Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacogenetic Drug Administration and Community Health: A Cross-Sectional Telecommunication-Based Study","authors":"Nina D. Anfinogenova ,&nbsp;Vadim A. Stepanov ,&nbsp;Alina D. Kuznetsova ,&nbsp;Nazary P. Chesalov ,&nbsp;Sergey V. Popov ,&nbsp;Alexey N. Repin","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Drugs are considered pharmacogenetic (PGx) when genetic variants impact their efficacy, metabolism, or toxicity due to drug-gene interactions. This study aimed to elucidate PGx drug intake patterns in population samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Short Message Service (SMS) invitations were sent to randomly selected adult clients of a telecommunication company. A total of 2,149 respondents were enrolled. The online questionnaire included questions on demographic, clinical, pharmacological, behavioral, and other factors. PharmGKB resources were used to identify PGx genes potentially involved in pharmacotherapy outcomes. Proneness to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) was assessed based on the ADR index (ADRi).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most respondents (68.45%) were taking pharmacotherapy (433 drugs) associated with 839 PGx genes. The top five PGx drugs included bisoprolol, aspirin, losartan, indapamide, and omeprazole. The five most important PGx gene families involved in pharmacotherapy were <em>CYP, UGT, SLC, IL,</em> and <em>HLA</em>. The top five PGx genes were: <em>CYP3A5, ABCB1, CYP2D6, CYP2C9,</em> and <em>ACE</em>. The number of PGx genes per drug ranged from 0 to 138. A high number of PGx genes associated with pharmacotherapy were observed in patients with coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, endocrine diseases, dyssomnia, and rheumatic diseases. PGx burden significantly correlated with health conditions, median ADRi values, health-related behavioral traits, and clinical-pharmacology characteristics (<em>p</em> &lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The high prevalence of PGx drug utilization encourages the implementation of pre-emptive PGx testing. In the meantime, medical history taking, dose adjustment, assessment of drug blood concentrations, and committing to medical minimalism may prevent PGx-triggered ADRs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Maternal Obesity on Offspring microRNA Profiles: A Systematic Review of Experimental Models","authors":"Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima ,&nbsp;Pauline Maciel August ,&nbsp;Ariadni Mesquita Peres ,&nbsp;Alessandra Gonçalves Machado ,&nbsp;Carine Lampert ,&nbsp;Joelma Alves ,&nbsp;Thiago Ângelo Smaniotto ,&nbsp;Rachel Krolow ,&nbsp;Carla Dalmaz ,&nbsp;Camila Perelló Ferrúa","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal malnutrition, including obesity, can have long-term adverse effects on offspring health, potentially mediated by epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNAs (miRNAs). These miRNAs play a critical role in regulating gene expression and may contribute to the developmental programming of offspring outcomes. This systematic review aimed to explore the association between maternal obesity during pregnancy and miRNA alterations in offspring, focusing on evidence from animal models. A comprehensive search of the Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases identified 811 articles, 15 of which met the inclusion criteria. Our analysis revealed significant variability in the miRNAs and target tissues studied. Across the reviewed studies, 35 miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed in offspring exposed to maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy. These alterations were predominantly observed in the brain, liver, cardiac tissue, and adipose tissue, affecting processes related to insulin signaling, development and growth, immune response, and lipid metabolism. The observed miRNA alterations support the hypothesis that a maternal high-fat diet may induce a programmed epigenetic signature in offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145119588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Pilot Human Papillomavirus Self-Sampling Program in Workplaces in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico","authors":"Svetlana V. Doubova ,&nbsp;Saúl Eduardo Contreras-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Sean P. McClellan ,&nbsp;Patricia Piña-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine cervical cancer screening (CCS) coverage and follow-up before and after the introduction of the workplace Human Papilloma Virus self-sampling pilot program (HPV-SS-PP) for female factory workers in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico and to compare HPV-SS with conventional cervical cytology screening using the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis was conducted using the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) cancer registry, the HPV-SS-PP registry, and the IMSS affiliation database. The study focused on IMSS-affiliated working women aged 35–64 living in Ciudad Juárez. We examined trends in CCS coverage during the 38 months before and the first 12 months after the HPV-SS-PP. We also examined HPV prevalence and follow-up indicators for HPV-positive women.