Atiqah Azhari, Giulio Gabrieli, Andrea Bizzego, Marc H Bornstein, Gianluca Esposito
{"title":"Probing the association between maternal anxious attachment style and mother-child brain-to-brain coupling during passive co-viewing of visual stimuli.","authors":"Atiqah Azhari, Giulio Gabrieli, Andrea Bizzego, Marc H Bornstein, Gianluca Esposito","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2020.1840790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2020.1840790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain-to-brain coupling during co-viewing of video stimuli reflects similar intersubjective mentalisation processes. During an everyday joint activity of watching video stimuli (television shows) with her child, an anxiously attached mother's preoccupation with her child is likely to distract her from understanding the mental state of characters in the show. To test the hypothesis that reduced coupling in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) would be observed with increasing maternal attachment anxiety (MAA), we profiled mothers' MAA using the Attachment Style Questionnaire and used functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to assess PFC coupling in 31 mother-child dyads while they watched three 1-min animation videos together. Reduced coupling was observed with increasing MAA in the medial right PFC cluster which is implicated in mentalisation processes. This result did not survive control analyses and should be taken as preliminary. Reduced coupling between anxiously-attached mothers and their children during co-viewing could undermine quality of shared experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"19-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14616734.2020.1840790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10729083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah M Merrill, Nicole Gladish, Maggie P Fu, Sarah R Moore, Chaini Konwar, Gerald F Giesbrecht, Julia L MacIssac, Michael S Kobor, Nicole L Letourneau
{"title":"Associations of peripheral blood DNA methylation and estimated monocyte proportion differences during infancy with toddler attachment style.","authors":"Sarah M Merrill, Nicole Gladish, Maggie P Fu, Sarah R Moore, Chaini Konwar, Gerald F Giesbrecht, Julia L MacIssac, Michael S Kobor, Nicole L Letourneau","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2021.1938872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2021.1938872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attachment is a motivational system promoting felt security to a caregiver resulting in a persistent internal working model of interpersonal behavior. Attachment styles are developed in early social environments and predict future health and development outcomes with potential biological signatures, such as epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation (DNAm). Thus, we hypothesized infant DNAm would associate with toddler attachment styles. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of blood DNAm from 3-month-old infants was regressed onto children's attachment style from the Strange Situation Procedure at 22-months at multiple DNAm Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) sites. The 26 identified CpGs associated with proinflammatory immune phenotypes and cognitive development. In post-hoc analyses, only maternal cognitive-growth fostering, encouraging intellectual exploration, contributed. For disorganized children, DNAm-derived cell-type proportions estimated higher monocytes -cells in immune responses hypothesized to increase with early adversity. Collectively, these findings suggested the potential biological embedding of both adverse and advantageous social environments as early as 3-months-old.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"132-161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14616734.2021.1938872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10732476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica L Borelli, Gerin Gaskin, Patricia Smiley, Debbie Chung, Ben Shahar, Guy Bosmans
{"title":"Multisystem physiological reactivity during help-seeking for attachment needs in school-aged children: differences as a function of attachment.","authors":"Jessica L Borelli, Gerin Gaskin, Patricia Smiley, Debbie Chung, Ben Shahar, Guy Bosmans","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2021.1913874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2021.1913874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we sought to expand on what is currently known regarding autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity in middle childhood as a function of attachment. ANS activity includes multiple indices - respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is an index of parasympathetic nervous system activation (PNS) and electrodermal activity (EDA) is an index of sympathetic nervous system activation (SNS). Children (<i>N</i> = 103) completed Child Attachment Interviews and read vignettes describing situations aimed to activate attachment needs (NEED; e.g., getting hurt, which can elicit need for comfort or assistance) and help-seeking (HS; when children experience need and seek comfort from attachment figures), while SNS and PNS reactivity were monitored. Attachment was not associated with children's SNS or PNS reactivity during NEED, but attachment was associated with physiological reactivity during HS: Dismissing attachment was associated with greater SNS activation (higher EDA) and preoccupied attachment with PNS deactivation (lower RSA, greater vagal withdrawal) during HS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"117-131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14616734.2021.1913874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10788355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lara Mc Puhlmann, Mélodie Derome, Larisa Morosan, Deniz Kilicel, Pascal Vrtička, Martin Debbané
