Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology最新文献

{"title":"Correlations among visual analog scales, total nasal symptom scores, and peak nasal inspiratory flow in children with perennial allergic rhinitis.","authors":"Ongon Boonnijasin, Kantima Kanchanapoomi, Witchaya Srisuwatchari, Punchama Pacharn, Nualanong Visitsunthorn, Orathai Jirapongsananuruk","doi":"10.12932/AP-030124-1757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12932/AP-030124-1757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Visual analog scale (VAS) correlates well with total nasal symptom score (TNSS) but negatively correlates with peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) in adults with allergic rhinitis (AR). Small children may not rate VAS properly and parents usually help assess their child's symptoms. Data on the correlations among parent-assessed VAS (P-VAS), VAS, TNSS, and PNIF in children with AR was limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess correlations among P-VAS, VAS, TNSS, and PNIF in children and adolescents with perennial AR (PAR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with PAR aged 6-18 years and their parents were instructed to record daily VAS, TNSS, PNIF, and P-VAS in an electronic diary for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>2387 records from 46 patients (56.5% male) were obtained. VAS and P-VAS showed a strong correlation (rs = 0.82, p < 0.001). Moderate correlations were found between VAS vs TNSS (rs = 0.53, p < 0.001) and between P-VAS vs TNSS (rs = 0.48, p < 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between PNIF vs VAS, PNIF vs TNSS, and PNIF vs P-VAS (rs = -0.20, rs = -0.22, rs = -0.18, p < 0.001 respectively). In addition, a weak negative correlation was found between nasal congestion and PNIF (rs = -0.26, p < 0.001). The overall inter-rater agreement between VAS and TNSS was fair (Kappa = 0.37, p < 0.001). Higher inter-rater agreement was found in moderate-severe than in the mild PAR group (Kappa = 0.50 vs 0.17) and in adolescents than in the children group (Kappa = 0.44 vs 0.26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In small children, P-VAS was a reliable tool to assess nasal symptoms. Both subjective and objective measurements provided complementary information for symptom monitoring in patients with AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long term outcome of C1-esterase inhibitor deficiency.","authors":"Luong Hoang Long, Tatsuya Fujioka, Timothy J Craig, Hirofumi Hitomi","doi":"10.12932/AP-220224-1792","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-220224-1792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by episodic swelling and life-threatening airway obstruction caused by laryngeal angioedema. In most HAE patients, reduced level of serum C1-Inhibitor (type-I-HAE) or presence of aberrant C1-Inhibitor (type-II-HAE) result in the lost of regulation of the complementary system and contact activation system with downstream over-activation of bradykinin - the chief mediator leading to angioedema. Type-III HAE (HAE-nl-C1INH) is rare without deficient or dysfunction of C1-Inhibitor, often with genetic aberrant related to the contact activation system. The prevalence of HAE in the population is estimated at 1 in 50,000 individuals, often with early onset, but due to the heterogeneity of the disease, there is frequently a significant delay in diagnosis. Recently, better awareness by physicians, more access to diagnostic tools, better management and prophylaxis has decreased morbidity and mortality. A focus in HAE patient care shift from management of attacks with on-demand medication, to use of prophylaxis to reduce attacks has improved the overall quality of life of patients with HAE. One area in HAE research that has not been emphasized is the long-term consequence of C1-INH deficiency in HAE patients, other than the typical manifestations of HAE, as evidence have emerged linking this disorder with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, auto-immune disorders, and malignancy. This review aims to gather the current knowledge and evidence of potential consequence of C1-Inhibitor deficiency in HAE aside from angioedema with emphasis in the improvement of long-term care and overall quality of life for HAE patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"222-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunogenicity and reactogenicity of four COVID-19 booster vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 variants following CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 primary series.","authors":"Nasikarn Angkasekwinai, Suvimol Niyomnaitham, Jaturong Sewatanon, Supaporn Phumiamorn, Kasama Sukapirom, Sansnee Senawong, Zheng Quan Toh, Pinklow Umrod, Thitiporn Somporn, Supaporn Chumpol, Kanokphon Ritthitham, Yuparat Jantraphakorn, Kanjana Srisutthisamphan, Kulkanya Chokephaibulkit","doi":"10.12932/AP-160123-1533","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-160123-1533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The appropriate COVID-19 booster vaccine following inactivated or adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccination is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the immunogenicity of four COVID-19 booster vaccines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled healthy adults who received a two-dose CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 8-12 weeks earlier and allocated them to receive one of the following booster vaccine: inactivated (BBIBP-CorV), ChAdOx1 or mRNA (BNT162b2 at full [30 μg] and half [15 μg] dose) vaccines. We determined the reactogenicity and the humoral (anti-receptor binding domain IgG (anti-RBD-IgG), neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against Delta, Beta and Omicron variants) and cellular immunity measuring by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) responses post-booster. AR patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 352 participants (179 CoronaVac and 173 ChAdOx1 participants), 285 (81%) were female, and median age was 39 (IQR: 31-47) years. Two weeks post-booster, both 30 μg- and 15 μg- BNT162b2 induced the highest anti-RBD IgG concentration (BAU/mL); Coronavac-prime: 30 μg-BNT162b2, 5152.2 (95%CI 4491.7-5909.8); 15 μg-BNT162b2, 3981.1 (3397.2-4665.4); ChAdOx1, 1358.0 (1141.8-1615.1); BBIBP-CorV, 154.6 (92.11-259.47); ChAdOx1-prime: 30 μg-BNT162b2, 2363.8 (2005.6-2786.1; 15 μg-BNT162b2, 1961.9 (1624.6-2369.1); ChAdOx1, 246.4 (199.6-304.2); BBIBP-CorV, 128.1 (93.5-175.4). Similarly, both 30 μg- and 15 μg- BNT162b2 boosting induced the highest nAb titers against Beta, Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants and highest T-cell response at 2 weeks after boosting. While all BNT162b2 or heterologous ChAdOx1-boosted participants had nAb against Omicron, these were < 50% for BBIBP-CorV and 75% for homologous ChAdOx1-boosted participants. There was significant decrease in nAb ( > 4-fold) at 16-20 weeks post booster for all groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Heterologous boosting with BNT162b2 following CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 primary series is most immunogenic. Additional studies are needed to verify the clinical efficacy and persistence of immunity following half-dose BNT162b2.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"276-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10027368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mpox global health emergency: Insights into the virus, immune responses, and advancements in vaccines PART I: Insights into the virus and immune responses.","authors":"Eakachai Prompetchara, Chutitorn Ketloy, Chirayus Khawsang, Kiat Ruxrungtham, Tanapat Palaga","doi":"10.12932/AP-111024-1945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12932/AP-111024-1945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mpox, the zoonotic disease caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), is currently a global health emergency. This review (Part I) aims to provide insights into the virus life cycle, epidemiology, host immune responses, and immune evasion mechanisms. Mpox symptoms is similar to smallpox but with lower mortality rates and lower transmissibility. In the past, the virus has been endemic in Central (Clade I) and West (Clade II) African countries. The first outbreak in outside Africa is reported in the United States in 2003. A multi-country outbreak across all continents occurred in 2022, predominantly driven by Clade II. Recently, the emergence of Clade Ib with sustained person-to-person transmission characteristic in the 2023-2024 outbreaks has raised significant public health concerns. Its apparent capacity for rapid spread and potential for causing severe disease highlight the need for enhanced surveillance, especially in regions not traditionally affected by Mpox. Immune responses induced by MPXV infection in humans and animal models provide the insights into the key step in which the host immune response recognizes and responds to the infection. The sophisticated immune evasion strategy by MPXV at both innate and adaptive arms also emerges that are useful for vaccine-based control measures. Taken together, understanding MPXV life cycle, epidemiology and immune response will facilitate better control, limit viral spread, and provide important insights for vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":"42 3","pages":"181-190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Alternaria alternata in colonization of Aspergillus.","authors":"Min Ju Jo, Yoomi Yeo, Kyueng-Whan Min, Sung Jun Chung, Tai Sun Park, Hyun Lee, Dong Won Park, Ji-Yong Moon, Jang Won Sohn, Sang-Heon Kim, Ho Joo Yoon, Tae-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.12932/AP-101020-0981","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-101020-0981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a pulmonary disease caused by a complex hypersensitivity reaction to colonization of the airways with various fungi. ABPA caused by Alternaria alternata, other than Aspergillus spp., is named Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the first case of ABPM caused by Alternaria alternata in East Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 58-year-old female visited our hospital due to an abnormal chest x-ray, following chest computed tomography (CT) revealed consolidation in the left lower lobe. On laboratory finding, eosinophil count and total IgE level were high. The skin prick test and specific IgE for Alternaria alternata were positive. After diagnosis of ABPM, the patient was treated with prednisolone without antifungal agents, and her chest image was much improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aspergillus is most common etiology of allergic pulmonary disease, however, Alternaria should be considered even though positive culture of Aspergillus spp.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"290-293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38882882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sero-epidemiological study after two waves of the COVID-19 epidemic.","authors":"Raheema Abdul-Raheem, Sheena Moosa, Fazeela Waheed, Maimoona Aboobakuru, Ibrahim N Ahmed, Fathmath N Rafeeg, Mariya Saeed","doi":"10.12932/AP-040721-1177","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-040721-1177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 situation in Maldives have evolved since the epidemic began in March 2020 with unprecedented increase in cases since mid-July 2019 with over 8000 cases at the end of August 2020.