Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Cytotoxic and Immunological Effects of Terpinolene and 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene on Aedes aegypti Larvae","authors":"Maria Clara da Nóbrega Ferreira Fernandes,&nbsp;Glaucilane dos Santos Cruz,&nbsp;Jaiurte Gomes Martins da Silva,&nbsp;Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro,&nbsp;Jefferson Luiz Princival,&nbsp;Júlio Cesar Ribeiro de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar,&nbsp;Clóvis José Cavalcanti Lapa-Neto,&nbsp;Emmanuel Viana Pontual,&nbsp;Álvaro Aguiar Coelho Teixeira,&nbsp;Valéria Wanderley Teixeira","doi":"10.1002/arch.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interactions between biomolecules and their target sites are fundamental to pest control, and such relationships can either intensify or inhibit their effects. A broader understanding of these complex interactions aids in interpreting toxicological responses, while physiological changes can elucidate insect metabolic pathways. Research involving terpinolene and 1-butyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene (BMDB) has demonstrated their insecticidal activity against <i>Aedes aegypti</i>. However, the effects of these substances on physiological and immunological parameters require further clarification; furthermore, the binary combination of these compounds may result in more significant and permanent damage. Thus, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that combining different modes of action would intensify histological and immunological alterations critical to insect survival, thereby enabling more effective control. To this end, LC50 values for the individual compounds were obtained from the literature (Silva et al. 2016), and a dose-response curve was established for the 1:1 combination, revealing an LC50 of 75.69 ± 2.37 ppm. The cytotoxic parameters evaluated included midgut histology, apoptosis, and cell proliferation in L4-stage larvae, while immunological parameters evaluated included phenoloxidase activity, nitric oxide levels, and oxidative stress markers (TBARS and GST). Histological changes in the midgut were observed in all treatment groups compared to the control; however, more severe histopathological alterations—such as vacuolization, cellular swelling, and loss of the peritrophic matrix—were observed in the combined treatment. Regarding apoptosis, a significant increase was observed only in treatments containing BMDB, whether alone (2.66 ± 0.66) or in combination (3.33 ± 0.33), compared to the control (0.5 ± 0.54). As for cell proliferation (PCNA), larvae in the combined group exhibited a lower rate (0.50 ± 0.11) compared to terpinolene (1.33 ± 0.12) and BMDB (1.40 ± 0.15). Reductions in phenoloxidase activity (1.026 ± 0.061 OD/min/mg) and nitric oxide levels (0.878 ± 0.034 µM/mL) were observed in the combined group. Regarding oxidative stress, there was no statistical difference in GST measurements (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), whereas TBARS levels decreased in the combined group (2.497 ± 0.184 nmol MDA/mg/protein) compared to the control (3.401 ± 0.327 nmol MDA/mg/protein). Thus, despite exhibiting lower larvicidal activity compared to the isolated compounds, the binary combination caused more severe histopathological and immunological damage that compromises larval survival and recovery capacity, representing a promising strategy for integrated vector management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arch.70212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Droplet-Based RNA Interference Feeding Assay for Neonates of the Citrus Root Weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus","authors":"Tejbhan Saini,&nbsp;Nabil Killiny","doi":"10.1002/arch.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70213","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The citrus root weevil, <i>Diaprepes abbreviatus</i>, is an economically important pest of citrus and ornamental crops whose subterranean larval feeding damages roots and predisposes plants to secondary pathogen infection. Development of efficient RNA interference (RNAi) delivery methods for early larval stages is essential for functional genomics studies and the evaluation of RNAi-based pest management strategies. In this study, we developed a droplet-based feeding assay for oral delivery of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to neonates of <i>D. abbreviatus</i> using <i>chitin synthase 2</i> (<i>DaCHS2</i>) as a model RNAi target to validate the assay. Feeding solutions containing dsRNA were supplemented with sucrose and bromophenol blue dye, with bromophenol blue used to visually confirm ingestion. Across three independent biological replicates, all neonates exposed to <i>DaCHS2</i>-dsRNA, <i>GFP</i>-dsRNA, and water control droplets were confirmed to have ingested the feeding solution (45/45 neonates per treatment; 100% feeding success). Oral delivery of dsRNA targeting <i>DaCHS2</i> reduced transcript abundance and was associated with developmental abnormalities and