Archives of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Tumor-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cell Growth and Development in Different Cancer Types In Vitro and In Vivo Models","authors":"Mashael S. Altoub ,&nbsp;Amal S. Alhamid ,&nbsp;Badr Aldahmash ,&nbsp;Ahmed Rady ,&nbsp;Abdel Halim Harrath ,&nbsp;Ahmed HK. El-Hashash ,&nbsp;Pathalam Ganesan ,&nbsp;Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in almost all tissue types. They have multipotent properties and unique abilities to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. We evaluated the effect of MSCs pretreated with tumor factors on three different types of common, difficult to detect cancers using several cell-based assays such as cell viability and proliferation assay, scratch assays, migration assays, and <em>in vivo</em> assays.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We co-cultured each type of these common cancers with either control MSCs (control TERT-GFP cells) or MSCs that were pretreated with tumor factors (conditioned medium [CM]- induced TERT-GFP cells) and compared changes in cell morphology and growth, cell proliferation, cell migration, and colony formation in an <em>in vitro</em> model. Moreover, we examined the changes in these cancers after injection with control TERT-GFP cells (untreated) and CM- induced TERT-GFP cells in an <em>in vivo</em> model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We detected an increase in cell proliferation of each cancer cell line when co-cultured with normal MCSs. Only HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cells co-cultured with CM-induced TERT-GFP cells showed a significant reduction in cell proliferation. We observed that pre-exposure of MSCs to tumor factors decreased the attraction/migration of MSCs towards all studied tumor cell types, particularly HT-29 cells. MSCs pre-exposed to tumor factors that were co-cultured with tumor cells significantly influenced the wound healing of these cells and tumor factors markedly decreased colony formation in colorectal cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that coculture of MSCs with tumor factors for 1 wk can suppress cancer cells, especially colorectal cancer cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint: Differential Impacts of Acute and Long-Term Pollution Exposure on Cardiovascular Health","authors":"Sameer Mehta,&nbsp;Yashendra Sethi,&nbsp;David Zerpa,&nbsp;Nataly Rendon","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I and II Allele Frequencies and Disease Associations in Mexicans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Anahi Pérez-Galicia ,&nbsp;Cesar Lugo-Caballero ,&nbsp;Santiago Martínez-Calvillo ,&nbsp;Vianey Ortiz-Navarrete ,&nbsp;Rebeca G. Manning-Cela","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a crucial role in immune responses and is associated with disease susceptibility. This study systematically reviews MHC class I and class II allele frequencies and their associations with diseases in the Mexican population from 1979 to 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Reports were obtained from the Allele Frequency Net Database and PubMed using keywords related to HLA and Mexican populations. A total of 776 reports were screened, and 214 were retained for final analysis. Seventy-six studies comprising allele frequency data from over 20,000 individuals across Mexican states and indigenous communities were analyzed. In addition, over 138 articles were examined to identify alleles associated with various diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis identified 117 alleles whose frequencies varied regionally within Mexico. While DPA1*01, DPB1*04:01, and DQA1*03 were predominant, DRB1*04, DQB1*03, and DQA1*05 were also prominent but variable. Certain alleles, such as A*02, B*35, C*04, and C*07, were relatively common in the population. Numerous disease correlations were uncovered, such as B*27′s strong association with spondyloarthropathies. DRB1*15:01 and DRB1*04 conferred an increase in multiple sclerosis, while DRB1*04 may protect against some skin diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review improves the understanding of MHC allele frequencies and disease associations in Mexicans, highlighting genetic diversity. The findings lay the groundwork for future research on genetic predispositions and health outcomes, aiding healthcare strategies in this diverse population. Further studies are needed to address data gaps and refine genetic profiles for targeted medical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Insights Into Early Detection and Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis: Unveiling Molecular Signatures","authors":"Bhavneet Kaur ,&nbsp;Diksha Rana ,&nbsp;Rinkle Sharma ,&nbsp;Monidipa Konar ,&nbsp;Mandeep S. Dhillon ,&nbsp;Devendra K. Chouhan ,&nbsp;Uttam Chand Saini ,&nbsp;Mahesh Prakash ,&nbsp;Amit Arora ,&nbsp;Indu Verma ,&nbsp;Jyotdeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Sadhna Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Osteoarthritis (OA) is the eleventh most disabling condition, with radiographic classification based on the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. Early detection is critical to implement interventions to slow disease progression and improve patient outcomes. Proteomics, as a powerful strategy, could contribute to a better understanding of the disease pathophysiology and its early detection.