{"title":"Machine Learning for the Discovery, Design, and Engineering of Materials.","authors":"Chenru Duan, Aditya Nandy, Heather J Kulik","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Machine learning (ML) has become a part of the fabric of high-throughput screening and computational discovery of materials. Despite its increasingly central role, challenges remain in fully realizing the promise of ML. This is especially true for the practical acceleration of the engineering of robust materials and the development of design strategies that surpass trial and error or high-throughput screening alone. Depending on the quantity being predicted and the experimental data available, ML can either outperform physics-based models, be used to accelerate such models, or be integrated with them to improve their performance. We cover recent advances in algorithms and in their application that are starting to make inroads toward (<i>a</i>) the discovery of new materials through large-scale enumerative screening, (<i>b</i>) the design of materials through identification of rules and principles that govern materials properties, and (<i>c</i>) the engineering of practical materials by satisfying multiple objectives. We conclude with opportunities for further advancement to realize ML as a widespread tool for practical computational materials design.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":"405-429"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optogenetics Illuminates Applications in Microbial Engineering.","authors":"Shannon M Hoffman, Allison Y Tang, José L Avalos","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optogenetics has been used in a variety of microbial engineering applications, such as chemical and protein production, studies of cell physiology, and engineered microbe-host interactions. These diverse applications benefit from the precise spatiotemporal control that light affords, as well as its tunability, reversibility, and orthogonality. This combination of unique capabilities has enabled a surge of studies in recent years investigating complex biological systems with completely new approaches. We briefly describe the optogenetic tools that have been developed for microbial engineering, emphasizing the scientific advancements that they have enabled. In particular, we focus on the unique benefits and applications of implementing optogenetic control, from bacterial therapeutics to cybergenetics. Finally, we discuss future research directions, with special attention given to the development of orthogonal multichromatic controls. With an abundance of advantages offered by optogenetics, the future is bright in microbial engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":"373-403"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scott R Nicholson, Julie E Rorrer, Avantika Singh, Mikhail O Konev, Nicholas A Rorrer, Alberta C Carpenter, Alan J Jacobsen, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Gregg T Beckham
{"title":"The Critical Role of Process Analysis in Chemical Recycling and Upcycling of Waste Plastics.","authors":"Scott R Nicholson, Julie E Rorrer, Avantika Singh, Mikhail O Konev, Nicholas A Rorrer, Alberta C Carpenter, Alan J Jacobsen, Yuriy Román-Leshkov, Gregg T Beckham","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100521-085846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100521-085846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is an urgent need for new technologies to enable circularity for synthetic polymers, spurred by the accumulation of waste plastics in landfills and the environment and the contributions of plastics manufacturing to climate change. Chemical recycling is a promising means to convert waste plastics into molecular intermediates that can be remanufactured into new products. Given the growing interest in the development of new chemical recycling approaches, it is critical to evaluate the economics, energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and other life cycle inventory metrics for emerging processes,relative to the incumbent, linear manufacturing practices employed today. Here we offer specific definitions for classes of chemical recycling and upcycling and describe general process concepts for the chemical recycling of mixed plastics waste. We present a framework for techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment for both closed- and open-loop chemical recycling. Rigorous application of these process analysis tools will be required to enable impactful solutions for the plastics waste problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":"301-324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40315728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transformation of Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Through Single-Use Technologies: Current State, Remaining Challenges, and Future Development.","authors":"Jasmin J. Samaras, M. Micheletti, W. Ding","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-030223","url":null,"abstract":"Single-use technologies have transformed conventional biopharmaceutical manufacturing, and their adoption is increasing rapidly for emerging applications like antibody-drug conjugates and cell and gene therapy products. These disruptive technologies have also had a significant impact during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, helping to advance process development to enable the manufacturing of new monoclonal antibody therapies and vaccines. Single-use systems provide closed plug-and-play solutions and enable process intensification and continuous processing. Several challenges remain, providing opportunities to advance single-use sensors and their integration with single-use systems, to develop novel plastic materials, and to standardize design for interchangeability. Because the industry is changing rapidly, a holistic analysis of the current single-use technologies is required, with a summary of the latest advancements in materials science and the implementation of these technologies in end-to-end bioprocesses.