Annals Of Work Exposures and Health最新文献

{"title":"Reply to Letter to the Editor regarding \"Recommended flow rate of the aluminum cyclone for improved exposure assessment\".","authors":"Sena Yang, Martin Harper, Emanuele Cauda, Taekhee Lee","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor.","authors":"Göran Lidén","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High radon concentrations in artisanal copper-cobalt underground mining in Kolwezi, Democratic Republic of the Congo.","authors":"Paul Musa Obadia, Joseph Pyana Kitenge, Trésor Carsi Kuhangana, Desiré Mundali Shimbi, Elodie Lwendela Kalasa, Erick Luboya Kalamba, Boris Dehandschutter, Célestin Banza Lubaba Nkulu, Benoit Nemery","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag079","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cobalt mining plays a crucial role for the local and national economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), but mining leads to serious occupational health risks, including exposure to radon emanating from the uranium-rich ore in the region. However, no data are available about radon levels in artisanal copper-cobalt underground mines in Kolwezi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between May 2021 and April 2023, radon concentrations were measured by means of passive diffusive radon detectors (Radonova) in 3 copper-cobalt underground artisanal mines (Kamilombe, Bridon, and Usine à Cuivre de Kolwezi [UCK]). Thirty detectors were deployed for 56 to 84 d.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 30 detectors, only 20 were retrieved because of cave-ins. Median [range] radon levels were 1,425 Bq/m3 [111 to 6,848 Bq/m3] for Kamilombe (n = 10), 2,210 Bq/m3 [96 to 7,910 Bq/m3] for Bridon (n = 5), and 24,800 Bq/m3 [96 Bq/m3-above saturation level of ∼24,000 Bq/m3] for UCK (n = 5). In Kamilombe, radon levels correlated with shaft depth (Spearman ρ = 0·70, P = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taking an average duration of 12 h of underground work per day, the observed median radon concentration levels would lead miners to exceed the recommended annual effective dose of 6 mSv within a few months, thus exposing them to a well-recognized risk of lung cancer. Combined with the uranium-rich geology and poor mine ventilation, these findings identify an important occupational health hazard and underscore the need for improved ventilation and routine radon monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The occupational exposome and new-onset COPD: longitudinal analyses of two European cohorts.","authors":"Theresa Kynde, Wenxin Wan, Anne Mette Lund Würtz, Lützen Portengen, Jorunn Kirkeleit, Sheikh M Alif, Andrei Malinovschi, Benedicte Leynaert, Caroline Jane Lodge, Cecilie Svanes, Chantal Raherison, Emeline Lequy, Geza Benke, Hanifa Bouziri, Hans Kromhout, Hans Orru, Hayat Bentouhami, Ioannis Basinas, Isabel Urrutia Landa, Jan-Paul Zock, Jenny Selander, Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Rovira, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Katarina Kjellberg, Lars Modig, Leopoldo Palacios Gómez, Lidia Casas Ruiz, Maria Albin, Mathias Holm, Nicole Le Moual, Orianne Dumas, Pascal Demoly, Pernilla Wiebert, Rachel Nadif, Susan Peters, Theodore Lytras, Thorarinn Gislason, Valerie Siroux, Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano, Henrik Albert Kolstad, Anjoeka Pronk, Vivi Schlünssen","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Occupational exposures may contribute to the development of COPD, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Using an exposome approach in a follow-up design, we aimed to examine the association between the occupational exposome and new-onset COPD in 2 population-based cohorts: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) with 2 follow-ups (n = 4,087; observations = 6,224) and the CONSTANCES cohort with 1 follow-up (n = 8,255).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>COPD was defined by respiratory symptom(s) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) below the lower limit of normal. Occupational exposures were assessed through long-term job histories linked to 6 job exposure matrices representing 49 different chemical, ergonomic, and physical exposures. Cumulative occupational exposures until baseline were assigned to each participant. Three analytical approaches were used: Exposome-Wide Association Study (ExWAS), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), and Boruta Random Forest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In ECRHS, across the 3 analytical approaches, the most important exposures associated with increased COPD were heavy lifting, forward-bent posture, gases and fumes, mineral dust, house dust mites, and kneeling/squatting. In CONSTANCES, the most important exposures were diesel exhaust fumes, respirable crystalline silica, other solvents, organic solvents, indoor cleaning, and mineral dust. Differences in follow-up time and cohort characteristics may explain cohort discrepancies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We confirmed the importance of several chemical occupational exposures for COPD and observed new associations between ergonomic and physical occupational exposures and COPD. These associations more likely reflect broader occupational exposure patterns than independent effects and should be interpreted in that context. Despite complexities in interpretation, the results underline the importance of implementing new analytical approaches, as it provide opportunities to identify the interplay of occupational exposures in an occupational exposome context.