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the sero-epidemiological investigation is to obtain a sense of the population exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 by measuring the seroprevalence of antibodies to COVID-19 in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based, age-stratified prospective method was employed to find out the key epidemiological and serologic characteristics of COVID-19 virus in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that seroprevalence in the population was 13%. The factors that were associated with antibody results included age (OR: 4.0, CI: 1.7-9.0), nationality (OR: 12.9, CI: 8.3-19.7), being diagnosed for COVID-19 (OR: 24.7, CI: 15.9-38.4) and having symptoms of COVID-19 (OR: 2.0, CI: 1.5-2.8). There was a gradual decrease in the antibody levels from 19 days to 250 days. The mean duration of the presence of antibodies in this study was found to be 124 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the seroprevalence provides a measure that can be used to predict community transmission risk of the disease, the extent of functional immunity provided by antibody titres is still not clear. It is acknowledged that other mechanisms of protection such as T cell mediated immunity will play an important role in providing individual protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"270-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39763033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association and correlation of patient symptom perception and asthma control - a rapid literature review.","authors":"Hugo Neffen, Arzu Yorgancıoğlu, Hamdan Al-Jahdali, Steve McLachlan, Julie Myers, Christopher Bly, Pamela Martin, Saeed Noibi","doi":"10.12932/AP-181023-1710","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-181023-1710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies suggest that patients often under-estimate their asthma symptoms and over-estimate their level of asthma control, potentially putting them at risk of undertreatment with inhaled corticosteroids.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the association and correlation between patient symptom perception and asthma control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rapid literature review comprising searches in MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library identified English language articles published between 2011-2021 that included a statistical measure of the association or correlation between perceptions of symptoms and asthma control in patients with asthma (adults and/or children). [PROSPERO CRD42021230152]. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) instrument was used for study quality appraisal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 22 identified studies, nine presented association data and 13 reported correlation analyses. Eight of nine association studies showed a discordance between patients perceived symptoms and level of asthma control or lung function; among these, patients more frequently overestimated their asthma control than they underestimated their asthma control. Of 10 studies reporting correlation coefficients, all reported a statistically significant correlation between increased symptoms and worse asthma control; however, the strength of the correlation was shown to be only weak or moderate in most studies (coefficients numerically ranged from 0.12 to 0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many patients with asthma tend to overestimate their level of asthma control. Although more frequent or worse symptoms were shown to be statistically significantly correlated with worsening asthma control, there was wide variation in correlation strengths, most showing weak or moderate correlations. Research to further understand the reasons for patient symptom misperceptions are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"207-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141327184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A large scale multicentre randomized, placebo-controlled subcutaneous house dust mite allergen immunotherapy (HDM SCIT) in allergic rhinitis: MITAR Study.","authors":"Narissara Suratannon, Ticha Limsuwan, Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn, Pantipa Chatchatee, Atik Saengapaswiriya, Tadech Boonpiyathad, Torpong Thongngarm, Boonsam Roongpuvapaht, Hiroshi Chantaphakul, Prapasri Kulalert, Sanguansak Thanaviratananich, Pasuree Sangsupawanich, Supranee Fooanant, Wiparat Manuyakorn, Supinda Chusakul, Orathai Piboonpochanun, Tanakorn Apornpong, Jongkonnee Wongpiyabovorn, Kiat Ruxrungtham","doi":"10.12932/AP-221123-1735","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-221123-1735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (HDM SCIT) placebo-controlled trials have small sample sizes and lack a consensus on baseline treatment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the efficacy of HDM SCIT in moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis (AR) patients treated with an intranasal corticosteroid at baseline.