Andrew Floeder, Jingfang Huang, Kelly Bergsrud, Rachael Lilly, Antonella Borgatti, Susan Arnold, Silvia Balbo
{"title":"调查兽医机构和犬类患者的抗肿瘤药物表面污染。","authors":"Andrew Floeder, Jingfang Huang, Kelly Bergsrud, Rachael Lilly, Antonella Borgatti, Susan Arnold, Silvia Balbo","doi":"10.1093/annweh/wxaf058","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antineoplastic drugs can persist on surfaces in human and veterinary oncology clinics where they are administered, resulting in potentially hazardous exposures for healthcare workers and cancer patient caregivers. To assess potential surface contamination in occupational settings, a new liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously detect six commonly used antineoplastic drugs. A surface wipe and desorption method was optimized for cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, etoposide, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil with drug desorption recoveries ranging from 49% to 79%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/ml and 0.01 to 1.33 ng/ml, respectively. This method was used to quantify cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin surface contamination from wipe samples collected at a veterinary clinic following drug administration to canine-patients. Specific areas in the oncology treatment room identified as frequently contacted were sampled to determine the antineoplastic drug surface contamination that could lead to worker exposure through dermal contact, with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin levels ranging from 6.68 to 17.4 pg cm-2 and 13.5 to 40.3 pg cm-2. Additionally, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin wipe samples (n = 50) were obtained from two kennel surfaces and 10 canine-patients after chemotherapy. Samples were collected from the patients' coats before leaving the clinic and day after in the home environment to investigate the potential for dogs to be a source of household contamination. Cyclophosphamide was identified in samples collected at home in 4/5 canine-patients at levels ranging from 2.61 to 368 ng/sample, while doxorubicin was identified on kennel surfaces wiped post-treatment at levels ranging from 3.53 to 1655 pg cm-2. These findings support the ability of this method to detect contamination of these drugs in both occupational clinics and homes. The results set the stage for investigating contamination levels in various settings, such as human and veterinary clinics and home environments, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of decontamination products and protocols toward reducing workplace and environmental exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8362,"journal":{"name":"Annals Of Work Exposures and Health","volume":" ","pages":"843-854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Investigating antineoplastic drug surface contamination in veterinary settings and on canine patients.\",\"authors\":\"Andrew Floeder, Jingfang Huang, Kelly Bergsrud, Rachael Lilly, Antonella Borgatti, Susan Arnold, Silvia Balbo\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/annweh/wxaf058\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Antineoplastic drugs can persist on surfaces in human and veterinary oncology clinics where they are administered, resulting in potentially hazardous exposures for healthcare workers and cancer patient caregivers. To assess potential surface contamination in occupational settings, a new liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously detect six commonly used antineoplastic drugs. A surface wipe and desorption method was optimized for cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, etoposide, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil with drug desorption recoveries ranging from 49% to 79%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/ml and 0.01 to 1.33 ng/ml, respectively. This method was used to quantify cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin surface contamination from wipe samples collected at a veterinary clinic following drug administration to canine-patients. Specific areas in the oncology treatment room identified as frequently contacted were sampled to determine the antineoplastic drug surface contamination that could lead to worker exposure through dermal contact, with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin levels ranging from 6.68 to 17.4 pg cm-2 and 13.5 to 40.3 pg cm-2. Additionally, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin wipe samples (n = 50) were obtained from two kennel surfaces and 10 canine-patients after chemotherapy. Samples were collected from the patients' coats before leaving the clinic and day after in the home environment to investigate the potential for dogs to be a source of household contamination. Cyclophosphamide was identified in samples collected at home in 4/5 canine-patients at levels ranging from 2.61 to 368 ng/sample, while doxorubicin was identified on kennel surfaces wiped post-treatment at levels ranging from 3.53 to 1655 pg cm-2. These findings support the ability of this method to detect contamination of these drugs in both occupational clinics and homes. 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Investigating antineoplastic drug surface contamination in veterinary settings and on canine patients.
Antineoplastic drugs can persist on surfaces in human and veterinary oncology clinics where they are administered, resulting in potentially hazardous exposures for healthcare workers and cancer patient caregivers. To assess potential surface contamination in occupational settings, a new liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously detect six commonly used antineoplastic drugs. A surface wipe and desorption method was optimized for cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, etoposide, paclitaxel, and 5-fluorouracil with drug desorption recoveries ranging from 49% to 79%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged from 0.01 to 0.12 ng/ml and 0.01 to 1.33 ng/ml, respectively. This method was used to quantify cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin surface contamination from wipe samples collected at a veterinary clinic following drug administration to canine-patients. Specific areas in the oncology treatment room identified as frequently contacted were sampled to determine the antineoplastic drug surface contamination that could lead to worker exposure through dermal contact, with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin levels ranging from 6.68 to 17.4 pg cm-2 and 13.5 to 40.3 pg cm-2. Additionally, cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin wipe samples (n = 50) were obtained from two kennel surfaces and 10 canine-patients after chemotherapy. Samples were collected from the patients' coats before leaving the clinic and day after in the home environment to investigate the potential for dogs to be a source of household contamination. Cyclophosphamide was identified in samples collected at home in 4/5 canine-patients at levels ranging from 2.61 to 368 ng/sample, while doxorubicin was identified on kennel surfaces wiped post-treatment at levels ranging from 3.53 to 1655 pg cm-2. These findings support the ability of this method to detect contamination of these drugs in both occupational clinics and homes. The results set the stage for investigating contamination levels in various settings, such as human and veterinary clinics and home environments, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of decontamination products and protocols toward reducing workplace and environmental exposures.
期刊介绍:
About the Journal
Annals of Work Exposures and Health is dedicated to presenting advances in exposure science supporting the recognition, quantification, and control of exposures at work, and epidemiological studies on their effects on human health and well-being. A key question we apply to submission is, "Is this paper going to help readers better understand, quantify, and control conditions at work that adversely or positively affect health and well-being?"
We are interested in high quality scientific research addressing:
the quantification of work exposures, including chemical, biological, physical, biomechanical, and psychosocial, and the elements of work organization giving rise to such exposures;
the relationship between these exposures and the acute and chronic health consequences for those exposed and their families and communities;
populations at special risk of work-related exposures including women, under-represented minorities, immigrants, and other vulnerable groups such as temporary, contingent and informal sector workers;
the effectiveness of interventions addressing exposure and risk including production technologies, work process engineering, and personal protective systems;
policies and management approaches to reduce risk and improve health and well-being among workers, their families or communities;
methodologies and mechanisms that underlie the quantification and/or control of exposure and risk.
There is heavy pressure on space in the journal, and the above interests mean that we do not usually publish papers that simply report local conditions without generalizable results. We are also unlikely to publish reports on human health and well-being without information on the work exposure characteristics giving rise to the effects. We particularly welcome contributions from scientists based in, or addressing conditions in, developing economies that fall within the above scope.