Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases","authors":"Nicolás Alcaráz ,&nbsp;Pamela Salcedo-Tello ,&nbsp;Rodrigo González-Barrios ,&nbsp;Karla Torres-Arciga ,&nbsp;Kioko Guzmán-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103014"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Biomarkers Identify Significant Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury after Bioactive Implants","authors":"DIANA OSORIO-LONDOÑO ,&nbsp;AXAYÁCATL MORALES-GUADARRAMA ,&nbsp;ROBERTO OLAYO-GONZÁLEZ ,&nbsp;ERNESTO ROLDAN-VALADEZ","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141289402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoantigen Exposure in Murine Fetuses Elicited Nonpathogenic Autoimmunity","authors":"Jeng-Chang Chen ,&nbsp;Liang-Shiou Ou ,&nbsp;Ming-Ling Kuo ,&nbsp;Li-Yun Tseng ,&nbsp;Hsueh-Ling Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Autoimmunity refers to the presence of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes against the structural molecules of an individual's cells or tissues, known as self-antigens or autoantigens. It might exist in the absence of autoimmune disease. However, how autoimmunity develops remains a mystery, despite the discovery of autoantibodies in human cord blood.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Murine fetuses on day 14 of gestation were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of murine thyroid peroxidase (TPO) peptides or collagen type II (CII) at graded doses via transuterine approach. Postnatally, the recipients were examined for autoantibodies by ELISA and autoreactive lymphocytes by <em>in vitro</em> incorporation of tritium and for the development of autoimmune thyroiditis or arthritis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At one month of age, the recipients did not secrete significant levels of anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a in sera until a dose of 0.5 µg TPO or 5.0 µg CII was injected <em>in utero</em>. Serum anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a persisted for at least two to four months postnatally. In recipients with elevated autoantibodies, their lymphocytes also showed proliferative responses specifically to TPO or CII. However, the development of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes was not associated with inflammatory cell infiltration of thyroid glands or paw joints even though anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a was enhanced by postnatal TPO or CII challenge.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Fetal exposure to free autoantigens could be immunogenic, shedding new light on the <em>in utero</em> origin of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes. The development of autoimmunity requires a threshold intensity of autoantigen exposure in the fetus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103013"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypes of Mineral Bone Disorder in Chronic Kidney Disease in a Dialysis Population","authors":"Enrique Rojas-Campos ,&nbsp;Neri Ruvalcaba-Contreras ,&nbsp;Alejandro Campos-Mariz ,&nbsp;Arantxa Aguilar-Campos ,&nbsp;Jorge Andrade-Sierra ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Cerrillos-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Miguel Medina-Pérez ,&nbsp;Luis Evangelista-Carrillo ,&nbsp;Adriana Banda ,&nbsp;Alfonso M. Cueto-Manzano","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is associated with clinical outcomes. It is necessary to identify the phenotype to make clinical decisions that optimize resources and follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the frequency of the CKD-MBD phenotype in dialysis patients and the associated factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional study in 440 patients, evaluated for CKD-MBD. Phenotypes show frequency of high, low or on target levels of PTH, vitamin D and phosphorus. The most common phenotype was used for comparisons.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Age was 37.5 ± 15.8 years, 53% male, 28% were diabetic, 60% on peritoneal dialysis (PD), dialysis vintage was 12.0 months (IQR 3.0–34.3). High PTH was 58%, low vitamin D 82%, high phosphorus 39%, low calcium 50%, and vascular calcification 55%. The combination of high PTH and low vitamin D and high on-target phosphorus was 39%. Those with high PTH and low vitamin D were more likely to use PD (71 vs 51%; <em>p</em> &lt;0.0001), had higher lipids: total cholesterol (159 vs. 152; <em>p</em> = 0.002) and triglycerides (137 vs. 123; <em>p</em> = 0.02), higher potassium (4.7 ± 0.7 vs. 4.9 ± 0.9 mg/dL; <em>p</em> = 0.04), and higher serum creatinine (11.9 ± 4.4 vs. 10.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL; <em>p</em> = 0.01). Predictors of the most common phenotypes were PD use, total cholesterol, and serum creatinine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>More than one third (38%) of our sample of patients had high PTH and low vitamin D with either high or normal phosphorus. Patients with these phenotypes more frequently used PD, had higher lipids and low potassium. PD use, total cholesterol and serum creatinine were significantly associated with these phenotypes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103008"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV Self-Sampling in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study of Benefits, Barriers, and Opportunities for Improvement Perceived by Health Professionals and Managers","authors":"Svetlana V. Doubova ,&nbsp;Sean P. McClellan ,&nbsp;Ingrid Patricia Martinez-Vega ,&nbsp;Enrique Leobardo Ureña-Bogarín ,&nbsp;Olga Georgina Martínez-Montañez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To inform the implementation of Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling <strong>(</strong>HPV-SS) in the workplace, we assessed the perspectives of healthcare professionals and managers on the benefits, barriers, and opportunities for improvement of a pilot program.