Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive functioning and falls in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Daina L STURNIEKS ,&nbsp;Lloyd LY CHAN ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa ESPINOZA CERDA ,&nbsp;Carmen HERRERA ARBONA ,&nbsp;Beatriz HERRERO PINILLA ,&nbsp;Paula SANTIAGO MARTINEZ ,&nbsp;Nigel Wei SENG ,&nbsp;Natassia SMITH ,&nbsp;Jasmine C MENANT ,&nbsp;Stephen R LORD","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify which cognitive functions and specific neuropsychological assessments predict falls in older people living in the community.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five electronic databases were searched until 30/08/2022 for studies assessing the association between specific cognitive functions and faller status (prospective and retrospective), in community-dwelling older people. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses synthesised the evidence regarding the associations between different neurocognitive subdomains and faller status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-eight studies (20 retrospective, 18 prospective) involving 37,101 participants were included. All but one study was rated high or medium quality. Meta-analyses were performed with data from 28 studies across 11 neurocognitive subdomains and four specific neuropsychological tests. Poor cognitive flexibility, processing speed, free recall, working memory and sustained attention were significantly associated with faller status, but poor verbal fluency, visual perception, recognition memory, visuo-constructional reasoning and language were not. The Trail Making Test B was found to have the strongest association with faller status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Poor performance in neurocognitive subdomains spanning processing speed, attention, executive function and aspects of memory are associated with falls in older people, albeit with small effect sizes. The Trail Making Test, a free-to-use, simple assessment of processing speed and mental flexibility, is recommended as the cognitive screening test for fall risk in older people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal strategies for exercise intervention in older people diabetic patients: The impacts of intensity, form, and frequency on glycemic control","authors":"Xueru Yan ,&nbsp;Yujuan Lu ,&nbsp;Haoda Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Zhu ,&nbsp;Lan Tian ,&nbsp;Jishuai Chen ,&nbsp;Enpeng He ,&nbsp;Yingying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the optimal exercise intensity, type, and weekly duration for improving glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in older people individuals with diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and other databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) starting from January 2000 to February 2024 that reported improved effects on fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin after different exercises in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients. Meta-analyses Review Manager V.5.3 was used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Meta-analysis showed that moderate- and high-intensity exercise had a significant effect on HbA1c levels, with a mean difference (MD) of -0.34 (95 % CI: -0.44 ∼ -0.24, p &lt; 0.01) for moderate-intensity exercise and -0.54 (95 % CI: -0.78 ∼ -0.3, p &lt; 0.001) for high-intensity exercise.. Both moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise demonstrated statistical significance in lowering fasting blood glucose levels (p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, there was no significant difference between aerobic and resistance exercise forms (p= 0.72). Furthermore, for reducing HbA1c levels, engageing in weekly exercise for at least 2.5 hours showed a MD of-0.44(95 % CI:-0.63∼0.25;p&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, in terms of exercise intensity, medium and high-intensity exercise can significantly reduce HbA1c and FBG levels in middle-aged and older people diabetic patients; in terms of exercise form, the effects of different exercise forms within medium and high-intensity on HbA1c and FBG are not statistically significant; and in terms of exercise time, in moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, older people exercising for more than 2.5 h per week are more beneficial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of gut microbiota on cardiac aging","authors":"Zhiyi Yin ,&nbsp;Liyao Fu ,&nbsp;Yongjun Wang ,&nbsp;Shi Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has suggested imbalances in gut microbiota composition as contributors to cardiac aging. An individual's physical condition, along with lifestyle-associated factors, including diet and medication, are significant determinants of gut microbiota composition. This review discusses evidence of bidirectional associations between aging and gut microbiota, identifying gut microbiota-derived metabolites as potential regulators of cardiac aging. It summarizes the effects of gut microbiota on cardiac aging diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential anti-aging effects of modifying gut microbiota composition through dietary and pharmacological interventions. Lastly, it underscores critical knowledge gaps and outlines future research directions. Given the current limited understanding of the direct relationship between gut microbiota and cardiac aging, there is an urgent need for preclinical and clinical investigations into the mechanistic interactions between gut microbiota and cardiac aging. Such endeavors hold promise for shedding light on the pathophysiology of cardiac aging and uncovering new therapeutic targets for cardiac aging diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105639"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003157/pdfft?md5=1ccddd77fb79ed7268f5e33342faf793&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003157-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the prevalence of loneliness and associated risk factors among older adults across six continents: A meta-analysis","authors":"Sri Susanty ,&nbsp;Nadirawati Nadirawati ,&nbsp;Agus Setiawan ,&nbsp;Hartiah Haroen ,&nbsp;Sandra Pebrianti ,&nbsp;Hasniatisari Harun ,&nbsp;Danur Azissah ,&nbsp;Jipri Suyanto ,&nbsp;Made Ary Sarasmita ,&nbsp;Roselyn Chipojola ,&nbsp;Madalitso Khwepeya ,&nbsp;Kondwani Joseph Banda","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Globally, loneliness is a growing public health concern associated with poor mental and physical health among older adults. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the prevalence of loneliness and associated risk factors among older adults across six continents.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and references lists were comprehensively searched until April 2024. Data analysis was performed using Logit Transformation model in R-Software for pooled prevalence and DerSimonian-Lard random-effects model in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis for associated factors of loneliness. Heterogeneity was quantified by <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span> and <strong>τ</strong>² statistics. The funnel plot and Egger's regression test assessed publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 70 studies with 462,083 older adults were included. The pooled prevalence of loneliness was 26 % (95 %CI, 23 %–30 %) with 38 % for North America, 34 % for Africa, 32 % for Asia and South America, 23 % for Europe, and 13 % for Oceania. Cognitive impairment (2.98; 95 %CI, 1.30–6.81)<strong>,</strong> poor health (2.35; 95 %CI, 1.59–3.45), female (1.92; 95 %CI, 1.53–2.41), depression (1.74; 95 %CI, 1.40–2.16), widowed (1.67; 95 %CI, 1.13–2.48), single (1.51; 95 %CI, 1.06–2.17), institutionalization (2.95; 95 %CI, 1.48–5.88), rural residency (1.18; 95 %CI, 1.04–1.34) were associated with increased risk of loneliness. Being married (0.51; 95 %CI, 0.31–0.82), male (0.55; 95 %CI, 0.43–0.70), and non-institutionalization (0.34; 95 %CI, 0.17–0.68) were associated with lower risk of loneliness.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Approximately, three among ten older adults aged ≥ 60 years are lonely worldwide. Early detection, prevention, and management of loneliness among older adults should consider diverse needs using gender-specific approaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003030/pdfft?md5=33f3a07fc01c7f2151eb156bdcef8878&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003030-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies for preventing frailty in older people: An umbrella review","authors":"Junko Ueshima ,&nbsp;Fumihiko Nagano ,&nbsp;Hidetaka Wakabayashi ,&nbsp;Keisuke Maeda ,&nbsp;Hidenori Arai","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to synthesize and assess evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for older adults, including those with prefrailty and frailty.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><p>A comprehensive review of randomized trials and cohort studies on non-pharmacological interventions for individuals aged ≥60 was conducted using MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science through April 2023.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 285 papers screened, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Participants aged 62–98 years were studied across 42,917 individuals. Four systematic reviews (SR) focused on healthy older adults, seven on prefrailty, and eleven on frailty. Interventions included exercise therapy (7 articles), nutritional therapy (3 articles), exercise games (1 article), and combined exercise and nutritional therapy (2 articles). Non-pharmacological interventions showed improvement in frailty in 1 out of 1 SR and prevention of frailty progression in 3 out of 4 SRs. Improvements in physical function were noted in 9 out of 12 SRs, muscle strength in 8 out of 11, and muscle mass in 4 out of 6. Exercise interventions enhanced strength, mass, and function in older adults, including those with prefrailty or frailty, whether alone or combined with other components. Combined exercise and nutritional therapy were found to be more effective than monotherapy. Outcomes related to falls, cognitive function, and quality of life were controversial, and no positive effect on mortality was observed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Exercise therapy, including multicomponent interventions, can prevent frailty and improve physical function, strength, and muscle mass. Nutritional therapy has some advantages, but its combination with exercise therapy is recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003042/pdfft?md5=2181460dc4cb0e79e064b7c1178d8800&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003042-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic capacity transitions as predictors of frailty transitions in community-dwelling older adults: Findings from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study","authors":"Hyun Jin Cho ,&nbsp;Heeeun Jung ,&nbsp;Chang Won Won ,&nbsp;Miji Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Frailty is associated with reduced intrinsic capacity (IC). However, studies evaluating longitudinal transitions between IC and frailty are limited. We conducted longitudinal analyses to investigate the association between intrinsic capacity (IC) and frailty transitions among community-dwelling older adults in Korea.