Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Friends and trends: Friendship across life phases and cohorts","authors":"Erika Augustsson ,&nbsp;Roger Keller Celeste ,&nbsp;Stefan Fors ,&nbsp;Johan Rehnberg ,&nbsp;Carin Lennartsson ,&nbsp;Neda Agahi","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study describes how subjective frequency of contact with friends changes over the lifespan, whether it has increased across cohorts, and if later-born cohorts maintain this contact into older ages.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional data from individuals aged 15–97 collected between 1968 and 2021 were used to create an age pattern, analyse changes within age groups, and compare self-reported age trajectories of frequent contact with friends across birth cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reported frequency of contact with friends follows a clear age pattern: decreasing from young adulthood, plateauing in midlife, and decreasing again in older age. Later-born cohorts are more likely to report frequent contact with friends, but this difference converges in older age. There is no strong evidence that later-born cohorts maintain frequent contact with friends into old age, though upcoming cohorts may show changes in this trend.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>As life expectancy and overall health in older age improve, understanding the role of contact with friends in supporting well-being becomes increasingly important. The convergence of the frequency of contact with friends across cohorts in older age could lead to unmet expectations of social contact in upcoming cohorts. Therefore, continued research and proactive measures to support social interactions throughout the ageing process could enhance social connectedness in ageing populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual obstacle-avoidance training using daily-life obstacles with physical feedback in older people: A cross-over trial","authors":"Yixuan He ,&nbsp;Jamie Lee ,&nbsp;Juno Kim ,&nbsp;Matthew A. Brodie ,&nbsp;George Mitri ,&nbsp;Kimberley S. van Schooten ,&nbsp;Nigel H. Lovell ,&nbsp;Stephen R. Lord ,&nbsp;Yoshiro Okubo","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Failures in avoiding environmental hazards can lead to falls. We developed a virtual reality (VR) obstacle-avoidance training system that provides physical feedback upon foot contact with a virtual obstacle. This study aimed to assess whether physical feedback reduces obstacle collisions in older adults within a VR environment. Fifty-six participants (mean age 72.3 ± 5.4 (SD) years) wore an immersive VR head-mounted display and safety harness and walked on a split-belt treadmill in two 8-minute conditions performed in random order. They walked on a virtual suburban footpath, collecting virtual apples and avoiding slip-and-trip obstacles. In the perturbation condition (VR+<em>P</em>), foot-obstacle collisions were accompanied by immediate physical feedback via treadmill belt accelerations/decelerations. In the non-perturbation condition (VR-only), no physical feedback was provided. Obstacle collision rates and subjective acceptability were assessed. In the VR+<em>P</em> condition, participants had fewer obstacle collisions (0.63 versus 0.75), fewer trailing foot collisions (0.57 versus 0.68) and a greater margin of stability compared with the VR-only condition (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Participants reported significantly higher levels of anxiety and greater task difficulty for the VR+<em>P</em> condition (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Motion sickness was rarely reported, and enjoyment ratings were high, with no significant differences between the conditions. In summary, physical feedback reduced obstacle collisions and increased gait stability. The low levels of motion sickness and anxiety and high levels of enjoyment reported suggest that VR obstacle avoidance training is highly acceptable to older people. Future research is required to determine the generalisation of improved motor skills to real-world scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between frailty and the progression trajectories of stroke and dementia comorbidity: insights from observational and genetic analyses","authors":"Dongze Chen ,&nbsp;Yali Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Ji ,&nbsp;Yi Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhisheng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The relationship between frailty and the progression trajectories of stroke-dementia comorbidity remains inconclusive. This study aimed to determine whether there are associations between frailty and the progression trajectories of stroke-dementia comorbidity, including the transitions from enrollment to incident stroke/dementia, progression to stroke-dementia comorbidity, and ultimately to mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study was conducted based on the UK Biobank cohort. Frailty was assessed using the frailty index (FI) and categorized as robust (FI ≤ 0.10), prefrail (0.10 &lt; FI ≤ 0.25), or frail (FI &gt; 0.25). We used multi-state models and one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the relationships between frailty and the progression trajectories of stroke-dementia comorbidity. Population attributable fraction (PAF) analyses were conducted to assess the attributable risks of frailty and its components.