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A qualitative descriptive study based on in-depth telephone interviews was conducted between June and August 2023. Data were analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. Fifteen health professionals from different companies and fifteen managers from the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) were interviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants identified several benefits of the HPV-SS, including ease of use, privacy, convenience, affordability, reduced workplace absences, and promotion of a prevention culture. However, there were also individual and organizational barriers to program implementation. The former consisted of women's concerns about collecting a reliable sample or injuring themselves, lack of confidence in the HPV test, fear of positive results, and discomfort caused by the brush used to collect the sample. Organizational barriers included failure to follow up on positive test results, lack of knowledge of program indicators, perceived negative impact on the established Pap smear cervical cancer screening indicator, and the lack of government regulations supporting HPV testing. To improve the program, participants suggested disseminating information through mass media campaigns and social networks, providing companies with additional support from IMSS preventive staff, extending the work hours of IMSS Family Medicine clinics, and training IMSS health staff on the follow-up of women with HPV test results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study findings suggest potential areas for improvement in HPV-SS programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103009"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Notice to: ALDH2 Glu504Lys Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction in East Asians: A Meta-analysis","authors":"Jian-yong Gu ,&nbsp;Li-wen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (<span>https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy</span><svg><path></path></svg>).</p><p>This article has been retracted at the request of the Editorial Board of the Archives of Medical Research after receiving a complaint reporting that the article was based on an unreliable or non-existent statistical method. After analyzing the complaint and carefully reviewing the article, the Editorial Board contacted the corresponding author following due process and received no response. The Editorial Board no longer has confidence in the article and therefore decided to retract the article. Apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the review process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924000699/pdfft?md5=0dc1f05c20e4ff62c38cdb2dceb18a56&pid=1-s2.0-S0188440924000699-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141473360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serendipitous Adrenal Hyperplasia in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department for Suspected SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Linked to Increased Mortality","authors":"Giuseppe Reimondo ,&nbsp;Federica Solitro ,&nbsp;Soraya Puglisi ,&nbsp;Maurizio Balbi ,&nbsp;Giorgio Maria Tiranti ,&nbsp;Anna Maria Elena Perini ,&nbsp;Alessandra Cultrera ,&nbsp;Dalila Brero ,&nbsp;Cristina Botto ,&nbsp;Paola Perotti ,&nbsp;Valeria Caramello ,&nbsp;Adriana Boccuzzi ,&nbsp;Anna Pia ,&nbsp;Andrea Veltri ,&nbsp;Massimo Terzolo","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Few data are available on adrenal morphology in patients with acute diseases, although it is known that endogenous glucocorticoids are essential for survival under stress conditions and that an adequate response is driven by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of this study was to assess adrenal morphology in patients with acute disease compared with patients with non-acute disease.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study included: 402 patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection (March–May, 2020) [main cohort]; 200 patients admitted to the ED for acute conditions (December 2018–February 2019) [control group A]; 200 outpatients who underwent radiological evaluation of non-acute conditions (January–February 2019) [control group B]. Chest and/or abdominal CT scans were reviewed to identify adrenal nodules or hyperplasia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the main cohort, altered adrenal morphology was found in 24.9% of the patients (15.4% adrenal hyperplasia; 9.5% adrenal nodules). The frequency of adrenal hyperplasia was higher both in the main cohort (15.4%) and control group A (15.5%) compared to control group B (8.5%; <em>p</em> = 0.02 and <em>p</em> = 0.03, respectively). In the main cohort, 14.9% patients died within 30 d. According to a multivariate analysis, adrenal hyperplasia was an independent risk factor for mortality (<em>p</em> = 0.04), as were older age (<em>p</em> &lt;0.001) and active cancer (<em>p</em> = 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The notable frequency of adrenal hyperplasia in patients with acute diseases suggests an exaggerated activation of the HPA axis due to stressful conditions. The increased risk of short-term mortality found in patients with adrenal hyperplasia suggests that it may be a possible hallmark of worse prognosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103010"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924000638/pdfft?md5=45785ad0128aeb776b2da9f47017d164&pid=1-s2.0-S0188440924000638-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomere Length is Associated with the Prevalence, Persistence, and Incidence of Sarcopenia","authors":"Aaron Salinas-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Betty Manrique-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Ana Rivera-Almaraz ,&nbsp;José Manuel Sánchez-López ,&nbsp;Haydeé Rosas-Vargas","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Telomere length (TL) shortening has been identified as a marker of aging and associated with adverse health outcomes, but evidence of its association with sarcopenia is inconclusive.