Assay and drug development technologies最新文献

{"title":"Development and Fabrication of Emodin-Loaded Patches Using Geraniol as a Penetration Enhancer for Transdermal Delivery.","authors":"Suhas Shivaji Siddheshwar, Sandhya Jadhav, Someshwar Dattatraya Mankar, Arti Changdev Ghorpade","doi":"10.1089/adt.2025.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2025.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Diabetes management necessitates innovative approaches to enhance treatment efficacy and patient adherence. The study aimed to develop a transdermal patch loaded with emodin, hypothesized to provide a noninvasive treatment option that circumvents complications of oral administration. To optimize the formulation, a full factorial experimental design was employed, focusing on the concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K15 and geraniol. Compatibility and mechanical characteristics were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The patch's drug release profile was assessed via <i>in vitro</i> studies, while its stability was tested under accelerated conditions. The antidiabetic efficacy was evaluated in diabetic rats using an <i>in vivo</i> model. The optimized patch (batch SF7) released 94.57% of the drug over 12 h. Under accelerated stability conditions, the patch showed a minor decline in folding endurance from 396 ± 1.50 to 369 ± 2.63 folds and drug content uniformity from 98.70% ± 0.02% to 98.14% ± 0.23%. The <i>in vivo</i> antidiabetic study demonstrated a considerable decrease in blood glucose levels in SF7-treated rats from 245.83 ± 3.25 mg/dL to 120.86 ± 4.24 mg/dL over 12 h (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), comparable with the standard drug glibenclamide. The emodin-loaded transdermal patch displayed consistent drug release, maintained stability, and demonstrated significant antidiabetic activity, suggesting that it is a promising noninvasive therapy for diabetes management.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Trends in Drug Delivery Systems.","authors":"Omnia Mohamed Sarhan","doi":"10.1089/adt.2025.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2025.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Drug delivery systems are now being advanced by integrating sophisticated nanotechnologies to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Tremendous advancement has been achieved in the field of cancer therapy through the utilization of hyaluronic acid-based nanocarriers, which are well-acknowledged for their capacity to transport medication precisely to targeted regions. Quantum dots exhibit unique optical properties that allow for precise drug administration and monitoring capabilities. Carbon nanotubes provide a large surface area and exceptional strength, allowing for precise manipulation of drug delivery patterns. Dendrimers are versatile structures that can transport many drugs simultaneously, whereas mesoporous silica-functionalized nanoparticles allow exact manipulation of the release rate of pharmaceuticals. Polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles synergistically integrate the durability of polymers with the compatibility of lipids, hence augmenting the availability of drugs within the body. Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets are becoming more recognized as favorable carriers due to their biocompatibility and potential for tailored administration. These achievements demonstrate the changes happening in the field of pharmaceutical administration, where nanotechnology is used to tackle issues such as restricted bioavailability and unanticipated adverse effects. This ultimately enhances the effectiveness of medicines and improves patient outcomes. Future investigations will focus on improving these technologies for broader therapeutic applications.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating Genetic and Immunological Pathways Mediated by Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Reducing Gout Risk: A Two-Step Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Huiqiong Zeng, Zebo Cai, Junda Lai, Zhijun Chen, Wei Liu, Ye Zhang","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>While sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) demonstrate urate-lowering effects, their causal role in Gout prevention remains controversial. This study employs advanced Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques to dissect immune-mediated mechanisms underlying this relationship. Using bidirectional two-sample MR and mediation analysis, we analyzed genetic instrument variables for SGLT2i (10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, F-statistic >20), Gout risk (6,810 cases/477,788 controls), and 731 immune cell phenotypes. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity were also assessed to ensure robustness. The study confirmed a significant indirect effect of SGLT2i, which exhibited a 2.6% reduced Gout risk (Odds Ratio [OR]: 0.9738, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9623, 0.9854, P = 1.12e-05). Thirty-five immune cell phenotypes were identified as significantly affecting Gout development, with key phenotypes such as CD86 on myeloid Dendritic cell (DC) (OR: 0.9966; 95% CI = 0.9930, 0.9995), contributing to 12.8% of the overall mediation effect. No evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy was detected and reverse-direction MR corroborated these findings. Our study first established SGLT2i as Gout-protective agents through DC-mediated immunomodulation, offering mechanistic insights for targeted prevention strategies in clinical practice.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Luteolin-Loaded Calcium Alginate and Gum Tragacanth Blend Microbeads for Oral Delivery: <i>In Vitro</i> Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activity Against Colon Cancer Cell Line (HT-29).","authors":"Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Omar Awad Alsaidan, Md Ali Mujtaba, Saheen Sultana","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>The utilization of herbal bioactive compounds for health maintenance is now increasing the interest of consumers because it has therapeutic benefits. Luteolin (LLN) is a natural bioactive compound and is found in various plant sources. It has many pharmacological activities, <i>i.e.