Artificial organs最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration on Immunosuppressive Drug concentrations in an Ex-Vivo Model of the critically Ill Adult: (CITRIC) study.","authors":"Lucy A Chumas, Steven C Wallis, Chandra Sumi, Mohd Hafiz Abdul-Aziz, Brett C McWhinney, Jacobus P J Ungerer, Fiona Coyer, Dwarakanathan Ranganathan, Jason A Roberts, Jayesh Dhanani","doi":"10.1111/aor.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pharmacokinetics of immunosuppressive drugs during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) modalities such as continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) are poorly understood, yet these drugs are crucial for transplant and critically ill patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ex vivo adult CVVH circuit with AN69ST membrane was established, using whole blood (WB) or blood-crystalloid (BC) to simulate hypoproteinemia and anemia, across a range of ultrafiltration rates (UFR) (1000-4000 mL/h) and point-of-dilution. Study drugs (tacrolimus, ciclosporin, mycophenolic acid (MPA), hydrocortisone, and methylprednisolone) were administered at clinically relevant concentrations. Drug concentrations were quantified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and sieving coefficient (Sc) and clearance (Cl) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean Sc and Cl were significantly higher for BC than WB: methylprednisolone (Sc: 0.44 vs. 0.19 p < 0.001; Cl: 17.31 mL/min vs. 6.99 mL/min p < 0.001), hydrocortisone (Sc: 0.20 vs. 0.09 p = 0.005; Cl: 7.12 mL/min vs. 3.15 mL/min p = 0.01), MPA (Sc: 0.05 vs. 0.02 p < 0.001; Cl: 1.83 mL/min vs. 0.71 mL/min p < 0.001), ciclosporin (Sc: 0.00 vs. 0.00 p = 0.008; Cl: 0.02 mL/min vs. 0.01 mL/min p = 0.004). Tacrolimus was undetectable in ultrafiltrate. Point-of-dilution had minimal effect, except at UFR 4000 mL/h where pre-dilution increased MPA and methylprednisolone clearance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone were cleared by CVVH, while tacrolimus, ciclosporin, and MPA Cl were negligible or absent. Hypoproteinemia and anemia significantly increased drug Cl. These findings provide mechanistic insights and support the need for validation in clinical studies to guide dosing during CKRT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upcoming Meetings","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aor.70216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left Atrial Inflow Ventricular Assist Device Utilization in Patients With Small or Restrictive Left Ventricles: A Systematic Review","authors":"Aryana J. Jones,&nbsp;Dylan Smoot,&nbsp;Fady Bassem Fayek,&nbsp;Daler Rahimov,&nbsp;Chelsey T. Wood,&nbsp;Taufiek Konrad Rajab,&nbsp;Howard J. Eisen,&nbsp;Rene Alvarez,&nbsp;J. Eduardo Rame,&nbsp;Keshava Rajagopal,&nbsp;Charles W. Hoopes,&nbsp;Vakhtang Tchantchaleishvili","doi":"10.1111/aor.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conventional mechanical circulatory support offers limited options for patients with small or restrictive left ventricles. Left atrial inflow (LA–Ao) ventricular assist device (VAD) configuration represents an alternative to conventional apical left ventricular assist device (LVAD). However, outcomes data remain limited. To address this, we evaluated patient characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of LA–Ao VAD configuration in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search was conducted to identify case reports and series of patients with small or restrictive left ventricles who underwent LA–Ao LVAD implantation. A total of 21 reports, representing 27 patients, were included. Patient-level data were extracted for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen adult and 14 pediatric patients underwent LA–Ao VAD implantation. Median age was 57 [46–62] years in adults and 3.5 [0.8–9] years in children. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and restrictive cardiomyopathy were the predominant diagnoses in both adults and children, accounting for 54% (7/13) and 29% (4/14), and 46% (6/13) and 43% (6/14), respectively. Median left ventricular ejection fraction was 44% [39–53] in adults and 45% [36–61] in children, and median left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was 42 [35–42] mm in adults and 33 [29–34] mm in children. The most used devices were HeartWare HVAD (46%, 6/13) in adults, and Berlin Heart (64%, 9/14) in children. Overall pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased from 23 [19–27] to 7 [0–9] mmHg (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and cardiac index increased from 2.0 [1.3–2.8] to 3.1 [2.7–3.7] L/min/m² (<i>p</i> = 0.04). In-hospital mortality included one fatal case (7.7%) in each group. Overall survival was 85% (11/13) in adults at median follow-up of 6.7 [4.4–19.9] months and 86% (12/14) in children at 2.3 [1.2–8.1] months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The LA–Ao configuration of VAD is a viable strategy for mechanical circulatory support in patients with small or restrictive left ventricles. It offers effective