Aquaculture最新文献

{"title":"Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection induces time-dependent ferroptosis in the liver of silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus)","authors":"Dianyang Zhou ,&nbsp;Ping Han ,&nbsp;Yadong Xue ,&nbsp;Zhennan Sun ,&nbsp;Longdi Wang ,&nbsp;Mengjie Chen ,&nbsp;Yuqing Chen ,&nbsp;Xiumei Liu ,&nbsp;Yajun Wang ,&nbsp;Suming Zhou ,&nbsp;Xue Sun ,&nbsp;Xubo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The silver pomfret (<em>Pampus argenteus</em>), an economically important species in China, which is susceptible to <em>Vibrio</em> infection during farming. <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> is a gram-negative bacterium that is known to cause significant infections in marine fish. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the silver pomfret's response to <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> infection remain unclear. In this study, healthy silver pomfrets were included in the control group. Artificial infection of silver pomfrets was performed via intraperitoneal injection, and the hepatic responses were analyzed at multiple post-infection time points, including 3, 12, 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi). A total of 50 fish (10 per group) were used, including controls and infected groups at multiple time points. Histopathological changes were observed in infected tissues. Furthermore, Integrated analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified a temporally regulated defense cascade in silver pomfrets following <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> infection. This cascade is characterized by sequential phase transitions: early cell death at 3 hpi, an oxidative stress response at 12 hpi, antibody presentation at 24 hpi, and metabolic regulation at 48 hpi. Interestingly, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed persistent activation of the ferroptosis signaling pathway. Additionally, WGCNA identified several hub genes, including <em>usp5</em>, <em>fbxw7</em>, <em>maff</em> and <em>ldha</em>, which have been reported to be associated with the occurrence of ferroptosis. Therefore, ferroptosis was selected as the focus of our subsequent research. Measurements of ferroptosis-related markers (genes, Fe²⁺, oxidative stress, and key proteins) revealed that the ferroptotic response in silver pomfret exhibited a time-dependent and progressively intensified pattern during <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> infection. These findings provide valuable insights into the acute immune response of silver pomfrets challenged with <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> and establish a foundation for identifying molecular targets and developing therapeutic interventions against <em>Vibrio</em> infections in economically important marine fish farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting production cycle from sea to RAS – what does the fish say?","authors":"Jonna Hänninen ,&nbsp;Jani Pulkkinen ,&nbsp;Harri Vehviläinen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In combined RAS (recirculating aquaculture system) and sea cage farming, fish are first reared in RAS for about 8 months and then transferred to sea cages for the one growing season. This method allows a shorter production cycle, more efficient nutrient uptake, and avoiding risks associated with open environment rearing. However, combining two different production methods and environments challenge ability of fish to adapt to the new farming environment. In this study, rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) were raised in RAS and partial RAS (PRAS) and then transferred to freshwater flow-through system and brackish water cages in June and September according to common practices. We investigated: 1) Does water quality during initial farming influences success of transfers?, 2) Does growth of rainbow trout differ in different rearing environments after transfers?, and 3) Does size of rainbow trout and/or timing of transfers affect growth and stress regulation of rainbow trout? Our results support that neither the water quality nor system (RAS or PRAS) affected the growth or welfare of fish, whereas the larger fish transferred in September had challenges (e.g. lower growth) after transfer to brackish water cages. However, there are many uncertainties associated with the transfer performed in September. Understanding the reasons behind these current problems would allow a wider use of this production method in salmonid aquaculture. It would also allow development of new, more efficient and sustainable production cycles and strategies, adapted to different needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How ultraviolet disinfection increases mortality of mud crabs in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS): Insights from microbial community analysis","authors":"Lulu Zhu ,&nbsp;Yueyue Zhou ,&nbsp;Shujian Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yangfang Ye ,&nbsp;Changkao Mu ,&nbsp;Chunlin Wang ,&nbsp;Ce Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is widely used to enhance water quality in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS); however, concerns about its potential adverse effects on aquatic animal survival have emerged. The mechanisms underlying