Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Balancing Priorities in Guideline Development: Consideration of Health Equity in WHO’s Normative Products on Obesity","authors":"Omar Dewidar , Juan Pablo Peña-Rosas , Jordi Pardo Pardo , Vivian Welch , Kevin Pottie , Peter Tugwell","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 7","pages":"Article 103236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to: Comorbidities and Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Outcome in Pregnant Women Hospitalized in Brazil","authors":"Francilene Maria Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Metabolite Methylmalonic Acid, Subclinical Myocardial Injury, and its Incremental Predictive Value for Cardiovascular Mortality Risk","authors":"Fan Tang ,&nbsp;Miao Yan ,&nbsp;Zeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhanchao Chen ,&nbsp;Yige Liu ,&nbsp;Mingyan E ,&nbsp;Shaohong Fang ,&nbsp;Yiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Shanjie Wang ,&nbsp;Bo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is involved in myocardial mitochondrial damage and energy metabolism disorders. We sought to investigate the association of MMA with subclinical myocardial injury and its incremental value in predicting cardiovascular mortality risk based on conventional risk factors and cardiac biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 11,373 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The cross-sectional associations of MMA with subclinical elevation of cardiac biomarkers (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin [hs-cTn] and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP]), and their prospective associations with long-term mortality, were assessed. The predictive performance for 10-year cardiovascular mortality was estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The association between MMA and elevated cardiac biomarkers was significant with a dose-response pattern. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of MMA, the multivariable-adjusted rate ratios (95% CIs) in the highest quartile for elevated hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP were 2.35 (1.64–3.37) and 1.35 (1.12–1.62), respectively (each <em>p</em> trend &lt;0.001). Strikingly, the cardiovascular mortality risk associated with elevated hs‐cTnT or NT‐proBNP was at least two-fold higher in adults with elevated MMA levels than in those with lower MMA levels. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) of elevated hs‐cTnT for cardiovascular mortality were 1.58 (1.00–2.50) among individuals with MMA ≤125 nmol/L and 2.45 (1.94–3.11) among participants with MMA &gt;125 nmol/L.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MMA accumulation is independently associated with subclinical myocardial injury before cardiovascular events occur. These findings support the additional value of mitochondria-related indicators to guide cardiac biomarker-based screening of populations at high risk for cardiovascular events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Endurance Exercise and Nano-Selenium on Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Skeletal Muscle of Smoke-Exposed Rats with COPD","authors":"Mahdi Bakhshi ,&nbsp;Abdolali Banaeifar ,&nbsp;Sajad Arshadi ,&nbsp;Behzad Bazgir","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>The present study investigates the impact of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in conjunction with six weeks of aerobic interval training (AIT) on muscular health in rodents exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-two male rats, 6–8 weeks old, weighing 180–220 g, were randomly divided into seven groups: control, CSE, AIT (49 min per day, five days per week for six weeks), CSE+AIT, SeNPs+AIT (administered 150 µL by injection, one day per week for six weeks), CSE+AIT, and CSE+SeNPs+AIT.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Histological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining demonstrated that SeNPs, in combination with AIT attenuated CSE-induced lung tissue damage. Pathway analysis revealed increased expression of genes associated with endurance exercise, including PGC-1α, AMPK, TFAM, and <span>l</span>-BAIBA. Specifically, PGC-1α expression was significantly increased in the CSE+SeNPs+AIT group compared to the healthy control group (<em>p</em> = 0.0289), while no significant differences were observed in the other groups (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). No significant changes in AMPK, TFAM, or <span>l</span>-BAIBA gene expression (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) were observed among the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results demonstrate that the combination of endurance exercise and SeNPs significantly attenuates CSE-induced lung tissue damage and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, particularly PGC-1α gene expression, in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that SeNPs supplementation, when combined with AIT, may mitigate the adverse effects of CSE exposure and improve mitochondrial function in smoke-exposed subjects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Comorbidities and Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Outcome in Hospitalized Pregnant Women in Brazil”","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong ,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103228","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valdecoxib Ameliorates Apoptosis and Ferroptosis in Tenocytes via the SIRT6/NRF2-Mediated Suppression of Oxidative Stress","authors":"Wonjun Cho ,&nbsp;Do Su Lim ,&nbsp;Hyeon Ji Gwon ,&nbsp;A.M. Abd El-Aty ,&nbsp;Ji Hoon Jeong ,&nbsp;Tae Woo Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Valdecoxib (VAL), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. In addition to its anti-inflammatory properties, VAL has been shown to improve skeletal muscle insulin resistance and attenuate hepatic steatosis in obese individuals. However, its potential effects on oxidative stress injury in tenocytes remain unclear. This study aims to explore novel functions of VAL by investigating its impact on cell death in oxidative stress-exposed tenocytes and elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, with a focus on its therapeutic potential for the treatment of tendinopathy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Apoptosis was assessed using cell viability assays, caspase-3 activity measurements, and TUNEL staining. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in tenocytes were quantified using appropriate assay kits, while reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by DCFDA staining. Tenocyte migration was evaluated using a scratch assay, and protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results and Conclusion</h3><div>In the present study, we found that VAL treatment suppressed apoptosis and ferroptosis and normalized the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation markers, and enhanced cell migration in H₂O₂-treated tenocytes. VAL treatment increased the expression of SIRT6 and NRF2 and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. SIRT6-targeted siRNA abrogated the effects of VAL on tenocytes treated with H₂O₂. It also reduced VAL-induced NRF2 expression and antioxidant enzyme activities. These results suggest that VAL ameliorates oxidative stress induced tenocyte dysfunction through SIRT6/NRF2-mediated signaling. Therefore, this study highlights a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of overuse-induced tendinopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiosensitization Following Valproic Acid and Gamma Rays in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Increases the Expression of hsa-miR-26a-5p","authors":"Marina Perona ,&nbsp;Cecilia Grissi ,&nbsp;Cinthia Rosemblit ,&nbsp;Leonardo Salvarredi ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Nicola ,&nbsp;Lisa Thomasz ,&nbsp;María A. Dagrosa ,&nbsp;Graciela Cremaschi ,&nbsp;Hebe Durán ,&nbsp;Guillermo Juvenal ,&nbsp;Irene L. Ibañez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare lethal human malignancy with a poor prognosis. Multimodality treatment, including radiotherapy, is recommended to improve local control and survival. Valproic acid (VA) is a clinically available anticonvulsant and histone deacetylase inhibitor with a well-documented side effect profile. Furthermore, VA radiosensitizes various cancer cells, including thyroid cancer. MicroRNAs (miRs) are deregulated in several cancers and may modulate radiation response. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of VA combined with gamma radiation in radioresistant ATC cells at the expression level of miRs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ATC cells (8505c and KTC-2) were VA-treated and gamma-irradiated (2 Gy). The expression profile of miRs in 8505c was evaluated by microarray analysis 4 h after irradiation. Selected miRs were validated by RT-qPCR in both types of ATC cells.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed that after combined VA and gamma irradiation treatment, 8505c cells showed 109 differentially expressed miRs as compared to irradiated cells alone. These miRs exhibited a radiosensitization profile highlighted by upregulation of hsa-miR-26a-5p, which is usually downregulated in aggressive thyroid cancers. Moreover, hsa-miR-27a-3p and hsa-miR-486–5p, which are often deregulated in thyroid neoplasms, were downregulated after irradiation and VA treatment, respectively. The expression level of these three miRs was validated in 8505c and KTC-2 cells after treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The regulated miRs by VA and gamma irradiation reveal a novel miR expression profile with potential to be further studied in the radio-induced response and radiosensitization of ATC cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Founder Variants in the Mexican Population: A Systematic Review","authors":"Sylvia Harari-Arakindji ,&nbsp;Teresa Metta-Harari ,&nbsp;Isabel Espino-Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Lucia Taja-Chayeb ,&nbsp;Rodrigo González-Barrios ,&nbsp;Zyanya Lucia Zatarain-Barrón ,&nbsp;José Elias García-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Talia Wegman-Ostrosky","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Founder variants (FVs) are genetic alterations inherited from a common ancestor that are frequently observed in genetically homogeneous populations. FVs significantly influence the prevalence of genetic disorders in specific populations; however, these variants have never been comprehensively described for the Mexican population.