Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences最新文献_第8页

TASRIC: A Type-Aware Semantic Retrieval Augmentation Framework With Iterative Correction for Bias Mitigation 基于迭代校正的类型感知语义检索增强框架

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70360

Chenyang Li, Maoyuan Zhang

{"title":"TASRIC: A Type-Aware Semantic Retrieval Augmentation Framework With Iterative Correction for Bias Mitigation","authors":"Chenyang Li, Maoyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70360","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Gender bias in Chinese natural language processing poses significant challenges due to its high degree of metaphorical expression and strong dependence on contextual cues. Existing approaches typically rely on fixed demonstrations or one-shot generation strategies, which may result in incomplete debiasing or loss of core semantics when handling metaphorical and long-tail biased expressions. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a type-aware semantic retrieval augmentation framework with iterative correction (TASRIC), a semi-parametric generative framework for mitigating bias. First, we construct a unified fine-grained recognizer based on adversarial training to enable robust fine-grained bias identification. Second, we introduce a type-aware semantic retrieval augmentation mechanism that leverages bias type information and dynamic semantic retrieval to impose contextual constraints, thereby alleviating the insufficient coverage of fixed demonstration prompts in complex metaphorical bias scenarios. Finally, an iterative correction strategy is designed to ensure general semantic preservation during the debiasing process. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared with a few-shot ChatGPT baseline, TASRIC improves the quality of debiased text generation by 3.7% in BLEU, an n-gram overlap metric, and 3.3% in METEOR, a metric that considers more flexible lexical matching.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Records of Ixodes ventalloi and Ixodes frontalis on Vegetation in Tunisia: Bird-Mediated Dispersal Scenario? 突尼斯植被上首次记录的腹状硬蜱和锋状硬蜱：鸟类介导的扩散情景？

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70348

Salma Feki Ben-Salah, Takwa Jlassi, Ahmed Ouni, Hajer Aounallah, Adel Rhim, Ali Bouattour, Youmna M'ghirbi

{"title":"First Records of Ixodes ventalloi and Ixodes frontalis on Vegetation in Tunisia: Bird-Mediated Dispersal Scenario?","authors":"Salma Feki Ben-Salah, Takwa Jlassi, Ahmed Ouni, Hajer Aounallah, Adel Rhim, Ali Bouattour, Youmna M'ghirbi","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70348","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Ticks of the genus Ixodes are known vectors of various pathogens, and their distribution is often influenced by numerous biotic and abiotic factors defining their ecological niche that are different among species. This study aims to investigate the presence and genetic diversity of Ixodes species in a Mediterranean forested area of Tunisia. Using the flagging method, a total of 133 Ixodes ticks were collected from vegetation in the artificial forest of Dar Chichou, a stopover site for migratory birds on the Cap Bon Peninsula. Morphological and molecular analyses of the specimens identified two species: I. ventalloi (n = 122) and I. frontalis (n = 11). Genetic analysis of 49 randomly selected I. ventalloi specimens and the 11 I. frontalis specimens revealed phylogenetic relationships with Southwestern and Central European populations. These findings suggest that the presence of these two Ixodes taxa in this biotope could be the result of bird-mediated dispersal during short and long-distance migrations. They also point to the potential role played by migratory birds in shaping the distribution and genetic structure of tick populations across different regions.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship Value, Emotion, and Uncertainty Shape Conflict−Resolution Communication in a Wild Primate 关系价值、情感和不确定性塑造了野生灵长类动物的冲突解决沟通

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70352

Luca Pedruzzi, Alice Galotti, Martina Francesconi, Alberto Quartesan, Sheleme Abiyou Gamessa, Hailu Tilahun Argaw, Arianna Meletiadis, Pier Luigi Acutis, Maria Vittoria Riina, Valentina Serra, Giulio Petroni, Bezawork Afework Bogale, Alban Lemasson, Elisabetta Palagi

