Annals Of Work Exposures and Health最新文献

{"title":"Reply to: comments on systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of man-made vitreous fibres and respiratory health outcomes.","authors":"Damien M McElvenny, Ireny Iskandar, Sarah Daniels, Matthew Gittins, Martie van Tongeren","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the temporal patterns of occupational time on feet and sitting between homecare and nursing home workers.","authors":"Nestor Lögdal, Svend Erik Mathiassen, Jennie A Jackson, David M Hallman","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf049","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eldercare work is physically demanding, which may contribute to high rates of sickness absence. Understanding the temporal patterns of time on feet and sitting, the latter assumed to represent recovery, and how they depend on organizational and individual factors is key to a better work organization that can effectively promote health, but this has not been studied before.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe temporal patterns of time on feet and sitting among homecare and nursing home workers and examine their associations with setting, job demands and resources, job title, and age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Swedish homecare (n = 101) and nursing home (n = 73) workers wore accelerometers for 7 consecutive days to assess physical behaviors. Short (≤5 min), moderate (>5 to ≤30 min), and long (>30 min) bouts of time on feet and sitting were identified, with their relative distribution expressed in 5 ratios and analyzed using compositional data analysis procedures. Workers also completed a questionnaire on job organizational factors (job demands and resources) and individual factors (job title and age). MAN(C)OVA models were used to analyze differences in behaviors between eldercare settings, with organizational and individual factors being added in 2 consecutive models. Univariate analyses followed the multivariate models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Homecare and nursing home workers spent most of the workday on their feet (51.9% and 56.9%, respectively). The only statistically significant difference between settings was that homecare workers spent 30.1% less time sitting in long bouts relative to moderate and short compared to nursing home workers (P = 0.011), and this difference remained after adding covariates. Higher age was associated with more time on feet relative to sitting (P = 0.002, η2 = 0.06) and more time on feet in long bouts relative to moderate and short bouts (P = 0.001, η2 = 0.06) with medium effect sizes, as well as to more time on feet in moderate bouts relative short bouts (P = 0.011, η2 = 0.04), and less sitting in long bouts relative to moderate and short bouts (P = 0.019, η2 = 0.03) with small effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Temporal patterns varied by setting and age, with homecare workers sitting less in long bouts than nursing home workers, and older workers spending more time on feet than younger workers. These findings suggest that work setting and worker characteristics are associated with temporal patterns of physical behavior, although most effects were small-to-moderate and their practical relevance remain uncertain and warrants further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"855-867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of man-made vitreous fibers and respiratory health outcomes.","authors":"Natalie Suder Egnot","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"896-897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous publication of Annals of Work Exposures and Health.","authors":"Rachael M Jones","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"789-790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating antineoplastic drug surface contamination in veterinary settings and on canine patients.","authors":"Andrew Floeder, Jingfang Huang, Kelly Bergsrud, Rachael Lilly, Antonella Borgatti, Susan Arnold, Silvia Balbo","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antineoplastic drugs can persist on surfaces in human and veterinary oncology clinics where they are administered, resulting in potentially hazardous exposures for healthcare workers and cancer patient caregivers. To assess potential surface contamination in occupational settings, a new liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously detect six commonly used antineoplastic drugs. A surface wipe and desorption method was optimized for cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, etoposide, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil with drug desorption recoveries ranging from 49% to 79%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/ml and 0.01 to 1.33 ng/ml, respectively. This method was used to quantify cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin surface contamination from wipe samples collected at a veterinary clinic following drug administration to canine-patients. Specific areas in the oncology treatment room identified as frequently contacted were sampled to determine the antineoplastic drug surface contamination that could lead to worker exposure through dermal contact, with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin levels ranging from 6.68 to 17.4 pg cm-2 and 13.5 to 40.3 pg cm-2. Additionally, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin wipe samples (n = 50) were obtained from two kennel surfaces and 10 canine-patients after chemotherapy. Samples were collected from the patients' coats before leaving the clinic and day after in the home environment to investigate the potential for dogs to be a source of household contamination. Cyclophosphamide was identified in samples collected at home in 4/5 canine-patients at levels ranging from 2.61 to 368 ng/sample, while doxorubicin was identified on kennel surfaces wiped post-treatment at levels ranging from 3.53 to 1655 pg cm-2. These findings support the ability of this method to detect contamination of these drugs in both occupational clinics and homes. The results set the stage for investigating contamination levels in various settings, such as human and veterinary clinics and home environments, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of decontamination products and protocols toward reducing workplace and environmental exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"843-854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of historical formaldehyde occupational exposure in China.","authors":"Jia Nie, Calvin B Ge, Nathaniel Rothman, Wei Hu, Qing Lan, Roel Vermeulen, Susan Peters","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Formaldehyde is a known human carcinogen related to leukemia and nasopharyngeal cancer. As China is the world's largest producer and consumer of formaldehyde, occupational exposure to formaldehyde may pose potential health risks to workers. We aimed to describe occupational exposure to formaldehyde over time in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Occupational formaldehyde exposure measurements were extracted from Chinese and English scientific publications as well as routine occupational hazard monitoring datasets. A weighted mean concentration was calculated by occupation and industry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We extracted over 20,447 individual measurements from 73 industries and 70 occupations during 1979 to 2023 across China. The majority of measurements (19%) were from the industry \"Manufacture of veneer sheets and wood-based panels,\" with a pooled mean task-based concentration of 0.69 (0.02 to 4.98) mg/m3. Among occupations with over 200 individual measurements and a pooled weighted mean concentration of 0.5 mg/m3 or higher, \"Metal moulders and coremakers\" has the highest task-based concentration, at 1.40 (0.04 to 1.99) mg/m3. Formaldehyde exposure levels varied across occupations and changed over time. Before 1990, the overall pooled mean (range) task-based concentration was 1.60 (0.15 to 6.14) mg/m3, decreasing to 0.41 (0.00 to 12.0) mg/m3 from 2011 onward.