Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Molecular insights into the mechanism of white syndrome in Macrobrachium rosenbergii through transcriptome analysis","authors":"Feiyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhu Jiang ,&nbsp;Haiqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiasong Xie ,&nbsp;Jianlin Guo ,&nbsp;Lihui Sun ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Fan ,&nbsp;Jing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In China, a newly emerging disease, White Syndrome (WS), has been identified in <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii.</em> This study investigates the impact of WS, characterized by systemic whitening, abdominal muscle and hepatopancreatic atrophy, and the presence of blisters. Histopathological and transcriptomic analyses were performed on hepatopancreas and abdominal muscle tissues of affected prawns. Histological examinations revealed damaged hepatopancreatic tubules with enlarged intercellular spaces, while muscle tissues exhibited signs of atrophy. A total of 191 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the hepatopancreas, along with 233 KEGG pathways. The primary pathways associated with WS include Lysosome, Glycosaminoglycan degradation, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, Starch and sucrose metabolism, Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, Sphingolipid metabolism, Steroid biosynthesis, Fatty acid elongation and Retinol metabolism. Similarly, 191 DEGs were identified from the abdominal muscle, with 203 KEGG pathways. WS-related pathways included Proteasome, Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, and Starch and sucrose metabolism. These findings suggest that WS in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> may be associated with nutritional deficiencies linked to excessive reproductive activity in female prawns. This study provides critical insights for future research on WS and its management in <em>M. rosenbergii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 742605"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal preliminary molecular mechanisms of gills response to salinity stress in Micropterus salmoides","authors":"Yichun Zhang,&nbsp;Haoran Yu,&nbsp;Huapeng Chen,&nbsp;Xinxin Wang,&nbsp;Yafang Tan,&nbsp;Junlong Sun,&nbsp;Jian Luo,&nbsp;Feibiao Song","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity is a key aquatic environmental factor that affects the physiological functions of freshwater fishes through osmotic regulation. <em>Micropterus salmoides</em>, A euryhaline fish, shows potential for saline aquaculture; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying gill acclimation to long-term salinity stress remain poorly understood. This study investigated <em>M. salmoides</em> gills in salinity 0 ‰ (control), 5 ‰, 10 ‰ exposed for 24 and 48 days using histological, physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches. Histological examination revealed that salinity stress induced curvature and deformation of gill lamellae, thinning of gill filaments at 5 ‰ salinity, while lamellar tips exhibited enlargement at 10 ‰ salinity. Furthermore, NKA activity was significantly lower in the salinity-exposed groups than in the control group at both 24 and 48 days. Antioxidant activities (T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC) initially increased but subsequently decreased under salinity stress. Salinity-induced oxidative stress in the gill tissues disrupted cellular membrane lipid homeostasis, ultimately triggering apoptosis. Arachidonic acid metabolism was identified as a key pathway mediating oxidative stress responses. Integrated multi-omics analyses demonstrated that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in long-term salinity adaptation, with cortisol, aldosterone, and prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) contributing to osmotic regulation. Activation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism supplied essential energy for salinity stress adaptation. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into salinity tolerance mechanisms in euryhaline fishes and offers valuable information for developing <em>M. salmoides</em> saline aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the green development level of marine molluscan shellfish aquaculture industry and analyzing obstacle factors that hinder its improvement: The case of China","authors":"Runsheng Pei ,&nbsp;Hongzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zifei Liu ,&nbsp;Cong Yu ,&nbsp;Yingxue Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongtong Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a Chinese term, green development (GD) is defined as a development that simultaneously fulfills the three criteria of environmental sustainability, social acceptability, and economic profitability. Based on this understanding, we construct a GD indicator system, and integrate the multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation model and factor analysis to evaluate the green development level (GDL) of marine molluscan shellfish aquaculture industry (MMSAI) in China and its nine provincial regions from 2001 to 2021. To identify the main factors constraining the improvement of the GDL of China's MMSAI, we calculate the obstacle degree (OD) of each indicator using the OD model. Results indicate that during the past 20 years, the GDL of China's MMSAI at the national level has generally shown a trend of initially downward and then upward fluctuation. In contrast, the GDL of MMSAI across different provincial regions is characterized by significant spatiotemporal variations, which can be roughly classified into four levels: high, medium-high, medium-low, and low. At the national level, industry-led employment is the most crucial obstacle factor negatively influencing GDL growth, followed by industrial growth potential, industrial support capacity, and the income-generating effect of aquaculturists. Obstacle factors and their degrees of influence vary across provincial regions, exhibiting both similarities and notable differences. To overcome those