Applied Water Science最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Industrial wastewater treatment using extracellular polymer substances/bioflocculants: a review","authors":"Bishwambhar Mishra, Parashuram Kallem, Rajasri Yadavalli, Sanjeeb Kumar Mandal, C. Nagendranatha Reddy, B. Sumithra, N. S. V. Lakshmayya, Fawzi Banat","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02462-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02462-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02462-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of household greywater sources and rainwater remediation on Mediterranean climate topsoils","authors":"Ailsa G. Hardie,&nbsp;Ncumisa Madubela,&nbsp;Eugene L. Lategan,&nbsp;Catherine E. Clarke","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02460-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02460-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reuse of greywater for irrigation has surged due to increasing urban freshwater scarcity. Greywater sources differ in ease and cost of reuse, with limited studies on the effects of irrigation with different sources on soil properties and subsequent rainwater remediation. Thus, this study compared the effect of four major household greywater sources (shower (SH), dishwasher (DW) and liquid and powdered laundry detergent (LLD and PLD)) on soil properties and rainwater remediation potential of two contrasting (albic Planosol (bleached) and Lixisol (rhodic)) topsoils under Mediterranean climate conditions. Summer irrigation with the greywater and tap water sources was simulated (370 mm) followed by winter rainfall simulation (370 mm). Soil chemical, physical and microbial properties were determined after each simulation. Irrigation with SH and LLD greywaters was least harmful to soil chemistry; however, LLD decreased soil infiltration rate by 48–53%, and SH resulted in hydrophobic crusting. Irrigation with PLD and DW greywater was most damaging, resulting in alkalisation, sodification and salinisation accompanied by soil structural degradation, decreasing infiltration by 85–100%. All treatments reduced soil bacterial diversity and species richness. Rain simulation was only able to reduce sodicity and salinity associated with PLD and DW application on the rhodic soil, as the clay fraction was more stable, permitting some infiltration. Therefore, PLD and DW greywaters should not be used directly for irrigation, especially on bleached soils, as this can halt rainwater percolation. Furthermore, use of less chemically harmful SH or LLD liquid greywaters could result in undesirable soil physical problems in the long term.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02460-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of baffle configurations, blockage, and flow variability on downstream scour in box culverts","authors":"Andaz Mohammed Rasul,&nbsp;Kaywan Othman Ahmed,&nbsp;Jamil Bahrami,&nbsp;Mohsen Isari,&nbsp;Muhammed Raza Kavian pour,&nbsp;Younes Aminpour,&nbsp;Farhad Faghihi,&nbsp;Miklas Scholz,&nbsp;Chaitanya Baliram Pande","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02455-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02455-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research utilized physical models to examine changes at the culvert outlet under diverse scenarios, including three different designs of baffle configurations, different levels of blockage, and flow discharges during both steady and unsteady flow states. The study assessed a box culvert with three outlets of different baffle arrangements and blockage rates of 0%, 25%, and 50% at the inlet. For unsteady flow conditions, two hydrographs were created, each containing seven unique flow discharges. Conversely, for steady flow conditions, flow rates of 13.8 <i>l/s</i> and 20 <i>l/s</i> were employed. The sediment and flow scenarios were meticulously chosen to maintain clear water throughout the experimental procedures. According to the findings, the scour patterns under both steady and unsteady flow conditions, as well as the effectiveness of the baffle in minimizing scour depths, were compared with the base case scenario at different blockage levels at culvert outlets. In-depth analysis of baffles application versus the base case scenario under the same blockage conditions showed that the deepest scour depths were typically found further from the outlet in the base case scenario. During steady flow conditions, the first design configuration of baffle reduced the deepest scour depth by 29.87% at a flow rate of 20 l<i>/s</i> with 25% blockage and configuration three was most effective at 37.70% reduction for 13.8 l<i>/s</i> with no inlet blockage. In unsteady flow conditions, during the first hydrograph, the first design configuration reduced the deepest scour depth by 37.33% at 25% blockage, while configuration two achieved a 34.48% reduction during the second hydrograph with 25% blockage. However, with baffles introduced, the greatest scour depth occurred much closer to the outlet. Additionally, an increase in flow rate resulted in larger scour holes, and scouring intensified with incremental increases in hydrograph steps. Nevertheless, an increase in blockage did