unloading of the left atrium and improved cardiac index, supporting its role as an alternative to the conventional LVAD approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1207-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Outcomes in Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Cardiac Surgery: An Analysis From the PELS-1 Study”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aor.70200","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>P. Nardelli</span>, <span>S. Mariani</span>, <span>M. E. De Piero</span>, et al., “ <span>Outcomes in Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Cardiac Surgery: An Analysis From the PELS-1 Study</span>,” <i>Artificial Organs</i> <span>50</span>, no. <span>5</span> (<span>2026</span>): <span>745</span>–<span>754</span>, https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70093.\u0000 </p><p>Due to a clerical error, the wrong list of references was submitted with the manuscript.</p><p>Please find below the correct list of references:</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1325-1326"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aor.70200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Progress in the Field of Artificial Organs","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aor.70215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1203-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148848654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Efficacy of Smart Saliency Detection System for Visual Prosthesis Users: An Experimental Comparison Across Various Visual Prosthesis Implants","authors":"Nermin Khalifa,&nbsp;Sahar Selim,&nbsp;Walid Al-Atabany","doi":"10.1111/aor.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with visual prostheses often struggle to locate specific objects due to limited visual input. Current systems process visual information but fail to effectively highlight or prioritize objects based on user needs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates a user-centric object highlighting system designed to assist retinal prosthesis users in finding misplaced objects in a controlled experimental setting. The system uses pre-trained multimodal models, allowing users to specify objects through spoken instructions, which are then highlighted in the camera frame. We evaluated the system's performance in a simulated environment with 18 sighted participants acting as virtual patients. We examined how various retinal implant resolutions and stimulation points, from low to high (60–1600 electrodes), impact object recognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mixed-effects logistic regression, both frequentist and Bayesian, revealed significant variance in recognition outcomes based on fixed and random effects. High-resolution implants achieved the best and most consistent recognition rates, while lower-resolution implants showed suboptimal recognition. Notably, across all implants, larger objects were recognized more effectively compared to smaller items, indicating that even higher-resolution implants struggle with smaller objects. The characteristics of these objects, particularly size and distinct features, played a crucial role in their recognition performance. This underscores the necessity for effective detection systems tailored to the capabilities of implants, especially those with lower resolution, which lack sufficient detail for independent object recognition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing user-centric object highlighting systems and inform the development of real-world testing in complex environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1264-1277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparity in Molar Conductivity Among Ions: Implications for Conductivity Monitoring in Hemodialysis","authors":"Thierry Petitclerc","doi":"10.1111/aor.70205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70205","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Conductivity monitoring during hemodialysis allows for online estimation of patient's natremia and enables the hemodialysis machine to automatically adjust the dialysate sodium. It is based on the premise that the conductivity is proportional to sodium concentration or, more precisely, to ionic osmolality. Given the actual disparity in molar conductivity among ions, this premise is not entirely justified, and it is important to consider its implications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Explain why the disparity in molar conductivity: (1) results in a discrepancy between the plasma conductivity calculated from conductivity measurements in the dialysate or the ultrafiltrate and its actual value; (2) affects the accuracy of software designed to automatically adjust the dialysate sodium.