Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Multimorbidity Burden in Frailty Transitions in Costa Rican Older Adults Using Multistate Markov Models","authors":"Rafael Ogaz-González ,&nbsp;Postmus D ,&nbsp;Ricardo Escamilla-Santiago ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo ,&nbsp;Malaquías López-Cervantes ,&nbsp;Eva Corpeleijn","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The accumulation of non-communicable chronic diseases is recognized to play a crucial role in the deterioration of health in older adults, partly because it may impact frailty states. This study assessed the influence of multimorbidity on the phenotype transitions in frailty over time and frailty-related mortality risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Costa Rican Longevity and Healthy Aging Study Cohort (2005–2010) was used. A total of 2660 individuals aged 60 and above were included. Multimorbidity was defined as having three or more non-communicable diseases from 13 chronic conditions. Fried criteria were employed to assess frailty states (robust, pre-frail, frail). Markov-based multistate models were used to examine the impact of multimorbidity on frailty transitions and mortality over 5 years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multimorbidity accelerates the transition to frailty. Compared to those with fewer than three non-communicable diseases, individuals with both multimorbidity and a prefrail state had a lower chance of recovering to robustness (HR:0.73 [95% CI: 0.54–0.99]), and a higher risk of becoming frail (HR:1.83 [95% CI: 1.43–2.34]). This translates into a 30-month earlier onset of frailty compared to individuals without chronic diseases. Multimorbidity increased the risk of all-cause mortality in those who were pre-frail (HR:1.83 [95% CI: 1.43–2.34]) but did not affect mortality risk in those who were already frail (HR:0.88 [95% CI: 0.62–1.23]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multimorbidity is a predictor for dynamic transitions to frailty or death. It favors the transition to “Frailty” more than to death and impacts mortality mostly in people with a “Pre-frail” state, encouraging them to explore opportunities for intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Nucleotide Variants of the SLC2A9 Gene are Associated With Hyperuricemia in Mexican Patients With Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Gloria Elizabeth Vázquez-Rivera ,&nbsp;Erika F. Gómez-García ,&nbsp;Renato Parra-Michel ,&nbsp;Rosalba Orozco-Sandoval ,&nbsp;Lourdes del Carmen Rizo-de la Torre ,&nbsp;Caridad A. Leal-Cortés ,&nbsp;Claudia Nayeli Contreras-Aceves ,&nbsp;Mariana Pérez-Coria ,&nbsp;Alfonso Farías-Basulto ,&nbsp;Francisco Mendoza-Carrera","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to diabetes is the third leading cause of death in Mexico. A relationship between high serum uric acid (SUA) levels and kidney disease have been demonstrated. On the other hand, variants of the <em>SLC2A9</em> gene have been associated with elevated SUA concentrations. This study evaluated the associations of the rs11722228, rs3775948, rs7678287, and rs1014290 variants with hyperuricemia and biochemical parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 1036 Mexican subjects with T2D. Patients were grouped based on the presence (<em>n</em> = 462) or absence (<em>n</em> = 574) of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). SUA concentrations and biochemical parameters were determined. Samples were genotyped through real-time polymerase chain reaction. Associations between genetic variants and hyperuricemia were analyzed by univariate and multivariate models adjusting for covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SUA levels and hyperuricemia prevalence were higher in the DKD group. rs3775948 and rs1014290 showed negative associations with hyperuricemia in the whole sample and in patients without DKD. rs7678287 was positively correlated with SUA and hyperuricemia in patients without DKD, whereas rs11722228 was a risk factor only in the DKD group. The presence of DKD and elevated triglycerides and total cholesterol were significant factors associated with hyperuricemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Variants rs3775948 and rs1014290 exhibit protective effects, while rs7678287 and rs11722228 may confer increased risk of hyperuricemia in Mexican patients with T2D. Analysis of <em>SLC2A9</em> gene variants could help in detecting patients at increased risk of kidney or cardiovascular complications due to hyperuricemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Voltage-Activated H+ Channel is Highly Expressed in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and is Associated With the Blast Differentiated Stage","authors":"Diego Issouribehere ,&nbsp;Nicolás Enrique ,&nbsp;Paulina Finochietto ,&nbsp;Juan Ignacio Felice ,&nbsp;Carolina Belli ,&nbsp;Clara Ventura ,&nbsp;Verónica Milesi","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), hematopoietic precursors of myeloid cells proliferate rapidly but are arrested at an early stage, impeding their maturation and normal function. The human voltage-activated proton channel (hHv1) is a membrane protein with important roles in myeloid phagocytic cells. This work aimed to evaluate the expression of hHv1 channel as a novel biological marker associated with the process of cell differentiation in AML.