Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Clozapine Augmentation with Antipsychotics among Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in the Ontario Forensic Psychiatry System","authors":"Mark Mohan Kaggwa ,&nbsp;Joan Abaatyo ,&nbsp;Tolulope Oladimeji ,&nbsp;Precious Agboinghale ,&nbsp;John MW Bradford ,&nbsp;Gary Andrew Chaimowitz ,&nbsp;Andrew Toyin Olagunju","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Clozapine augmentation with antipsychotics (CAA) is commonly used to treat complex cases in forensic psychiatric settings. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and determinants of CAA among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders within the Ontario forensic system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 262 patients in forensic psychiatric settings who were prescribed clozapine during the 2014/15 reporting year. The mean age of the patients was 41 years (SD = 11.8), and 227 of them (86.6%) were male. For comparative analysis, the patients were categorized into two groups: clozapine monotherapy and CAA. Logistic regression analysis was then applied to evaluate factors associated with CAA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nearly half (48.5%) of forensic psychiatric patients on clozapine received antipsychotic augmentation. CAA was more prevalent among patients with violent offenses (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–18.27, <em>p</em> = 0.047), and absconsion incidents (aOR 2.55 95% CI: 1.16–5.58, <em>p</em> = 0.019). Patients with a good treatment response (aOR of 0.25, 95% CI: 0.11–0.54, <em>p</em> &lt;0.001) and a history of self-harm were less likely to be prescribed CAA (aOR of 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12–0.85, <em>p</em> = 0.022).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with severe symptoms and significant risk profiles were more likely to receive CAA. Capacity development and further research are needed to support an effective and safe clozapine therapy strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint: Beyond Glycated Hemoglobin—The Frontier of Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes Care","authors":"Yashendra Sethi ,&nbsp;Inderbir Padda ,&nbsp;Siddharth Gosavi ,&nbsp;Saurabh Singhal ,&nbsp;Arsalan Moinuddin","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiotic (L. acidophilus and Agave Inulin) Prevents Cognitive Impairment in High-Fat Diet/STZ Rats","authors":"Alejandra Romo-Araiza ,&nbsp;Luis A. Márquez ,&nbsp;Gabriela Rocha-Botello ,&nbsp;Emilio J. Galván ,&nbsp;Teresa Ponce-Lopez ,&nbsp;Ana María Fernández-Presas ,&nbsp;Ricardo Jasso-Chávez ,&nbsp;Macarena Fuentes-Fernández Cueto ,&nbsp;Diego Bustamante-Laguna ,&nbsp;Andrés Alfaro-González ,&nbsp;Aranza Pérez-Arreola ,&nbsp;Carlos Aguirre-Rivera ,&nbsp;Iván Ignacio Mejía ,&nbsp;Andrea P. Ibarra-Garcia ,&nbsp;Elisa García-Vences ,&nbsp;Roxana Rodriguez-Barrera ,&nbsp;Yolanda Cruz-Martinez ,&nbsp;Exsal Manuel Albores-Méndez ,&nbsp;Marco Antonio Vargas ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Rodriguez-Serrano ,&nbsp;Antonio Ibarra","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes has been linked to oxidative stress, inflammation, and an imbalance in the gut microbiota, all of which contribute to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. Gut microbiota influence inflammation and produce various substances, including butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that promotes brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which is essential for memory. This study investigated whether prebiotics, probiotics, or a combination of both (symbiotics) could improve memory in diabetic rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control; diabetic and obese (induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin); diabetic and obese with prebiotics (inulin); diabetic and obese with probiotics (<em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em>); and diabetic and obese with symbiotics (inulin + <em>L. acidophilus</em>). Treatments lasted 42 d. Memory performance was evaluated using the Morris water maze (spatial memory) and the Eight-arm radial maze (working memory). After testing, hippocampal tissue was analyzed for inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-10), BDNF, and butyric acid.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diabetes impaired memory and increased neuroinflammatory markers. All supplemented groups showed improved memory. The symbiotic group exhibited the most pronounced benefits, with higher levels of BDNF, IL-10, and butyric acid, and reduced TNF-α. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that diabetes reduced the firing frequency of CA1 pyramidal cells and decreased the synaptic strength in the hippocampus. Symbiotic supplementation preserved these neuronal and synaptic functions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Symbiotic treatment effectively countered diabetes-induced cognitive deficits by reducing neuroinflammation, increasing neurotrophic support, and maintaining synaptic plasticity. These results imply that altering the gut microbiota through symbiotic supplementation may be an effective approach to prevent or mitigate diabetes-associated cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145914145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Mutational Hierarchy of Thyroid Cancer and Associated Signaling Pathways","authors":"Disha Nashier ,&nbsp;Gowrang Kasaba Manjunath ,&nbsp;Alisha Parveen ,&nbsp;Sumira Malik ,&nbsp;Tamoghna Mitra ,&nbsp;Chandan Goswami ,&nbsp;Muniasamy Neerathilingam ,&nbsp;Ankit Watts ,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, and its development is influenced by various genomic abnormalities. Activating mutations in oncogenes such as BRAF and RAS significantly contribute to tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the overall mutational landscape of TC remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic analysis of genomic data from 1,629 TC samples across four independent studies (including TCGA and MSKCC) available on the cBioPortal platform. We calculated mutation frequencies for all genes and categorized those exceeding a 3% threshold as high-frequency driver genes (Tier I) and genes with moderate mutation rates (Tier II).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,363 genes exhibited mutation frequencies above 3% within the TC cohort. Tier I genes included <em>BRAF</em> (56.9%), <em>NRAS</em> (9.3%), <em>TERT</em> promoter (4.6%), <em>HRAS</em> (3.5%), and <em>TTN</em> (3.2%), with <em>BRAF</em>^V600E. Tier II featured 19 genes, such as <em>TG</em> (2.9%), linked to follicular carcinogenesis, and <em>TP53</em> (2.7%), associated with poorly differentiated subtypes. Pathway analysis revealed enrichment in MAPK/ERK signaling, PI3K-AKT activation, and telomerase maintenance. PPI networks identified lesser-studied interactors involved in DNA repair and cell cycle regulation, suggesting new therapeutic targets. Among the 1,620 patients with TC, females predominated and the peak incidence occurred in middle adulthood. This study illustrates a strong mutual exclusivity between BRAF and RET alterations, with minimal co-occurrence, indicating functional redundancy through shared MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present study clarifies the mutation hierarchy and cooperative pathways in TC, underscoring the significance of BRAF- and RAS-driven oncogenesis. The discovery of under-explored genes within DNA damage response and cell cycle networks paves the way for targeted therapy development. Furthermore, the high frequency of TERT promoter mutations emphasizes their role in disease progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145914092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term Treatment with Metformin During Puberty Mitigates Metabolic Dysfunctions Programmed by Neonatal Overfeeding in Male Rats","authors":"Scarlett Rodrigues Raposo ,&nbsp;Rafael Pereira Lopes ,&nbsp;Leticia Ferreira Barbosa ,&nbsp;Anna Rebeka Oliveira Ferreira ,&nbsp;Maiara Vanusa Guedes Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Ananda Malta ,&nbsp;Douglas Almeida ,&nbsp;Leandro Martins de Freitas ,&nbsp;Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra ,&nbsp;Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To address the major public health problems of increased body weight and obesity, causing conditions such as hypertension and diabetes. Early obesity in childhood and adolescence has more severe long-term health consequences. The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) concept examines how early overfeeding and other factors affect health throughout life. This study hypothesized that a short-term metformin treatment during puberty could reduce metabolic dysfunction caused by neonatal overfeeding. We investigated whether the same intervention would have a similar effect on metabolic programming in adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats raised in small (SL, three pups per mother) and normal (NL, 9 pups per mother) litters were used as models of early overfeeding. Some of the SL and NL animals received intraperitoneal injections of metformin (NL-M and SL-M), whereas the controls received saline (NL-C and SL-C) from days 35–42 (puberty) or 70–81 (adulthood).