{"title":"Longitudinal associations between self-reported attachment dimensions and neurostructural development from adolescence to early adulthood.","authors":"Lara Mc Puhlmann, Mélodie Derome, Larisa Morosan, Deniz Kilicel, Pascal Vrtička, Martin Debbané","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2021.1993628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2021.1993628","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The existing literature suggests that individual differences in attachment may be associated with differential trajectories of structural brain development. In addition to maturation during infancy and childhood, developmental trajectories are characteristic of adolescence, a period marked by increasingly complex interpersonal relationships and significant neurostructural and functional plasticity. It remains to be examined whether attachment prospectively relates to neurostructural developmental trajectories during adolescence. In this longitudinal study, we investigated whether self-reported attachment dimensions of anxiety (AX) and avoidance (AV) could predict elements of cortical thickness (CT) and subcortical volume (SV) trajectories in 95 typically developing adolescents (12–19 years old at study baseline). Self-reported scores of AX and AV were obtained at study baseline, and neurostructural development was assessed at baseline and three timepoints over the four following years. Self-reported AX and AV were associated with steeper CT decreases in prefrontal cortical and cortical midline structures as well as anterior temporal cortex, particularly in participants younger at study baseline. Regarding SV, preliminary differential associations were observed between developmental trajectories and attachment dimensions. Our study suggests that interindividual differences in attachment contribute to shaping neurodevelopmental trajectories for several cortical and subcortical structures during adolescence and young adulthood.","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"25 1","pages":"162-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9298201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of intellectual disability and attachment on hostile intent attribution bias.","authors":"Stéphanie Vanwalleghem, Raphaële Miljkovitch, Annie Vinter","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2109695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2022.2109695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding hostile intent attribution (HIA) seems important for prevention of problems in social adaptation. This study aimed to explore whether HIA in childhood is determined by both a cognitive factor (i.e. intellectual disability) and an affective factor (i.e. attachment representations). One hundred and eight 8- to 12-year-old children (54 with intellectual disability and 54 with typical development) passed the Attachment Story Completion Task and the Intention Attribution Test for Children. Results indicated that in ambiguous situations, attachment disorganization was associated with HIA, whereas intellectual disability was not. In nonintentional situations, both attachment hyperactivation and intellectual disability were linked with HIA. These results highlight the importance of helping children develop organized attachment representations and optimal activation of their attachment system to prevent social maladaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 6","pages":"732-749"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10322241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attachment and brooding rumination during children's transition to adolescence: the moderating role of effortful control.","authors":"Jallu Lindblom, Guy Bosmans","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2071953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2022.2071953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brooding rumination is a maladaptive form of emotion regulation and confers a risk for psychopathology. Insecure attachment and low cognitive self-regulation are important antecedents of brooding. Yet, little is known about the developmental interplay between these two systems. Thus, we tested how children's attachment and cognitive self-regulation, conceptualized as effortful control (EC), interact to predict brooding. The participants in the three-wave longitudinal study were n = 157 children (10 to 14 years) and their mothers. Children reported their attachment and brooding, and mothers reported children's EC. Results showed that children with low avoidance received benefit from high EC to decrease brooding, whereas children with high anxiety brooded irrespective of EC. Thus, high EC may foster constructive emotion regulation among securely attached children, whereas the beneficial effects of high EC on emotional functioning seem to be overridden by insecurity. The functional role of cognitive self-regulation on different attachment strategies is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 6","pages":"690-711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10325167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helen Beckwith, Marinus van IJzendoorn, Mark Freeston, Matt Woolgar, Paul Stenner, Robbie Duschinsky
{"title":"A \"transmission gap\" between research and practice? A Q-methodology study of perceptions of the application of attachment theory among clinicians working with children and among attachment researchers.","authors":"Helen Beckwith, Marinus van IJzendoorn, Mark Freeston, Matt Woolgar, Paul Stenner, Robbie Duschinsky","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2144393","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2144393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical practitioners are frequently encouraged, through literature, training, and policy, to learn, understand, refer to and use their knowledge of attachment theory and research when working to meet the needs of children and families. However, there has been very little empirical study of how practitioners understand and perceive the relevance of attachment concepts and methods. Q-methodology was used to examine the perceptions of attachment