Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"From brain imaging phenotypes to vascular dementia subtypes: A comprehensive mendelian randomization study","authors":"Congai Chen ,&nbsp;Zehan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qinglin Liu ,&nbsp;Pinyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yiwen Deng ,&nbsp;Jingwei Mao ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vascular dementia (VaD) is a heterogeneous disorder with distinct subtypes, each exhibiting unique neuropathological profiles. Although neuroimaging studies have identified some subtype-specific structural brain alterations, a systematic investigation establishing causal relationships between imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and the development of specific VaD subtypes remains absent from current literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess causal relationships between 3,935 brain IDPs from UK Biobank neuroimaging and four VaD subtypes (multiple infarctions, subcortical, sudden onset, and mixed) from FinnGen. Significant findings from the primary inverse variance weighted analysis were validated using Bayesian Weighted MR (BWMR) and MR Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR-RAPS) methods to mitigate potential pleiotropy. Sensitivity analyses and reverse MR assessed robustness and directionality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initial analyses identified highly significant causal associations for 33, 27, 25, and 30 brain IDPs with multiple infarctions, subcortical, sudden onset, and mixed VaD subtypes, respectively. Validation with BWMR and MR-RAPS confirmed 22, 17, 17, and 21 robustly causal IDPs for each subtype. Key findings included causal roles for gray matter volume/surface area changes in cognition-related regions specific to each subtype, as well as axonal and myelin damage with distinct anatomical localization in each subtype. Reverse MR found no evidence that any VaD subtype causally influenced the identified brain IDPs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study provides robust genetic evidence for distinct causal relationships between specific patterns of brain structural alterations and different VaD subtypes. These subtype-specific neuroimaging signatures highlight divergent neuroanatomical substrates underlying VaD heterogeneity and offer potential targets for developing diagnostic biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a compression of morbidity and does it vary across social strata among older European adults? A retrospective cohort study of two waves 15 years apart","authors":"Enrique Alonso-Perez ,&nbsp;Julie L O‘Sullivan ,&nbsp;Jan Paul Heisig ,&nbsp;Christoph U Correll ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen ,&nbsp;Henrik Rudolf ,&nbsp;Georg Fuellen ,&nbsp;Paul Gellert","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Compression of morbidity may be linked to belonging to particular social strata defined by intersections of age, gender, migration and occupation. Extending the approach by Crimmins and Beltrán-Sánchez, we investigated compression of morbidity, defined as reduced socially stratified prevalence of self-reported heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and functional limitations, using two samples 15 years apart.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data of eleven European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), comparing 2004 (<em>N</em> = 29,224) and 2019/2020 (<em>N</em> = 46,498) samples, to apply multilevel logistic regressions within an intersectional MAIHDA (Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy) framework.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Overall patterns did not show compression of morbidity in terms of lower prevalence after 15 years, but intersectional analyses revealed specific compression patterns. Certain strata showed reduced heart disease prevalence, with older men with migration background experiencing the strongest declines from initially high levels. However, no social stratum showed morbidity compression for stroke. Blue-collar low-skill men exhibited particularly increased cancer prevalence across waves. Among older men, diabetes prevalence increased substantially. Reductions in functional limitation prevalence emerged across waves for all female groups aged 70–79, and for blue-collar high-skill men.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Overall, we found that compression of morbidity was largely intersectionally stratified, evidencing the impact of social inequalities in healthy life expectancy. This calls for stratified preventive measures at public health level in the future.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Einstein Foundation Berlin (EZ-2019–555–2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heatmap of 10-year disability risk according to the frailty–intrinsic capacity (FR-IC) index in older Japanese adults","authors":"Rei Otsuka ,&nbsp;Shu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yukiko Nishita ,&nbsp;Chikako Tange ,&nbsp;Mana Tateishi ,&nbsp;Hyuma Makizako ,&nbsp;Kaori Kinoshita ,&nbsp;Fumihiro Mizokami ,&nbsp;Mai Kabayama ,&nbsp;Kei Kamide ,&nbsp;Shosuke Satake ,&nbsp;Hidenori Arai","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of c-Jun/Bak signaling alleviates endothelial cell senescence and inflammation caused by mitochondrial dysfunction in DMED","authors":"Ma Jianxiong ,&nbsp;Guo Yingxue ,&nbsp;Zhongliao Zeng ,&nbsp;Yuyi Li ,&nbsp;Huang Jie ,&nbsp;He Qiang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endothelial dysfunction is a key contributor to diabetic complications, including erectile dysfunction (ED). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis of diabetic ED (DMED), this study identifies the c-Jun/Bak pathway as a key driver of endothelial aging and inflammation. Hyperglucose-induced c-Jun/Bak activation initiates Bak-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction manifested as structural damage, excessive ROS production, and metabolic dysfunction. In DMED rats, penile corpus cavernosal endothelial cells exhibit elevated markers of senescence as well as overactivation of JNK and mitochondrial abnormalities. In vitro experiments showed that JNK inhibition protected mitochondrial function and attenuated aging and inflammation, whereas Bak activation reversed these benefits. While rodent models provide mechanistic insights, translational challenges require further investigation due to the complexity of human diabetes. These findings highlight mitochondrial regulation of c-Jun/Bak signaling as a therapeutic target for diabetic vascular complications, providing a novel approach for the treatment of DMED.