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Occupational formaldehyde exposure in China has shown a declining trend over the past decades but remains high in certain occupations. Identifying high-risk industries and occupations can inform the development of targeted interventions and regulations to mitigate formaldehyde exposure. Furthermore, the presented exposure data can contribute to better exposure assessment in epidemiological investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"808-819"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms leading to occupational oral exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Marlene Dietz, Anke Kahl, Urs Schlüter","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In addition to inhalation and dermal exposure, also oral exposure is relevant in the workplace, even though this exposure route is most often neglected. In order to improve the understanding of occupational oral exposure, a systematic identification of mechanisms leading to inadvertent ingestion in the workplace is needed, including the transfer of chemicals and the contribution of aerosols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA method including 5 databases and 9 institutional websites. Information from the included studies was extracted in concept matrices and further analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 175 suitable publications were selected. Identified mechanisms leading to oral exposure were the transfer of chemicals, eg, from hands to mouth, and contributions from aerosols. Transfer influencing parameters were categorized as environmental, substance-specific, transfer pathway, surface, contact, or skin characteristics.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Even though oral exposure was mainly investigated for children so far, similar mechanisms can lead to oral exposure in adults. Although the parameters characterizing the transfer of chemicals were identified and categorized, inconsistencies in nomenclature were identified, and correlations between parameters and transfer efficiencies often remained unclear.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The transfer of hazardous substances and the contribution of aerosols were identified as mechanisms of oral exposure. Transfer parameters and the interplay between particles from aerosols and oral exposure were discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"798-807"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wildland firefighter exposure and female cancer risk: currently available evidence.","authors":"Kathleen Navarro DuBose, Megan Saylors, Pujeeta Chowdhary, Jessica Trowbridge","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The James M. Inhofe National Defence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 established that certain illnesses and diseases are to be deemed as proximately caused by employment in federal fire protection activities. However, cancers affecting female wildland firefighters were not included on this list and are recommended for further evaluation. We present the best available scientific evidence for the risk of breast and gynaecological cancers associated with exposures that are commonly measured in the wildland fire environment, including benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Epidemiology and experimental studies assessing these exposures have reported an increased risk for female breast and gynaecological cancers in other occupations or from indoor sources and the ambient environment (ie air pollution). Currently, there are 29 individual states in the United States that have laws that establish a presumption that female cancers contracted by firefighters are the result of occupational exposure. We highlight the link between common carcinogen exposures measured in the wildland fire environment with the risk of female cancers, which should be considered when evaluating the scientific evidence available for the inclusion of these cancers to be deemed as proximately caused by wildland firefighting.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"791-797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory responses of inhalable aerosols from powder food industry in THP-1 cells.","authors":"Christine Darbakk, Raymond Olsen, Solveig Krapf, Pål Graff","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational exposure to inhalable aerosols and airborne particles in the food production industry is associated with an increased risk of respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to investigate the inflammatory potential of inhalable aerosols collected from various food production environments and work tasks by assessing the concentrations of cytokines using an in vitro assay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The inflammatory response, as measured by the production of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12, was determined using human macrophages derived from THP-1 monocytic cells. These cells were exposed to inhalable aerosol samples from 12 dry powder food processing plants. Cytokine concentrations were quantified using a Luminex assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study identified statistically significant variations in in vitro cytokine responses across different production types and work tasks, emphasizing the diverse inflammatory potential of workplace aerosols. Furthermore, a dose-dependent relationship was observed for TNF-α, IL-8, IL-2, and IL-1β, suggesting that aerosol mass plays a role in immune activation. After normalizing cytokine concentrations to aerosol mass, variations in the intrinsic potential of aerosols were observed, indicating that aerosols generated during dry powder food production have differing capacities to induce an inflammatory response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study has demonstrated that the inflammatory potential of inhalable aerosols collected from various food production environments can be assessed by measuring cytokine concentrations using an in vitro assay. Although cytokine concentrations were generally low, weighing and mixing food ingredients, and environments like coffee, spice, and powdered consumer product production, and bakeries exhibited elevated concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, potentially indicating a higher risk for workers in these settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"868-882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are we underestimating exposures from NORM dust?","authors":"Gregory Stanley Hewson, Martin Ian Ralph, Marcus Cattani","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inhalation of dust containing naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) associated with mining and mineral processing operations may lead to potential long-term health impacts, including cancer and chronic lung disease, due to alpha particle-emitting radionuclides. This study evaluates the effectiveness of air sampling strategies used to estimate radiation doses from NORM exposure, with a focus on the Western Australian minerals industry. The objectives were to review current sampling and analysis protocols, identify factors contributing to over- or underestimation of dose, and propose adjustments to improve intake assessments. A review of research and guidelines applicable to NORM dust exposure was conducted, and the sampling efficiency of the government-recommended 7-hole and IOM sample heads was compared, considering measured dust particle size distributions. Key inhalation-related parameters, including use of similar exposure group (SEG) mean concentrations, worker breathing rates, median dust particle size, and intake-to-dose conversion factors, were analysed to assess their influence on intake calculations. The findings indicate that use of the 7-hole sampler, currently recommended by local guidelines, may underestimate airborne radioactivity concentrations by 2-fold or more, primarily due to reduced sampling efficiency for larger particles. Standard default assumptions for breathing rates and aerosol characteristics used to convert the measured concentrations to intake and dose may further contribute to underestimation. This study recommends updating air sampling methods and dose assessment protocols to better align with workplace-specific exposure conditions and improve worker health protection in NORM industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"820-831"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12463559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}