mortality, including incomplete molting, abnormal pigmentation, cuticular deformities, defective pupation, and malformed adults. Regression analysis demonstrated moderate and significant relationship between dsRNA concentration and neonate mortality and developmental abnormalities. RT-qPCR further confirmed reduced <i>DaCHS2</i> transcript abundance following oral dsRNA exposure. The developed assay provides a simple, reproducible, and minimally invasive proof-of-concept platform for oral dsRNA delivery to <i>D. abbreviatus</i> neonates. The assay requires only small dsRNA volumes, provides visual confirmation of ingestion, and may facilitate laboratory-based screening of additional RNAi target genes in <i>D. abbreviatus</i> and other coleopteran pests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNAi-Mediated Knockdown of Halloween Genes in Lygus hesperus Has Varied Effects on Oogenesis and Fertility","authors":"Yu-Hui Wang,&nbsp;Evelien Van Ekert,&nbsp;Inana X. Schutze,&nbsp;Roni J. Gross,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Fabrick,&nbsp;Colin S. Brent,&nbsp;J. Joe Hull","doi":"10.1002/arch.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For many insects, the ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway that converts cholesterol to ecdysone includes multiple cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, a Rieske oxygenase, and a short-chain dehydrogenase. Collectively, the genes encoding these enzymes are referred to as Halloween genes. While the importance of these enzymes in oogenesis is well-documented in holometabolous insects, less is known about their oogenic role in hemipterans. To address this, we used RNA interference-mediated knockdown to determine the role that the Halloween transcripts <i>neverland</i>, <i>spookiest</i>, <i>shroud</i>, <i>phantom</i>, <i>disembodied</i>, <i>shadow</i>, and <i>shade</i> have on oogenesis and fertility in the western tarnished plant bug, <i>Lygus hesperus</i> Knight. Knockdown of <i>neverland</i> and <i>spookiest</i> severely curtailed oogenesis and resulted in little to no oviposition, <i>phantom</i> knockdown had no impact on oogenesis but reduced oviposition and egg hatch, and <i>shadow</i> knockdown resulted in reduced egg hatch. In contrast, knockdown of <i>shroud</i>, <i>disembodied</i>, and <i>shade</i> had no observable effects on oogenesis, oviposition, or hatch rate. While this study demonstrates the critical reproductive role of some Halloween genes in <i>L</i>. <i>hesperus</i>, it also raises questions regarding how broadly conserved the current ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway is across insects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Extracellular Matrix Proteins Pericardin and Lonely Heart Modulate the Directionality of Heart Contractions in Infected Mosquitoes","authors":"Shabbir Ahmed,&nbsp;Puspa K. Shah,&nbsp;Julián F. Hillyer","doi":"10.1002/arch.70214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cardiac extracellular matrix provides structural support to the primary circulatory organ of an insect: a dorsal vessel that is divided into an aorta in the thorax and a heart in the abdomen. In the fruit fly, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, the extracellular matrix components, Pericardin and Lonely heart, are needed for proper heart contractility, as they mediate adhesion between cardiomyocytes, pericardial cells, hemocytes, and alary muscles. In the mosquito, <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>, Pericardin and Lonely heart are necessary for the infection-induced migration of hemocytes to the heart. In these infected mosquitoes, hemocytes decrease the heart rate by releasing nitric oxide. Here, we demonstrate in mosquitoes that Pericardin is transcribed throughout the abdomen, but that Lonely heart is transcribed mainly in the heart. Moreover, we demonstrate that Pericardin and Lonely heart influence the infection-induced disproportional decrease in the anterograde and retrograde heart rates. We also demonstrate that, in infected mosquitoes, Pericardin and Lonely heart alter the directionality of heart contractions, shifting to more contractions propagating anterograde. These findings further explain how the immune and circulatory systems of insects are functionally integrated by demonstrating that the cardiac extracellular matrix, in addition to driving hemocyte organization on the heart, modulates heart rhythmicity in infected mosquitoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arch.70214","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and Localization of a Testis-Specific Heat Shock Protein (CfHSP70-2) During Spermatogenesis in the Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)","authors":"Guoxing Quan,&nbsp;Hannah Soares","doi":"10.1002/arch.70192","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arch.70192","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential across several insect species for adaptation to environmental stressors. Most pest insects experience fertilization concurrently with summer heat