Gabriel Atampugbire, Eureka Emefa Ahadjie Adomako, Osbourne Quaye
{"title":"<i>In Vitro</i> Antiviral Assays: A Review of Laboratory Methods.","authors":"Gabriel Atampugbire, Eureka Emefa Ahadjie Adomako, Osbourne Quaye","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Viral diseases remain a significant challenge for global health with rising fatalities each year. In vitro assays are crucial techniques that have been utilized by researchers in the quest to develop antiviral therapies. These assays mimic the internal conditions of a living system and make it possible to study how antiviral compounds interact with such systems in a laboratory setting. Thus, the importance of in vitro assays cannot be overemphasized, as they provide an accurate means for assessing the efficacy of potential antiviral compounds. This review offers an overview of in vitro antiviral assays, the different types of cell lines used, and emerging techniques and applications that have been developed in recent times. The current review also assesses challenges that are encountered in antiviral drug research, as well as emerging technologies like microfluidics and three-dimensional cell cultures. The integration of computational models and multiparametric assays into antiviral research was noted to significantly improve antiviral drug development process.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yujiao Hou, Yuesheng Zhao, Jun Liu, Yanan Bao, Njolibimi Mosesmanaanye, Chunjie Zhao, Wenjing Li, Bo Hong
{"title":"Optimization of Docetaxel-Zedoary Turmeric Oil Magnetic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Preparation by Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology.","authors":"Yujiao Hou, Yuesheng Zhao, Jun Liu, Yanan Bao, Njolibimi Mosesmanaanye, Chunjie Zhao, Wenjing Li, Bo Hong","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>To optimize the formulation of docetaxel-zedoary oil magnetic solid lipid nanoparticles (DTX-ZTO-MSLN) using central composite design-response surface methodology. First, the formulation and preparation process of DTX-ZTO-MSLN were optimized</i> via <i>design-response surface methodology. The appearance, particle size, thermogravimetric, pH, iron content, magnetic strength, and</i> in vitro <i>drug release of DTX-ZTO-MSLN were subsequently examined. Finally, the antitumor effect of DTX-ZTO-MSLN on MCF-7 breast cancer cells was measured</i> via <i>the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The optimized formulation was as follows: the mass ratio of soybean phospholipid to poloxamer 188 was 0.34, the mass ratio of DTX-ZTO to glycerol monostearate was 3.23, and 29.42 mL of water was used. The DTX-ZTO-MSLN prepared by the optimized method was clear and transparent, with good stability, with an iron content of 7.38%, and a saturation magnetization intensity of 7.05 A·m<sup>2</sup>·kg<sup>-1</sup>. The</i> in vitro <i>drug release was consistent with the Weibull model (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9992). Compared with zedoary turmeric oil and docetaxel, DTX-ZTO-MSLN had a much greater inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells (p < 0.05).</i> <i>The optimized DTX-ZTO-MSLN meets the quality requirements for nanoemulsions. This study provides a theoretical basis for developing and applying DTX-ZTO-MSLN</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug Repurposing Patent Applications July-September 2024.","authors":"Hermann A M Mucke","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.126","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Editorial: A New Chapter in <i>Assay and Drug Development Technologies</i>.","authors":"Kevin W H Lo","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.131","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acknowledgment of Reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.10910.revack","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.10910.revack","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":"23 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142962072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanocarrier-Mediated Dermal Drug Delivery System of Antimicrobial Agents for Targeting Skin and Soft Tissue Infections.","authors":"Priya, Praveen Kumar Gaur, Shobhit Kumar","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.060","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Antimicrobial resistance in disease-causing microbes is seen as a severe problem that affects the entire world, makes therapy less effective, and raises mortality rates. Dermal antimicrobial therapy becomes a desirable choice in the management of infectious disorders since the rising resistance to systemic antimicrobial treatment frequently necessitates the use of more toxic drugs. Nanoparticulate systems such as nanobactericides, which have built-in antibacterial activity, and nanocarriers, which function as drug delivery systems for conventional antimicrobials, are just two examples of the treatment methods made feasible by nanotechnology. Silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are examples of inorganic nanoparticles that are efficient on sensitive and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains both as nanobactericides and nanocarriers. To stop the growth of microorganisms that are resistant to standard antimicrobials, various antimicrobials for dermal application are widely used. This review covers the most prevalent microbes responsible for skin and soft tissue infections, techniques to deliver dermal antimicrobials, topical antimicrobial safety concerns, current issues, challenges, and potential future developments. A thorough and methodical search of databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and others, using specified keyword combinations, such as \"antimicrobials,\" \"dermal,\" \"nanocarriers,\" and numerous others, was used to gather relevant literature for this work.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"2-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ranjit K Harwansh, Hemant Bhati, Rohitas Deshmukh, Mohammad Akhlaquer Rahman