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final analysis included 459,924 participants. In comparison to the robust, the frail group significantly elevated the risk of transitioning from enrollment to stroke [HR(95 %CI): 2.32(2.19–2.45)], from enrollment to dementia [2.56(2.31–2.83)], from enrollment to mortality [2.32(2.23–2.42)], from stroke to stroke-dementia comorbidity [1.59(1.23–2.05)], from dementia to stroke-dementia comorbidity [1.79(1.29–2.48)], and from stroke to mortality [1.25(1.11–1.40)]. MR analyses revealed that genetically predicted FI was causally associated with higher risks of stroke-dementia comorbidity. PAF analyses indicated that hypertension, diabetes, lung disease, and visual impairment were significant contributors to the risk of progression to stroke-dementia comorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings revealed that frailty status increases the risk of post-stroke dementia, offering important insights for the clinical management and public health strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 105862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic blood pressure patterns and their significance in aging","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105868","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 105868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic capacity and its dimensions in relation to functional ability in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yilin Cheng,&nbsp;Weiyao Li,&nbsp;Shuqin Xiao,&nbsp;Yuxin Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to explore the association between declines in intrinsic capacity and its individual domains with functional impairment in older adults and to compare the predictive ability of overall intrinsic capacity and its specific domains for functional disability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases from inception to December 26, 2024. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and evidence quality was evaluated using GRADE guidelines. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025634431).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This meta-analysis included 15 longitudinal studies with 53,648 participants. Declines in locomotion, cognition, psychological well-being, and vitality were significantly associated with increased Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability risk. Vision impairment also elevated ADL disability risk but hearing loss did not. Overall intrinsic capacity decline was linked to higher ADL disability risk (OR = 1.22, 95 % CI [1.16, 1.28]), with locomotion demonstrating stronger predictive power than overall intrinsic capacity. For instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability, declines in locomotion, cognition, psychological well-being, and vitality were significant risk factors. Sensory functions showed no significant association. Overall intrinsic capacity decline was strongly associated with IADL disability risk (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI [1.29, 1.54]), with no individual dimension showing significantly greater predictive power than overall intrinsic capacity. The GRADE evidence quality was rated as moderate.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirms the role of overall intrinsic capacity and its individual domains in predicting functional impairment in older adults. It also compares the predictive value of overall intrinsic capacity with that of its specific domains, identifying locomotion decline as a key driver of functional impairment. Future research should further explore the longitudinal interactions among multiple intrinsic capacity domains using standardized intrinsic capacity assessment methods to refine the theoretical framework of healthy aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring associations between dual sensory impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders: Insights from a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank","authors":"Hai-Hua Guo ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuang-Ling Han ,&nbsp;Ya-Nan Ou ,&nbsp;Yan Fu ,&nbsp;Pei-Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Qiong-Yao Li ,&nbsp;Hao-Chen Chi ,&nbsp;Wei Xu ,&nbsp;Lan Tan ,&nbsp;Hui-Fu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence of dual sensory impairment (DSI) characterized by comorbid hearing impairment (HI) and visual impairment (VI) is limited in neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using data from 169,165 UK Biobank participants, we compared cognition and mental health across the no sensory impairment, HI, VI, and DSI groups and investigated the association between the number of sensory impairments and neuropsychiatric disorders in longitudinal COX analyses. We also analyzed the associations of sensory function and its interaction with brain