{"title":"Relationship Value, Emotion, and Uncertainty Shape Conflict−Resolution Communication in a Wild Primate","authors":"Luca Pedruzzi, Alice Galotti, Martina Francesconi, Alberto Quartesan, Sheleme Abiyou Gamessa, Hailu Tilahun Argaw, Arianna Meletiadis, Pier Luigi Acutis, Maria Vittoria Riina, Valentina Serra, Giulio Petroni, Bezawork Afework Bogale, Alban Lemasson, Elisabetta Palagi","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70352","url":null,"abstract":"Studying how nonhuman primates tailor signals and behavioral patterns to resolve ingroup conflicts provides insight into the evolution of communicative and behavioral complexity in conflict management. Here, we explore how, in wild geladas, primates with a uniquely rich vocal−visual repertoire, aggressors and victims take into account relationship value, perceived risk and uncertainty, emotional dynamics, and audience and external factors when producing nonaggressive signals after conflicts. We found that reconciliation in the study groups occurred rapidly, was mainly initiated by aggressors, and was mediated by post-conflict sequences composed of vocalizations, sometimes supplemented with visual signals and tactile patterns. The complexity of post-conflict sequences—indexed by their length, sensory channels, and signal types—was amplified in aggressor−victim dyads with stronger social bonds, following more intense victim distress signals, with dominant aggressors, and between genetically unrelated individuals. These patterns reflect sensitivity to uncertainty, relationship quality, emotional states, and to the external audience. Such behavioral flexibility helps individuals navigate the challenges of complex social life, where multiple relationships must be continuously tracked, thereby supporting social competence and group cohesion. Post-conflict signaling lies at the intersection of social and cognitive sophistication, revealing evolutionary links to human complex communication.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.70352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does Committing to Green Goals Always Lead to Impactful Action? An Identity-Goal Perspective 对绿色目标的承诺总能带来有影响力的行动吗？身份-目标视角

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70363

Katarzyna Byrka, Simona Sciara, Johannes T. Doerflinger, Peter M. Gollwitzer

{"title":"Does Committing to Green Goals Always Lead to Impactful Action? An Identity-Goal Perspective","authors":"Katarzyna Byrka, Simona Sciara, Johannes T. Doerflinger, Peter M. Gollwitzer","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70363","url":null,"abstract":"Many people see caring for the environment as part of who they are and what they believe is morally right. Yet even when protecting nature is valued, consistently acting in environmentally friendly ways in everyday life can be difficult. In this paper, we adopt an identity-goal perspective and discuss why people who set green goals and feel environmentally responsible may choose quick and easy actions that signal concern but have limited real impact. Committing to the identity goal of being a green person might be the best route to success. However, there may also be potential downsides. When people feel they have already done enough to see themselves as environmentally responsible, they may stop putting in further effort—a pattern often called “slacktivism.” At the same time, people who feel they have not done enough may look for quick and easy actions that make them feel better, rather than taking more effective steps that require time and effort. This is problematic because environmental protection requires sustained effortful action over time. We will therefore discuss potentially effective self-regulation strategies that help to overcome these problems.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.70363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physics-Informed Hemispherical Mapping for Global Navigation Satellite System Multipath Mitigation in Mining Subsidence Monitoring 采矿沉陷监测中全球导航卫星系统多径缓解的物理信息半球制图

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70342

Shicheng Xie, Xuexiang Yu, Xu Yang, Yulong Ge

{"title":"Physics-Informed Hemispherical Mapping for Global Navigation Satellite System Multipath Mitigation in Mining Subsidence Monitoring","authors":"Shicheng Xie, Xuexiang Yu, Xu Yang, Yulong Ge","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70342","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Multipath remains a major limitation for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) precise point positioning (PPP)-based subsidence monitoring in mining areas. We propose a physics-informed multipath hemispherical mapping (PI-MHM) model for multifrequency, multi-GNSS PPP. The method combines single-difference-to-undifferenced residual preprocessing with a compact multilayer perceptron that models directional multipath from azimuth, elevation, and trigonometric features, while imposing orbital repeatability, spatial smoothness, and high-elevation attenuation as soft constraints. In a field validation using 11 days of observations from three mining-area monitoring stations, labeled as CR01, CR05, and CR07, PI-MHM achieved mean residual root-mean-square (RMS) reduction rates of 37.1%, 38.3%, and 40.1% at these stations, respectively, outperforming trend-surface MHM (T-MHM), congruent cells multipath central grid (C-MCG), and convolutional neural network-long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM). In the 1-h three-system PPP test, the mean horizontal and vertical RMS values decreased from 3.56 and 5.66 cm to 2.31 and 3.44 cm, respectively. At CR07, the post-convergence up-component RMS decreased from 2.72 to 1.99 cm. The results suggest that repeatability, smoothness, and elevation-dependent attenuation priors can improve multipath correction under complex mining-area conditions.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Anaphora in Criminal Cases of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse: It, That, This, These, and Those 在涉嫌儿童性虐待的刑事案件中使用回指：It， That, This， These和Those

