Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Bidirectional associations of grip strength-gait speed with mild cognitive impairment and specific cognitive abilities among older adults: A longitudinal analysis","authors":"Shijun Yang ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Peipei Fu ,&nbsp;Yihong Sun ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Chengchao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies showed that physical performance was associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). As the easily measured aging biomarkers, grip strength and gait speed could effectively reflect physical function. However, whether grip strength, gait speed, and the combination of the two were bidirectionally associated with MCI and specific cognitive function domains, have not been explored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The bidirectional relationships between grip strength and MCI, gait speed and MCI, and the combination of grip strength with gait speed and MCI, were examined by generalized estimating equation (GEE). GEE was performed to further estimate the bidirectional relationships between grip strength combined with gait speed and the five domains of cognitive function, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 2,227 older adults (3 waves) were included. The MCI risk was higher for low grip strength group (OR = 1.78; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to normal grip strength group, as well as higher for low gait speed group (OR = 1.71; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to normal gait speed group. Low grip strength combined with low gait speed had the maximum associations with MCI (OR = 4.13; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and decline in orientation, immediate memory, delayed memory, attention and calculation, and language. Older adults with MCI and decline in those five domains of cognition also longitudinally related to lower grip strength and lower gait speed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The main findings revealed the importance of regularly monitoring grip strength, gait speed, global cognition, and specific cognitive function domains among older people. Early interventions for grip strength, gait speed, and cognition function might achieve reciprocal benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 105733"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-based going-out program and dementia onset in Japanese older adults: A longitudinal observational study","authors":"Masanori Morikawa ,&nbsp;Kenji Harada ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kurita ,&nbsp;Chiharu Nishijima ,&nbsp;Kazuya Fujii ,&nbsp;Daisuke Kakita ,&nbsp;Yukari Yamashiro ,&nbsp;Naoto Takayanagi ,&nbsp;Motoki Sudo ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Shimada","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>With dementia prevalence rising globally among older adults, effective and scalable community-based interventions are urgently needed to reduce dementia onset. This study aimed to estimate the association of the going-out program with dementia onset in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 5-year longitudinal observational study was employed. Following a baseline assessment in 2015 and 2017, we observed 2,977 individuals engaging in a community-based going-out program for 12 months in Japan. Participants with continuous data over 12 months were defined as the engaged group, while those without such data were classified as the non-engaged group. After propensity score matching, 1,690 participants were selected. Dementia onset was obtained from the Japanese National Health Insurance and Later-Stage Medical Care System for 48-month follow-up. Incidence of dementia, absolute risk reduction (ARR), and number needed to treat (NNT) were calculated. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the effect of engagement in the program on dementia onset and to calculate a hazard ratio and 95 % confidential interval (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence of dementia onset was 59 out of 845 (7.0 %) in the non-engagement group and 34 out of 845 (4.0 %) in the engagement group. The ARR rate was 3.0 % (95 % CI 0.8, 5.2), and the NNT was 33 (95 % CI 19, 125). The hazard ratio was 0.57 (95 % CI 0.37, 0.86).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Engagement in the going-out program resulted in a 3.0 % reduction in the risk of dementia onset. The going-out program, which can be implemented in communities, holds potential efficacy in preventing dementia onset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105736"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of resistance training on inflammatory markers, body composition and functional capacity in healthy older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ali Nejatian Hoseinpour ,&nbsp;Minoo Bassami ,&nbsp;Sajad Ahmadizad ,&nbsp;Lars Donath ,&nbsp;Shayan Setayesh ,&nbsp;Meraj Mirzaei ,&nbsp;Gholam Rasul Mohammad Rahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>: Older adults experience chronic inflammation, which is associated with health conditions such as sarcopenia, and resulting in reduced functional capacity. Resistance training (RT) is a beneficial intervention for improving health in the elderly.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>: This study aimed to investigate the effect of RT on inflammatory biomarkers, body composition, and functional capacity in healthy adults aged 60 years and over. Additionally, this study conducted a meta-regression to investigate the moderating effect of exercise variables on inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>: Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched systematically until December 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the impact of RT on C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), body weight, BMI, fat percentage, fat mass, lean mass, leg extension strength and six-minute walk test (6-MWT) were included. Effect size was estimated by using the mean difference (MD) with 95 % confidence interval (CI).