</i>, anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. It has poor water solubility, leading to low dissolution, low bioavailability, and low therapeutic efficacy. The present research work was to develop the LLN-loaded gel microbeads using a combination of sodium alginate (SA) and gum tragacanth polymers to strengthen microbeads (BD) and enhance the therapeutic efficacy. The microbeads were prepared by using the ionotropic gelation method and evaluated by various physicochemical parameters, <i>i.e.</i>, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, swelling index, FITR, and X-ray diffraction study. The optimized microbeads (LLNBD3) showed a 97.63 ± 3.12% yield, 845 ± 6.21 μm in size, and 78.54 ± 3.65% drug entrapment efficiency. The microbeads exhibited excellent swelling in intestinal pH (6.8) compared with an acidic medium (pH 1.2). The LLNBD3 exhibited a sustained release profile (89.23 ± 2.51% in 12 h) with first-order release kinetics (R² = 0.9752) with the Fickian diffusion mechanism of drug release. The Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffractograms did not show any distinct peaks of LLN, revealing that the LLN was encapsulated into a microbeads matrix. The LLNBD3 showed significant antioxidant activity compared with pure LLN, confirmed by the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. In addition, it also showed remarkable in vitro anticancer activity against the colorectal cell line (HT-29) and antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The stability study demonstrated no significant change in swelling and release behavior. The finding concluded that tragacanth gum and SA microbeads could be promising drug carriers to improve the dissolution and oral delivery of herbal bioactive compounds and synthetic drugs.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Prospects and Regulatory Pathways for Invasome Technologies in Transdermal Drug Delivery.","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Debayan Sil, Balak Das Kurmi, Manish Kumar","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.080","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Skin is one of the largest organs in the human body. It acts as an outer protective cover and comprises the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Liposomes are formed by phospholipids and have a vesicular character that improves the encapsulation of lipophilic, hydrophilic, and amphiphilic drugs. The invasome structure is flexible as opposed to regular liposomes; this is due to the presence of ethanol and terpene that increases lipid fluidity in the vesicle structure. Terpenes, ethanol, or terpene mixes are potential carriers that invasomes' tiny liposomal vesicles used to improve skin penetration. Terpenes that are primarily derived from natural sources are the most efficient and secure kind of penetration enhancers (PEs). There are some methods for the preparation of invasomes, but mostly the techniques used for the preparation of invasomes are mechanical dispersion and film hydration methods. Although PEs are effective when applied topically, only a small number are clinically approved due to concerns about skin irritation and toxicity. Invasomes exhibit a higher rate of skin penetration than liposomes and ethosomes. This review examines the structure, components, preparation methods, and applications of invasomes in pharmaceutical formulations, focusing on their potential to treat skin disorders and improve therapeutic outcomes. The primary objective is to assess the future potential of invasome technologies in transdermal drug delivery, alongside an exploration of the regulatory challenges and pathways for their development and approval. Graphical abstract illustrating the composition, mechanism of action, and therapeutic applications of invasomes in transdermal drug delivery systems.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"115-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycerosomes: Versatile Carriers for Multi-Route Drug Delivery Systems.","authors":"Kunal Banode, Omkar Patharkar, Vaishnavi Jadhav, Neha Mundhe, Uddhav Mhatre, Madhur Kulkarni","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Glycerosomes signify a groundbreaking advancement in drug delivery technology. Comprising glycerol, phospholipids, and water, glycerosomes offer superior drug stability, penetration, entrapment efficiency, fluidity, and viscosity compared with conventional liposomes. Their formation process eliminates the need for specific transition temperatures, streamlining production. Glycerol's plasticizing properties enhance vesicle elasticity and flexibility, enabling enhanced skin penetration. These vesicles demonstrate immense promise across a range of drug delivery pathways. In dermal and transdermal applications, glycerosomes augment drug permeation by moisturizing the stratum corneum and improving membrane fluidity. For oral delivery, they shield drugs from the harsh gastrointestinal environment and boost intestinal absorption. Pulmonary delivery benefits from glycerosomes' capacity to stabilize and disperse aerosolized vesicles, facilitating deep penetration into lung tissues. Ophthalmic applications profit from increased corneal penetration and extended retention. Intranasal use of glycerosomes enhances mucosal penetration and enables direct drug delivery to the central nervous system by circumventing the blood-brain barrier. Ongoing advancements in glycerosome technology concentrate on integrating diverse functional ingredients like essential oils, β-sitosterol, sodium hyaluronate, and trimethyl chitosan to develop specialized formulations. These variants include STO-glycerosomes, S-glycerosomes, PO-S-glycerosomes, HY-glycerosomes, TMC-glycerosomes, glycethosomes, and glycerospanlastics, all offering enhanced stability, permeability, and therapeutic efficacy. This review delves into the mechanisms of drug transport within glycerosomes, their applications in various delivery routes, and the latest technological developments, highlighting their substantial potential as versatile carriers in contemporary drug delivery systems.