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70332

Colleen E. Sullivan, Stacia N. Stolzenberg

{"title":"Use of Anaphora in Criminal Cases of Alleged Child Sexual Abuse: It, That, This, These, and Those","authors":"Colleen E. Sullivan, Stacia N. Stolzenberg","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70332","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 In child sexual abuse trials, attorneys often use demonstrative anaphors, such as it, that, this, these, and those, to refer to children's earlier statements, questions, or portions of them. For example, after a child says, “He left the room,” an attorney may ask, “What happened after that?” Here, that is an anaphor referring to the multi-word statement “He left the room.” To answer such questions, children must identify the intended referent and retrieve the relevant information, increasing cognitive load and potentially leading to brief responses or misunderstanding. We examined how the anaphors it, that, this, these, and those shaped responses from 5- to 10-year-old children in 40 trial testimonies comprising 12,314 question–answer (Q–A) pairs. Prosecuting and defense attorneys frequently used anaphora, appearing in 30% of Q–A pairs. When anaphors replaced multi-word or compound referents rather than single-word referents, children's elaboration decreased. Contrary to expectations and prior studies, children elaborated more when a Q–A pair contained multiple anaphors. Elaboration and misunderstanding also increased when children, rather than attorneys, first introduced an anaphor. We conclude that those questioning children about sexual abuse should avoid using anaphora for multi-word or compound referents and promptly clarify any anaphoric referent to reduce misunderstanding or incomprehension.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1562 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive Inference Alterations in Psychosis Proneness Show Task‐Dependent Signatures 预测推断精神病倾向的改变显示任务依赖特征

IF 5.2 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70347

Luca Tarasi, Vincenzo Romei

{"title":"Predictive Inference Alterations in Psychosis Proneness Show Task‐Dependent Signatures","authors":"Luca Tarasi, Vincenzo Romei","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.70347","url":null,"abstract":"Perception relies on the dynamic integration of sensory inputs with prior expectations shaped by recent experience. Disruptions in this inferential process are thought to underlie psychosis, yet whether similar alterations occur in subclinical psychosis‐like experiences (PLEs) and how they manifest across perceptual contexts remain unclear. Here, we tested two independent samples of healthy adults: 80 performed a visual detection task and 62 a motion discrimination task. Mixed‐effects models revealed that higher PLE scores predicted reduced weighting of sensory evidence and greater reliance on probabilistic cues across tasks. Complementary signal detection analyses confirmed that higher PLE scores were associated with reduced perceptual sensitivity, alongside increased cue‐dependent response bias shifts. To capture how recent experience shapes perception, we quantified history biases: the influence of the previous stimulus or choice on current decisions. These biases diverged across contexts: in the detection task, the repulsive bias from the previous stimulus was attenuated in high‐PLE individuals, whereas in the discrimination task, they exhibited a repulsive bias away from previous choices. These task‐dependent signatures reveal that psychosis‐like traits differentially alter the use of past information, pointing to a broader inferential vulnerability along the psychosis continuum.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Value-Driven Crossmodal Spatial Attention: The Role of Perceptual Load 价值驱动的跨通道空间注意：知觉负荷的作用。