UV-induced mortality are poorly understood, complicating the effective health management of aquatic species in RAS. Our study evaluated the impact of UV disinfection on juvenile mud crab survival in RAS, revealing a statistically significant decline from 76.4 % to 48.6 %. To identify contributing factors, we analyzed microbial composition in RAS water, as well as in the gut and carapace of the crabs and the biofilm of moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs). Our analysis indicated that UV disinfection compromised the complexity and stability of bacterial communities in the water, which subsequently affected the microbial composition in the gut, carapace, and biofilm. FEAST (fast expectation-maximization for microbial source tracking) analysis revealed an interaction between biofilm and water bacterial communities, with both contributing to the carapace and gut bacterial communities to varying degrees. Metagenomic analysis of the biofilm suggested that changes in microbial dynamics contributed to elevated nitrite levels in the rearing water. Functional analysis of gut and carapace microbial dynamics indicated increased biofilm formation on the carapace, along with strengthened antibiotic biosynthesis and protein export functions in the gut. Structural equation modeling revealed that variation in the carapace bacterial community is correlated with juvenile crab survival. Furthermore, UV disinfection also reduced the relative abundance of ARGs in RAS, thereby reducing the threat to environmental safety posed by aquaculture wastewater. Therefore, it is recommended to adjust the UV dose and disinfection duration, and to avoid prolonged disinfection before the rearing tanks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity integration drives sustainable and restorative aquaculture","authors":"G. Sarà ,&nbsp;M.C. Mangano ,&nbsp;B. Helmuth ,&nbsp;J. Wang ,&nbsp;M. Berlino ,&nbsp;A. Botero ,&nbsp;Y. Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We establish an ecological foundation for sustainable aquaculture, highlighting the essential role of ecological mechanisms in achieving biodiversity-positive, resilient aquaculture systems. Restorative aquaculture leverages species with ecosystem benefits – enhancing water quality, expanding habitat and supporting biodiversity - to address conservation challenges within sustainable food production. By combining restorative aquaculture with the concept of biodiversity mainstreaming and specifically with ecological principles dealing with species performances and species coexistence, we show how aquaculture systems can enhance ecosystem functions and economic viability simultaneously. This approach underscores how understanding and incorporating ecological dynamics can fundamentally transform aquaculture into a truly sustainable practice. Restorative aquaculture, when aligned with international biodiversity and sustainability goals, provides a strategic model for integrating biodiversity within food production systems, bridging ecological integrity with human needs in a globally impactful framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feed residuals in the midgut supresses appetite in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.)","authors":"Endre F. Lygre ,&nbsp;Ana S. Gomes ,&nbsp;Jonatan Nilsson ,&nbsp;Birgitta Norberg ,&nbsp;Ole-Kristian Hess-Erga ,&nbsp;Ivar Rønnestad","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feed intake in gastric fish is constrained by stomach capacity, whereas appetite modulates meal timing and magnitude. Gastric evacuation usually has a strong impact on the return of appetite; however this linkage is weak in Atlantic halibut (<em>Hippoglossus hippoglossus</em>). In this study, we evaluated the effects of three feeding regimes—satiation meals offered daily, every second day, or every third day—on feed intake, growth, and appetite-related signalling peptides in the gut–brain axis of 2 kg Atlantic halibut. Growth rate and cumulative feed intake did not differ among treatments, although fish fed daily reduced feeding activity during meals. Pre-prandial examination of gastrointestinal contents showed that halibut fed more frequently than at 3-day intervals reduced meal size. This reduction correlated with higher expression of anorexigenic signals from the pyloric caeca <em>cck1</em> and mid-intestinal <em>pyy</em> paralogs, triggered by residual digesta in these compartments. Further, <em>agrp</em> correlated negatively with elevated <em>cck1</em> and <em>pyy</em> paralogs, supporting an inhibitory (satiation) stimulus on feed intake from the midgut. Hypothalamic <em>cart2b</em>, <em>cart3b</em>, and <em>cck1</em> emerged as candidate anorexigenic biomarkers. These results demonstrate that grow-out halibut can be fed every second/third day without compromising performance. Less-frequent meals simplify behavioural monitoring, improve water quality by reducing uneaten feed, and lower operational costs and environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seawater adaptation of freshwater cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Insights into the gut microbiota and tissue gene expression profiles","authors":"Yao Xiao ,&nbsp;Zelong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongjia Pan ,&nbsp;Shan Gao ,&nbsp;Daqian Zhao ,&nbsp;Ying Dong ,&nbsp;Liang