{"title":"Preparation, Characterization, and <i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation of Chlorogenic Acid Loaded Hydrogel Beads for the Management of Ulcerative Colitis.","authors":"Ranjit K Harwansh, Hemant Bhati, Rohitas Deshmukh, Mohammad Akhlaquer Rahman","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory colon disorder. Several modern medicines have been used for UC treatment but are associated with side effects. Hence, herbal medicine-inspired lead molecules are promising for managing UC. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), an herbal bioactive, has been reported for anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activity. The current study aimed to develop enteric-coated mucoadhesive beads of CGA for colon targeting. CGA-loaded beads were prepared using chitosan and carrageenan as polymers through an ionic gelation technique. Furthermore, beads were coated with Eudragit S-100. The formulations were characterized by particle size analyzer, ultraviolet (UV)-spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and <i>in vitro</i> drug release study. The optimized formulation (CGA-F2) showed particle size (440.6 ± 6.1 μm), zeta potential (-31.12 ± 2.16 mV), entrapment efficiency (83.56 ± 5.46), %yield (86.87 ± 4.19), and drug loading (1.14 ± 0.09). SEM indicated that the morphologies of CGA-F2 were spherical and ellipsoidal. The FTIR study confirmed the compatibility of the drug with polymers used in the formulations. CGA-F2 exhibited mucoadhesive efficiency (94.33 ± 2.1%) and swelling index (0.98 ± 0.03) at simulated colonic fluid (SCF) pH 7.4 (<i>***p</i> < 0.001) significantly. In an <i>in vitro</i> drug release study, CGA-F2 (95.07 ± 3.85%) showed a sustained drug release profile in SCF (pH 7.4) at 37 ± 0.5°C for 24 h. Optimized formulation exhibited drug release in a sustained manner for 24 h, which may be due to the effect of mucoadhesive and enteric coating polymer. Hence, CGA-loaded beads would be promising for treating the UC.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"29-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ligandrol Ameliorates High-Fat Diet- and Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prevents Pancreatic Islets Degeneration.","authors":"Deepa Sugumar, Ritaban Ghosh, Emdormi Rymbai, Jaikanth Chandrasekaran, Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy, Ranjith S P, Shreya Sahu, Divakar Selvaraj","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.029","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Androgen therapy has been shown to alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but is also associated with severe side effects such as prostate cancer. The present study aims to identify the best hit selective androgen <i>receptor</i> (AR) modulator by <i>in silico</i> studies and then investigates its antidiabetic effects in high-fat diet- and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM male rat model. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) studies were carried out using Maestro 13.1 and Desmond (2023-2024). Cytotoxicity and insulin secretion were measured in MIN6 cell lines. T2DM was induced using high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks, followed by single STZ (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). OneTouch Ultra glucometer was used to measure fasting blood glucose. Gene expression was determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Histopathology was carried out using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Through molecular docking, we identify ligandrol as a potential hit. Ligandrol showed a good binding affinity (-10.74 kcal/mol). MD showed that ligandrol is stable during the 100 ns simulation. Ligandrol increases insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner <i>in vitro</i> in 2 h. Ligandrol (0.3 and 1 mg/kg, orally) significantly decreased the body weight and fasting blood glucose levels compared with the HFD and STZ group. Gene expression showed that ligandrol significantly increased the AR-targeted gene, <i>neurogenic differentiation 1</i>, compared with the HFD and STZ group. Histopathological staining studies showed that ligandrol prevents pancreatic islet degeneration compared with the HFD and STZ group. Our findings suggest that ligandrol's protective effect on pancreatic islets leading to its antidiabetic effect occurs through the activation of AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"397-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Nihal P, Debasish Mohapatra, Alam Mohd Adil Alam Manir, Vancha Harish, Sachin Kumar Singh, Sakshi Upendra Lad, Srinivas Sutrapu, Sumant Saini, Sharfuddin Mohd
{"title":"Reverse Phase-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Method Development and Validation Using Analytical Quality-by-Design Approach for Determination of Isoliquiritigenin in Bulk and Biological Sample.","authors":"Mohamed Nihal P, Debasish Mohapatra, Alam Mohd Adil Alam Manir, Vancha Harish, Sachin Kumar Singh, Sakshi Upendra Lad, Srinivas Sutrapu, Sumant Saini, Sharfuddin Mohd","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.050","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of the present investigation is to develop and validate a simple, robust, and cost-effective isocratic reverse phase-high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for determining isoliquiritigenin (ISL) in both bulk and biological samples using an analytical quality-by-design (AQbD) approach. The central composite design was employed for method optimization using Design Expert® software, by taking mobile phase ratio and flow rate as independent variables and peak area, retention time, tailing factor, and theoretical plates as dependent variables. The design suggested the use of a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile:0.2% ortho-phosphoric acid (75:25, v/v) and a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min as optimal chromatographic conditions. The detection of ISL was performed at 364 nm. The optimized method was validated in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2(R1) guidelines. The method showed excellent linearity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, robustness, and system suitability. All validation parameters fell within the acceptable limits set by ICH. Additionally, the applicability of the method in biological samples were analyzed. In conclusion, the results suggest that the developed and validated AQbD-based RP-HPLC method was well-suited for the estimation of ISL in bulk and biological sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"409-424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Time of Transition: Looking Back with Gratitude, Forward with Optimism.","authors":"Bruce J Melancon","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.123","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"395-396"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}