structure, functional connectivity, inflammatory markers, and metabolites and explored their mediating roles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DSI participants exhibited poor cognition and mental health, and had a higher risk of neuropsychiatric disorders compared to those with HI/VI alone. Both HI and VI were linked to atrophic changes in the hippocampus, thalamus, precuneus, parietal cortex, middle temporal gyrus, etc., and reduced white matter integrity. Brain regions associated with HI and VI exhibited decreased functional connectivity with other cortexes. Hearing and visual performance exhibit a significant interaction in relation to cognitive function, mental health, and metabolites. Brain structures, inflammation, and metabolic biomarkers significantly associated with HI and VI mediated the relationship between sensory impairments and cognition/mental health.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared to HI/VI alone, DSI is associated with poorer cognitive function, mental health, and a higher risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, potentially driven by the interaction between HI and VI. Additionally, HI and VI are linked to brain atrophy, reduced white matter integrity, and altered functional connectivity. Furthermore, brain structure, inflammation, and metabolic biomarkers mediate the relationship between sensory impairments and cognition/mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of health-related quality of life and their association with disability in older Australians","authors":"Syed Afroz Keramat ,&nbsp;Nhi Nguyen ,&nbsp;Danelle Kenny ,&nbsp;Rubayyat Hashmi ,&nbsp;Tracy Comans","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The relationship between various disabilities and the trajectories of HRQoL in older populations remains largely unexplored. Therefore, we aim to investigate the connections between HRQoL trajectories and different types of disabilities in older Australians.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study participants' HRQoL was measured using the SF-6D utility index. We applied the group-based trajectory model to identify distinct HRQoL trajectories and employed multinomial logistic regression to examine the relationship between HRQoL trajectories and various types of disabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified three distinct trajectories of HRQoL among older Australians: low-declining, moderate-declining, and high-stable HRQoL groups. We found evidence indicating that the relative risks of being in the low-declining HRQoL group are greater for all types of disabilities. Older Australians living with physical disabilities (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR]: 6.62, 95 % CI: 4.76–9.22), psychosocial disabilities (RRR: 14.06, 95 % CI: 2.85–69.46), and other disabilities (RRR: 4.64, 95 % CI: 3.51–6.12) face a higher relative risk of being in the low-declining HRQoL group compared to their counterparts. Similarly, older Australians with work-limiting disabilities (RRR: 15.96, 95 % CI: 11.99- 21.24), disability onset (RRR: 10.61, 95 % CI: 8.19- 13.75), and multiple disabilities (RRR: 19.12, 95 % CI: 13.96- 26.18) also have a higher relative risk of being in a low-declining HRQoL group compared to their counterparts. Conclusions: Our findings emphasise the urgent need for targeted interventions and support services for older Australians with physical, psychosocial, and work-limiting disabilities to address their elevated risk of declining HRQoL and enhance their overall well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphatidylcholine and frailty: a Mendelian randomization study and immune mediation","authors":"Qunhua Han ,&nbsp;Suisui Luo ,&nbsp;Shunmei Huang ,&nbsp;Yunmei Yang ,&nbsp;Qin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijun Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Lipid metabolism plays a significant role in the aging process, and the prevalence of frailty increases with advancing age. However, few studies have employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the associations between lipids and frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a bidirectional two-sample, two-step MR approach to explore the causal associations of 179 lipid species with the frailty index (FI) and the mediating effects of immune cells. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used primarily to evaluate the MR results. Heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were assessed via Cochran’s Q, the MR-Egger intercept, MR-PRESSO and leave-one-out analysis. Phenome-wide MR (Phe-MR) was used to analyse the potential roles of frailty-related phosphatidylcholine species in diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between PC species and FI. Specifically, PC (18:0_20:5), LPC (18:0_0:0), LPC (16:0_0:0), and ether-PC (O-16:0_22:5) are positively correlated with the FI, whereas PC(18:1_20:2), PC(16:0_18:3), PC(16:0_20:1), ether-PC (O-18:0_16:1), and ether-PC (O-16:1_16:0) are negatively correlated with the FI. Reverse MR analysis indicated no strong association between the FI and the nine PCs. Mediation analysis