review the current research landscape's strengths and limitations, and pinpoint areas ripe for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"588-624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Nord Levin, Freja Isohanni, Pehr Granqvist, Tommie Forslund
{"title":"Attachment goes to court in Sweden: perception and application of attachment concepts in child removal court decisions.","authors":"Sofia Nord Levin, Freja Isohanni, Pehr Granqvist, Tommie Forslund","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2419589","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2419589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concerns have been raised regarding misconceptions about attachment theory in child protection settings, but the application of attachment concepts in judicial child protection decisions has not been systematically explored. This study therefore examined the perception and application of attachment concepts in Swedish judicial decision protocols concerning involuntary removals of children (aged 0-2 years) where emotional neglect was a notable concern (n=28). Attachment concepts were frequently misunderstood, and imprecisely articulated. Unsystematic observations of child behavior were used to infer attachment insecurity and, by extrapolation, caregiving deficiencies. Attachment concepts were primarily used to support child removal, and insecure attachment seemed to be viewed as meeting the legally required level of risk to warrant involuntary child out-of-home placement. Our results indicate that misconceptions about attachment theory may be prevalent in judicial decision protocols. We emphasize the need to elaborate on risks in legally relevant ways without incorrect appeals to attachment theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"521-544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annaleena Holopainen, Marije L Verhage, Carlo Schuengel, Susan Garthus-Niegel, Danny Horesh, Antje Horsch, Mirjam Oosterman
{"title":"The role of childhood trauma and attachment state of mind in mothers' birth experiences.","authors":"Annaleena Holopainen, Marije L Verhage, Carlo Schuengel, Susan Garthus-Niegel, Danny Horesh, Antje Horsch, Mirjam Oosterman","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2421425","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2421425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative birth experiences are common. It is yet unclear which women may be most at risk already before pregnancy. Childhood trauma and non-autonoumous/unresolved attachment state of mind may affect how women experience giving birth. This study used longitudinal data to test childhood trauma and attachment state of mind as predictors of birth experience in at-risk sample of primipara women (<i>N</i> = 193). The Adverse Childhood Experiences questionnaire and the Adult Attachment interview were administered during pregnancy, and women reported about their birth experience three months postpartum. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling was applied to answer the research questions. Childhood physical neglect and parental substance abuse were predictive of a more negative birth experience, while attachment state of mind was not associated with how women experienced giving birth. Cross-validation suggests that these findings may be considered externally valid. Further research using validated measures on birth experience are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"567-587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jude Cassidy, Jessica A Stern, Mario Mikulincer, Phillip R Shaver
{"title":"Mary Main's concept of conditional strategies: influences on studies of child-parent and adult romantic attachments.","authors":"Jude Cassidy, Jessica A Stern, Mario Mikulincer, Phillip R Shaver","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2426304","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2426304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among Mary Main's many vital contributions to the field of attachment is the idea that human infants develop adaptive <i>conditional strategies</i> in the service of maintaining proximity to a secure base in light of a particular caregiving history. In this tribute paper, we describe Main's original theorizing, which delineated three types of conditional strategies: a primary <i>secure base</i> strategy and two secondary strategies of <i>minimizing</i> or <i>maximizing</i> the naturally occurring output of the attachment behavioral system, using a variety of cognitive, affective, and behavioral means. We review the large body of evidence for minimizing and maximizing strategies in infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Across a range of studies - including age groups and methodologies extending well beyond Main's original work with infants - there is remarkable convergence of findings that support Main's ideas. We conclude with several promising directions in implementing Main's groundbreaking ideas to enrich future research and clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisabeth Neely Burtch, Elisa Macera, Carole Shauffer, Aanya Gupta, Mary Dozier
{"title":"Enhancing visitation in the child welfare system for children separated from their birth parents: pilot results of fostering relationships.","authors":"Elisabeth Neely Burtch, Elisa Macera, Carole Shauffer, Aanya Gupta, Mary Dozier","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2429052","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2429052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When children are placed into foster care, they experience separations from their primary attachment figures. Visitations are often arranged to provide ongoing birth parent-child contact. These visitations are complicated, though, because young children typically show a range of confusing behaviors when reunited. Fostering Relationships is a brief intervention designed to enhance visitation for the child, birth parent, and foster parent. We examined the effectiveness of the Fostering Relationships intervention through single subject analyses. We examined whether birth parents followed their child's lead during visitation sessions significantly more than they did not follow their child's lead. Six of seven birth parents who received the Fostering Relationships intervention followed their child's lead significantly more often than not, whereas only one of four of the control parents did so. Results are preliminary, but suggest that Fostering Relationships may be a promising intervention for enhancing visitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The legacy of Mary Main in attachment and developmental research in Israel.","authors":"Sarit Alkalay, Abraham Sagi-Schwartz","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2422044","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2422044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines Mary Main's impact on attachment research in Israel and <i>vice versa</i>, focusing on her contributions: the disorganized attachment classification (D) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Israeli research spans Jewish and Arab populations, individuals with special needs, and trauma-affected groups, testing the Normativity, Sensitivity, and Competence hypotheses. While confirming traditional findings, some studies revealed deviations, possibly influenced by Israel's unique sociocultural/historical context. Some studies found an overrepresentation of disorganized and ambivalent attachment classifications, possibly linked to regional conflicts. The absence of a distinction between these two classifications in certain outcomes, especially disrupted maternal communication-a precursor to D-challenges the clear-cut classifications found in Western studies. Finally, a Holocaust Project provides unique insights, identifying the absence of intergenerational transmission of an unresolved state of mind from Holocaust survivors to descendants and revealing distinctive AAI classifications, namely, Absence of Attachment Representations and Failed Mourning, all inviting further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle Katz, Tabitha Sellers, Madelyn H Labella, Mary Dozier
{"title":"The power of the adult attachment interview in predicting subsequent psychopathology: a tribute to Mary Main.","authors":"Danielle Katz, Tabitha Sellers, Madelyn H Labella, Mary Dozier","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2420784","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2024.2420784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mary Main's conceptualization and operationalization of attachment states of mind through the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) represent seminal contributions to the attachment field. The AAI is a semi-structured clinical interview used to assess attachment states of mind that is widely used in research and clinical settings. Unresolved state of mind regarding loss or trauma has been linked to concurrent internalizing symptoms. The current study explored the associations between unresolved classification and later depression and anxiety, above and beyond trauma history and symptoms. Participants (<i>n</i> = 70) were parents (98.6% female, 67.1% Black/African-American) from a follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of a parenting program for families referred to child welfare services. Parents completed the AAI, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire at timepoint 1 (T1) and the Brief Symptom Inventory approximately 12 years later, at timepoint 2 (T2). Hierarchical regressions revealed that unresolved state of mind significantly predicted depression at T2, and marginally predicted anxiety at T2, above and beyond childhood trauma, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and early internalizing symptoms. These results suggest that unresolved states of mind are clinically significant and provide unique information about later internalizing symptoms in adults with a history of trauma or loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}