Zhao ,&nbsp;Jingwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Zunchun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mariculture of rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) represents a significant development in the field of freshwater aquaculture, due to the fact that, as a large anadromous fish, it can overcome the geographical restrictions on the culturing of this species, whilst also providing a higher quality food source for human consumption. In order to explore the seawater adaptation of rainbow trout, a salinity accumulation trial was performed with nine salinity point from freshwater (‰) to seawater (32 ‰). A total of 81 rainbow trouts were obtained with nine of each salinity point, and the changes in its gut microbiota and gene expression in diverse tissues (gill, intestine, kidney, and liver) were uncovered. The 16S-Seq revealed significant changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota among rainbow trout under different salinity conditions. These changes were initially acute and subsequently stabilised over time. Following transfer to an seawater environment, the gut microbiota of rainbow trout established a stable state that was distinct from that of individuals inhabiting freshwater. The gut microbiota of rainbow trout inhabiting seawater exhibited a simple yet stable co-occurrence network, robust fermentation and cell structure biosynthesis, and drift-dominant assembly, characteristics that differ significantly from those observed in freshwater populations. The application of RNA-Seq to tissue cells has revealed higher sensitivity of liver and intestine compared of kidney and gill to salinity stress. Based on the differentially expressed genes in all four tissues, DNA damage, cancer risks, and rhythm disorders were observed in rainbow trout cultured in seawater. It is hypothesised that the heightened cancer risks observed in rainbow trout under conditions of elevated salt stress may be attributable to fluctuations in the composition of certain rare gut bacteria, such as <em>Psychrobacter celer</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, and <em>Escherichia</em>. The results of the present study have revealed the response of the gut microbiota and host physiology of rainbow trout to salinity stress. This provides a solid foundation for the development of mariculture technology for this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145026560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production performance and risk in shrimp farming: The role of social trust belief","authors":"Thong Q. Ho ,&nbsp;Huu-Luat Do","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small-scale shrimp farming is widely regarded as a high-risk sector due to growing challenges that demand substantial effort and collective coordination in rural communities. This study examines the impact of social trust beliefs, a key dimension of social capital, on production efficiency and risk in shrimp farming in Vietnam. We employed the stochastic frontier analysis approach and a production variation function, using survey data from 349 small-scale shrimp farms collected in 2022 in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. The results reveal the existence of production inefficiency and production risk. We also find that social trust beliefs toward key stakeholders in rural communities affect both production performance and risk. Greater trust belief in formal networks reduce production risk, whereas trust in informal networks presents a trade-off: it improves technical efficiency but simultaneously increases the risk associated with shrimp yield. However, trust in input providers shows no statistically significant relationship with either production performance or risk. These results provide important insights for policy measures aimed at enhancing both the performance and stability of the shrimp farming sector in developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting interspecific conservation of male-specific genomic regions to develop markers for sex determination in catla (Labeo catla) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)","authors":"Matthew G. Hamilton ,&nbsp;Md. Masud Akhter ,&nbsp;Sirajum Monira Shanta ,&nbsp;Aashish Kumar Roy ,&nbsp;Md. Mustafizur Rahman ,&nbsp;Uzzal Kumar Sarkar ,&nbsp;Md. Kamruzzaman ,&nbsp;John A.H. Benzie","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to identify and validate male-specific genomic markers for two economically significant aquaculture species: catla (<em>Labeo catla</em> syn. <em>Catla catla</em>) and silver carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</em>). Using conserved male-specific genomic regions from closely related species—rohu (<em>Labeo rohita</em>) and bighead carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</em>)—short sequence fragments were aligned to catla and silver carp genome assemblies to identify candidate male-specific markers. These markers were incorporated into DArTag panels and evaluated, according to read-count thresholds, in individuals of known visually-assessed or functional (i.e. reproductive) phenotypic sex (PSEX). Consistent with a XX/XY sex determination system, the sequences were expected to be present in males and absent in females. In catla, three markers predicted functional PSEX with 