revealed that Sw mem %lymphocyte partially mediated the effect of LPC (18:0_0:0) on FI. Phe-MR analysis revealed that nine frailty-related PCs were broadly associated with various diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides novel evidence that supports the causal association between PC species and frailty, with the immune system playing a crucial role in this pathway. These findings offer new insights into potential targets for the intervention of frailty in the elderly population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between cumulative hs-CRP and all-cause mortality, with consideration of cardiometabolic mediators in middle-aged and elderly adults: Insights from observational study","authors":"Zhonghai Wang ,&nbsp;Qiaoqi Zheng ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Han Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Under a state of sustained relatively low inflammation, it is uncertain if cumulative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (cumhs-CRP) can predict all-cause mortality, and its impact on it through cardiometabolic factors is also unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a longitudinal national cohort study using CHARLS data. Specifically, we only included participants aged 45 and older with hs-CRP levels below 10mg/L in both 2012 and 2015. Cumhs-CRP derived through time-weighted averaging was employed as the key exposure. Death events were recorded as the primary outcome. All-cause mortality is defined as death occurring at any point from 2015 to 2018. Variables selection and interpretation were conducted by Boruta and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP). Further mediation analysis explored the possibility of cardiometabolic factors serving as mediators. Additional Mendelian randomization was conducted to demonstrate the robustness of the association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>5052 Chinese adults over 45 years of age with hs-CRP levels below 10mg/L over time were included. Boruta identified 16 possible variables, with SHAP confirming the importance of cumhs-CRP. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between cumhs-CRP and mortality (OR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.02 1.09, <em>p</em> = 0.003), and a linear relationship was observed (p-nonlinear = 0.184). Importantly, cumhs-CRP indirectly may affect the risk of death through systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and uric acid, with proportions of 17.4 %, 8.2 %, 5.2 %, and 17 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cumhs-CRP levels are associated with increased mortality risk, even in individuals with lower baseline levels. Regular monitoring of hs-CRP levels may aid in identifying individuals with elevated mortality risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 105861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive benefits of music in aerobic exercise: Evidence from a Bayesian network meta-analysis in adults with mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Yixue Quan ,&nbsp;Chi Yhun Lo ,&nbsp;Lee Wolff ,&nbsp;Jinyu Wang ,&nbsp;Kirk N. Olsen ,&nbsp;William Forde Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.105848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerobic exercise improves cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while dance, combining music and synchronized movement, offers additional cognitive benefits. Despite music's potential role in enhancing cognitive outcomes, most research on aerobic exercise has not considered the impact of accompanying music. This review compared the effectiveness of aerobic exercise with music, aerobic exercise without music, and dance on cognitive function in adults with MCI. A total of 38 papers from 25 randomized controlled trials (<em>N</em> = 2048) were synthesized. The multilevel meta-analyses showed that compared to the control group, global cognition was improved by aerobic exercise with music (<em>g</em> = 1.2 [0.47, 1.94]), aerobic exercise without music (<em>g</em> = 0.48 [0.18, 0.79]), and dance (<em>g</em> = 0.55 [0.13, 0.96]). Dance also enhanced short-term memory (<em>g</em> = 0.41 [0.24, 0.59]), learning efficiency (<em>g</em> = 0.39 [0.14, 0.65]), and retrieval fluency (<em>g</em> = 0.7 [0.19, 1.22]). Bayesian network meta-analyses indicated that aerobic exercise with music had the highest probability of being the most effective for improving global cognition, executive function, and processing speed. Dance was likely to be the most beneficial for enhancing short-term memory, learning efficiency, and retrieval fluency. This study supports that incorporating music in exercise amplifies the cognitive benefits beyond exercise alone for individuals with MCI. The “Music Exercise Synergy Model” is proposed to explain the cognitive benefits of combining music with exercise. Dance strategically uses music for coordination, offering psychological, social, cognitive, and neurobiological benefits and contributing to the observed enhancements in memory functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 105848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}