Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"In Vitro Human Endometrial Cells and In Vivo Rat Model Studies Suggest That Ulipristal Acetate Impacts Endometrial Compatibility for Embryo Implantation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Ulipristal acetate (UPA) and levonorgestrel are used as emergency hormonal contraceptives. Although both are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, UPA shows efficacy even when taken up to 120 h after unprotected sexual intercourse.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To investigate whether the mechanism of UPA's contraceptive action involves post-fertilization effects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> studies using cultured human endometrial cells and a pre-clinical rat model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Endometrial cells treated with UPA showed changes in the expression of receptivity gene markers and a significant decrease in trophoblast spheroids attached to the cultured cells. In addition, administration of UPA to female unmated rats decreased the expression of implantation-related genes in the endometrium and inhibited the number of implantation sites in the mated group compared to the non-treated group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results support that UPA as an emergency contraceptive might have post-fertilization effects that may affect embryo implantation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 8","pages":"Article 103026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Effect of Fibrate Treatment on Circulating Adipokine Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials”","authors":"LANG LI ,&nbsp;XUE ZHAO ,&nbsp;XUEYANG TANG","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103027"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance Exercise Reduces Sarcopenia by Repairing Leaky Gut in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease","authors":"Rizwan Qaisar ,&nbsp;M. Shahid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Asima Karim ,&nbsp;Firdos Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Sarcopenia or age-associated muscle loss is common in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have previously demonstrated the contribution of a leaky gut to sarcopenia in AD. Here, we asked whether resistant exercise (RE) reduces the sarcopenia phenotype by repairing intestinal leakage in patients with AD.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A prospective, single-center study of older adults, including healthy controls and patients with AD (<em>n</em> = 44–51/group), was conducted to measure plasma zonulin and claudin-3 (markers of intestinal leakage), handgrip strength (HGS), and short physical performance battery (SPPB) as a measure of functional capacity. Measurements in patients with AD were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks of RE.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At baseline, patients with AD had higher plasma zonulin and claudin-3 and lower HGS, gait speed, and SPPB scores than controls. RE reduced plasma zonulin and claudin-3 levels and improved HGS, SPPB scores, and gait speed. Regression analysis revealed robust relationships between changes in plasma zonulin and claudin-3 with HGS. Plasma zonulin was also positively associated with SPPB scores. In addition, RE downregulated plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the prevalence of sarcopenia based on low HGS and muscle atrophy or low SPPB was not affected by RE.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Taken together, disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier may contribute to functional decline and sarcopenia in AD, which is incompletely recovered by RE. Circulating levels of zonulin and claudin-3 may be valuable in predicting sarcopenia and functional capacity in older adults with AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103025"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening Essential Health Services Recovery Policy after the COVID-19 Pandemic. Evidence from the Mexican Institute of Social Security","authors":"Svetlana V. Doubova ,&nbsp;Saúl Eduardo Contreras-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Ivan de Jesús Ascencio-Montiel ,&nbsp;Margot González-León ,&nbsp;Ernesto Krug-Llamas ,&nbsp;Gabriela Borrayo-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Laura C. Bonifaz ,&nbsp;Ricardo Aviles-Hernández ,&nbsp;Célida Duque-Molina ,&nbsp;Zoe Robledo-Aburto","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To evaluate the progress of the Mexican Institute of Social Security Recovery Policy (IMSS-RP) in addressing the decline in essential health services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed eleven indicators of essential health services from 35 IMSS state delegations. The assessment included ambulatory and hospital care indicators such as breast and cervical cancer screening, family medicine, dental and specialty visits, diabetes and hypertension visits and health outcomes, deliveries, and elective surgeries. We analyzed the period before (January 2018–March 2021) and during (April 2021–June 2023) the implementation of the IMSS-RP. Statistical analysis to determine the association of the policy with service indicators and the change in their trends included an interrupted time series analysis and Poisson Generalized Estimating Equation models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The volume of services showed substantial declines