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-parameter characterization of indoor air quality in a medical marijuana cultivation facility in Oklahoma: a pilot study of occupational exposure determinants.","authors":"Hongwan Li, Yao Yang, Anni Yang, Wenwen Cheng","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag074","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The legal cannabis industry is expanding rapidly across the United States, yet indoor air quality (IAQ) characterizations of cultivation facilities remain scarce. Oklahoma's medical marijuana program grew to over 7,300 commercial licenses and 380,000 registered patients by 2023, but no published study has characterized occupational exposures within the state's cultivation facilities. Cannabis workers face poorly understood respiratory hazards, including elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) from plant respiration, particulate matter (PM) from cultivation activities, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and extreme thermal and humidity conditions. This pilot study addresses this critical knowledge gap. We conducted continuous monitoring (10 July to 1 August 2023) in a 2,000 ft2 (approximately 186 m2) heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC)-equipped indoor medical cannabis cultivation facility in Central Oklahoma housing approximately 900 plants. The monitored room used an approximately 12-h light:12-h dark photoperiod, intermittent supplemental CO2, and a continuously operating single-zone HVAC system. Seven instruments were deployed across 3 spatial zones at breathing zone height (1.5 m): 3 Aranet4 nondispersive infrared (NDIR) CO2 sensors, 2 TSI AirAssure (8144) multi-parameter monitors (CO2, CO, NO2, O3, SO2, total volatile organic compound [tVOC], size-resolved PM), and 2 PurpleAir PA-II-FLEX dual-channel particle counters. Approximately 113,000 quality-controlled records were analyzed. CO2 concentrations exhibited a photoperiod-linked diurnal pattern driven by the plant light/dark cycle, with Aranet4 means ranging from 979 to 1,086 ppm and maxima exceeding 2,200 ppm. Elevated nighttime CO2 was consistent with the combined influence of plant metabolism, intermittent CO2 enrichment, and ventilation dynamics; worker respiration at night was unlikely to be the dominant explanation because workers generally left the room after lights were turned off. Median PM2.5 concentrations were low (1.4 to 3.1 µg/m3), but episodic spikes reached 5,000 to 35,000 µg/m3. The largest daytime PM excursion coincided with an in-flower canopy-maintenance event, which was trimming, defoliation, or canopy maintenance. Mean tVOC concentrations reached 3.61 mg/m3, and ethanol proxies exceeded 8,000 ppb at the 95th percentile. Temperature and relative humidity frequently reached levels that may increase heat stress and may also influence sensor performance under high-humidity conditions. This pilot study demonstrates that indoor medical cannabis cultivation facilities can present a complex, multi-hazard exposure environment involving CO2 enrichment and photoperiod-linked CO2 variability, episodic PM excursions, VOCs, and elevated heat and humidity. These findings highlight an urgent need for cannabis-specific occupational exposure research, facility ventilation guidance, activity-resolved monitoring, and worker health surveillance programs, particularly in states li","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerosol mitigation efficiency of high-volume suction systems during aerosol-generating dental procedures with patients.","authors":"Brie Hawley Blackley, Jennifer Franko, Jean Cox-Ganser, Caroline P Groth, Tammy Chipps, Scott Young, Fotinos Panagakos, Aidan Davis, Mohammed Abbas Virji","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Routine dental procedures can expose dental providers to aerosols associated with potential acute or chronic respiratory health effects. High-volume suction (HVS) systems can potentially mitigate aerosols generated during routine dental procedures; however, few studies to date have evaluated HVS systems' aerosol exposure mitigation efficiency during procedures with patients. This study reports the aerosol mitigation efficiency of 5 commercially available HVS systems [standard high-volume evacuation (HVE), 3 intraoral HVS systems (Systems