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aims to identify and confirm proteins associated with early detection and their role in the progression of knee OA.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Synovial fluid (SF) and serum samples from the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, were categorized by KL classification and subjected to SWATH^TM analysis in the discovery phase. Seven samples of each OA grade were analyzed. A mass dynamics tool was used for data analysis and visualization. Significant protein expression level was defined as -1≤ log2FC ≥1 with p-value &lt; 0.05, and ELISA was used for validation in a greater number of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>29 significantly modulated proteins were observed in osteoarthritis grade comparisons. Cathepsin G (CTSG) and angiotensinogen (AGT) were upregulated, whereas fumarylacetoacetase (FAH) and neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) were downregulated with radiographic disease progression, as validated by ELISA. CTSG, AGT, and NCAM1 showed good sensitivity and specificity in discriminating between early and late OA grades. Notably, serum and synovial fluid levels of AGT and NCAM1 exhibited significant correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This is one of the first studies to comprehensively analyze proteins associated with OA progression. Additionally, the identified protein signatures have great potential for OA progression and differential diagnosis of early and late-stage OA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103206"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Molecular and Functional Analysis of Human Sperm Subpopulations to Identify New Biomarkers of Fertilization Potential","authors":"Pedro Caballero-Campo ,&nbsp;Saúl Lira-Albarrán ,&nbsp;Alexandra Amaral ,&nbsp;Chibo Hong ,&nbsp;Nakul Shah ,&nbsp;Annaick Carles ,&nbsp;Daofeng Li ,&nbsp;David Barrera ,&nbsp;Gabriela Hernández-Silva ,&nbsp;Joao Ramalho-Santos ,&nbsp;Ting Wang ,&nbsp;Martin Hirst ,&nbsp;Fernando Larrea ,&nbsp;Joe Costello ,&nbsp;Paolo Rinaudo ,&nbsp;Mayel Chirinos","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Human ejaculates are composed of sperm subsets with heterogeneous characteristics. Comparative studies of sperm subpopulations with differences in motility may serve to investigate the functional and molecular features that are crucial for reaching the oocyte and fertilizing.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify functional and molecular markers that characterize sperm subpopulations with high and low motility.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Semen samples from 11 donors with proven fertility were processed by density gradient centrifugation to isolate high (F1) and low (F2) motility sperm subpopulations. Besides motility, we evaluated viability, chromatin integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, capacitation, and acrosomal status. F1 and F2 were subjected to comparative methylome and transcriptome analyses by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and RNA sequencing, respectively. Further validation of candidate biomarkers at the RNA and protein levels was performed with semen samples from six normozoospermic volunteers using quantitative PCR and Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spermatozoa from the F1 fractions exhibited higher mitochondrial membrane potential and viability than F2. Comparative methylome and transcriptome analyses of F1 and F2 identified 271 differentially methylated genes and 82 differentially expressed genes. Notably, <em>CEP128</em> and <em>CSTPP1</em> were downregulated and differentially methylated in the F2 fraction. Quantitative PCR confirmed the downregulation of these two genes in F2, and the downregulation of CEP128 was further validated at the protein level by Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>F1 spermatozoa are characterized by elevated mitochondrial membrane potential, viability, and higher expression of <em>CEP128</em> and <em>CSTPP1</em>. Future studies should evaluate the potential of these functional variables and genes as biomarkers of fertility, either individually or in combination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of the monocyte CCR2-CCL2 axis in triple-negative breast cancer","authors":"Magdalena Budzyń ,&nbsp;Agata Kubicka ,&nbsp;Elżbieta Kaja ,&nbsp;Witold Kycler ,&nbsp;Joanna Załuska-Kusz ,&nbsp;Jacek J. Brzeziński ,&nbsp;Marcelina Sperling ,&nbsp;Alicja Bukowska ,&nbsp;Joanna Grupińska","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The monocyte CCR2-CCL2 axis appears to play a crucial role in the generation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which subsequently promotes tumor metastasis and resistance to therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Our study assessed the monocyte CCR2-CCL2 axis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and its ability to predict tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 42 female patients diagnosed with TNBC and eligible for NAC. Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was based on pathological complete response (pCR). Surface expression of CCR2 on monocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry. Circulating CCL2 was measured by Luminex X-Map technology.