Archives of oral biology最新文献

{"title":"Dental plaque as an extra-gastric reservoir of Helicobacter pylori: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Pradeep S. Anand ,&nbsp;Kavitha P. Kamath ,&nbsp;Aravind P. Gandhi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Aaqib Shamim ,&nbsp;Bijaya K. Padhi ,&nbsp;Sakshi Das","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) aimed to determine whether the presence of H. pylori in dental plaque is associated with gastric H. pylori infection.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Search for the relevant literature was done in various databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane till September 21, 2023. The studies were screened for outcome of interest i.e. gastric <em>H. pylori</em> infection and exposure of interest i.e. <em>H. pylori</em> positivity in dental plaque. The pooled results of the study outcomes were evaluated using Odds Ratio (OR), accompanied by a 95 % confidence interval (CI). To evaluate the heterogeneity among studies, I² statistics were utilized, with an I² exceeding 50 % indicating a significant to high variation. In cases where I² was greater than 50 %, a random-effects model (specifically, the Der Simonian and Laird method) was employed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 27 observational studies and 2408 participants were included. The pooled OR of the <em>H. pylori</em> positivity in dental plaque among the patients with <em>H. pylori</em> positivity in stomach was 3.80 (95 % CI 2.24; 6.43), with high heterogeneity (I²= 69 %, p&lt;0.01). Sensitivity analysis after removing the outliers reduced the heterogeneity significantly (I²=22 %, p=0.16). Meta-regression revealed that the strength of association did not vary according to the year of study or the sample size included in the studies. Overall certainty of the evidence was low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present meta-analysis showed that the presence of gastric <em>H. pylori</em> infection was higher among patients with <em>H. pylori</em> in dental plaque compared to patients without <em>H. pylori</em> in dental plaque. Presence of <em>H. pylori</em> infection in dental plaque can have implications in the management of <em>H. pylori</em> infection as dental plaque can serve as a reservoir from which the microorganism can recolonize the gastric mucosa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 106126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of loxoprofen on impaired water-evoked swallows in a pharyngitis rat model","authors":"Mari Fukuzaki ,&nbsp;Chihiro Nakatomi ,&nbsp;Sayaka Kubo ,&nbsp;Tomoki Shimada ,&nbsp;Keiko Tsuji ,&nbsp;Chia-Chien Hsu ,&nbsp;Tatsuo Kawamoto ,&nbsp;Kentaro Ono","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs; e.g., loxoprofen) on pharyngitis-induced dysphagia in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A pharyngitis rat model was generated by topical application of acetic acid to the laryngopharyngeal region. Changes in water swallowing were evaluated by endoscopic observation over time. A histological analysis of the laryngopharyngeal mucosa was performed. The effects of loxoprofen, antibacterial drugs, and transient receptor potential (TRP) channel inhibitors were investigated in model rats.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After acetic acid treatment, water-evoked swallowing was impaired on day 1 (prolonging the swallowing latency and interval and decreasing the number of swallows), and recovered until day 6. Administration of loxoprofen significantly alleviated impaired water swallowing. Histologically, loxoprofen significantly improved inflammation of the pharynx, including submucosal edema, but did not affect the loss of taste bud-like structures in the arytenoid. In contrast, the administration of antibacterial drugs or TRP channel inhibitors did not affect the impairment of water swallowing in the model group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These results demonstrate the efficacy of systemic administration of loxoprofen in improving swallowing impairment in a pharyngitis model rat. This study is the first to provide scientific evidence for the use of NSAIDs in the management of pharyngitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameloblastin binding to biomimetic models of cell membranes – A continuum of intrinsic disorder","authors":"Garry W. Buchko ,&nbsp;Natalie C. Kegulian ,&nbsp;Janet Moradian-Oldak","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>A 37-residue amino acid sequence corresponding to the segment encoded by exon-5 of murine ameloblastin (Ambn), AB2 (Y67-Q103), has been implicated with membrane association, ameloblastin self-assembly, and amelogenin-binding. Our aim was to characterize, at the residue level, the structural behavior of AB2 bound to chemical mimics of biological membranes using NMR spectroscopy.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>To better define the structure of AB2 using NMR-based methods, recombinant ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labelled AB2 (*AB2) was prepared and data collected free in solution and with deuterated dodecylphosphocholine (dPC) micelles, deuterated bicelles, and both small and large unilamellar vesicles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Amide chemical shift and intensity perturbations observed in ¹H-¹⁵N HSQC spectra of *AB2 in the presence of bicelles and dPC micelles suggest that a region of *AB2, S6-E36 (murine Ambn S68 – E98), associates with the membrane biomimetics. A CSI-3 analysis of the NMR chemical shift assignments for *AB2 free in solution and bound to dPC micelles indicated the peptide remains disordered except for the adoption of a short, 12-residue α-helix, F10-G21 (murine Ambn F72-G83). In dPC micelles, the NOE NMR data was void of patterns characteristic of long-lived helical structure indicating this helix was transient in nature.