obstacles, we suggest that China should consolidate the environmental-social-economic bases and nourish its MMSAI's vitality, enhance rule- and organization-building to ensure good governance, promote technological advancements to empower development, and achieve the codevelopment of MMSAI with other economic activities and communities through integrated planning and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economically optimal management of salmon louse requires adapting to their drug-resistance rather than attempting their eradication","authors":"Duo Xu ,&nbsp;Ulf Dieckmann ,&nbsp;Mikko Heino","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing global demand for seafood and concerns about overfishing have spurred the rapid expansion of aquaculture. In aquaculture, managing diseases and parasites presents a critical problem, with drug-based solutions being increasingly challenged by the evolution of drug resistance. In this study, we focus on managing salmon louse in the context of open-cage salmon mariculture with potential for the evolution of drug resistance. We devise a model combining parasite dynamics and fish dynamics in a system of fish farms connected to each other by dispersive stages of the parasite and then evaluate the system-wide economic performance of different management strategies involving three parasite-control measures: drug treatment (administering medicine through fish feed), mechanical treatment (pumping fish through a system of water jets and/or soft brushes), and depopulation (emptying a whole farm prematurely). Drug treatment controls drug-sensitive lice at low cost but becomes ineffective in the presence of drug-resistant lice. Mechanical treatment can clear both types of lice but at the cost of diminished fish growth and additional fish mortality. Depopulation removes both the fish and the parasites within the farm but results in prematurely harvested fish that fetch a lower price. Our results suggest that even when the drug is used only once per production cycle and mechanical treatment and depopulation provide the main control of the parasite, the spread of drug resistance is unavoidable in an open-cage system. Furthermore, it is often not economically optimal to drive resistance to the lowest possible level by minimizing drug use: because resistant lice are assumed to have a slightly reduced fecundity, slightly fewer non-drug treatments are needed for controlling drug-resistant parasites than drug-sensitive parasites. Building on these insights, our model predicts that economically optimal parasite management in the presence of drug resistance combines all three parasite-control measures: mechanical treatment is the main measure to reduce louse infestations, depopulation allows shorter production cycles that become optimal under reduced salmon growth and survival that result from frequent mechanical treatments, and the drug is used not only to provide some parasite control but also to keep the resistant parasites prevalent. Our results thus underscore the need for effective parasite management strategies in salmon aquaculture accounting for the unavoidable prevalence of drug resistance. Notably, the economically optimal approach does not involve combating resistance but rather adapting to it and capitalizing on its positive effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742578"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome resequencing reveals selection signatures in China's first rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) strain “Shuike No. 1”","authors":"Haibing Ma ,&nbsp;Gaochao Wang ,&nbsp;Tianqing Huang ,&nbsp;Enhui Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Gu ,&nbsp;Gefeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) is a globally significant cold-water farmed fish, first introduced to China in 1959. After 17 years of selective breeding, China ‘s first new rainbow trout strain, “Shuike No. 1” (SK), was developed in 2021. SK exhibits superior growth performance compared to the source populations from which it was bred, but its selection characteristics remain understudied. To investigate genetic changes associated with the selective breeding process of SK, we conducted whole-genome resequencing of 68 individuals from the SK population and its original hybrid population. A total of 19,825,329 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were identified, with an average density of 8.88 SNPs/Kb. Significant genetic differentiation and linkage disequilibrium (LD) were observed between the two populations. Combined analysis of genetic differentiation and diversity between populations (using fixation indices F_<em>st</em> and nucleotide diversity θ_<em>π</em>) and genomic selection sweeps within the SK population (using the composite likelihood ratio CLR) identified genomic regions under selection in the SK population. We detected 217 and 59 candidate genes associated with selection, encompassing traits related to growth, early development, reproduction, behavior, immune function, and adaptation to the aquaculture environment. Both analysis methods identified the <em>Rgs12a</em> gene, which encodes a protein involved in cell signal transduction, particularly the G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, and is associated with parturition, skeletal muscle development, and tumor suppression. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that genes within the selected regions play crucial roles in intercellular interactions, cell signaling, cell membrane structure and function, regulation of ion homeostasis, energy metabolism, and regulation of the biological clock. These findings provide valuable insights for germplasm resource assessment, genome-assisted breeding of rainbow trout, and understanding the genetic effects and genomic features of selective breeding in this commercially important fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"607 ","pages":"Article 742606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue light-enhanced Desmodesmus sp. biomass yield in requirement opposite for high yields of macronutrient starvation-based lipid or nutritional excess-based pigment using red light","authors":"Aparecido Nivaldo Módenes ,&nbsp;Daniela Estelita Goes Trigueros ,&nbsp;Tainá Michelle da Cruz ,&nbsp;Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza-Quiñones ,&nbsp;Taysa de Souza Braniz ,&nbsp;Vanessa Daneluz Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Adilson Ricken Schuelter","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work has aimed to optimize the amounts of lipids, carotenoids, and chlorophylls yielded by microalga Desmodesmus sp. in photobioreactors, performing suitable changes in nutritional and colored light source conditions. The enhancement of byproduct yields was also addressed, based on white and colored lights. 