extremes, which mostly affect male testis development and spermatogenesis; although the molecular mechanisms involved are unclear. Several HSPs are exclusive to the testis in several insects, but their functional roles remain unclear. In this study, we identified a testis-specific ATP-dependent HSP, <i>CfHSP70-2</i> in the spruce budworm (SBW), <i>Choristoneura fumiferana</i>. Reverse transcript-qualitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to detect the tissue-and developmental stage-specific expression of CfHSP70-2. In addition, the effects of various stressors on CfHSP70-2 expression in the testes were examined. Importantly, CfHSP70-2 was first detected in the late pupal stages and peaked in the adult stages. Heating, starvation, or chemical HSP activators did not stimulate CfHSP70-2 expression. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that CfHSP70-2 was primarily found in round spermatids at the late pupal and adult stages. The potential function role of CfHSP70-2 in spermatogenesis in SBW is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13506095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNAi Targeting MhieJHEH Disrupts Hormonal Homeostasis and Induces Systemic Metabolic Dysregulation in Monolepta hieroglyphica","authors":"Xuan Song,&nbsp;Yi-meng Pi,&nbsp;Sheng-jie Han,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang,&nbsp;Jun-feng Kou,&nbsp;Yue-qin Wang,&nbsp;Tian-tao Zhang,&nbsp;Yong-jun Zhang","doi":"10.1002/arch.70198","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arch.70198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) plays a crucial role in insect development by degrading juvenile hormone (JH). While functionally characterized in some leaf beetle species (e.g., <i>Leptinotarsa</i>), its molecular mechanisms and physiological roles in many agriculturally important Chrysomelids remain poorly understood. This study provides the first comprehensive functional analysis of <i>MhieJHEH</i> in the maize pest <i>Monolepta hieroglyphica</i>. We cloned and sequenced the gene, which encodes a 454-amino acid protein classified within the Coleoptera JHEH clade. Structural modeling revealed a binding pocket for JH III by key residues Thr250 and Arg379, confirmed by enzymatic assays showing the protein catalyzes JH III conversion. Expression analysis indicated significantly higher transcript levels in the female abdomen, thorax, cuticle, and intestine, implying a sex-biased regulatory function. RNAi-mediated knockdown of <i>MhieJHEH</i> disrupted JH III homeostasis and caused severe adult mortality, establishing its essential role in survival. Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses following knockdown revealed extensive dysregulation of genes and proteins enriched in metabolic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and energy derivation, with strong correlations in mitochondrial and nucleoside metabolism components. These findings establish <i>MhieJHEH</i> as a critical regulator of JH degradation, adult survival, and systemic metabolism in <i>M. hieroglyphica</i>, supporting its potential as a target for novel pest management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting Starvation Strategies in Congeneric Pentatomids: A Predator (Arma chinensis) Versus a Pest (Halyomorpha halys)","authors":"Wenyan Xu,&nbsp;Zhihan Su,&nbsp;Dianyu Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Yan,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Yichen Wang,&nbsp;Chenxi Liu","doi":"10.1002/arch.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Closely related insect species with different feeding habits may exhibit divergent physiological responses to starvation. Here, we compared the predatory <i>Arma chinensis</i> and the phytophagous pest <i>Halyomorpha halys</i> under identical starvation conditions. <i>A. chinensis</i> survived significantly longer than <i>H. halys</i> (females: 39 vs. 9 days; males: 29 vs. 7 days), with slower body weight decline. Starvation severely suppressed reproduction in both species, associated with arrested ovarian development and downregulation of vitellogenin (<i>Vg</i>) genes. In carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, <i>A. chinensis</i> showed relatively stable expression of key metabolic genes, while <i>H. halys</i> exhibited transient upregulation followed by rapid attenuation. These results suggest that feeding habits may drive divergence in physiological and molecular responses to starvation. The strong starvation tolerance of <i>A. chinensis</i> may have implications for its use in biological control, while the vulnerability of <i>H. halys</i> to food deprivation could be relevant for pest management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Slmap Is Required For Spermiogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/arch.70209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mao, B., S.-Y. Li, W.-Y. Dong, and Y.-F. Wang. 2026. “<i>Slmap</i> Is Required For Spermiogenesis in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>.” <i>Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology</i> 122: e70186. https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70186.