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A continuum of intrinsic disorder in the membrane-bound state may be responsible for ameloblastin’s ability to dynamically interact with multiple partners at the same site during amelogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption and release pattern of recombinant human bone morphogenic proatin 2 onto different bone grafts and its consequent osteoblasts` activation and neutrophils` priming","authors":"Adir Cohen ,&nbsp;Tom Avraham Verkauf ,&nbsp;Nardy Casap ,&nbsp;Tali Chackartchi ,&nbsp;David Polak","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Controlled long-term delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenic proatin 2 (rhBMP2) eluted in a collagen scaffolds suffer from only a high initial burst release. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the long-term delivery of rhBMP2 when mixed with different bone grafts and its impact on osteoblastic activity and neutrophil priming.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>rhBMP2 was separately mixed with xenograft, allograft, or alloplast and incubated for 30 days. Levels of BMP2 adsorption and their release were measured using immunofluorescence and ELISA respectively. The supernatants from the grafts were then incubated with either osteoblast (Saos-2 cells) or neutrophils (differentiated from HL60) for alkaline phosphatase and oxidative stress measurements respectively. Gene expression of osteoblast functionality and neutrophil priming were measured with qRT-PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>rhBMP2 was adsorbed onto all tested grafts, with a superior effect of alloplast. The release of the rhBMP2 from all grafts was similar and sustained for 30 days with the lowest levels in the alloplast group. Activation of osteoblast was robust in the allograft and xenograft groups, concomitant with elevated osteocalcin expression. Neutrophil priming was greatest in the xenograft group, together with elevated expression of interleukin 1β.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>rhBMP2 with bone graft material constitutes its sustained release over time. This, in turn, robust osteoblast and neutrophil activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced autophagy exacerbates abnormal lung homeostasis: An in vivo and in vitro study","authors":"Qian Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenyue Li ,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Hongjia Yang,&nbsp;Xueyuan Wang,&nbsp;Zhaoyue Ding,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liu,&nbsp;Zuomin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis)</em> infection on lung homeostasis and to explore the underlying mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Designs</h3><div>In <em>in vivo</em> experiments, twelve mice were divided into two groups. The <em>P. gingivalis</em> infection group received <em>P. gingivalis</em> around the maxillary second molar, and the control group was left untreated. After 12 weeks, the histopathological changes of the lung tissue and the autophagy and apoptosis in the lung tissue cells were detected. In <em>in vitro</em> experiments, alveolar epithelial cell A549 was co cultured with <em>P. gingivalis</em> and treated with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Western blot was then used to detect autophagic markers LC3 and P62, and mRFP-GFP-LC3 was used to observe autophagic flux. Cell viability and apoptosis were also detected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the <em>in vivo</em> experiments, pathological changes were observed in the lung tissue of the <em>P. gingivalis</em> infection group at 12 weeks, along with higher levels of autophagy and apoptosis in the lung tissue cells. For the <em>in vitro</em> experiments, infection of alveolar epithelial cells with <em>P. gingivalis</em> inhibited cell viability and promoted cell autophagy and apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that inhibiting <em>P. gingivalis-</em>activated autophagy significantly improved cell apoptosis and viability damage induced by <em>P. gingivalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Periodontal <em>P. gingivalis</em> infection can cause pathological changes and abnormal homeostasis in lung tissue, and the up-regulation of autophagy induced by <em>P. gingivalis</em> may play a synergistic role in this process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acidic/abrasive challenges on simulated non-carious cervical lesions development and morphology","authors":"Giovanna C. Denucci ,&nbsp;Ian Towle ,&nbsp;Cecilia P. Turssi ,&nbsp;George J. Eckert ,&nbsp;Anderson T. Hara","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This in vitro investigation assessed how frequency of erosive challenges and duration of toothbrushing abrasion influenced non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) development and morphology. Design: Experimental units were prepared using extracted human premolars assigned to four erosive-abrasive frequency protocols (n=16): F0. No acid exposure (negative control), F2.5 K. Acid exposure (1 % citric acid at natural pH) every 2500, F5K. 5000 and F15K. 15000 brushing-strokes. All groups were brushed for 55000 total brushing-strokes. Three-dimension images of the teeth were captured at baseline, after 15000, 35000 and 55000 brushing-strokes, using an intraoral scanner (TRIOS4, 3Shape). WearCompare software (Leeds Digital Dentistry) was used to analyze volumetric tooth loss (mm³) by superimposition followed by subtraction analysis. Lesion angle was measured (ImageJ, NIH) and morphology visually classified. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher’s Exact tests adopting two-sided 5 % significance level. Results: Tooth loss increased with brushing-strokes overall (p&lt;0.001) and for each erosive-abrasive protocol (p&lt;0.001). Acid exposure significantly increased tooth loss (p&lt;0.001), regardless of brushing interval (p&lt;0.001), however by 35000 strokes no tooth loss difference was observed among acid-exposed groups (p&gt;0.05). Control had significantly sharper mean lesion angle (59°) than all acid-exposed groups (∼145°) (p&lt;0.001), and significantly different lesion shape with 94 % wedge-shaped lesions versus 0 %, respectively (p&lt;0.001). In contrast to the control, acid exposure was associated to more striated lesions. Conclusions: Simulated NCCLs developed and progressed differently and more rapidly in the presence of acidic challenges, regardless of their frequency. Exposure to acid impacted the morphology of lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of quercetin on mineralized dental tissues: A scoping review","authors":"Gabriel Pereira Nunes ,&nbsp;Renata de Oliveira Alves ,&nbsp;Matheus Henrique Faccioli Ragghianti ,&nbsp;Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado ,&nbsp;Priscila Toninatto Alves de Toledo ,&nbsp;Tamires Passadori Martins ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Miranda Vieira ,&nbsp;Geórgia Rondó Peres ,&nbsp;Cristiane Duque","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review (SR) aimed to investigate the impact of quercetin on mineralized dental tissues intended to be used in preventive and restorative dentistry.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This SR was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR statement. A comprehensive search was performed across databases for articles published up to March 2024. Eligible studies included <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in situ</em> studies and evaluating the potential therapeutic effects of quercetin on dental enamel and dentin. Data were extracted, and synthesis of study findings was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of the 2322 records screened, 22 studies were included in the review. Quercetin, in solution or into dental materials increased the bond strength to enamel and dentin. Additionally, quercetin also enhanced the bond strength of enamel after bleaching. Co-administration of quercetin with fluoride prevented erosive wear and inhibited the proteolytic activity in dentin more effectively than either agent alone. Hardness and modulus of elasticity was higher in dentin treated with quercetin compared to placebo. Reduction of nanoleakage at the composite-dentin interface was reduced in the presence of quercetin as a solution or incorporated into dental adhesives.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Quercetin exhibits promising therapeutic effects on mineralized dental tissues, including remineralization and enhancement of bond strength. It shows potential as a multifunctional agent for improving the longevity and effectiveness of dental biomaterials, as well as in preventing erosion and dental caries. However, as these conclusions are largely drawn from lab-based (<em>in vitro</em>) studies, further research, including clinical trials, is needed to fully explore its therapeutic potential and applications in dentistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allyl isothiocyanate suppressed periodontal tissue destruction in mice via bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory activities against Porphyromonas gingivalis","authors":"Yukako Minato,&nbsp;Yukari Aoki-Nonaka,&nbsp;Hnin Yu Lwin,&nbsp;Daiki Ando,&nbsp;Yuko Warita,&nbsp;Aoi Matsugishi-Nasu,&nbsp;Takumi Hiyoshi,&nbsp;Naoki Takahashi,&nbsp;Koichi Tabeta","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a phytochemical that is abundantly present in cruciferous vegetables, such as wasabi and mustard. Among its pharmacological properties, it demonstrates anticancer, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to investigate the functions of AITC against periodontopathic bacteria and its effects on a mouse model of periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The antimicrobial and antibiofilm functions of AITC were assessed against <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum,</em> and <em>Streptococcus mitis</em>. To clarify its anti-inflammatory effects, macrophage-like cells from THP-1 were stimulated with <em>P. gingivalis</em> lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the release of inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by ELISA. Experimental periodontitis was induced in 9-week-old mice by ligation and oral infection of <em>P. gingivalis</em>, and AITC was injected into the gingiva once daily for 8 days. Alveolar bone resorption was evaluated by measuring the exposed root area. Gene expressions in the periodontal tissue were analyzed via qPCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AITC exerted weak bacteriostatic effects