16-day algal growth kinetic tests were performed, testing white, blue, red, and green lights. Based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), a 3²-factorial design was applied, combining suitable changes in concentration factors of both primary nutrients K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃. A significant improvement in the production of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and lipids in a red-light-based illuminance was observed. Finally, increasing the amounts of K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃ in a red light environment allowed the attainment of the highest yields of carotenoids and chlorophylls, in contrast with a high yield of lipids due to applying nutritional stress with an amount decrease of K₂HPO₄ and NaNO₃.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bile acid- and taurocholate-mediated virulence in AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus is independent of the LuxO-OpaR quorum sensing cascade","authors":"Ramya Kumar ,&nbsp;Shin-Jen Lin ,&nbsp;Chien-Kang Huang ,&nbsp;Shih-Shun Lin ,&nbsp;Hao-Ching Wang ,&nbsp;Fernand F. Fagutao ,&nbsp;Han-Ching Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), a prevalent shrimp disease in Southeast Asia, is caused by a specific strain of <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> (VP) carrying a virulent pVA1 plasmid with PirAB^vp toxin genes. Several host and pathogenic factors affect AHPND pathogenesis. However, quorum sensing (QS), a cell density-based bacterial cell-to-cell communication that regulates virulence factors in <em>Vibrios</em>, mediated mechanisms of AHPND-causing VP are yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we used wild type <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em>, AHPND-causing strain 3HP, along with the 3HP LuxO and/or OpaR QS mutants (Δ<em>opaR</em>Δ<em>luxO</em>, Δ<em>opaR</em>, Δ<em>luxO</em>, and <em>luxO</em>^{<em>D47E</em>}) to investigate the effects of bile acids and taurocholate, dietary supplements given to shrimp to improve growth, on the pathogenicity of AHPND-causing VP. Our results suggest that biofilm formation and PirAB^<em>vp</em> toxin release in AHPND-causing wild type and QS mutant<del>s</del> VP strains were induced by bile acids and taurocholate. Furthermore, these dietary supplements affected genes related to flagellar apparatus (<em>MotY</em>, <em>FlhB</em>, <em>FliK</em>, <em>flagellin</em>), bacterial pilus (<em>PilW</em>), biofilm formation (<em>VpsN</em>), bile resistance (<em>OmpT</em>), quorum sensing (<em>LuxR4425</em>, <em>LuxR2865</em>, <em>OpaR</em>, <em>LuxO</em>) and PirAB^<em>vp</em> toxins (<em>PirA</em>, <em>PirB</em>). This suggests that bile acids or taurocholate may affect virulence mechanism of AHPND-causing VP in a LuxO-OpaR QS-independent manner. This study provided insights into host-pathogen interactions and molecular mechanisms of QS in biofilm formation and PirAB^<em>vp</em> toxin production in AHPND-causing VP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of swimming performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using image traits derived from deep learning","authors":"Yuuko Xue ,&nbsp;Arjan P. Palstra ,&nbsp;Robbert Blonk ,&nbsp;Robert Mussgnug ,&nbsp;Haris Ahmad Khan ,&nbsp;Hans Komen ,&nbsp;John W.M. Bastiaansen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The physical and physiological condition of fish directly influences their swimming performance, which is crucial for their health and survival. This study explored how physical characteristics affect swimming performance in rainbow trout. 3D images were used to capture the morphology of fish and assess its impact on critical swimming speed (<em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>}), measured via individual swim tests. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was utilized to predict <em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>} from the images. Using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Maps (GradCAM), image regions that contributed to <em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>} predictions were visualized. These regions were further refined into areas that are biologically relevant to <em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>}, leading to the definition of four swim traits: head volume, caudal fin volume, epaxial muscle volume, and shape. Our findings indicated that <em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>} is moderately heritable. Genetically, heavier fish demonstrated poorer swimming performance; among fish of the same weight, those with larger and broader epaxial muscles, larger heads, and smaller caudal fins performed worse. Although genetic improvement of <em>U</em>_{<em>crit</em>} is feasible, caution is advised because of potential correlated responses that reduce the body volume and epaxial muscle volume. The interdisciplinary workflow (data collection, model construction, visualization, interpretation, definition, and evaluation) in this study demonstrated how image-based deep learning can be used as a hypothesis-free approach to deepen the understanding of the genetic background of complex traits. Additionally, it highlights the value of genetic analysis to validate the physiological interpretation of Explainable AI, broadening the opportunities to discover novel phenotypes in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742607"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute alkalinity stress triggers kidney histopathology, oxidative-immune dysregulation, and MAPK/TGF-β signaling pathways activation in Scatophagus argus","authors":"Lingwei Kong ,&nbsp;Adili Abudu ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Minghui Ye ,&nbsp;Yulei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yucong Hong ,&nbsp;Huapu Chen ,&nbsp;Guangli Li ,&nbsp;Gang Shi ,&nbsp;Changxu Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saline-alkaline water aquaculture offers a promising approach to address water scarcity and increase aquatic product yields. This study investigates the effects of acute alkalinity stress on spotted scat (<em>Scatophagus argus</em>), a species known for its adaptability to various salinity conditions. We exposed <em>S. argus</em> to alkalinity stress for different durations (0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) under two experimental conditions: a control group (C) with 30 ‰ salinity and 0 mmol/L alkalinity, and a treatment group (T) with 30 ‰ salinity and 30 mmol/L alkalinity. Following stress exposure, we conducted histological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses to assess the impact on kidney tissue. Histological results showed significant kidney damage resulting from acute alkalinity stress, characterized by enlarged nuclei, vacuolization, and necrosis of renal tubules and glomeruli. Biochemical assays revealed altered enzyme activities: levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) decreased, with SOD exhibiting a slight rebound at 72 h before declining again, indicating a disrupted redox homeostasis. In contrast, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased over time, reflecting oxidative stress and disruptions in metabolic and immune functions. Transcriptomic analysis identified 247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 109 up-regulated and 138 down-regulated. These DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to immune response, cell adhesion, and protein folding, with the MAPK and TGF-β signaling pathways playing crucial roles in the stress response. These results suggest that acute alkalinity stress induces kidney damage, disrupts immune and oxidative homeostasis, and alters gene expression in <em>S. argus</em>, providing a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying stress responses in saline-alkaline conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating effect of dietary tryptophan on intra-cohort cannibalism in tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) with clipped or intact teeth","authors":"Yuliang Wei ,&nbsp;Zhibin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanlu Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Mengqing Liang ,&nbsp;Houguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.742598","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study was to investigate the effect of dietary tryptophan supplementation on the growth, survival, cannibalism and 5-HT metabolism in tiger puffer (&lt;em&gt;Takifugu rubripes&lt;/em&gt;) with clipped or intact teeth. The X diet contained 5.45 g/kg tryptophan based on tryptophan requirement of tiger puffer reported in our previous study. The other three diets were supplemented with tryptophan at levels of two- (2×), four- (4×) and eight (8×) times the tryptophan concentration of the X diet. All four experimental diets were randomly used in fish with clipped teeth (the X, 2×, 4× and 8× groups), meanwhile the X and 8× diets were used in fish with intact teeth (the T-X and T-8× groups). Tiger puffer (14.16 ± 0.04 g mean weight) were reared in 18 tanks, with 45 fish per tank, for 50 days. Compared with fish fed the X diet, eight-fold tryptophan requirement significantly decreased the growth of fish with clipped teeth, but had no significant effect on the growth of fish with intact teeth. Treating fish with clipped teeth resulted in significantly higher survival rates regardless of dietary tryptophan level, meanwhile dietary tryptophan supplementation (the T-8× group) could significantly improve survival rate when intact teeth were left. Although bite marks on fish body skin still observed after taking the measures of teeth clipping or dietary supplemental tryptophan, the number of bite marks was reduced by using both measures. The results of caudal fin bite showed that, graded II and III of caudal fin bite were observed in all fish with intact teeth. However, graded I and II of caudal fin bite were predominantly found in fish with clipped teeth, and that the percentage of graded I were significantly increasing while the percentage of graded II were significantly decreasing with the increase of dietary tryptophan level. A higher level of dietary tryptophan significantly decreased the concentration of brain 5-HIAA and the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT in the case of fish with intact teeth. The expression of &lt;em&gt;tph2&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ddc&lt;/em&gt; involved in 5-HT synthesis in the brain of fish with clipped teeth was significantly up-regulated with the increase of tryptophan level in the diets, while the expression of &lt;em&gt;sert&lt;/em&gt;, which controls the reuptake of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft, increased first and then decreased. In addition, the results of gene expression of 5-HT receptors in the brain exhibited that supplementation of dietary tryptophan resulted in a trend of down-regulation of &lt;em&gt;htr1b&lt;/em&gt; expression, whereas leaving fish teeth intact resulted in a significant up-regulation of &lt;em&gt;htr1a&lt;/em&gt; expression. In conclusion, although tryptophan enriched diets had a weaker effect on reduced cannibalism than teeth clipping for tiger puffer, it was still effective in mitigating intra-cohort cannibalism based on survival rates, bite marks and caudal fin bites. The reason was that supplementation of dietary tryptophan modulated 5-HT synthesis, its availability o","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"606 ","pages":"Article 742598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}