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing HDM SCIT against placebo in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) sensitized. All patients received standard of care according to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guideline, including an intranasal steroid (INCS) at baseline. The primary endpoint was the comparison of a composite score, combining the total nasal symptom score and medication score, assessed at the twelfth month post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 144 subjects, 108 received HDM-SCIT and 36 received a placebo. The median age was 30 years (range 11-61), with 60% being female. The mean Der p wheal diameter was 9.4 mm (SD 4.4). After one year of treatment, the composite score median (IQR) in the HDM SCIT group and the placebo group was 0.75 (0.50-1.13) and 0.63 (0.50-1.25), respectively (p > 0.05). Both groups exhibited a significant mean change in the composite score from baseline (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The median (IQR) serum Der p-specific immunoglobulin G4 level significantly increased only in the HDM SCIT arm (p ≤ 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One-year HDM SCIT significantly reduced both symptoms and medication use in HDM-allergic rhinitis patients. However, the changes were not significantly different from those in the placebo group, who also received an INCS at baseline. A longer-term study is warranted to assess disease modification factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":"42 3","pages":"233-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twelve-month growth and accession of tolerance in infants with cow's milk protein allergy compared among those fed with breast milk or alternative formulae.","authors":"Chonlada Trakulpark, Narumon Densupsoontorn","doi":"10.12932/AP-300720-0933","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-300720-0933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a common food allergy in children. The impact of various feeding regimens on growth in infants with CMPA is not sufficiently well understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate 12-month growth and accession of tolerance in infants with CMPA compared among those fed with breast milk or alternative formulae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included CMPA infants with treatment adherence for at least six months. Infants were categorized into the following feeding regimen groups: soy-based formula (SF), extensively hydrolyzed protein formula (EHF), commercial amino acid-based formula (cAAF), new amino acid-based formula (nAAF), chicken-based formula, and breast milk. Weight-for-age z-score (WAZ), length-for-age z-score (LAZ), and weight-for-length z-score (WLZ) were evaluated at diagnosis and at follow-ups. Clinical manifestations, other allergenic foods, and time to tolerance of CMP were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and sixteen infants were enrolled. Infants consuming EHF had markedly improved WAZ. Infants with one symptom at diagnosis, those who had gastrointestinal symptom, and those with allergy to only CMP had more pronounced growth improvement. Compared to breast milk, SF and EHF were significantly associated with lower probability of tolerance to CMP (HR: 0.14, 95%CI: 0.03-0.62; and, HR: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.07-0.64, respectively). Those allergic to only CMP were more likely to develop tolerance to CMP than those allergic to CMP and other foods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Improvement in growth was significantly more pronounced in CMP-allergic infants fed with EHF. Accession of tolerance to CMP was associated with breast milk as the therapeutic diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"258-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25411051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD28 confers CD4+ T cells with resistance to cyclosporin A and tacrolimus but to different degrees.","authors":"Hiroyuki Kawai, Fumiko Yagyu, Aki Terada, Tsukasa Matsunaga, Manabu Inobe","doi":"10.12932/AP-270820-0949","DOIUrl":"10.12932/AP-270820-0949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cyclosporin A (CSA) and tacrolimus (TAC) suppress T-cell activation and subsequent proliferation by inhibiting calcineurin. Though they have the same target, CSA and TAC have quite different molecular structures, indicating quantitative and/or qualitative differences in their effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>CD28 is a costimulatory molecule that enhances T-cell activation. It has also been shown to attenuate calcineurin inhibitors. In this study, we compared the CD28-mediated resistance of CD4+ T cells to those calcineurin inhibitors and tried to predict CD28's impact on infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CD4+ T-cell proliferation was induced with anti-CD3 mAb in the presence or absence of anti-CD28 mAb in vitro. CSA or TAC was added at various concentrations, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration on CD4+ T-cell proliferation was determined. Effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on dendritic cells (DCs) and CD4+ T-cell proliferation were also evaluated in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anti-CD28 mAb conferred CD4+ T cells with resistance to both CSA and TAC, and CD28's effect on the latter was approximately twice that on the former. LPS induced expression of CD28 ligands CD80/86 on DCs. The addition of LPS to culture containing DCs seemed to make CD4+ T cells slightly resistant to TAC but not to CSA. However, its effect on the former was very weak under our experimental conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CD28 attenuated TAC more strongly than CSA. Although LPS did not demonstrate strong enough resistance in our in vitro model, TAC might maintain a better antibacterial immune response than CSA in clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":8552,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology","volume":" ","pages":"298-304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25411050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}