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Increased monocyte CCR2 expression and higher circulating CCL2 levels were observed in the patients with TNBC. After dividing the patients according to their response to NAC, a significant difference in CCL2 levels was found only between patients who achieved pCR and those who did not. ROC curves showed that the optimum diagnostic cut-off value of CCL2 ≤89.61 pg/mL better discriminated patients with TNBC who achieved pCR better than the Ki-67 index. Univariate analysis demonstrated that circulating. CCL2 ≤89.61 pg/mL was significantly associated with pCR. However, this correlation lost statistical significance in the multivariate model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study demonstrated the activation of the monocyte CCR2-CCL2 axis in TNBC for the first time. This activation occurs mainly in patients who do not respond to NAC. Circulating CCL2 levels ≤89.61 pg/mL were found to predict, to some extent, the achievement of pCR in patients with TNBC receiving NAC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Consensus Clustering and Treatment Heterogeneity Analysis in Critically Ill Patients with Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Xiujuan Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Sun ,&nbsp;Huixian Li ,&nbsp;Miao Lin ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Mo ,&nbsp;Huiying Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to establish a phenotypic clustering model for critically ill patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (CIP T2DM), define distinct subtypes, and analyze differences in clinical characteristics and treatment response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database were phenotyped based on demographic, physiological, and biochemical parameters, along with critically ill scores, using a consensus clustering algorithm. Subtype validity was assessed using the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU). High-frequency combination drug regimens were then extracted to reveal therapeutic heterogeneity among subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three subtypes were identified in the MIMIC-IV cohort (<em>n</em> = 6349). The in-group proportions of 0.957, 0.898, and 0.836 in the eICU cohort (<em>n</em> = 1425) show high consistency. These three subtypes are: a) CIP T2DM with severe infection (CIP T2DM-SI) with a mortality of 16.7 % and a post-medication blood glucose (PMBG, first measured 24 h after medication administration) of 8.25 mmol/L; b) CIP T2DM with organ failure (CIP T2DM-OF) with 18.6 % mortality and 8.03 mmol/L PMBG; and c) CIP T2DM under monitoring for continuous observation and evaluation (CIP T2DM-UM) with 8.87 % mortality and 6.98 mmol/L PMBG. Moreover, the three subtypes showed different in-hospital mortality risks under the same medication regimen.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Three phenotypes were identified in CIP T2DM, showing significant heterogeneity in clinical characteristics and prognosis. Personalized interventions for these subtypes may help reduce adverse events and guide precise treatment in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 5","pages":"Article 103197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidities and Sociodemographic Factors as Determinants of COVID-19 Outcome in Hospitalized Pregnant Women in Brazil","authors":"Francilene Maria Azevedo ,&nbsp;Ariane Ribeiro de Freitas Rocha ,&nbsp;Núbia de Souza de Morais ,&nbsp;Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Silvia Eloiza Priore ,&nbsp;Jackson Martins Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy causes maternal health complications.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the relationship between comorbidities and sociodemographic factors with COVID-19 outcome (death/healing) among hospitalized pregnant women in Brazil.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A longitudinal study, based on secondary data from the SIVEP Gripe. All hospitalizations of adult pregnant women with COVID-19 were assessed, with a total sample of 16,202 women. The dependent variable was the evolution of COVID-19 hospitalizations (death/healing), and the independent variables were age, ethnicity, gestational trimester, immunization, and comorbidities. R software version 4.3.2 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, the χ² test, and Poisson regression were used. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends in lethality during the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age of the pregnant women assessed was 30 years (P25- 25; P75- 35). Lethality was 7.62 % (<em>n</em> = 1,236), and death was associated with the group of women who did not receive any dose of vaccine in the second trimester of pregnancy, were aged ≥35 years, and had black/brown skin color. The risk of death was higher among unvaccinated women (RR: 4.29; CI: 2.97–6.50), those aged ≥35 years (RR: 1.37; CI: 1.13–1.67), and those with obesity (RR: 2.08; CI: 1.66–2.58). In the temporal analysis, the monthly percentage change (MPC) in lethality was significant in three periods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Black ethnicity, obesity, and lack of vaccination were the main factors that increased the risk of death from COVID-19 among pregnant women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 