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>: Nineteen RTCs involving 728 participants were included. The results revealed that CRP levels significantly decreased following RT programs (MD:0.74, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.008), while TNF-α (MD: 0.1, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.95) and IL-6 (MD:0.27, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.12) did not show significant changes. Additionally, RT enhanced leg extension strength and 6-MWT performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>: RT effectively reduces CRP concentrations and enhances functional capacity in healthy older adults. However, it does not have a significant impact on TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Future researches are needed to make a clear conclusion and understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of RT in healthy older adults.</div><div><strong>Registration:</strong> The original protocol was registered (CRD42023487573) in PROSPERO database.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tea consumption and cognitive health in Chinese older adults: A propensity score matching and weighting analysis","authors":"Jie Huang ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Xu ,&nbsp;Yiqing Gu ,&nbsp;Hao Sun ,&nbsp;Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Yan He ,&nbsp;Mengjie Li ,&nbsp;Xin Gao ,&nbsp;Zaixiang Tang ,&nbsp;Hongfen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The association between tea consumption, especially different types, and cognitive function has not been adequately explored. This study aimed to investigate the associations of tea consumption, including status, frequency, and type, with cognitive function, considering selection bias.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2018(<em>N</em> = 8498). Cognitive function was measured by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Logistic and linear regression were applied to assess the associations of tea consumption with cognitive impairment and cognitive scores, respectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to balance characteristic differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The characteristics of tea consumption status, frequency and type were well balanced between groups after using PSM and IPTW. Drinking tea was associated with less cognitive impairment (OR_adjusted:0.84, OR_PSM:0.84, OR_IPTW:0.87) and higher cognitive scores (Coefficient_adjusted:0.29, Coefficient_PSM:0.33, Coefficient_IPTW:0.29). Regular tea drinkers may have better cognitive function than those who never or rarely consumed (<em>P</em>_trend &lt; 0.05 for both methods). Green tea drinkers had lower prevalence of cognitive impairment (OR_adjusted:0.71, OR_IPTW:0.75) and higher cognitive scores (Coefficient_adjusted:0.45, Coefficient_IPTW:0.54). Men, uneducated, and those with annual income&gt;10,000 RMB were more likely to benefit from flower tea. Significant interactions of tea consumption with age, education and income were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tea consumption, especially regular and green tea consumption, was associated with less cognitive impairment and higher cognitive scores, even after PSM and IPTW adjustments. Flower teas may have potential protective effect that is worth further study. Age, education and income have synergistic effects with tea consumption on cognitive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 105735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of PGAM5 hyperactivation reduces neuronal apoptosis in PC12 cells and experimental vascular dementia rats","authors":"Ding Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangcun Li ,&nbsp;Chunying Sun ,&nbsp;Canrong Chen ,&nbsp;Hongling Qin ,&nbsp;Xuzhou Wu ,&nbsp;Minghe Jiang ,&nbsp;Keqing Zhou ,&nbsp;Chun Yao ,&nbsp;Yueqiang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The incidence of vascular dementia (VaD), as one of the main types of dementia in old age, has been increasing year by year, and exploring its pathogenesis and seeking practical and effective treatment methods are undoubtedly the key to solving this problem. Phosphoglycerate translocase 5 (PGAM5), as a crossroads of multiple signaling pathways, can lead to mitochondrial fission, which in turn triggers the onset and development of necroptosis, and thus PGAM5 may be a novel target for the prevention and treatment of vascular dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Animal model of vascular dementia was established by Two-vessel occlusion (2-VO) method, and cellular model of vascular dementia was established by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) method. Neuronal damage was detected in <em>vivo</em> and in <em>vitro</em> in different groups using different concentrations of the PGAM5-specific inhibitor LFHP-1c, and necroptosis and mitochondrial dynamics-related factors were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In <em>vivo</em> experiments, 10 mg/kg^-1 and 20 mg/kg^-1 LFHP-1c improved cognitive deficits, reduced neuronal edema and vacuoles, increased the number of nissl bodies, and it could modulate the expression of Caspase family and Bcl-2 family related proteins and mRNAs and ameliorate neuronal damage. Simultaneously, in <em>vitro</em> experiments, 5 μM, 10 μM and 20 μM LFHP-1c