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two months after the intervention, at both puberty and adulthood, the SL animals exhibited metabolic dysfunction, and were significantly heavier with greater tissue fat accumulation than the NL animals (<em>p</em> &lt;0.0001). SL-M animals treated during puberty exhibited significant reductions in white adipose tissue and liver weight, as well as lower weight gain (<em>p</em> &lt;0.05). In contrast, metformin treatment in adulthood did not alter metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings suggest that short-term metformin treatment in rats during puberty can mitigate adult metabolic dysfunction induced by neonatal overnutrition. However, this intervention in adulthood did not result in long-term metabolic changes, which confirms the DOHaD concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Combination of Whey Protein and Vitamin D Reduces Sarcopenia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Rizwan Qaisar ,&nbsp;Imran Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Firdos Ahmad ,&nbsp;Asima Karim","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience an accelerated decline in muscle strength, mass, and functional capacity, known as sarcopenia. The effects and relevant mechanisms of supplementing whey protein and vitamin D (whey-D) on sarcopenia are unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a randomized, controlled, double-blind, single-center trial in patients with COPD, categorized as placebo (<em>n</em> = 83) and whey-D (<em>n</em> = 80), along with age-matched controls (<em>n</em> = 75) for 16 weeks. Handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), the short physical performance battery (SPPB), and plasma levels of c-terminal agrin-fragment-22 (CAF22, a marker of neuromuscular junction [NMJ] integrity), and neurofilament light chain (NfL, a marker of neurodegeneration) were measured before and after whey-D supplementation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline, patients with COPD had lower HGS, GS, and SPPB scores, and higher plasma CAF22 and NfL levels than controls (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Whey-D supplements improved HGS, GS, and total SPPB scores in patients with COPD (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), unlike the placebo group. Whey-D also reduced plasma CAF22 levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), suggesting NMJ repair, but did not alter plasma NfL. We also observed dynamic correlations of plasma CAF22 with HGS, GS, and total SPPB scores in the whey-D group. Lastly, whey-D also reduced plasma C-reactive protein and increased 25-OH vitamin D levels (both <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sixteen weeks of whey-D supplement improved muscle strength and functional capacity in patients with COPD, partly through NMJ repair. Our data show that targeted nutritional supplements may be relevant to treating sarcopenia and functional disability in patients with COPD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145486487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multispecies Signatures and Driving Factors of Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Ghaidaa Mesto ,&nbsp;Eman Al Atrash ,&nbsp;David Rawat ,&nbsp;Hala Elzayat ,&nbsp;Mohamad Miqdady ,&nbsp;Farah Al-Marzooq","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite the recognized impact of the gut microbiome, research on the oral microbiome is limited, particularly in pediatric patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). This study aims to explore salivary microbiome signatures in pediatric patients with CD from the United Arab Emirates (UAE), compared to healthy controls (HC), by analyzing early-life, lifestyle, and disease-specific factors driving dysbiosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Salivary samples from 52 pediatric patients with CD and HC (<em>n</em> = 26/group) were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing using Oxford Nanopore technology. Bioinformatics and biostatistical analyses were employed to compare groups and identify microbiota signatures correlated with clinical data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Enrichment of several species, including <em>Veillonella parvula, Veillonella dispar</em>, and <em>Prevotella denticola</em>, with depletion of beneficial bacteria was observed in CD. Machine learning-based composite biomarker analysis identified 36 species distinguishing CD from HC, most of which are opportunistic pathogens, raising concerns about their potential impact on vulnerable pediatric patients with CD. Multifactorial analysis revealed significant oral microbiome dysbiosis in patients with CD across all 15 analyzed factors, with unique CD-specific biomarkers. The strongest associations with microbial alterations were demonstrated by disease duration, diet, exercise habits, early antibiotic exposure, and delivery method. Among the 19 species analyzed, <em>Capnocytophaga gingivalis</em> demonstrated multifactorial associations, emerging as an integrative biomarker of disease burden. The α-diversity was significantly lower in patients with CD, with distinctive β-diversity patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is the first comprehensive multifactorial analysis of the oral microbiome in pediatric patients with CD from the Middle East, employing novel machine learning approaches for composite biomarker discovery. Core dysbiotic species in CD may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers requiring validation in larger-scale studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103389"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing an In Vivo Protocol to Evaluate Skin Penetration of Topical Drugs: Proof-of-Concept with Naproxen in Humans","authors":"Mariannela C. Ruiz-Ruiz ,&nbsp;María de Lourdes González-Flores ,&nbsp;Ruth Vázquez-Román ,&nbsp;Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade ,&nbsp;Hector A. Cabrera-Fuentes ,&nbsp;Gilberto Castañeda-Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current clinical guidelines recommend the use of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as naproxen, to treat hand and knee osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders. However, detailed insights into naproxen’s cutaneous pharmacokinetics remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aims to provide quantitative <em>in vivo</em> evidence that naproxen skin penetration follows Fick’s law of diffusion. In addition, it seeks to explore whether the penetration profile is compatible with localized presystemic retention, which could improve therapeutic efficacy and limit systemic exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five healthy volunteers participated in this proof-of-concept study. A commercially available 5.5% naproxen sodium gel was applied to the volar surface of the forearm, and naproxen penetration kinetics were determined. The naproxen penetration versus time profiles were fitted to a mathematical model assuming Fick’s law of diffusion, and the model’s predictive performance was evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Naproxen skin penetration increased during the first 4 h reaching a plateau that indicated equilibrium was achieved and a presystemic drug reservoir was formed, limiting systemic exposure. The experimental data were adequately fitted by a mathematical model based on Fick’s law of diffusion. Maximal naproxen release (<em>M_∞</em>), expressed as a percentage of the actually applied dose, was 23.85 ± 1.81%. The penetration rate constant (<em>k</em>) was 0.73 ± 0.18 h^–1, and the penetration half-life (<em>t_1/2</em>) was 0.99 ± 0.21 h.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that topical naproxen follows predictable Fickian kinetics and shows a potential tissue-level reservoir after penetration. This supports its use as a safe and effective topical agent for localized inflammatory conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Chemoresistance in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: The Regulatory Role of miRNAs","authors":"Andrea Martinez-Marroquin ,&nbsp;Javier Gaytán-Cervantes ,&nbsp;Haydeé Rosas-Vargas ,&nbsp;Constantino López-Macías ,&nbsp;Itzel Peralta-Salguero ,&nbsp;Miguel Cid-Soto ,&nbsp;Violeta Castro Leyva ,&nbsp;Marlon De Ita ,&nbsp;Carolina González-Torres","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), is a rare and aggressive cancer that originates in the mesothelium lining the lungs. It is considered an occupational disease associated with exposure to asbestos in the workplace. MPM is often diagnosed in the late stages and has a poor response to treatment. Since the cause of the limited response to therapy in patients with MPM is unknown, it is necessary to establish the mechanisms related to chemoresistance, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which play a specific role. Several studies have demonstrated that the downregulation of miR-15 and miR-16 in MPM cell lines is associated with chemoresistance, and that their overexpression contributes to sensitizing cells to chemotherapy. In addition, some miRNAs have been shown to be associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MPM cells. EMT has been linked to the acquisition of a chemoresistant phenotype; moreover, the release of miRNAs into circulating exosomes from patients with MPM could also impact the resistance to conventional treatments. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in MPM and their relationship with chemoresistance, as well as to establish new knowledge to support the development of improved treatment for patients with MPM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Agility and Resilience During COVID-19 and Post-Pandemic Innovation in Brazilian Public University Hospitals”","authors":"Amnuay Kleebayoon ,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2026.103378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 4","pages":"Article 103378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}