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>Estimate the cross-sectional and prospective associations between TL and sarcopenia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used data from Waves 3 and 4 (2017, 2021) of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health in Mexico (SAGE-Mexico). The cross-sectional sample consisted of 1,738 adults aged 50 and older, and the longitudinal sample consisted of 1,437. Relative TL was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on DNA extracted from saliva samples and quantified as the telomere/single-copy gene (T/S) ratio. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean salivary TL was 1.50 T/S units (95% CI: 1.49–1.52). The baseline prevalence of sarcopenia was 13.3% (95% CI: 9.8–16.8%). The incidence and persistence of sarcopenia were 6.8% (95% CI: 5.0–9.5%) and 7.0% (95% CI: 5.1–9.6%), respectively. The results showed that a one standard deviation decrease in TL was cross-sectionally associated with higher odds of sarcopenia (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.03–1.67) and prospectively with a higher incidence (RRR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.06–2.25) and persistence (RRR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.01–2.24) of sarcopenia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Older adults with shorter TL had higher rates of incident and persistent sarcopenia. Implementation of interventions to delay the decline of TL in older adults is warranted. Further translational studies are needed to elucidate the effects of exercise or diet on DNA repair in the telomeric region and their associations with sarcopenia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Nutritional Indicator in Community-Dwelling Older Adults","authors":"Miguel Germán Borda ,&nbsp;Pablo Lafuente Sanchis ,&nbsp;Jonathan Patricio Baldera ,&nbsp;Francisco José Tarazona-Santabalbina ,&nbsp;Diego Andrés Chavarro-Carvajal ,&nbsp;Salomón Salazar-Londoño ,&nbsp;Mariia Bocharova ,&nbsp;Dag Aarsland ,&nbsp;Antonio Martín-Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In an aging population, there is an increasing need for easily accessible nutritional markers.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To determine whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can serve as an effective nutritional indicator compared to the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) or other common markers such as albumin and body mass index (BMI).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were obtained from the SABE study in Ecuador, which included participants aged 60 years or older. This cross-sectional study collected comprehensive data, including demographics, health-related factors, and physical assessments. Neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were measured by complete blood count. Nutritional status was assessed by MNA-SF, and BMI was calculated. Several physical tests were performed to evaluate the participants’ functional status. Confounding variables such as age, sex, and comorbidities were considered.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The final sample consisted of 1790 subjects (48.9% male). The overall median age was 68 years (IQR 64,76). BMI and lymphocytes were higher in females, while NLR was higher in males. MNA-SF showed a negative association with NLR. Similarly, lymphocyte count shows a positive association with MNA-SF. Physical tests, such as the Romberg test and the Five Times Sit-to-Stand test, also showed correlations with NLR and lymphocyte count, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study results suggest a significant relationship between NLR and lymphocytes, and nutritional status. The correlation with albumin is stronger with NLR than with BMI. The simplicity and affordability of NLR may make it suitable for routine use in several medical fields, improving our understanding of the complex relationship between nutrition, inflammation, and overall health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103003"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0188440924000560/pdfft?md5=7e64117198dd17ba0710aea58bac7c39&pid=1-s2.0-S0188440924000560-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Gestational Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain as Predictors of Childhood Obesity: PROGRESS Cohort from Mexico City","authors":"Lucía Hernández-Barrera ,&nbsp;Belem Trejo-Valdivia ,&nbsp;Martha María Téllez-Rojo ,&nbsp;Andrea Baccarelli ,&nbsp;Robert Wright ,&nbsp;Alejandra Cantoral ,&nbsp;Simón Barquera","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To evaluate the associations of pre-gestational body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with the risks of overweight, obesity, and adiposity in the first seven years of life in the offspring of a cohort of pregnant women.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analysis of 751 mothers and their children participating in the PROGRESS cohort. These women were recruited in Mexico City between 2007 and 2010. Pre-gestational BMI was classified as normal, overweight, and obesity according to the WHO. GWG was calculated as the difference between the last reported pre-pregnancy weight and the pre-gestational weight and categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive, according to US IOM recommendations. Children's anthropometry was evaluated at 4–5 and 6–7 years of age. Adiposity was classified into three groups: normal (BMI <em>z</em>-score and waist circumference), overweight (BMI <em>z</em>-score&gt;1), and overweight plus abdominal obesity (OW+AO). A generalized structural equation model (GSEM) was constructed to account for the temporal relationship between variables and to assess direct and indirect effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 49.3% of the women had excessive (13.8 ± 4.2 kg) and 19.8% inadequate (3.15 ± 3.4 kg) GWG. Women with pre-gestational overweight or obesity were more likely to have excessive GWG (OR 1.9 [95% CI: 1.32, 2.74] and 3.50 [95% CI: 1.83, 6.69], respectively). In the GSEM, excessive GWG was directly associated with OW+AO at 4–5 years. At 6–7 years, pre-gestational obesity was associated with OW+AO.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Pre-gestational obesity and excessive GWG were independent predictors of childhood obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103006"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}