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70346

Qiongyu Wang, Lihan Chen

{"title":"Value-Driven Crossmodal Spatial Attention: The Role of Perceptual Load","authors":"Qiongyu Wang, Lihan Chen","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70346","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.70346","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Reward-associated stimuli capture attention in a value-driven manner, interfering with multisensory integration. This study investigated the mechanisms of value-driven crossmodal attention and the moderating role of perceptual load using the spatial ventriloquism effect. Across two experiments, participants localized target sounds—defined by frequency (low load) or frequency and duration (high load)—while ignoring reward-linked visual distractors. Experiment 1 employed a binaural localization task with peripheral distractors, whereas Experiment 2 used a continuous localization task with distractors positioned near auditory targets. High-value distractors successfully captured crossmodal attention, producing slower reaction times and stronger spatial bias toward visual locations. Crucially, perceptual load effects were modulated by spatial configuration: increasing load reduced visual interference when distractors were peripheral (Experiment 1) but intensified interference when distractors were colocated with targets (Experiment 2). Notably, load did not affect localization accuracy. These findings demonstrate that value-driven crossmodal processing is jointly shaped by spatial relationships between modalities and cognitive demands, offering insights into how specific perceptual load conditions constrain selective attention during multisensory integration. Given the sample size limitations of this study, these results should be interpreted cautiously pending future replication.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1561 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data Expansion and Defect Classification Method for Small Aero-Engine Blade Samples: Low-Rank Adaptation and Edge Information Enhancement 小型航空发动机叶片样本数据扩展与缺陷分类方法：低秩自适应和边缘信息增强。

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70331

Yu Cai, Xiaolong Wei, Haojun Xu, Senlin Zhu, Yizhen Yin, Liucheng Zhou

{"title":"Data Expansion and Defect Classification Method for Small Aero-Engine Blade Samples: Low-Rank Adaptation and Edge Information Enhancement","authors":"Yu Cai, Xiaolong Wei, Haojun Xu, Senlin Zhu, Yizhen Yin, Liucheng Zhou","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70331","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.70331","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Deep learning-based defect classification of aero-engine blades faces two critical challenges: scarce training samples and domain shift between laboratory-collected training data and real-world production environments. This study addresses these issues through three main contributions: (1) We introduce aero-engine blade dataset with domain shift (AeBDDS), a novel cross-domain benchmark specifically designed to evaluate model robustness under domain shift; (2) we employ low-rank adaption (LoRA) to fine-tune the stable diffusion for generating high-fidelity synthetic samples that approximate production conditions, effectively augmenting the training data; (3) we propose edge information enhancement and multiple attention network (EIEMANet), a classification framework that leverages edge information enhancement and multi-scale attention mechanisms to capture contextual and damage-specific features. Experiments demonstrate that training with mixed synthetic and real data significantly improves cross-domain generalization. Under the T&S4-6 setting, EIEMANet achieves over 86% in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score, demonstrating clear advantages over baseline methods in domain-shift scenarios.\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1561 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sociolinguistic Context Constrains Bilingual Advantages in Metacognition 社会语言语境制约双语在元认知中的优势。

IF 4.5 3区综合性期刊

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.70350

Leona Polyanskaya, Mikhail Ordin

{"title":"Sociolinguistic Context Constrains Bilingual Advantages in Metacognition","authors":"Leona Polyanskaya, Mikhail Ordin","doi":"10.1111/nyas.70350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nyas.70350","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have reported enhanced metacognitive efficiency in bilinguals, particularly when both languages are institutionally supported and used across educational and public domains. Whether this advantage extends to heritage-language bilingualism remains unclear. We tested local and global metacognition in German monolinguals, German–Turkish bilinguals, and German–Slavic bilinguals using three language-learning tasks targeting semantic inference, statistical learning, and artificial grammar learning. Contrary to predictions based on bilingual advantage and typological-distance accounts, heritage bilinguals did not show enhanced local metacognitive efficiency. German–Turkish bilinguals showed lower local metacognitive efficiency than monolinguals and German–Slavic bilinguals across tasks, and German–Slavic bilinguals showed no consistent advantage over monolinguals. By contrast, group-level measures suggested stronger global metacognitive calibration in bilingual participants. These findings indicate that bilingualism does not uniformly enhance metacognition and that sociolinguistic factors, including language status, educational use, and domain breadth of language use, may constrain or override effects of typological distance. The results distinguish local confidence monitoring from broader self-performance evaluation and identify heritage-language bilingualism as an important boundary condition for claims about bilingual metacognitive advantage.","PeriodicalId":8250,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","volume":"1561 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148547687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0