{"title":"Wildland firefighter exposure and female cancer risk: currently available evidence.","authors":"Kathleen Navarro DuBose, Megan Saylors, Pujeeta Chowdhary, Jessica Trowbridge","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf048","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The James M. Inhofe National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 established that certain illnesses and diseases are to be deemed as proximately caused by employment in federal fire protection activities. However, cancers affecting female wildland firefighters were not included on this list and are recommended for further evaluation. We present the best available scientific evidence for the risk of breast and gynaecological cancers associated with exposures that are commonly measured in the wildland fire environment, including benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Epidemiology and experimental studies assessing these exposures have reported an increased risk for female breast and gynaecological cancers in other occupations or from indoor sources and the ambient environment (ie air pollution). Currently, there are 29 individual states in the United States that have laws that establish a presumption that female cancers contracted by firefighters are the result of occupational exposure. We highlight the link between common carcinogen exposures measured in the wildland fire environment with the risk of female cancers, which should be considered when evaluating the scientific evidence available for the inclusion of these cancers to be deemed as proximately caused by wildland firefighting.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"791-797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463555/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxaf048","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The James M. Inhofe National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 established that certain illnesses and diseases are to be deemed as proximately caused by employment in federal fire protection activities. However, cancers affecting female wildland firefighters were not included on this list and are recommended for further evaluation. We present the best available scientific evidence for the risk of breast and gynaecological cancers associated with exposures that are commonly measured in the wildland fire environment, including benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Epidemiology and experimental studies assessing these exposures have reported an increased risk for female breast and gynaecological cancers in other occupations or from indoor sources and the ambient environment (ie air pollution). Currently, there are 29 individual states in the United States that have laws that establish a presumption that female cancers contracted by firefighters are the result of occupational exposure. We highlight the link between common carcinogen exposures measured in the wildland fire environment with the risk of female cancers, which should be considered when evaluating the scientific evidence available for the inclusion of these cancers to be deemed as proximately caused by wildland firefighting.
《James M. Inhofe 2023财政年度国防授权法案》规定，某些疾病应被视为由联邦消防活动中的就业直接引起的。然而，影响女性消防员的癌症并不包括在这个名单上，建议进一步评估。我们提供了最好的现有科学证据，证明乳腺癌和妇科癌症的风险与在野火环境中通常测量的暴露有关，包括苯、多环芳烃和颗粒物。评估这些接触的流行病学和实验研究报告称，其他职业或室内来源和周围环境（即空气污染）增加了女性乳腺癌和妇科癌的风险。目前，美国有29个州的法律规定，消防员感染的女性癌症是由于职业暴露造成的。我们强调在野火环境中测量的常见致癌物暴露与女性癌症风险之间的联系，在评估将这些癌症视为由野火直接引起的现有科学证据时应考虑到这一点。
期刊介绍：
About the Journal
Annals of Work Exposures and Health is dedicated to presenting advances in exposure science supporting the recognition, quantification, and control of exposures at work, and epidemiological studies on their effects on human health and well-being. A key question we apply to submission is, "Is this paper going to help readers better understand, quantify, and control conditions at work that adversely or positively affect health and well-being?"
We are interested in high quality scientific research addressing:
the quantification of work exposures, including chemical, biological, physical, biomechanical, and psychosocial, and the elements of work organization giving rise to such exposures;
the relationship between these exposures and the acute and chronic health consequences for those exposed and their families and communities;
populations at special risk of work-related exposures including women, under-represented minorities, immigrants, and other vulnerable groups such as temporary, contingent and informal sector workers;
the effectiveness of interventions addressing exposure and risk including production technologies, work process engineering, and personal protective systems;
policies and management approaches to reduce risk and improve health and well-being among workers, their families or communities;
methodologies and mechanisms that underlie the quantification and/or control of exposure and risk.
There is heavy pressure on space in the journal, and the above interests mean that we do not usually publish papers that simply report local conditions without generalizable results. We are also unlikely to publish reports on human health and well-being without information on the work exposure characteristics giving rise to the effects. We particularly welcome contributions from scientists based in, or addressing conditions in, developing economies that fall within the above scope.
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