during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, reaching between 11 and 81% of pre-pandemic levels. All services increased significantly during the first 27 months of the IMSS-RP implementation; specialty visits, cervical and breast cancer screening, and diabetes control exceeded pre-pandemic levels (103%,112%,103%, and 138%, respectively). However, only deliveries and the percentage of patients with controlled diabetes and hypertension showed a stable increase following the IMSS-RP implementation, whereas the remaining services showed an initial increase but began to decrease over time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>After 27 months of implementation, IMSS-RP achieved progress in increasing the volume of essential health services and improving chronic disease control. However, declining trends in several services signal the need to focalize the policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103011"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141324303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Impairment Induced by Gestational Diabetes: Implications of Oxidative Stress as an Inducing Mechanism","authors":"Isabel Martin del Campo-Rota ,&nbsp;Oscar Mario Delgado-Casillas ,&nbsp;Antonio Ibarra","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Cognitive impairment is defined as a neurological condition that alters multiple cerebral functions such as reasoning, memory, concentration, and association, among others. It has found to be widely correlated with several factors such as oxidative stress. The latter could be induced by numerous pathological conditions characterized by increased levels of free radicals and decreased levels of antioxidants. Pregnancy is a period when women undergo a physiological state of oxidative stress due to hormonal changes and increased oxygen requirements to maintain pregnancy. However, when oxidative stress exceeds antioxidant capacity, this leads to cellular damage that promotes a diabetogenic state. Recent studies suggest a possible association between gestational diabetes and cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>We aim to explore the pathophysiological relationship between cognitive impairment and oxidative stress, focusing on the possible involvement of oxidative stress as the inducing mechanism.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a comprehensive literature review through PubMed and Google Scholar. Our keywords were “neuroinflammation”, “cognitive impairment”, “gestational diabetes”, “oxidative stress”, “antioxidants”, and “free radicals”.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From the initial 400 records identified, a total of 78 studies were analyzed and included in our study.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Oxidative stress plays a fundamental role in the development of cognitive impairment. Understanding this correlation is essential to the development of targeted medical interventions and, ultimately, promote research and prevention that will benefit the mother-child binomial in the short and long term.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103016"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141313830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases","authors":"Nicolás Alcaráz ,&nbsp;Pamela Salcedo-Tello ,&nbsp;Rodrigo González-Barrios ,&nbsp;Karla Torres-Arciga ,&nbsp;Kioko Guzmán-Ramos","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103014"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Biomarkers Identify Significant Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury after Bioactive Implants","authors":"DIANA OSORIO-LONDOÑO ,&nbsp;AXAYÁCATL MORALES-GUADARRAMA ,&nbsp;ROBERTO OLAYO-GONZÁLEZ ,&nbsp;ERNESTO ROLDAN-VALADEZ","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103012"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141289402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autoantigen Exposure in Murine Fetuses Elicited Nonpathogenic Autoimmunity","authors":"Jeng-Chang Chen ,&nbsp;Liang-Shiou Ou ,&nbsp;Ming-Ling Kuo ,&nbsp;Li-Yun Tseng ,&nbsp;Hsueh-Ling Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><p>Autoimmunity refers to the presence of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes against the structural molecules of an individual's cells or tissues, known as self-antigens or autoantigens. It might exist in the absence of autoimmune disease. However, how autoimmunity develops remains a mystery, despite the discovery of autoantibodies in human cord blood.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Murine fetuses on day 14 of gestation were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of murine thyroid peroxidase (TPO) peptides or collagen type II (CII) at graded doses via transuterine approach. Postnatally, the recipients were examined for autoantibodies by ELISA and autoreactive lymphocytes by <em>in vitro</em> incorporation of tritium and for the development of autoimmune thyroiditis or arthritis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At one month of age, the recipients did not secrete significant levels of anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a in sera until a dose of 0.5 µg TPO or 5.0 µg CII was injected <em>in utero</em>. Serum anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a persisted for at least two to four months postnatally. In recipients with elevated autoantibodies, their lymphocytes also showed proliferative responses specifically to TPO or CII. However, the development of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes was not associated with inflammatory cell infiltration of thyroid glands or paw joints even though anti-TPO or CII IgG_2a was enhanced by postnatal TPO or CII challenge.