not consistently result in a proportional increase in scour depth across all instances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02455-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated interpretation of deep learning-based water quality assessment system for enhanced environmental management decisions","authors":"Javed Mallick,&nbsp;Saeed Alqadhi,&nbsp;Majed Alsubih,&nbsp;Mohamed Fatahalla Mohamed Ahmed,&nbsp;Hazem Ghassan Abdo","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02452-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02452-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water quality assessment is a critical issue in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia, where environmental and anthropogenic factors pose a major challenge to both drinking water and irrigation systems. The aim of this study was to carry out a detailed assessment of the water resources in the region, focussing on the most important aspects affecting water quality. The main objectives were to calculate various water quality indices for drinking and irrigation purposes, to develop an automated system using convolutional neural networks (CNN) to predict these indices and to increase the transparency of these models using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods. Methodologically, the study used CNN algorithms optimised by Bayesian techniques for the prediction of eight water quality indices, coupled with SHAPley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis under XAI to interpret the complex decision-making processes of these models. This dual approach enabled a comprehensive and insightful assessment of water quality. Using a robust dataset from the Aseer region, eight water quality indices were calculated, revealing significant variations and highlighting areas of concern. In this study, the entropy weight-based DWQI averaged 77.90 with a high standard deviation (std) of 39.08, reflecting considerable variability. The automated CNN models demonstrated robust performance in predicting water quality indices, with high accuracy (R² = 0.959 in training and 0.945 in testing) for sodium percentage (Na%). However, the Magnesium Hazard (MH) index showed lower accuracy, suggesting possible overfitting and the need for further optimisation. SHAP analysis highlighted chloride, sulphate, and total dissolved solids as key contributors to the WQI, while sodium and calcium were significant for the sodium adsorption ratio. These insights enhance understanding of parameter influence on water quality assessments. This study introduces an advanced computational approach integrating CNN and XAI techniques, improving water quality evaluation and supporting informed environmental management in the Aseer region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02452-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring groundwater recharge potential zones mapping in the northern upper Boussellam region: a novel approach integrating TDS levels","authors":"Hichem Yakoub Khemmal,&nbsp;Azzedine Hani,&nbsp;Kaddour Benmarce","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02413-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02413-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater is a vital resource, especially in semi-arid regions where water scarcity poses a major challenge. The northern upper Boussellam region, with its unique hydrogeological conditions, requires effective groundwater management for sustainability. This study introduces a novel approach for mapping groundwater recharge potential zones across a 1,100 <span>(hbox {km}^2)</span> area using geographic information systems, the analytic hierarchy process, total dissolved solids levels, and the receiver operating characteristic curve. The study incorporates the precipitation data from NASA LaRC POWER to address the spatial and temporal limitations of local meteorological data and enhance model performance. The results revealed a clear spatial distribution of recharge potential, with a maximum of 8.66 observed in the northern mountainous areas and a gradual decrease toward the southern region. A key innovation of this study is the use of total dissolved solids levels for model validation, revealing a strong relationship with recharge dynamics. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve of 0.835, indicating high model reliability. The approach incorporates easily accessible data, including NASA LaRC POWER, the digital elevation model, Landsat imagery, and total dissolved solids, offering a replicable and adaptable framework, particularly useful in regions with limited hydrogeological data. These findings provide valuable insights into groundwater recharge processes and highlight the importance of total dissolved solids as a practical tool for model validation. The study advances the identification and spatial distribution of groundwater recharge zones, providing a foundation for more effective water resource management and sustainable resource planning in semi-arid regions facing similar challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02413-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Removal of carcinogenic benzidine from water