increased the activity and migration number of model cells, reduced the number of apoptotic cells, ameliorated the excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, inhibited the over-activation of caspase-family and Bcl-2-family related proteins and mRNAs, and improved the mitochondrial dynamics of the fission and fusion states. Moreover, in <em>vivo</em> and in <em>vitro</em> experiments have shown that LFHP-1c can also upregulate the expression level of BDNF, inhibit the expression content of TNF-α and ROS, regulate the expression of proteins and mRNAs related to the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway and mitochondrial dynamics, and reduce neuronal apoptosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Inhibition of PGAM5 expression level can reduce neuronal damage caused by chronic cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, which mainly prevents necroptosis by targeting the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway and regulates the downstream mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis system to prevent excessive mitochondrial fission, thus improving cognition and exerting cerebroprotective effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 105732"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and prognostic value of dementia in atrial fibrillation patients in emergency departments: Insights from a national-wide multicenter registry study","authors":"Hanyang Liang,&nbsp;Jiangshan Tan,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Siqi Lyu,&nbsp;Shuang Wu,&nbsp;Juan Wang,&nbsp;Xinghui Shao,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Yanmin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) and dementia are two common comorbidities in emergency departments (ED) that can significantly affect patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and long-term impact of dementia on survival in patients with AF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study and consecutively recruited 2016 AF patients from 20 hospitals in China. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was stroke. Multivariate logistic regression and odds ratio (OR) were used to identify clinical factors associated with AF patients with dementia. Four multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with endpoints.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Totally, 2.2 % of AF patients were found to have dementia in ED. Older age (OR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.02–1.09, <em>P</em> = 0.005), coronary artery disease (OR 2.61, 95 % CI 1.21–6.05, <em>P</em> = 0.019), previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) (OR 5.67, 95 %CI 2.92–11.26, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and prior major bleeding (OR 3.89, 95 %CI 1.11–11.49, <em>P</em> = 0.021) were independent risk factors for patients with both AF and dementia. During one-year follow-up, Log-rank analysis presented that dementia decreased overall survival (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and had a higher incidence of stroke (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). After adjusting age, body mass index, blood pressure, type of AF, comorbidities and treatments, multivariate Cox models showed that dementia was independently associated with increased mortality and increasing risk of stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dementia significantly affects the survival and stroke incidence in AF patients. Prioritizing cognitive function screening and comprehensive care in ED is crucial for managing AF effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 105734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of social exclusion on the cognitive health of middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review","authors":"Paula Maria Fernandes Rodrigues,&nbsp;Alice Delerue-Matos","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the independent and joint effects of social exclusion in three specific domains—economic, social relations, and civic participation—on the cognitive health of middle-aged and older adults. Longitudinal studies from January 2000 to October 2023 were identified via Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed, with sixty-five studies meeting inclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed with Newcastle-Otawa Scale.</div><div>Analysis revealed a strong association between economic exclusion and cognitive decline, with most studies indicating a significant negative impact. Ten studies found a positive link between volunteering and cognitive health for civic participation, while eight did not, showing mixed evidence. In social relations, most studies connected loneliness, social isolation, smaller social networks, reduced contact with family and friends, lower engagement in activities, and negative social interactions with cognitive decline. Notably, one study found that older adults experiencing social exclusion in multiple domains simultaneously face even greater cognitive decline.</div><div>In summary, this review shows that social exclusion in economic, social relations, and civic participation and all together domains is associated with greater cognitive decline in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105730"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social frailty in older adults: A concept analysis","authors":"Anung Ahadi Pradana ,&nbsp;Robbert J.J. Gobbens ,&nbsp;Huei-Ling Chiu ,&nbsp;Chen-Ju Lin ,&nbsp;Shu-Chun Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Social frailty has been increasingly prevalent due to the aging populations. This concept is a relatively new topic in the gerontology. Older adults experiencing social isolation because of social frailty remain in a state of loneliness or depression. Many misconceptions exist regarding the association between social frailty and high levels of loneliness and depression in older adults, which may exacerbate their condition.