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Fetal exposure to free autoantigens could be immunogenic, shedding new light on the <em>in utero</em> origin of autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes. The development of autoimmunity requires a threshold intensity of autoantigen exposure in the fetus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 5","pages":"Article 103013"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypes of Mineral Bone Disorder in Chronic Kidney Disease in a Dialysis Population","authors":"Enrique Rojas-Campos ,&nbsp;Neri Ruvalcaba-Contreras ,&nbsp;Alejandro Campos-Mariz ,&nbsp;Arantxa Aguilar-Campos ,&nbsp;Jorge Andrade-Sierra ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Cerrillos-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Miguel Medina-Pérez ,&nbsp;Luis Evangelista-Carrillo ,&nbsp;Adriana Banda ,&nbsp;Alfonso M. Cueto-Manzano","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) is associated with clinical outcomes. It is necessary to identify the phenotype to make clinical decisions that optimize resources and follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the frequency of the CKD-MBD phenotype in dialysis patients and the associated factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional study in 440 patients, evaluated for CKD-MBD. Phenotypes show frequency of high, low or on target levels of PTH, vitamin D and phosphorus. The most common phenotype was used for comparisons.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Age was 37.5 ± 15.8 years, 53% male, 28% were diabetic, 60% on peritoneal dialysis (PD), dialysis vintage was 12.0 months (IQR 3.0–34.3). High PTH was 58%, low vitamin D 82%, high phosphorus 39%, low calcium 50%, and vascular calcification 55%. The combination of high PTH and low vitamin D and high on-target phosphorus was 39%. Those with high PTH and low vitamin D were more likely to use PD (71 vs 51%; <em>p</em> &lt;0.0001), had higher lipids: total cholesterol (159 vs. 152; <em>p</em> = 0.002) and triglycerides (137 vs. 123; <em>p</em> = 0.02), higher potassium (4.7 ± 0.7 vs. 4.9 ± 0.9 mg/dL; <em>p</em> = 0.04), and higher serum creatinine (11.9 ± 4.4 vs. 10.6 ± 3.7 mg/dL; <em>p</em> = 0.01). Predictors of the most common phenotypes were PD use, total cholesterol, and serum creatinine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>More than one third (38%) of our sample of patients had high PTH and low vitamin D with either high or normal phosphorus. Patients with these phenotypes more frequently used PD, had higher lipids and low potassium. PD use, total cholesterol and serum creatinine were significantly associated with these phenotypes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103008"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HPV Self-Sampling in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study of Benefits, Barriers, and Opportunities for Improvement Perceived by Health Professionals and Managers","authors":"Svetlana V. Doubova ,&nbsp;Sean P. McClellan ,&nbsp;Ingrid Patricia Martinez-Vega ,&nbsp;Enrique Leobardo Ureña-Bogarín ,&nbsp;Olga Georgina Martínez-Montañez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To inform the implementation of Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling <strong>(</strong>HPV-SS) in the workplace, we assessed the perspectives of healthcare professionals and managers on the benefits, barriers, and opportunities for improvement of a pilot program.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A qualitative descriptive study based on in-depth telephone interviews was conducted between June and August 2023. Data were analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. Fifteen health professionals from different companies and fifteen managers from the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) were interviewed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Participants identified several benefits of the HPV-SS, including ease of use, privacy, convenience, affordability, reduced workplace absences, and promotion of a prevention culture. However, there were also individual and organizational barriers to program implementation. The former consisted of women's concerns about collecting a reliable sample or injuring themselves, lack of confidence in the HPV test, fear of positive results, and discomfort caused by the brush used to collect the sample. Organizational barriers included failure to follow up on positive test results, lack of knowledge of program indicators, perceived negative impact on the established Pap smear cervical cancer screening indicator, and the lack of government regulations supporting HPV testing. To improve the program, participants suggested disseminating information through mass media campaigns and social networks, providing companies with additional support from IMSS preventive staff, extending the work hours of IMSS Family Medicine clinics, and training IMSS health staff on the follow-up of women with HPV test results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study findings suggest potential areas for improvement in HPV-SS programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"55 4","pages":"Article 103009"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}