A-C), and 1 modified HVE (System D)] when used during dental procedures utilizing a high-speed handpiece (ie crown preparations) or ultrasonic scaler. Direct-reading instruments measured aerosol size distribution, aerosol number concentrations (thoracic [PM10]), and aerosol mass concentrations (respirable [PM4] and thoracic [PM10]) while using each of the 5 HVS systems during high-speed handpiece (n = 26) or ultrasonic scaling procedures (n = 25). Background and procedure aerosol measurements were collected in the (i) operatory near the dentist and (ii) hallway outside the operatory. Factors including (i) HVS flow rate, (ii) procedure duration, (iii) crown preparation tooth location, and (iv) ultrasonic scaler type and mouth quadrant(s) treated were recorded. Ratios of procedure-to-background aerosol concentrations were calculated, and multiple linear regression models were fit accounting for covariates to determine if an HVS system reduced mean aerosol number concentrations to levels no different from background concentrations (ratio 95% lower confidence limit ≤1). The percentage frequency of how often PM4 or PM10 mass measurements were reduced to concentrations below average background concentrations was also calculated for each HVS system. Standard HVE, System A, and System D reduced aerosol number concentrations to background concentrations during both procedure types. Additionally, standard HVE reduced aerosol mass concentrations to background most often during either procedure type. However, none of the 5 HVS systems fully reduced aerosol mass to background levels during high-speed handpiece procedures, despite all HVS flow rates being greater than a flow rate previously reported as sufficient for aerosol capture during high-speed handpiece procedures. Further, the effect of HVS flow rate on PM10 number ratios during either procedure type varied across HVS systems. Future studies are needed to identify factors that can improve HVS systems' aerosol mitigation efficiency, including HVS flow rate ranges needed to sufficiently mitigate aerosol exposures during common patient procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13690175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty-six years of the Inhaled Particles symposia-a commentary.","authors":"John W Cherrie","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The first Inhaled Particles Symposium was held in 1960 under the leadership of 2 aerosol scientists, Norman Davies and Henry Walton. The study of inhaled particles has evolved over the subsequent decades, encompassing toxicology, epidemiology, aerosol science and occupational hygiene to understand their potential health impacts. Research has progressed from studies of workers in coal mines and those working with asbestos along with other dusts, including talc, radioactive particles, irritant aerosols such as enzymes and other organic dusts, and latterly nanoparticles and nanoplastics. The papers have mostly concerned occupational exposure, although some symposia included sessions on air pollution and cigarette smoke. This commentary briefly summarises some of the key achievements of 14 Inhaled Particles symposia, highlighting advances in particle deposition, clearance, exposure measurement and toxicity assessment. These symposia have fostered multidisciplinary dialogue, although recent meetings have become primarily focused on particle toxicology. It is argued that there is a need to reinvigorate the dialogue between epidemiologists, exposure scientists and toxicologists to develop comprehensive models linking exposure metrics to disease risk. Such integration would enhance risk assessment and inform preventive strategies for diverse inhaled particles. Additionally, preserving the symposia's legacy through an accessible archive would support ongoing research and collaboration in this important scientific field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148823628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of earplug intervention on temporary threshold shift among small-scale metal workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.","authors":"Edson M Protas, Simon Lwaho, Evaline Asenga, Witness J Axwesso, Israel P Nyarubeli, Alex M Tungu, Simon Mamuya","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Workers in small-scale metal industries in Tanzania are exposed to hazardous noise levels above 85 dB(A) without hearing protection, risking temporary threshold shift (TTS), a reversible precursor to permanent hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence of TTS and evaluate the efficacy of earplug intervention among small-scale metal workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-post intervention study was conducted from January to April 2024 with 55 workers from 2 small-scale metal industry cooperatives in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, where noise levels exceeded 85 dB(A). Participants underwent baseline audiometry without hearing