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 2,345 older adults who completed baseline and two-year follow-up surveys were selected from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. IC was measured in five domains: locomotion, vitality, cognition, psychology, and sensory function. Frailty was defined using the Fried frailty phenotype. Transitions in IC and frailty were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between baseline IC, IC transitions, and frailty transitions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>During the two-year follow-up, 17.8 % of participants improved, 20.4 % worsened, and 61.8 % maintained the same frailty status. Low IC (odds ratio [OR]=1.93; 95 % confidence interval [CI]=1.42–2.61) significantly predicted remaining frail or worsening frailty. Worsened IC increased the risk of remaining frail or worsening frailty, whereas improved IC decreased this risk. Among the IC domains, the onset of new locomotion (OR=3.33; 95 % CI=2.39–4.64), vitality (OR=2.12; 95 % CI=1.55–2.91), and psychological (OR=3.61; 95 % CI=2.64–4.92) impairment predicted remaining frail or worsening frailty.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Low and worsened IC were associated with an increased risk of remaining frail or worsening frailty over two years. These findings indicate that changes in IC can predict frailty transitions, thereby emphasizing the importance of enhancing IC in preventing frailty progression.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003133/pdfft?md5=4089f3c9cab012777ae7e7c7250378fd&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003133-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of strong anticholinergic use in residents with and without cognitive impairment and frailty: Analysis from 106 nursing homes in 12 Asia-Pacific and European countries","authors":"Amanda J. Cross ,&nbsp;Emanuele R. Villani ,&nbsp;Agathe D. Jadczak ,&nbsp;Kaisu Pitkälä ,&nbsp;Shota Hamada ,&nbsp;Meng Zhao ,&nbsp;Marta Gutiérrez-Valencia ,&nbsp;Ulla Aalto ,&nbsp;Laura A. Dowd ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Shin J. Liau ,&nbsp;Rosa Liperoti ,&nbsp;Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ,&nbsp;Choon Ean Ooi ,&nbsp;Graziano Onder ,&nbsp;Kate Petrie ,&nbsp;Hanna M. Roitto ,&nbsp;Victoria Roncal-Belzunce ,&nbsp;Riitta Saarela ,&nbsp;Nobuo Sakata ,&nbsp;J. Simon Bell","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>There is a need to balance the benefits and risks associated with strong anticholinergic medications in older adults, particularly among those with frailty and cognitive impairment. This study explored the international prevalence of strong anticholinergic medication use in residents of nursing homes with and without cognitive impairment and frailty.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Secondary, cross-sectional analyses of data from 5,800 residents of 106 nursing homes in Australia, China, Czech Republic, England, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, and Spain were conducted. Strong anticholinergic medications were defined as medications with a score of 2 or 3 on the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale. Dementia or cognitive impairment was defined as a documented diagnosis or using a validated scale. Frailty was defined using the FRAIL-NH scale as 0–2 (non-frail), 3–6 (frail) and 7–14 (most-frail). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, 17.4 % (n = 1010) residents used ≥1 strong anticholinergic medication, ranging from 1.3 % (n = 2) in China to 27.1 % (n = 147) in Italy. The most prevalent strong anticholinergics were quetiapine (n = 290, 5.0 % of all residents), olanzapine (132, 2.3 %), carbamazepine (102, 1.8 %), paroxetine (88, 1.5 %) and amitriptyline (87, 1.5 %). Prevalence was higher among residents with cognitive impairment (n = 602, 17.9 %) compared to those without (n = 408, 16.8 %), and among residents who were most frail (n = 553, 17.9 %) compared to those who were frail (n = 286, 16.5 %) or non-frail (n = 171, 17.5 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>One in six residents who were most frail and living with cognitive impairment used a strong anticholinergic. However, there was a 20-fold variation in prevalence across the 12 countries. Targeted deprescribing interventions may reduce potentially avoidable medication-harm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003121/pdfft?md5=4af0421a68b14f894d007038945432d7&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the frailty index in predicting short-term and long-term mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure","authors":"Xia Lin ,&nbsp;Sha Huang ,&nbsp;Zhouyu Li ,&nbsp;Yukuan Xie ,&nbsp;Yan Xia ,&nbsp;Youguo Tan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study explored the effectiveness of a newly constructed frailty index (FI) for predicting short-term and long-term mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (HF).</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>This retrospective study included inpatients aged ≥60 years diagnosed with chronic HF at a teaching hospital in western China. General data on the patients were collected from the electronic medical record system between January 1, 2017, and July 7, 2022, and death information was obtained from follow-up calls made from July 31, 2022, to August 1, 2022. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the accuracy of the FI in predicting death in patients with chronic HF. Logistic regression (during hospitalization and within 30 days after discharge) and Cox regression (within 180 days after discharge and one year after discharge) analyses were used to assess associations between frailty and mortality risk in elderly patients with chronic HF.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 432 patients with chronic HF were included in the study. The non-frail group had FI values &lt;0.3, while the FI values in the frail group were ≥0.3. Overall, 130 patients (30.09 %) were diagnosed with frailty, 66 (15.28 %) died during hospitalization or within 30 days after discharge, 55 (12.73 %) died within 180 days after discharge, and 68 (15.74 %) died within one year after discharge. The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates, the 180-day mortality rates, and the 1-year mortality rates were higher in frail patients than in non-frail patients (in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates, 37.69 % vs. 5.63 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; within 180 days, 30.61 % vs. 8.45 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; within 1 year, 34.69 % vs. 11.49 %, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values of FI for predicting in-hospital and 30-day mortality after discharge were 0.804, with values of 0.721 for 180-day mortality after discharge and 0.720 for 1-year mortality after discharge. Logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders indicated that frail HF patients had a higher risk of death during hospitalization and within 30 days than non-frail patients (odds ratio [OR] = 4.98, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.46–10.09). Cox regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders showed that frail HF patients had a higher risk of death within 180 days (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.63, 95 %CI: 1.47–4.72) and within 1 year (HR = 2.01, 95 %CI: 1.19–3.38).