against <em>P. gingivalis,</em> inhibiting biofilm formation. AITC also impeded the production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α induced by <em>P. gingivalis</em> LPS. Additionally, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1) channel agonist inhibited the anti-inflammatory effects of AITC. In vivo, AITC inhibited alveolar bone destruction and decreased the gene transcription of <em>Il6</em> in the periodontal tissue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AITC exerted weak bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory effects against <em>P. gingivalis,</em> reducing alveolar bone destruction and suppressing the inflammatory response in experimental periodontitis. Therefore, AITC may serve as a valuable adjunct in controlling periodontal disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How malocclusion interferes with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression and morphology of the articular cartilage of the mandible in female rats","authors":"Carolina Brioschi Mathias ,&nbsp;Rebeca Ferreira Badaró ,&nbsp;Willian Grassi Bautz ,&nbsp;Leticia Nogueira da Gama-de-Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate morphological alterations and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression in the articular cartilage of the mandible under conditions of experimentally induced malocclusion.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Twenty-four 8-week-old female Wistar rats were used and divided into control and experimental groups with two different treatment periods (2 and 4 weeks). Sagittal malocclusions were orthodontically created, causing mesial movement of the first molars and distalization of the third molars unilaterally and on opposite sides of the arches. Sagittal sections of the articular cartilage of the mandible were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. Chi-square and Mann<img>Whitney U tests were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Animals treated for 2 and 4 weeks showed morphological alterations in articular cartilage of the mandible. The main findings were thickening of the posterior third, layer derangement, osteoclast activity and osteophyte formation. Among the cellular aspects, the presence of chondrocytes with condensed nuclei and cytoplasm reduction were observed. The enzyme in control animals was observed only in the mature layer. Treated animals showed immunopositive cells in the proliferative and mature layers, and in the 2-week treated group, the posterior third of the cartilage had more immunolabeled cells than control (<em>P=0.0291</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The occlusal disorder caused morphological changes in articular cartilage of the mandible, probably due to the attempt to adapt to the new condition. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 expression may play a role as an initial modulator in the biological events observed in articular cartilage of the mandible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142540343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The important role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in small molecules mediated gingival mesenchymal stem cells transdifferentiate into neuron-like cells","authors":"Qiuying Liang ,&nbsp;Chuhan Zhang ,&nbsp;Peiyi Lv ,&nbsp;Yongmao Huang ,&nbsp;Hang Zhao ,&nbsp;Shan Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Given their neural crest origin, gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) possess high neurogenic potential, which makes them suitable for cell replacement therapy against neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated whether GMSCs can be transdifferentiated into neurons <em>in vitro</em> using a protocol involving small molecules VCRFY (VPA, CHIR99021, Repsox, Forskolin, and Y-27632). The regulatory mechanisms of key signaling pathways were also investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Neuronal induction of GMSCs was conducted using a small molecules-based protocol over 7 days, which included the evaluation of cell morphology, proliferation, expressions of neurogenic markers, and intracellular calcium oscillation. The activation of canonical the Wnt signaling pathway was assessed by examining the protein content and subcellular localization of β-catenin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Small molecules-treated GMSCs displayed neuronal morphology and increased expression of neurogenic markers, including class III beta-tubulin (TUJ1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtube-associated protein 2 (MAP2), and neurofilament medium (NFM), verified through RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Based on the results of Fluo-4 AM calcium flux assay, small molecules-treated GMSCs exhibited enhanced electrophysiological activity. GMSC proliferation halted after 2 days of treatment. Among the small molecules, CHIR99021 exhibited the highest neuronal induction efficiency. Furthermore, activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway augmented neuronal differentiation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Small molecule-based cellular reprogramming can efficiently generate neurons from GMSCs, with Wnt/β-catenin signaling to play a critical role in neuronal induction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8288,"journal":{"name":"Archives of oral biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"Article 106115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}