knowledge and its applications for practice among 30 UK clinicians working with children and an international group of 31 attachment researchers. Factor analysis revealed three perspectives, described as: i) pragmatic, developmental, and uncertain, ii) academic, and iii) autodidactic and therapeutic. Participants agreed on core tenants of theory, their aspirations for clinical practice and the inaccessibility of current assessment measures for practitioners. Yet they diverged on their understandings of attachment insecurity, disorganisation, and the implications of both for various aspects of child development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 6","pages":"661-689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9721400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10383194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marissa D Nivison, Katie M DeWitt, Glenn I Roisman, Theodore E A Waters
{"title":"Scripted attachment representations of current romantic relationships: measurement and validation.","authors":"Marissa D Nivison, Katie M DeWitt, Glenn I Roisman, Theodore E A Waters","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2021.2020855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2021.2020855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes the development and validation of a new coding system for the Current Relationship Interview (CRI) that assesses individual differences in secure base script knowledge with respect to adult romantic partners. Drawing on data from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation (<i>N</i> = 116) a coding system was developed to parallel the secure base script coding system for the Adult Attachment Interview. Specifically, CRIs conducted in adulthood were re-coded for the extent to which the interviews reflected script-like expectations that romantic partners are available and provide effective support in times of distress (CRI<sub>sbs</sub>). CRI<sub>sbs</sub> was moderately associated with the traditional coding system for the CRI and showed concurrent and/or predictive validity in relation to observed and self-reported romantic relationship quality as well as interview ratings of the effectiveness with which adults engaged in romantic relationships. Theoretical and practical benefits of the CRI<sub>sbs</sub> coding system are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 5","pages":"561-579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9237183/pdf/nihms-1769154.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39882661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taking perspective on attachment theory and research: nine fundamental questions.","authors":"Ross A Thompson, Jeffry A Simpson, Lisa J Berlin","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2030132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2022.2030132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since its inception more than 50 years ago, attachment theory has become one of the most influential viewpoints in the behavioral sciences. What have we learned during this period about its fundamental questions? In this paper, we summarize the conclusions of an inquiry into this question involving more than 75 researchers. Each responded to one of nine \"fundamental questions\" in attachment theory. The questions concerned what constitutes an attachment relationship, how to measure the security of attachment, the nature and functioning of internal working models, stability and change in attachment security, the legacy of early attachment relationships, attachment and culture, responses to separation and loss, how attachment-based interventions work, and how attachment theory informs systems and services for children and families. Their responses revealed important areas of theoretical consensus but also surprising diversity on key questions, and significant areas of remaining inquiry. We discuss central challenges for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 5","pages":"543-560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39717499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parents' resolution of their child's diagnosis: A scoping review.","authors":"Efrat Sher-Censor, Ravit Shahar-Lahav","doi":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2034899","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14616734.2022.2034899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review focused on parents' resolution of their reactions to receiving a diagnosis for their child, based on Marvin and Pianta's model and Reaction to Diagnosis Interview (RDI). We aimed to map the populations examined, the prevalence of parents' narrated resolution, and what is known about its outcomes and determinants. A structured search identified 47 peer-reviewed papers published between 1992-2021. All employed the RDI and most had a cross-sectional design. Studies focused on a wide range of children's health and mental health diagnoses. Days to years after receiving the diagnosis, RDI narratives of 18.43% to 72.49% of the parents (44% on average) indicated lack of resolution. Studies reported associations between unresolved narratives and children's insecure attachment, higher parenting stress, and poorer parental health. However, findings on the associations of narrated resolution with parents' representations of their child, sensitivity, and psychological symptoms were equivocal, and findings on factors that may shape narrated resolution were limited. To advance the understanding of parents' narrated resolution and its effects, we recommend researchers employ prospective and longitudinal designs, evaluate narrated resolution as a continuous phenomenon, focus on outcomes derived from attachment theory, and systematically sample families from heterogenous cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8632,"journal":{"name":"Attachment & Human Development","volume":"24 5","pages":"580-604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39778535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}