using highly efficient carbon black prepared from sugarcane bagasse","authors":"Nehad A. Elmaghraby,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Hassaan,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Zien,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Abedelrhim,&nbsp;Safaa Ragab,&nbsp;Murat Yılmaz,&nbsp;Ahmed El Nemr","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02432-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02432-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of inexpensive, easily accessible, highly effective, and environmentally friendly adsorbents has been looked into as a perfect substitute for the currently expensive ways of extracting pollutants from wastewater. This study examines the potential use of carbon black (CB) obtained from sugarcane bagasse for the elimination of aromatic amines such as benzidine from simulated wastewater as it is listed as a carcinogenic agent. The contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial benzidine concentration effects on the system were investigated. According to the findings, the proportion of benzidine removed rose as the adsorbent amount increased. The adsorption of benzidine followed a pseudo-second-order (PSOM) rate equation and fit well Langmuir (LIM) better than the other isotherm models. Maximum adsorption of benzidine on carbon black from sugar cane bagasse (CBB) (99.84%) was observed at pH 2.65 (normal pH), adsorption dose 2 g L^–1, and initial concentration of 50 mg L^–1 benzidine after contact time 50 min.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02432-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical signatures, quality and driving forces of phreatic groundwater in a typical headwater region of the Yellow River watershed","authors":"Kui Liu,&nbsp;Huijun Yan,&nbsp;Wanping Wang,&nbsp;Shengbin Wang,&nbsp;Zhigang Wang,&nbsp;Yong Xiao,&nbsp;Bo Guo,&nbsp;Jie Wang,&nbsp;Shilong Zhang,&nbsp;Guoqiang Zhang,&nbsp;Shaokang Yang,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02458-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02458-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater chemistry is essential for water supply to both human community and ecosystems. This study focuses on a typical headwater region of the Yellow River watershed, aiming to get insights into the hydrogeochemical characteristics and governing factors of phreatic groundwater in the large river watershed. Phreatic groundwater exhibits slightly alkaline properties in this alpine headwater region. The majority of the sampled groundwater is relatively fresh. Groundwater hydrochemical facies are predominantly of Ca–HCO₃ type, gradually evolving to Mg·Ca–Cl type, and then to Na–Cl along the groundwater flow path. Groundwater hydrochemical composition is primarily governed by sulfates dissolution, silicates weathering, and cation exchange reactions in natural processes. Agricultural practices and municipal sewage contribute nitrogen and chemical constituents into phreatic aquifers, resulting in increased salinity and the progressive deterioration of phreatic groundwater quality. Approximately 25% of sampling groundwater exceeded the recommended limit for NO₃⁻, and around 20% surpassed the limit for F⁻. These exceedances could potentially pose health risks to the population due to oral exposure. Groundwater exhibits significant variation in hydrochemical quality, with EWQI values ranging from 26 to 185. The majority (75%) of sampled groundwaters have the EWQI values less than 100, and are suitable for direct human consumption. Considering the rising population density in the alpine headwater region of large river watershed worldwide, the ongoing monitoring of groundwater supplies is essential to detect any potential toxic substances that may arise from human activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02458-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the probabilistic behavior of reference evapotranspiration using Vine tree sequence","authors":"Aliheidar Nasrolahi,&nbsp;Mohammad Nazeri Tahroudi,&nbsp;Yaser Sabzevari","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02429-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02429-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Reference evapotranspiration, which includes the contribution of climatic conditions in potential evapotranspiration, is considered as an important and strategic criterion in water resources management and irrigation designs. Therefore, it is necessary to determine and predict its changes in each region. In this study, using copula functions, the behavior and changes of this component were investigated in the west of Iran. For this purpose, the meteorological information of nine synoptic stations including Tmax, Tmin, WS, Rs, RHmax, and RHmin were used. This research aims to explore multivariate simulation based on vine tree sequences. Among these parameters, wind speed had the least effect on ET₀, and in all the studied stations, there was the highest correlation between ET₀-Tmax pair variable, which was equal to 0.90, 0.87, 0.89, 0.88, 0.86, 0.85, 0.88, and 0.81 in Aligudarz, Azna, Borujerd, Dorud, Khorramabad, Kuhdasht, Nurabad, and Poldakhter