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty's fundamental heterogeneity: From biological mechanisms to health equity","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular alterations of endothelial cells during ageing","authors":"Yongle Sun ,&nbsp;Yini Dai ,&nbsp;Yehu Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ageing of the vasculature is the fundamental cause for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial cells play an important role in ageing of the cardiovascular system, but the potential mechanisms of vascular ageing and the molecular changes of endothelial cells during ageing remain unclear. Here, we analyzed the cellular and molecular alterations of endothelial cells in young and aged aortas using single-cell transcriptome analysis. We identified 191 up-regulated genes and 282 down-regulated genes between old and young group. We found that most of the down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in normal biological pathways and some stress response pathways. Protein–protein interaction and transcription factor analysis revealed that AP-1 and Egr1 might be the key transcription factors related to vascular ageing. We proposed that ageing is resulted from the gradual loss of normal functional genes. Our research provides new ideas for further understanding the mechanism of ageing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of the global leadership initiative on malnutrition -GLIM- criteria to identify malnutrition in older adults: systematic review and meta-analyses","authors":"Gustavo Díaz ,&nbsp;Carla M. Prado ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Maria Paula Rugeles","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Malnutrition is highly prevalent among older subjects, yet no universal method for its identification has been established. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent and predictive validity of the GLIM criteria in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in five databases involving older adults (≥60 years). Concurrent validity utilizes reference nutritional assessment tools, while predictive validity focuses on key outcomes, including mortality, hospitalization, and healthcare costs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The search yielded 683 references. Thirteen hospital-based studies from four continents (<em>n</em> = 9164) met the inclusion criteria. GLIM implementation commonly used the MNA-SF for screening, while muscle mass was assessed with calf circumference, BIA, or DXA. The global prevalence of malnutrition, as reported by GLIM, ranged from 14.1% to 71.9%. A meta-analysis of four studies (<em>n</em> = 1221) showed that malnutrition diagnosis by GLIM criteria demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.69–0.86) and specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81–0.93), with moderate heterogeneity and no publication bias. Predictive validity analyses showed that malnutrition diagnosed by GLIM was associated with higher in-hospital and post-discharge mortality, lower ADL scores at discharge and follow-up, and longer hospital stays. Malnutrition was also associated with an increased risk of hospital complications and higher healthcare costs. No validation studies were found in nursing homes or community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The GLIM criteria appear suitable for identifying malnutrition in clinical settings and predicting key adverse outcomes. However, their application in community-dwelling and nursing home populations remains inconclusive until further evidence becomes available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reframing sarcopenia: the AWGS 2025 paradigm shift from disease to muscle health","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 106081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitality in older adults: A state-of-the-science review","authors":"Ilana I. Logvinov,&nbsp;Victoria Loerzel","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitality is increasingly recognized as a multidimensional biophysiological state influenced by physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and subjective factors. However, there is no consensus on its definition, and existing nursing theories and related constructs, such as quality of life and functional status, fail to fully capture its complexity. This state-of-the-science review synthesized findings from 35 research studies to examine how vitality is defined, assessed, and influenced in older adults. The review identified significant variability in measurement tools, with most instruments assessing only one or two domains of vitality. Key findings indicate that low-intensity physical activities, psychological well-being, social engagement, and good physical health enhance vitality, while chronic illness, isolation, and mental health challenges diminish it. Notable gaps include the lack of culturally inclusive research and inadequate integration of older adults’ perspectives. These findings underscore the need for a unified conceptual framework and comprehensive assessment tools that reflect the perceptions and experiences of older adults and support person-centered interventions to promote healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 106072"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-designing the Join4Joy approach to boost enjoyment and social inclusion for the increase of physical activity among older people in nursing homes and community settings: a qualitative study in Spain, Denmark, Germany, Italy and France","authors":"Andrea Fuente-Vidal ,&nbsp;Erika Karkauskiene ,&nbsp;Javier Jerez-Roig ,&nbsp;Ricard Castro-Prat ,&nbsp;Eduard Minobes-Molina ,&nbsp;Damaso Sanchez ,&nbsp;Nadine Barth ,&nbsp;Dhayana Dallmeier ,&nbsp;Dolores Forgione ,&nbsp;Paolo Caserotti ,&nbsp;Mathias Skjødt ,&nbsp;Guillaume Lefebvre ,&nbsp;Charlotte Bascompte-Soler ,&nbsp;Aimar Intxaurrondo-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Sergi Blancafort-Alias ,&nbsp;Ainhoa Nieto-Guisado ,&nbsp;José Luis Socorro-Cumplido ,&nbsp;Maria Giné-Garriga ,&nbsp;Laura Coll-Planas","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global ageing population faces significant health challenges linked to insufficient physical activity (PA). Although PA offers emotional, cognitive, and physical benefits, long-term participation among older adults remains low. Enhancing enjoyment may boost their motivation and sustain engagement, while improving inclusivity is essential to reach underserved groups. This study describes the process of co-designing strategies to enhance enjoyment and social inclusion in PA interventions for community-dwellers and nursing home residents, guided by the Octalysis gamification framework. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, we conducted 13 focus groups and 3 online individual interviews, with 98 participants in total, including 51 older adults, 29 formal caregivers, 5 family members, 10 policymakers, and 3 students, from Spain, Denmark, France, Germany, and Italy. Analysis revealed barriers such as fatigue, fear of injury, and social isolation, as well as facilitators including enjoyment, adaptability, and community support. Participants emphasized tailoring interventions to individual abilities and cultural contexts, integrating social connection, and fostering supportive environments. Stakeholders proposed innovative strategies to improve accessibility and enjoyment of PA. The findings underscore the value of co-design in meeting the needs of older adults and fostering a sense of ownership and commitment to PA programmes. Group-based initiatives will be able to benefit from the Join4Joy approach, which promotes enjoyment, improves movement behaviour, and mitigates social isolation. Following the co-design process, practical strategies are presented to increase PA and reduce sedentary behaviour, offering a pathway to more impactful, inclusive, and sustainable interventions for older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 106076"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145518341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}