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to summarize and describe FVs of Mexican origin and their association with specific health conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Studies were retrieved from the LILACS, COCHRANE, Scopus, and PubMed databases using a pre-specified search string. Information on genes, variants, and haplotypes that met the inclusion criteria was extracted from the articles. Based on the evidence provided, variants originating in the Mexican population were stratified according to whether they had strong or weak evidence for classification as FVs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 32 studies were selected, describing 19 genes and 21 FVs. These include variants associated with a variety of diseases, such as Stargardt disease, breast and ovarian cancer, Fanconi anemia, congenital muscular dystrophy, and familial hypercholesterolemia. Haplotype analysis revealed that some variants, although frequent in the Mexican population, appear to be of European origin, as their haplotypes match those found in European populations and may represent variants introduced into Mexican territory following the Spanish conquest in the early 16th century.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results provide a comprehensive view of the FVs present in the Mexican population, increasing our understanding of the genetic architecture in this region. In addition, they provide a broad context to elucidate potential associations between FVs and clinical, historical, and cultural findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease in adolescents and young adults in Mexico: Secondary analysis of the 2021 global burden of disease study","authors":"Claudio A. Dávila-Cervantes","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>To analyse the burden of young-onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Mexico for the years 1990 and 2021, as well as trends from 1990 to 2021, and to evaluate its association with the sociodemographic index (SDI) and the Healthcare Access and Quality Index (HAQI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study was conducted, stratified by sex, age groups, states, and CVD subcauses. Metrics included mortality, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was an increase in age-standardized young-onset CVD DALY rates in men and a decrease in women. The leading causes of young-onset CVD deaths were ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Males showed a higher burden for all CVD causes, except for rheumatic heart disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension. The burden of premature mortality was higher in men, while disability was more pronounced in women. Complex associations were observed between SDI, HAQI, and CVD burden, highlighting a heterogeneous situation among Mexican states.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Recognizing the unique cardiovascular profiles of young men and women and effectively engaging them in healthcare systems may lead to targeted interventions that reduce risk factors, improve health outcomes, and further decrease the burden of young-onset CVD in Mexico.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 6","pages":"Article 103222"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of IL-17a on Apoptosis and Mucinosis-Related Molecules in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer","authors":"Ali Ghorbani Ranjbary ,&nbsp;Jalil Mehrzad ,&nbsp;Hesam Dehghani ,&nbsp;Saman Hosseinkhani","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aims</h3><div>IL17-producing Th17 represent a distinct subset of T-cells. The link between IL-17a and the colorectal cancer (CRC) microenvironment has been widely accepted. However, the role of IL-17a in epithelial cell apoptosis, autophagy, mucinosis, ultrastructural changes, and their potential correlations with CRC remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Out of 2890 patients with CRC, 200 were divided into four groups (stage I-IV) and 50 into non-CRC/healthy/control. We investigated the relationship between IL-17a, apoptosis, autophagy, and mucinosis in patients with stage I-IV CRC (<em>in vitro/vivo</em>). In addition to many (para)clinical assessments, IL-17a load in blood and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in patients with CRC were assessed. To examine these associations, the effect of IL-17a on CRC cells was evaluated using qPCR, Western blotting, ELISA, bioluminescence, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and ultrastructural changes in the colonic epithelia were assessed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>IL-17a is overexpressed in stage I–IV in the TME and in stage III–IV in the blood of patients with CRC. IL-17a upregulated apoptosis (caspases, cytochrome <em>c</em> (CYC), higher Bax:Bcl2 ratio), autophagy (SIRT1 and LC3), and the cell cycle (TP53, APC-1) and downregulated B3GALNT2 and mucins and led to morphological and nuclear changes in CRC epithelia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>IL-17a is abundantly expressed in the CRC microenvironment, and IL-17a-IL-17aR interactions play a critical role in the control of apoptosis and mucinosis. The observed remarkable association of IL-17a and apoptosis in adenocarcinoma provides valuable insight into the clinical implications of Th17/IL-17 in CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}