94.7 % accuracy. Notably 10 out of 123 genotyped catla dams were marker-assigned a genotypic sex (GSEX) of male, likely due to the presence of marker sequences in non-sex-determining genomic regions. For silver carp, 11 markers demonstrated a very high accuracy of 99.7 % in predicting visually-assigned PSEX. The markers and methods identified in this study represent promising tools for efficient and accurate sex determination in catla and silver carp, though further validation across different populations is recommended to ensure their broader applicability. The identified markers showed strong potential for practical application in aquaculture, particularly for the quantification of sexual dimorphism in immature fish and identification of sex-reversed individuals, in addition to their use in genetic improvement programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A biometrical traits-to-feed model integrating fish nutrition and genetic improvement of feed utilisation traits: Predicting changes in optimal feed phosphorus levels for selectively bred rainbow trout","authors":"Antti Kause ,&nbsp;Filipe Soares ,&nbsp;Tomé S. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feed whose composition matches nutritional requirements of farmed animals is fundamental for sustainable food production. Selective breeding of fish changes growth, body composition and feed utilisation of fish and hence also nutritional requirements. We derived equations that directly estimate the required changes in feed formulation from measured trait changes, bypassing the traditional estimation by experimental dose-response trials. We applied the model to determine changes in optimal feed phosphorus (P) levels in rainbow trout that has been improved across decades by a breeding programme. The equations show that the effect of changes in body composition (body P%, fillet%, viscera%) on digestible phosphorus inclusion level is modest and linear. The effects of FCR (feed conversion ratio) and phosphorus retention efficiency are strong and highly non-linear, implying that the available phosphorus levels for rainbow trout need to be increased due to their improved FCR, and less so due to their increased fillet% and reduced viscera%. Despite the complex non-linear relationships on the observed raw scale (i.e., additive effects), the multiplicative effects of the traits on a log-log scale are actually simple and intuitive. During the last decades, dietary phosphorus has been reduced to limit nutritional loading to environment. Forecasting showed that the required feed phosphorus levels for rainbow trout under selective breeding are expected to be further increased, and a care must be taken not to reduce the dietary levels too much. The equations integrate quantitative genetics and fish nutrition under one united predictive framework, and they are applicable to other fish species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analyses reveal hepatic metabolic response of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under hypertonic stress","authors":"Miaomiao Ding ,&nbsp;Yifan Tao ,&nbsp;Jixiang Hua ,&nbsp;Yalun Dong ,&nbsp;Siqi Lu ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Huang ,&nbsp;Xujun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jie He ,&nbsp;Kai Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Qiang","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquaculture.2025.743160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) is a valuable freshwater species with a high market value in China. Previous studies have suggested that this fish can be cultured in brackish water. However, there is still a lack of detailed information about the changes in energy metabolic pathways in largemouth bass under hyperosmotic stress. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the growth performance and liver transcriptomes of largemouth bass cultured at a range of salinity levels (0 ‰, 3 ‰, 6 ‰, 9 ‰, and 12 ‰). A comprehensive analytical approach encompassing differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis demonstrated that protein metabolism, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid oxidative catabolism, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways play pivotal roles in the response of largemouth bass to hyperosmotic stress. Our results show that the main energy metabolic patterns of largemouth bass changed as the salinity level increased, and the energy demands were met by a combination of multiple energy metabolic pathways. Fish in the 3 ‰ salinity group showed the highest WGR and fat deposition, whereas salinity at 12 ‰ had severe toxic effects on fish physiology, including growth inhibition and oxidative damage to the liver (Significant upregulation of antioxidant-related genes included <em>gpx</em> and <em>gsr)</em>. In conclusion, the remodeling of fish energy metabolism under differing salinities ultimately affects growth. Our findings offer a new perspective on the impact of hyperosmotic stress on the growth of largemouth bass and establish a foundation for enhancing the adaptation of this species to brackish water environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8375,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture","volume":"612 ","pages":"Article 743160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}