</p><p>In the Data Availability Statement, the accession number was incorrect. The updated Data Availability Statement is as follows:</p>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arch.70209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ-Specific Responses to Plant Secondary Metabolites Reveal Mechanisms of Adaptation","authors":"Isabel Lopez-Cacacho,&nbsp;Yi-Ming Weng,&nbsp;Andrei Sourakov,&nbsp;Bert Foquet,&nbsp;Edward L. Stanley,&nbsp;Christopher J. Martyniuk,&nbsp;Akito Y. Kawahara","doi":"10.1002/arch.70206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70206","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many insects feed on plants that produce toxic secondary metabolites. The Rattlebox plant (<i>Crotalaria</i>) produces Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids (PAs) that protect it from most herbivores, but some insects, including the Bella moth (<i>Utetheisa ornatrix</i>), can metabolize, sequester, and repurpose its chemical defenses. However, organ-specific responses to <i>Crotalaria</i> secondary metabolites remain poorly understood, and current knowledge is largely derived from a few model species and isolated organ studies. This study bridges this gap by evaluating organ-specific responses of the Bella moth to the Showy Rattlebox, <i>C. spectabilis</i>, through an integrative morphological, molecular, and evolutionary framework. Our results provide quantitative and qualitative characterizations of the fat body, gut, integument, Malpighian tubules, and testes of male Bella moth larvae and reveal two distinct midgut morphologies, suggesting regional specialization within the gut. Additionally, we used real-time quantitative PCR to demonstrate variation of detoxification-related gene expression among organs, with <i>FMO2</i> highly expressed in Malpighian tubules and <i>SNO</i> predominantly expressed in testes. We found that the genes <i>SOD2</i> and <i>UGT</i> exhibited significant diet-dependent expression differences between larvae fed with and without secondary metabolites. Our comparative analyses across Erebidae species known to feed on PA-containing host plants identified specific lineages and amino acid residues under positive selection in genes encoding <i>N</i>-oxidation enzymes, <i>FMO2</i> and <i>SNO</i>. Collectively, these integrated morphological and molecular insights offer a framework of how the Bella moth larvae systematically manage <i>C. spectabilis</i> consumption. This work highlights the critical role of larval metabolic defense and opens broader research avenues into the mechanisms driving insect specialization on toxic host plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Thermal Tolerance Between Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","authors":"Matabaro Joseph Malekera,&nbsp;Hwal-Su Hwang,&nbsp;Rajendra Acharya,&nbsp;Md Munir Mostafiz,&nbsp;Sushant Raj Sharma,&nbsp;Kyeong-Yeoll Lee","doi":"10.1002/arch.70208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arch.70208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> and <i>Spodoptera litura</i> are highly invasive pest species that can attack agricultural crops in new areas, causing high economic damage. The survival of invasive species is highly affected by their ability to adapt to new environments as well as climate change. Rapid cold hardening (RCH) and rapid heat hardening (RHH) play important roles in ecological adaptation and survival under fluctuating temperature conditions. To compare the rates of survival, development, and reproduction between <i>S. frugiperda</i> and <i>S. litura</i>, the effects of RCH (5°C for 12 h followed by −10°C for 2 h) and RHH (35°C for 12 h followed by 41°C for 2 h) treatments were determined on the 3rd or 6th instar larvae of both species. The results showed that treatments of CS (−10°C for 2 h) and RCH conditions into the 3rd instar larvae of both <i>S. frugiperda</i> and <i>S. litura</i> increased the survival rates at 23.2% and 24.0%, respectively. Treatments of HS (41°C for 2 h) and RHH conditions into the 3rd instar larvae of both species increased the survival rates at 30.6% and 26.7%, respectively. However, similar thermal hardening conditions treated into the 6th instar larvae did not increase the survival rates in both species. Thermal stress experienced at later larval instars negatively minimized the pupal weight and subsequent reproductive parameters of both species. The findings showed that <i>S. frugiperda</i> had a higher thermal plasticity set off by rapid thermal hardening than <i>S. litura</i>. Our results suggest that <i>S. frugiperda</i> retains the ability to enhance rapid thermal tolerance to cold winters and hot summers in the newly invaded habitats as well as climate change conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8281,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"122 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148784807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}