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) Despite a part of cations (primarily sodium) retained in plasma due to the Gibbs–Donnan effect, the ionic osmolalities of the dialysate at equilibrium with plasma and of the ultrafiltrate are virtually equal to that of plasma. (2) Plasma conductivity calculated from conductivity measurements in the dialysate or the ultrafiltrate is higher than its actual value. (3) Conductivity kinetic models carry a risk of inaccuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since software designed to automatically adjust the dialysate sodium is based on the inaccurate assumption that conductivity is strictly proportional to ionic osmolality, corrective adjustments are necessary.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1315-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Estimation of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure Through a Mechanical Seal for a Rotary Blood Pump","authors":"Daisuke Ogawa,&nbsp;Tadashi Motomura,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Shiraishi,&nbsp;Shinji Kobayashi,&nbsp;Jasmine Martinez,&nbsp;Francis C. Chikweto,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Yambe,&nbsp;Kenji Yamazaki","doi":"10.1111/aor.70158","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) is an important index of cardiac preload and heart failure (HF) severity. However, direct measurement of LVEDP requires invasive procedures, including local anesthesia and catheter insertion. To address these limitations, we developed a novel LVEDP estimation method based on the relationship between left ventricular pressure and the behavior of the mechanical seal (MS). In this study, we demonstrate that LVEDP can be estimated by measuring pressure inside the MS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rotating parts of the RBP, consisting of an impeller, a seal ring, and other components, are supported by a seat ring, while the seal ring is nearly in contact with the seat ring. The clearance width between the rings is determined by the balance of forces acting on the rotating parts, and MS opening occurs when this balance is changed. First, a static test was conducted to evaluate the relationship between MS opening pressure (MSOP) and RBP inlet pressure. Subsequently, a dynamic test using a pulsatile simulator was performed to confirm whether this relationship remains valid under physiological conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The static test demonstrated that MSOP is proportional to the RBP inlet pressure. In the dynamic test, MS openings were observed only during diastole, and MSOP showed a strong correlation with LVEDP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our method successfully estimated LVEDP in a completely noninvasive manner by utilizing the mechanical seal structure of the RBP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1285-1294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kidney Xenotransplantation Enters the Clinical Trial Era","authors":"Brian E. Woolley","doi":"10.1111/aor.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.70217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1205-1206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148848700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Aortic Blood Flow Simulations During Extracorporeal Circulation Using Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging","authors":"Anna Kathrin Assmann,&nbsp;Sinje Reimers,&nbsp;Jonah S. Schrauder,&nbsp;Lei Qu,&nbsp;Xiangge Yin,&nbsp;Amir Moussavi,&nbsp;Artur Lichtenberg,&nbsp;Susann Boretius,&nbsp;Michael Neidlin,&nbsp;Alexander Assmann","doi":"10.1111/aor.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aor.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is routinely used in invasive cardiovascular medicine and can cause severe complications, the impact of ECC on arterial blood flow is not yet fully understood. This study aims to reveal actual bloodflow profiles during different ECC scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-three New Zealand White rabbits underwent ECC by ante- (<i>n</i> = 7) or retro-grade (<i>n</i> = 9) or physiological perfusion (<i>n</i> = 7). Arterial blood flow profiles were assessed with a focus on cerebral and visceral perfusion. Numerical simulation models were tuned and validated based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ante- and retrograde ECC resulted in completely divergent aortic blood flow patterns. Supraaortic and visceral perfusions were not impaired during ante- or retro grade ECC. Excellent correlation of volume flow rates was achieved between MRI and simulations (<i>r</i> = 0.98). Intima damage was observed in regions of high wall shear stress (WSS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study assessing arterial blood flow during different ECC scenarios in a living organism, and additionally validating precise blood flow simulations by in vivo measurements. Retrograde ECC does not a priori impair cerebral perfusion. Individualized simulations may guide cannulation strategies aiming at minimization of ECC-related complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8450,"journal":{"name":"Artificial organs","volume":"50 9","pages":"1217-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aor.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}