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study found that 44.8% of factories and 42.7% of women accepted the HPV-SS-PP program, leading to an initial increase and subsequent slowdown in CCS coverage. The HPV-16/18 genotype prevalence was 5%, and the HPV-pool prevalence was 18.1%. Follow-up for cervical cytology among women testing positive for the HPV-pool was 39.7%. Colposcopy and histopathology follow-up for HPV-16/18 genotypes and HPV-pool were moderate to high (64.8 and 84.7% for colposcopy, 87.8 and 93.2% for histopathology follow-up, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The HPV-SS-PP requires improvements to increase working women’s participation in CCS and ensure better follow-up of positive HPV results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic Risk Scores for Breast Cancer: Modern Approaches to Risk Prediction and Subtype Identification","authors":"Krishna Dipp-Martin ,&nbsp;Sandra Karina Santuario-Facio ,&nbsp;Rocío Ortiz-Lopez ,&nbsp;Rafael Argüello-Astorga ,&nbsp;Faviel Francisco González-Galarza","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer (BC), a complex disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of breast cells, poses a major global health challenge. Its increasing prevalence is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. While hereditary mutations in high-risk genes contribute to only a small percentage of cases, the majority may be influenced by common genetic variations that collectively determine individual susceptibility. The polygenic risk score (PRS) has emerged as a transformative tool that leverages the cumulative effects of multiple genetic variants to improve risk prediction beyond traditional single-gene models. When integrated with conventional risk factors, such as age, reproductive history, and modifiable lifestyle behaviors, PRS offers a more comprehensive approach to personalized risk assessment. Recent studies highlight its potential to guide targeted screening strategies, early interventions, and precision prevention efforts. This review provides insight into current PRS research and its clinical applications in BC risk stratification. It also explores the promise of PRS in shaping the future of precision oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When There is More than Meets the Eye: It is Time to Team up with AI","authors":"Yasmine Boumerdassi ,&nbsp;Vincent Puy ,&nbsp;Solmaz Sarandi ,&nbsp;Michael Grynberg ,&nbsp;Maeliss Peigne ,&nbsp;Christophe Sifer","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacogenetics, Polypharmacy, and the Future of Safer Prescribing: From Population Insights to Clinical Action","authors":"Oscar Arias-Carrión ,&nbsp;Héctor A. Cabrera-Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Peptic Ulcer Disease in Adolescents and Young Adults: Trends and Disparities from 1990–2021","authors":"Tai Zhang ,&nbsp;Beihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Xudong Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) significantly impacts adolescents and young adults (15–49 years), yet there are limited comprehensive analyses of its burden in this age group. This study examines global, regional, and national trends in PUD epidemiology from 1990–2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study, we analyzed PUD prevalence, incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality across 204 countries, stratified by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), and GBD regions. Trends were quantified using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) and joinpoint regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1990–2021, the global prevalence and incidence rates of PUD declined by 32.9 and 32.3%, respectively. Mortality and DALY rates decreased by 60.6 and 60.0%), respectively. Absolute cases increased by 50% in low SDI regions, while reductions were observed in middle SDI regions. South Asia and Western Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest prevalence rates. Sex disparities were evident, with males aged 45–49 having a prevalence rate that was 1.4-fold higher and a mortality rate that was 2.2-fold higher than females. Socioeconomic development inversely correlated with DALY rates (<em>R</em> = –0.708), but progress slowed after 2015 in high SDI regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The rising number of PUD cases in low SDI regions reflects population growth and limited healthcare access. Disparities highlight the need for targeted strategies. The slowed progress in high SDI regions indicates aging and evolving disease patterns. Tailored interventions are key for equitable control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 