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we evaluated the expression of the hHv1, at both mRNA and protein levels in AML.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We demonstrated that the expression of hHv1 is upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in AML. Moreover, our results indicate that hHv1 expression correlates with the degree of monocytic differentiation in AML cells in a pattern similar to that previously reported for NADPH oxidase (NOX2), a relevant cellular structure functionally coupled to the hHv1 channel. However, while increases in NOX2 components have not been associated with improved prognosis or survival, we found that the hHv1 upregulation was associated with better prognosis and survival outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results suggest that hHv1 may serve as a novel biomarker for favorable prognosis in AML and may represent a promising therapeutic target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Priorities in Guideline Development: Consideration of Health Equity in WHO’s Normative Products on Obesity","authors":"Omar Dewidar ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Peña-Rosas ,&nbsp;Jordi Pardo Pardo ,&nbsp;Vivian Welch ,&nbsp;Kevin Pottie ,&nbsp;Peter Tugwell","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 7","pages":"Article 103236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Comorbidities and Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Outcome in Pregnant Women Hospitalized in Brazil","authors":"Francilene Maria Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Metabolite Methylmalonic Acid, Subclinical Myocardial Injury, and its Incremental Predictive Value for Cardiovascular Mortality Risk","authors":"Fan Tang ,&nbsp;Miao Yan ,&nbsp;Zeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhanchao Chen ,&nbsp;Yige Liu ,&nbsp;Mingyan E ,&nbsp;Shaohong Fang ,&nbsp;Yiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Shanjie Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is involved in myocardial mitochondrial damage and energy metabolism disorders. We sought to investigate the association of MMA with subclinical myocardial injury and its incremental value in predicting cardiovascular mortality risk based on conventional risk factors and cardiac biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 11,373 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The cross-sectional associations of MMA with subclinical elevation of cardiac biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin [hs-cTn] and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), and their prospective associations with long-term mortality, were assessed. The predictive performance for 10-year cardiovascular mortality was estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The association between MMA and elevated cardiac biomarkers was significant with a dose-response pattern. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of MMA, the multivariable-adjusted rate ratios (95% CIs) in the highest quartile for elevated hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP were 2.35 (1.64–3.37) and 1.35 (1.12–1.62), respectively (each <em>p</em> trend &lt;0.001). Strikingly, the cardiovascular mortality risk associated with elevated hs‐cTnT or NT‐proBNP was at least two-fold higher in adults with elevated MMA levels than in those with lower MMA levels. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) of elevated hs‐cTnT for cardiovascular mortality were 1.58 (1.00–2.50) among individuals with MMA ≤125 nmol/L and 2.45 (1.94–3.11) among participants with MMA &gt;125 nmol/L.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MMA accumulation is independently associated with subclinical myocardial injury before cardiovascular events occur. These findings support the additional value of mitochondria-related indicators to guide cardiac biomarker-based screening of populations at high risk for cardiovascular events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Endurance Exercise and Nano-Selenium on Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Smoke-Exposed Rats with COPD","authors":"Mahdi Bakhshi ,&nbsp;Abdolali Banaeifar ,&nbsp;Sajad Arshadi ,&nbsp;Behzad Bazgir","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The present study investigates the impact of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in conjunction with six weeks of aerobic interval training (AIT) on muscular health in rodents exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two male rats, 6–8 weeks old, weighing 180–220 g, were randomly divided into seven groups: control, CSE, AIT (49 min per day, five days per week for six weeks), CSE+AIT, SeNPs+AIT (administered 150 µL by injection, one day per week for six weeks), CSE+AIT, and CSE+SeNPs+AIT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining demonstrated that SeNPs, in combination with AIT attenuated CSE-induced lung tissue damage. Pathway analysis revealed increased expression of genes associated with endurance exercise, including PGC-1α, AMPK, TFAM, and <span>l</span>-BAIBA. Specifically, PGC-1α expression was significantly increased in the CSE+SeNPs+AIT group compared to the healthy control group (<em>p</em> = 0.0289), while no significant differences were observed in the other groups (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). No significant changes in AMPK, TFAM, or <span>l</span>-BAIBA gene expression (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) were observed among the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results demonstrate that the combination of endurance exercise and SeNPs significantly attenuates CSE-induced lung tissue damage and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, particularly PGC-1α gene expression, in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that SeNPs supplementation, when combined with AIT, may mitigate the adverse effects of CSE exposure and improve mitochondrial function in smoke-exposed subjects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Comorbidities and Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Outcome in Hospitalized Pregnant Women in Brazil”","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong ,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valdecoxib Ameliorates Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in Tenocytes via the SIRT6/NRF2-Mediated Suppression of Oxidative Stress","authors":"Wonjun Cho ,&nbsp;Do Su Lim ,&nbsp;Hyeon Ji Gwon ,&nbsp;A.M. Abd El-Aty ,&nbsp;Ji Hoon Jeong ,&nbsp;Tae Woo Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Valdecoxib (VAL), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, VAL has been shown to improve skeletal muscle insulin resistance and attenuate hepatic steatosis in obese individuals. However, its potential effects on oxidative stress injury in tenocytes remain unclear. This study aims to explore novel functions of VAL by investigating its impact on cell death in oxidative stress-exposed tenocytes and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, with a focus on its therapeutic potential for the treatment of tendinopathy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Apoptosis was assessed using cell viability assays, caspase-3 activity measurements, and TUNEL staining. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in tenocytes were quantified using appropriate assay kits, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DCFDA staining. Tenocyte migration was evaluated using a scratch assay, and protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Conclusion</h3><div>In the present study, we found that VAL treatment suppressed apoptosis and ferroptosis and normalized the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation markers, and enhanced cell migration in H₂O₂-treated tenocytes. VAL treatment increased the expression of SIRT6 and NRF2 and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. SIRT6-targeted siRNA abrogated the effects of VAL on tenocytes treated with H₂O₂. It also reduced VAL-induced NRF2 expression and antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that VAL ameliorates oxidative stress induced tenocyte dysfunction through SIRT6/NRF2-mediated signaling. Therefore, this study highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of overuse-induced tendinopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiosensitization Following Valproic Acid and Gamma Rays in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Increases the Expression of hsa-miR-26a-5p","authors":"Marina Perona ,&nbsp;Cecilia Grissi ,&nbsp;Cinthia Rosemblit ,&nbsp;Leonardo Salvarredi ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Nicola ,&nbsp;Lisa Thomasz ,&nbsp;María A. Dagrosa ,&nbsp;Graciela Cremaschi ,&nbsp;Hebe Durán ,&nbsp;Guillermo Juvenal ,&nbsp;Irene L. Ibañez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare lethal human malignancy with a poor prognosis. Multimodality treatment, including radiotherapy, is recommended to improve local control and survival. Valproic acid (VA) is a clinically available anticonvulsant and histone deacetylase inhibitor with a well-documented side effect profile. Furthermore, VA radiosensitizes various cancer cells, including thyroid cancer. MicroRNAs (miRs) are deregulated in several cancers and may modulate radiation response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of VA combined with gamma radiation in radioresistant ATC cells at the expression level of miRs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ATC cells (8505c and KTC-2) were VA-treated and gamma-irradiated (2 Gy). The expression profile of miRs in 8505c was evaluated by microarray analysis 4 h after irradiation. Selected miRs were validated by RT-qPCR in both types of ATC cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed that after combined VA and gamma irradiation treatment, 8505c cells showed 109 differentially expressed miRs as compared to irradiated cells alone. These miRs exhibited a radiosensitization profile highlighted by upregulation of hsa-miR-26a-5p, which is usually downregulated in aggressive thyroid cancers. Moreover, hsa-miR-27a-3p and hsa-miR-486–5p, which are often deregulated in thyroid neoplasms, were downregulated after irradiation and VA treatment, respectively. The expression level of these three miRs was validated in 8505c and KTC-2 cells after treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The regulated miRs by VA and gamma irradiation reveal a novel miR expression profile with potential to be further studied in the radio-induced response and radiosensitization of ATC cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}