头鲂（♀）和头鲂（♂）第一代杂种减数分裂的结果

IF 3.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743187

Yingying Yang , Lang Qin , Hongxuan Liang , Jiawang Huang , Ming Wen , Yuxiang Wang , Le Shen , Jinhui Huang , Xu Huang , Fangzhou Hu , Shi Wang , Chang Wu , Shaojun Liu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

雌核发生和远缘杂交是鱼类遗传育种中常用的两种技术。在人工诱导的雌性生殖后代中，核遗传物质来源于卵子染色体的复制，使这些后代成为探索杂交后代减数分裂特性的理想模型。以钝口鲷（Megalobrama amblycephala， BSB, 2n = 48，♀）与Culter alburnus （Culter topmouth Culter， TC, 2n = 48，♂）杂交获得BTF1。以鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio, 2n = 100，♂）的精子为材料，经紫外线照射后进行染色体冷激倍增，诱导成雌体BTF1 （GBTF1）。这一过程产生了两种外观差异显著的后代，分别为GBTF1-B和GBTF1-M。DNA含量和染色体数目分析表明，GBTF1-B和GBTF1-M均为二倍体，各有48条染色体。同时，微卫星扩增结果显示，GBTF1-B和GBTF1-M中分别有39.92%和39.36%的条带与BSB和TC一致，36.75%和23.77%的条带仅与BSB一致，14.19%和20.97%的条带仅与TC一致，9.14%和15.90%的条带来自突变。结果表明，BTF1在减数分裂过程中产生了BSB和TC遗传物质分布不均匀的杂合配子。同源基因表达分析显示，GBTF1-B中15.3 - 20.33%和6.96 - 8.43%的差异表达基因（DEGs）偏向于BSB和TC。相比之下，GBTF1-M中10.40 - 14.39%和10.60 - 14.19%的deg分别偏向于BSB和TC。结果表明，DEGs在GBTF1-B中的表达模式更偏向于BSB，而GBTF1-M的表达模式介于BSB和TC之间。这些发现证明了第一代杂交鱼产生的配子的异质性。该研究为了解杂交鱼类减数分裂的结果提供了基因组参考，并为鱼类繁殖和育种提供了有价值的见解。

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Consequences of meiosis in first-generation hybrids derived from Megalobrama amblycephala (♀) and Culter alburnus (♂)

Gynogenesis and distant hybridization are two techniques prevalently used for genetic breeding of fish. In artificially induced gynogenetic progeny, nuclear genetic material is derived from the duplication of the egg's chromosomes, making these progeny ideal models for exploring the meiotic characteristics of hybrid offspring. The hybrid BTF₁ was produced by crossing Megalobrama amblycephala (blunt snout bream, BSB, 2n = 48, ♀) with Culter alburnus (topmouth culter, TC, 2n = 48, ♂). The gynogenetic BTF₁ (GBTF₁) was induced using UV-irradiated sperm from common carp (Cyprinus carpio, 2n = 100, ♂), followed by chromosome doubling by cold shock. This process yielded two types of offspring with notable differences in appearance, designated GBTF₁-B and GBTF₁-M. The DNA content and chromosome number were analyzed, revealing that both GBTF₁-B and GBTF₁-M were diploids, each possessing 48 chromosomes. Meanwhile, the microsatellite amplification results showed that 39.92 % and 39.36 % of bands in GBTF₁-B and GBTF₁-M were consistent with both BSB and TC, 36.75 % and 23.77 % bands consistent with only BSB, 14.19 % and 20.97 % bands consistent with only TC, and 9.14 % and 15.90 % bands from mutation, respectively. The results indicated that BTF₁ produced heterozygous gametes with unevenly distributed genetic material of BSB and TC during meiosis. In addition, expression analysis of homologous genes showed that 15.3–20.33 % and 6.96–8.43 % differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GBTF₁-B were biased to BSB and TC. In contrast, 10.40–14.39 % and 10.60–14.19 % DEGs in GBTF₁-M were biased to BSB and TC, respectively. The results suggested that the expression model of DEGs in GBTF₁-B was more biased towards BSB, whereas GBTF₁-M exhibited an intermediate expression pattern between BSB and TC. These findings demonstrated the heterogeneity of gametes produced by the first-generation hybrid fish. This research provides a genomic reference for understanding the outcomes of meiosis in hybrid fish and offers valuable insights into fish reproduction and breeding.

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来源期刊

Aquaculture 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

17.80%

发文量

1246

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture is an international journal for the exploration, improvement and management of all freshwater and marine food resources. It publishes novel and innovative research of world-wide interest on farming of aquatic organisms, which includes finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and aquatic plants for human consumption. Research on ornamentals is not a focus of the Journal. Aquaculture only publishes papers with a clear relevance to improving aquaculture practices or a potential application.