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of this study showed that the new FI constructed according to the established construction rules could predict the in-hospital mortality and the risk of death within 30 days after discharge, 180 days after discharge, and 1 year after discharge in patients with chronic HF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105635"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016749432400311X/pdfft?md5=dabd175b314cea4d2aa0f9d570e125c7&pid=1-s2.0-S016749432400311X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different exercise types on vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults – A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Qin Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Gao ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Peizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Study Objectives</h3><p>Against the current backdrop of population ageing, the correlation between cardiovascular diseases and endothelial dysfunction is increasingly important. Exercise, a simple and accessible method of preventing and ameliorating numerous diseases, has been demonstrated to significantly enhance endothelial function. This study aimed to assess the effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), combined exercise (CE) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on vascular endothelial function in middle-aged and older adults. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a non-invasive ultrasound technique used to measure endothelial function. Direct and indirect comparisons were used to determine which exercise modality most effectively improved vascular endothelial function in this demographic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis examined randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of four different exercise interventions (AE, RE, CE and HIIT) to a control intervention on FMD in middle-aged and older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis included 20 RCTs involving 1,123 participants. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) analysis indicated that AE was the most effective in improving FMD (SUCRA = 68.9 %), followed by HIIT (SUCRA = 62.5 %), RE (SUCRA = 58.8 %), CE (SUCRA = 54.9 %) and CON (SUCRA = 4.9 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This network meta-analysis of various interventions for FMD in middle-aged and older adults found that AE was the most effective in improving FMD (SUCRA = 68.9 %). These findings suggest that AE could be a valuable intervention in clinical practice for enhancing vascular health in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105624"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003005/pdfft?md5=a39598e6dd53fd04bcd2132170c91231&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003005-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142238772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interplay between nighttime/midday sleep duration and the number of new-onset chronic diseases: A decade-long prospective study in China","authors":"Wenfeng Lu ,&nbsp;Jin Yang ,&nbsp;Jingwen Liu ,&nbsp;Lemeng Ma ,&nbsp;Rui Wu ,&nbsp;Chunrui Lou ,&nbsp;Bingxin Ma ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenli Lu ,&nbsp;Qi Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the interplay between individual nighttime and midday sleep duration and the number of new-onset chronic diseases and determine the optimal sleep duration associated with lowest number of new-onset chronic diseases.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) covering a decade and involving 10,828 participants. A random intercept cross-lagged model was used to explore the interplay between nighttime/midday sleep durations and new-onset chronic diseases at both the within-individual and between-individual levels, followed by a dose–response analysis at the between-individual level to determine the optimal sleep duration. New-onset chronic diseases include 14 types of self-reported diseases diagnosed by doctors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Within-individual analysis revealed that increased nighttime/midday sleep duration led to a higher number of new-onset chronic diseases, and an increased number of new-onset chronic diseases resulted in decreased nighttime sleep duration. Between nighttime and midday sleep, one type of sleep duration increase was likely to lead to an increase in another type. Between-individual analysis found a nonlinear relationship between the number of new-onset chronic diseases and nighttime sleep duration, identifying the optimal nighttime sleep duration as 7.46 h.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings elucidate the interplay between sleep duration and number of new-onset chronic diseases and underscore the need for public awareness and comprehensive interventions. Future studies should focus on refining sleep monitoring and exploring the sleep–chronic diseases nexus in greater depth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167494324003029/pdfft?md5=8722c6d5bee87c2be2c0caefd2e49b32&pid=1-s2.0-S0167494324003029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}