protection, followed by a 1-mo earplug intervention and post-intervention testing. Pure-tone audiometry was performed using an Interacoustics AD226 diagnostic audiometer in a mobile soundproof booth. The primary outcome was TTS ≥10 dB at 4 kHz. Data were analyzed using R software (version 2023.12.1 + 402). Continuous TTS values (in dB) were analyzed using paired t-tests. The binary outcome of experiencing a temporary threshold shift (TTS) of ≥10 dB was analyzed using McNemar's test. Results are reported as mean differences, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before intervention, 27.3% of workers experienced TTS ≥10 dB at 4,000 Hz. Following the earplug intervention, this proportion was 12.7% (P = 0.080). The mean TTS at 4,000 Hz decreased from 1.6 to -1.3 dB (P = 0.082). Changes in mean TTS were also observed at 1,000 Hz (0.3 dB to -1.6 dB, P = 0.016) and 3,000 Hz (1.9 dB to -1.4 dB, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Earplug use substantially reduced temporary threshold shifts, demonstrating effectiveness as a practical intervention in small-scale metal industries. These findings support hearing protection integration in small-scale metal industries in informal sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Association of oil spill-related volatile organic compound exposure with CVD-related biomarkers in the Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag073","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13511138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148824377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work stress, physical work demands, and device-measured physical activity: independent and joint associations with cardiovascular disease risk.","authors":"Aviroop Biswas, Nhat Chau, Victoria Landsman, Faraz V Shahidi, Stephanie A Prince","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxag083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxag083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and work stress is recognized as a potential contributor to increased CVD risk among workers. While meeting the moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (PA) recommendation is widely promoted for CVD prevention, evidence suggests that physical work demands may not yield the same protective effects. This study assessed work stress, physical work demands, meeting the PA recommendation, and their independent and effect modification associations with CVD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 5 cycles of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007 to 2017) were linked to CVD hospitalization and mortality records through 2019 (N = 9,860). Covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models estimated independent and stratified associations between (i) self-reported work stress, (ii) physical work demands derived from occupational titles, and (iii) meeting the PA recommendation (≥150 min per week of accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA) and CVD events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In covariate-adjusted models, work stress was not significantly associated with CVD risk (hazard ratio [HR] for high versus low work stress = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.80). In stratified models, workers with low physical work demands and stationary occupations and moderate and high work stress did not have a statistically significant increased CVD risk compared with those with low stress (moderate stress: HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 0.53 to 3.44; high stress: HR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.37 to 4.83). In contrast, among workers in high physical work demand occupations, stressful work conditions were generally associated with lower CVD risk, with substantial uncertainty around the effect estimates (moderate stress: HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.95; high stress: HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.06 to 3.69). Meeting the PA recommendation was also associated with lower CVD risk across levels of work stress, including among those reporting moderate or high stress; however, these associations were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Associations between work stress and CVD risk varied by physical work demands, with higher stress linked to greater risk in low physical work demands and stationary occupations. Meeting the PA recommendation showed a consistent trend toward lower CVD risk across levels of work stress. Overall, the findings suggest potential heterogeneity in the relationship between work stress and CVD according to physical work demands rather than demonstrating a protective effect. Further research with greater statistical power is needed to improve precision and clarify the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":"70 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13603037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}