8","pages":"Article 103320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Outcomes in Fragility Fractures in the Spanish Registry of Osteoporotic Fractures According to the FLS Care Model","authors":"Leonor Cuadra-LLopart ,&nbsp;Samantha Santana Zorrilla ,&nbsp;Daniel Martínez-Laguna ,&nbsp;Mercè Giner ,&nbsp;Rafael Izquierdo Aviñó ,&nbsp;Ma Jose Montoya-Garcia ,&nbsp;Diana Ovejero Crespo ,&nbsp;Manuel Mesa Ramos ,&nbsp;Sonia Castro Oreiro ,&nbsp;Laura Fernández Sénder ,&nbsp;Leticia Lojo-Oliveira ,&nbsp;Carmen Gomez-Vaquero ,&nbsp;Christian Alvarado Escobar ,&nbsp;Ma Jesús Montesa ,&nbsp;Teresa Pareja Sierra ,&nbsp;Cristina Campos Fernández ,&nbsp;Jose Cancio-Trujillo ,&nbsp;Sonia Fuentes ,&nbsp;Ma Jose Marassi-Campos ,&nbsp;Guillermo Martinez Diaz-Guerra ,&nbsp;Jesús Mora-Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) are the gold standard for secondary fracture prevention, but their characteristics vary depending on the care model. This study describes the differences between Orthogeriatric (FLS-ORT) and Bone Metabolism (FLS-MET) models in Spain, based on data from the national osteoporotic fracture registry.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective, multicenter cohort study including 8,962 patients aged ≥50 years with fragility fractures from 25 active FLS in Spain (2019–2023). Patients were classified based on the care model: FLS-ORT (<em>n</em> = 3,695) or FLS-MET (<em>n</em> = 5,267). Baseline characteristics, fracture types, treatment initiation, adherence, and 12-month outcomes were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FLS-ORT patients were older (85 vs. 78 years, <em>p</em> &lt;0.001), had more comorbidities, and a higher risk of falls. Hip fractures were predominant in FLS-ORT (75.8%), while vertebral fractures were more frequent in FLS-MET (<em>p</em> &lt;0.001). Time from fracture to FLS assessment was shorter in FLS-ORT (0.1 vs. 1.6 months, <em>p</em> &lt;0.001). At 12 months, fracture recurrence was higher in FLS-ORT (7.7 vs. 5.5 per 100 patient-years), and mortality was significantly greater (<em>p</em> &lt;0.0001). However, osteoporosis treatment initiation (84.6%) and adherence (85.2%) were comparable across models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FLS are the gold standard for secondary fracture prevention. Both FLS care models (FLS-ORT and FLS-MET) were effective in reducing the risk of new fractures in patients and minimizing the impact on the quality of life of patients who suffer a fragility fracture. Future integration into a unified model assessing all fractures is anticipated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103302"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Natural IgM a Resilience Factor to Cancer?","authors":"RICARDO HERNÁNDEZ ÁVILA ,&nbsp;JORGE MORALES MONTOR ,&nbsp;MARCELA ARTEAGA-SILVA ,&nbsp;PEDRO OSTOA-SALOMA","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Baseline Autonomic Nervous System Activity Affect the Outcomes of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation?","authors":"Alper Percin ,&nbsp;Ali Veysel Ozden ,&nbsp;Semiha Yenisehir ,&nbsp;Berkay Eren Pehlivanoglu ,&nbsp;Ramazan Cihad Yılmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has recently emerged as an effective neuromodulation method. A preliminary evaluation based on heart rate variability (HRV) could predict those who would benefit most from taVNS. This study investigated the efficacy of taVNS in healthy subjects according to the baseline activity range of the parasympathetic (PNS) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS) indexes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>76 healthy participants were enrolled in the study. HRV, pulse rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured at baseline and after taVNS. The procedure was repeated after 48–72 h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the first intervention, the PNS index increased in group 1 (<em>p</em> &lt;0.001), and the SNS index decreased in groups 1 and 3 (<em>p</em> &lt;0.001). In the second intervention, the PNS index increased in groups 1, 2, and 4 (<em>p</em> = 0.001, <em>p</em> = 0.018, and <em>p</em> = 0.003, respectively), while the SNS index decreased in groups 1 and 3 (both <em>p</em> = 0.001). SBP and DBP decreased in all groups after both interventions. After the first intervention, the PNS index was higher in group 1 than in groups 3 and 4 (<em>p</em> = 0.001 and <em>p</em> &lt;0.001, respectively), and the SNS index and SBP were lower in group 1 than in group 3 (both <em>p</em> &lt;0.05). After the second intervention, the PNS index was higher and the SNS index was lower in group 1 than in group 3 (<em>p</em> &lt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Subjects with low parasympathetic or high sympathetic activity may be more responsive to taVNS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"57 3","pages":"Article 103324"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}