stations, respectively, based on Kendall's Tau statistics. The tree sequence of vine copulas including C-, D-, and R-vine was examined according to the input variables based on AIC and logarithm of likelihood evaluation criteria. According to the results, it was found that based on the evaluation criteria, the D-vine tree sequence has the best performance in the joint probability analysis of the studied variables. In addition, the results showed that the D-vine tree sequence, unlike the two R and C type sequences, has maintained the correlation between the studied pair variables until the last tree. The results of this study showed that copula functions could analyze evapotranspiration in different climates with high capability, which can be used in predicting the behavior of non-linear variables.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02429-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of fluoride transport in groundwater using visual MODFLOW flex and Human Health Risk Assessment","authors":"Sathish Nagaraj,&nbsp;Uma Shankar Masilamani","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02454-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02454-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geogenic contamination of fluoride severely impacts groundwater quality rather than industrial contamination. In this study, MODFLOW and MT3D applications are used to predict the groundwater flow and fluoride transport in Vaniyambadi and Ambur taluk in Tirupathur district. The conceptual model with three-layered aquifer system has been developed using visual MODFLOW flex v6.1 for an area of 955 km², with each grid cell sized 1000 m × 1000 m (51 rows × 49 columns). The model was calibrated from 2021 to 2022 for 30 -day period. Calibration of groundwater flow simulation after 365 days indicates that <i>R</i>² value was 0.98; SEE, RMSE and NRMSE were 3.72 m, 27.87 m and 6.33%, respectively. MT3D simulation reveals that the value of R² was 0.97, and RMSE and NRMSE were 0.23 m and 7.41%, respectively. The calculated fluoride concentration ranges between 0.3 and 3.49 mg/L; after 20 years of prediction, it was found to be 0.35–2.69 mg/L. The source of fluoride contamination is charnockite and granite-gneiss complex rock in Yelagiri Hill, which has 4 mg/L; after 20 years of simulation, the concentration was 9.91 mg/L and the plume extends up to 8 km towards the Palar River basin. Furthermore, HHRA has been used to evaluate the impact of fluoride on adults and children. According to the HHRA, hazard index (HI) was found to be more than one in many locations, causing serious health hazard. The results of these findings pave the way for further research on prevention of groundwater pollution due to geogenic migration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02454-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of water management and cost–benefit of lifting water for new elevated reclaimed areas: a case study of El Nasr Canal, Egypt","authors":"Noha F. Abd El Azim,&nbsp;Hossam M. Moghazy,&nbsp;Noha H. Moghazy","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02426-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13201-025-02426-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In arid and semi-arid regions, water scarcity is a dominant problem where water insufficiency greatly hinders sustainable agricultural development. Another significant challenge is usage of pump stations for lifting irrigation water to elevated lands considering cost recovery of cultivated crops. Egypt, which is a semi-arid region, has been facing challenges due to limited water resources and insufficient agricultural production. Egyptian Government seeks to expand agricultural projects to increase production. This paper focuses on expansion project along command area of El Nasr Canal, as a case study, which is supplied from El Nubaria Canal through a cascade of five pump stations irrigating new reclaimed land in north-west Egypt Delta. The main goal of this study is to analyze cost–benefit of lifting water to irrigate different crops along El Nasr Canal. The study also aims to assess sufficiency of lifting water along each pumping station and investigate shortages/surpluses until delivering water to end users. Modern irrigation is applied to only 57% of El Nasr Canal area, while surface irrigation is used in remaining areas. Cost analysis showed that total cost of lifting water for each pump station is (2.794, 5.591, 8.247, 12.138, and 17.044) × 10^–3 $/m³, respectively. Feasibility analysis indicated that sunflower, groundnuts, sugar beet, apples, and mandarins are non-feasible for most pumping stations zones even with usage of modern irrigation. Results showed irrigation demand requirements exceeded water supply causing severe shortages of 883.30 MCM/year. Accordingly, the study presented different scenarios to provide decision-makers with solutions for better management of water and cropping pattern. Methodology developed in this study presents a useful guide to analyze and assess water resources and agricultural sustainability in similar regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13201-025-02426-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}