4","pages":"Article 103184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mexican Interdisciplinary Consensus on the Diagnosis and Preventive Measures for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections","authors":"Rosa Maria Wong-Chew ,&nbsp;Daniel E. Noyola ,&nbsp;Fortino Solórzano-Santos ,&nbsp;Sarbelio Moreno-Espinosa ,&nbsp;Maria Guadalupe Miranda-Novales ,&nbsp;Eric Ochoa Hein ,&nbsp;Arturo Galindo-Fraga ,&nbsp;Diana Vilar-Compte ,&nbsp;Gerardo Martinez-Aguilar ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Norberto Jiménez-Juárez ,&nbsp;Gilberto Tena- Alavez ,&nbsp;Dina Villanueva-García ,&nbsp;Martha Eugenia Valdivia-Proa ,&nbsp;Pedro Antonio Martinez-Arce ,&nbsp;Alejandro Ernesto Macías-Hernández ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Espinosa-Rosales ,&nbsp;Daniel Ibarra-Rios ,&nbsp;Guillermo Ruiz Palacios y Santos ,&nbsp;Martha Josefina Avilés-Robles ,&nbsp;Emilia Josefina Patiño-Bahena ,&nbsp;Patricia Cornejo-Juarez","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory illness in children and adults in Latin America and Mexico. RSV circulates with seasonal peaks in fall and winter. Individuals at highest risk for severe infection are premature infants and those with comorbidities, as well as older adults with cardiopulmonary pathologies and/or varying degrees of immunocompromise.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To provide an updated landscape of the epidemiology, risk groups, diagnostic methods, and prevention of RSV infection in Mexico.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Convened by the Asociación Mexicana de Infectología y Microbiología Clínica, 28 interdisciplinary experts participated in a consensus meeting held in November 2023. Four groups, each with seven experts and a medical writer, were formed to discuss epidemiology and diagnosis, risk groups, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies (mABs). Predefined questions, formulated by a team of four experts, were discussed within each group, and consensus was reached on the answers. These responses were then analyzed and organized into recommendations based on national and international evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Evidence-based recommendations for epidemiological surveillance, diagnosis, and prevention of RSV infection were proposed. Future perspectives regarding the usefulness of new vaccines and passive immunoprophylaxis were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Timely identification of at-risk populations, diagnosis and treatment of RSV infection, and particularly the rational use of mABs and vaccines are key strategies to reduce the clinical and epidemiological burden of RSV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 4","pages":"Article 103183"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loneliness and cognitive function in older adults living in Latin America: A systematic review","authors":"David Camacho ,&nbsp;Pamela Tella-Vega ,&nbsp;Fernando A. Wagner ,&nbsp;Carolina Santamaría-Ulloa ,&nbsp;Amanda Lehning ,&nbsp;Joseph J. Gallo ,&nbsp;Carmen García-Peña","doi":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arcmed.2025.103182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>English language systematic reviews with samples from high-income countries have found an inverse relationship between loneliness and cognitive function. Considering that cultural and contextual resources influence the experience of loneliness and cognitive health, we conducted a systematic review analyzing quantitative studies exploring the relationship between loneliness and cognitive function in older adults in Latin America. Following PRISMA guidelines, we used five databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, LILACS, and SciELO). Inclusion criteria were: a) quantitative research examining the relationship between loneliness and cognitive health, b) descriptions of loneliness and measures of cognitive function, c) English or Spanish language peer-reviewed articles, and d) a sample of older adults in Latin America (≥60 years). We assessed bias using the Risk of Bias Instrument for Cross-Sectional Surveys of Attitudes and Practices. Seven of the 1,887 studies (all cross-sectional) met the inclusion criteria, comprising 26,440 participants from Brazil or Mexico. Most, but not all, found a significant inverse association between loneliness and cognitive function after controlling for salient health and psychosocial factors. Measures and conceptualizations of loneliness and cognitive function, as well as theoretical explanations linking these concepts, varied. Two studies had a high risk of bias. Current evidence suggests a possible cross-sectional association between loneliness and cognitive function in older adults in these countries. Further research is needed to examine the possible bidirectional relationship using representative samples and longitudinal designs; test pathways linking dimensions of loneliness (e.g., chronicity) to cognitive function (e.g., Alzheimer's disease continuum), and explore Latin American diversity (e.g., countries, indigenous peoples, sexual minorities).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8318,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Research","volume":"56 4","pages":"Article 103182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}