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"136-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of <i>Schizochytrium</i> Microalgal Fatty Acids on Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Network Pharmacology and <i>In Vivo</i> Study.","authors":"Cailin Luo, Li Tian, Yangmin Wen, Zhihua Zheng","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.106","DOIUrl":"10.1089/adt.2024.106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>This study aimed to elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanisms of microalgal fatty acids (MFA) from <i>Schizochytrium</i> against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) through network pharmacology and <i>in vivo</i> analysis. Network pharmacology and molecular docking methodologies were employed to predict the potential mechanisms of MFA against ALD. To substantiate these predictions, an acute alcoholic liver injury mouse model was utilized to assess the impact of MFA on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB). Additionally, liver histopathology and the expression levels of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) protein were evaluated. Seven active ingredients and 53 potential targets (including 7 core targets) for ALD treatment were identified in MFA. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that these seven core targets are implicated in various biological pathways, notably those associated with cancer, viral infections, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking studies demonstrated that docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid in MFA exhibited strong binding affinity for these seven crucial targets. Animal experiments demonstrated that administration of MFA significantly decreased the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP, while increasing the levels of ALB and TP in mice with acute alcoholic liver injury. Moreover, MFA ameliorated liver tissue pathology and markedly down-regulated the expression of PI3K and AKT proteins in the liver. These results suggest that MFA may possess therapeutic potential for ALD by targeting multiple pathways, with its mechanisms likely involving the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":"151-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Accelerates the Development of Antimicrobial Peptides Comprising 15 Amino Acids.","authors":"Yuchen Hu, Junchao Zhou, Yuhang Gao, Ban Chen, Jiangtao Su, Hong Li","doi":"10.1089/adt.2025.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2025.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has led to an urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit broad-spectrum and highly effective antibacterial activity and are less prone to resistance, making them potential candidates for the next generation of antimicrobial drugs. However, screening for AMPs from a vast library of peptides through wet lab experiments is a slow and laborious process. By leveraging large datasets of labeled peptides, researchers utilize deep learning algorithms to train models that capture complex patterns and features associated with antimicrobial activity, which advance the discovery and development of novel AMPs. Since the discovery of certain lengths of AMPs has been rarely reported, we applied deep learning to accelerate the discovery of AMPs consisting of 15 amino acids and developed a model named AMPPRED15 in this article. Wet lab experiments were also conducted to evaluate the performance of the model. Fortunately, we successfully identified two AMPs, one of which demonstrated antibacterial activities comparable to the marketed antibiotic cefoperazone sodium.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Horizons in Biomarker Discovery: Assay Technologies for Personalized Drug Development.","authors":"Dilpreet Singh","doi":"10.1089/adt.2025.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2025.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Evaluation of Aescin for Neuroprotection in Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin Model of Alzheimer's Disease in Experimental Rats.","authors":"Shaveta Bhardwaj, Anu Jindal, Shamsher Singh, Romanpreet Kaur, Amarjot Kaur Grewal","doi":"10.1089/adt.2024.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/adt.2024.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\u0000 <i>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that results in the loss of memory and cognitive functions linked to redox disbalance, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitters changes, and the accumulation of amyloid-beta (1-42) plaques in AD. In this study, rats were administered with intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) to produce AD-like symptoms in rats. ICV-STZ bilaterally, 3 mg/kg, was infused on days 1 and 3 with the help of Hamilton syringe by fixing cannula at the target position of rat brain using coordinates -2 mm (anteriposterior), 1.6 mm Mediolateral (ML), and 1.5 mm (dorsoventral). Learning and spatial memory were checked using Morris water maze and elevated plus maze apparatus. In ICV-STZ, rats lost their spatial and learning memory, increased level of prooxidant like Lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitrite and reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) level. The increased level acetylcholinesterase (AChE) catalyzed acetylcholine (ACh) concentration indicates cholinergic neuron degeneration. Furthermore, we found raised inflammatory markers and altered neurotransmitters level after ICV-STZ. Administration of aescin (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently ameliorated the behavioral alteration and inhibited inflammatory markers like tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-1β. Furthermore, aescin restored antioxidants like GSH, SOD, and catalase and reduced the nitrite and lipid peroxidation level. AChE enzyme causes degradation of ACh, and its level was declined after treatment with aescin. Aescin also restored GABA, norepinephrine, and serotonin level in the brain with prevention of raised glutamate level. Moreover, the histopathological study confirmed neuronal pathogenesis, and aescin significantly achieved neuroprotective effect via preventing neuroinflammation, balancing redox potential, and inhibiting AChE enzyme.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":8586,"journal":{"name":"Assay and drug development technologies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}