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the concept of social frailty on the basis of method introduced by Rodgers and Knafl.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Rodgers and Knafl' evolutionary concept analysis</div></div><div><h3>Information sources</h3><div>PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase were searched for the terms “Social frailty” and “Elderly” OR “Older adults” OR “Aged.”</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 65 articles on social frailty were selected from 4 databases and subjected to concept analysis based on Rodgers and Knafl’ evolutionary concept. Data extraction and analysis adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The analysis yielded 4 domains (11 subdomains) of antecedents, 3 attributes, and 2 domains (28 subdomains) of consequences.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study findings contribute to a comprehensive and structured understanding of social frailty for health-care workers and the general public. Emphasizing the concept of social frailty can increase the levels of awareness and vigilance among health-care workers regarding the risks associated with social frailty in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysphagia development in heart failure patients: A scoping review","authors":"Mizue Suzuki ,&nbsp;Yoko Saino ,&nbsp;Shinsuke Nagami ,&nbsp;Junko Ueshima ,&nbsp;Tatsuro Inoue ,&nbsp;Ayano Nagano ,&nbsp;Fumiya Kawase ,&nbsp;Haruko Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Kenta Murotani ,&nbsp;Keisuke Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Dysphagia significantly affects older adults, particularly those with heart failure (HF). This scoping review aimed to delineate the development of dysphagia and its contributing factors in patients with HF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL databases up to September 2023, focusing on studies involving HF patients aged 60 and above, particularly those assessing post-hospitalization dysphagia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 1,076 identified studies, nine were relevant. The prevalence of dysphagia at admission was 23.6 % (14.1 - 32.9), with 9.4 % (4.5 - 13.8) persisting until discharge. The evaluation of dysphagia primarily relies on oral intake assessments, highlighting several risk factors, including high inflammation, low energy intake, advanced age, low Barthel Index scores, poor oral health, antipsychotic usage, and low maximum tongue pressure. It is important to note potential author bias and overlap among study populations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review highlights the significant development of dysphagia in patients with HF, and the prevalence of newly developed dysphagia was 23.6 % (14.1 - 32.9). Key risk factors include older age, high inflammation, low activities of daily living, and sarcopenia, which is suggested as a pathogenic mechanism in dysphagia. Future research should focus on diverse samples, investigate the impact of sarcopenia and cachexia, and objectively assess swallowing function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns, determinants, and outcomes of early use of antidementia drugs: A 6-year multicenter cohort study in Thailand","authors":"Sirayut Phatthanasobhon ,&nbsp;Noppaket Singkham ,&nbsp;Nat Na-Ek ,&nbsp;Yuttana Wongsalap ,&nbsp;Watchara Rattanachaisit ,&nbsp;Yaowaret Mekkhayai ,&nbsp;Kittipong Onseng ,&nbsp;Roungtiva Muenpa ,&nbsp;Pimsai Chindasu ,&nbsp;Piyarat Winitkulchai ,&nbsp;Pajaree Mongkhon","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence on antidementia drugs (ADD) use in developing countries, where accessibility to ADD is challenging, is limited. Our aim was to examine prescribing patterns, factors, and outcomes associated with the early-ADD use (within 3 months from diagnosis) in people with dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study included individuals aged ≥ 60 years with dementia from three hospitals in Thailand between 2015 and 2020. Participants were categorized as non-ADD users, early-ADD users, and delayed users. ADD switching and one-year persistence were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with early-ADD prescribing and its impact on clinical outcomes, including in-hospital death and hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>3,116 patients were included. The ADD prescription rate was 14.31 %, with 79.82 % of those being early-ADD users. Donepezil was the most prescribed (70.18 %). The one-year persistence rate of any ADD was 24.89 %. Factors associated with early-ADD use included the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme, dyslipidemia, and dementia type. Early-ADD use was associated with reduced in-hospital death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.46, 95 % CI: 0.22–0.96, <em>p</em> = 0.038) and hospitalization (adjusted OR = 0.70 95 % CI: 0.51–0.97, <em>p</em> = 0.034) after controlling for age, sex, and Charlson Comorbidity Index.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ADD prescription rates were relatively low, with a one-year persistence rate of 25 %. Early-ADD use may improve clinical outcomes by reducing hospitalization and in-hospital mortality. These findings provide clinical features of ADD used in real-world settings and highlight the need for adherence to practice standards and strategies to promote ADD persistence among individuals with dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 105727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}