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"73-97"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Engineering Next-Generation CAR-T Cells: Overcoming Tumor Hypoxia and Metabolism.","authors":"Tora Gao, Y. Chen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-092914","url":null,"abstract":"T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have shown remarkable success in treating B-cell malignancies, reflected by multiple US Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR-T cell products currently on the market. However, various obstacles have thus far limited the use of approved products and constrained the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy against solid tumors. Overcoming these obstacles will necessitate multidimensional CAR-T cell engineering approaches and better understanding of the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME). Key challenges include treatment-related toxicity, antigen escape and heterogeneity, and the highly immunosuppressive profile of the TME. Notably, the hypoxic and nutrient-deprived nature of the TME severely attenuates CAR-T cell fitness and efficacy, highlighting the need for more sophisticated engineering strategies. In this review, we examine recent advances in protein- and cell-engineering strategies to improve CAR-T cell safety and efficacy, with an emphasis on overcoming immunosuppression induced by tumor metabolism and hypoxia.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"193-216"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42602972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jongbaek Sung, Yuna Bae, Hayoung Park, Sungsu Kang, Back Kyu Choi, Joodeok Kim, Jungwon Park
{"title":"Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy for Reliable In Situ Imaging of Nanomaterials.","authors":"Jongbaek Sung, Yuna Bae, Hayoung Park, Sungsu Kang, Back Kyu Choi, Joodeok Kim, Jungwon Park","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-034534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-034534","url":null,"abstract":"Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM) is a powerful in situ visualization technique for directly characterizing nanomaterials in the liquid state. Despite its successful application in many fields, several challenges remain in achieving more accurate and reliable observations. We present LPTEM in chemical and biological applications, including studies for the morphological transformation and dynamics of nanoparticles, battery systems, catalysis, biomolecules, and organic systems. We describe the possible interactions and effects of the electron beam on specimens during observation and present sample-specific approaches to mitigate and control these electron-beam effects. We provide recent advances in achieving atomic-level resolution for liquid-phase investigation of structures anddynamics. Moreover, we discuss the development of liquid cell platforms and the introduction of machine-learning data processing for quantitative and objective LPTEM analysis.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"167-191"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44274199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martha E Floy, Fathima Shabnam, Aaron D Simmons, Vijesh J Bhute, Gyuhyung Jin, Will A Friedrich, Alexandra B Steinberg, Sean P Palecek
{"title":"Advances in Manufacturing Cardiomyocytes from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.","authors":"Martha E Floy, Fathima Shabnam, Aaron D Simmons, Vijesh J Bhute, Gyuhyung Jin, Will A Friedrich, Alexandra B Steinberg, Sean P Palecek","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-033922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092120-033922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) technology over the past two decades has provided a source of normal and diseased human cells for a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo applications. Notably, hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) are widely used to model human heart development and disease and are in clinical trials for treating heart disease. The success of hPSC-CMs in these applications requires robust, scalable approaches to manufacture large numbers of safe and potent cells. Although significant advances have been made over the past decade in improving the purity and yield of hPSC-CMs and scaling the differentiation process from 2D to 3D, efforts to induce maturation phenotypes during manufacturing have been slow. Process monitoring and closed-loop manufacturing strategies are just being developed. We discuss recent advances in hPSC-CM manufacturing, including differentiation process development and scaling and downstream processes as well as separation and stabilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":"13 ","pages":"255-278"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9197878/pdf/nihms-1800287.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9599789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrés González-Garay, M. Bui, Diego Freire Ordóñez, Michael High, Adam Oxley, Nadine Moustafa, Paola A Sáenz Cavazos, P. Patrizio, Nixon Sunny, N. M. Dowell, Nilay Shah
{"title":"Hydrogen Production and Its Applications to Mobility.","authors":"Andrés González-Garay, M. Bui, Diego Freire Ordóñez, Michael High, Adam Oxley, Nadine Moustafa, Paola A Sáenz Cavazos, P. Patrizio, Nixon Sunny, N. M. Dowell, Nilay Shah","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-010254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-010254","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen has been identified as one of the key elements to bolster longer-term climate neutrality and strategic autonomy for several major countries. Multiple road maps emphasize the need to accelerate deployment across its supply chain and utilization. Being one of the major contributors to global CO2 emissions, the transportation sector finds in hydrogen an appealing alternative to reach sustainable development through either its direct use in fuel cells or further transformation to sustainable fuels. This review summarizes the latest developments in hydrogen use across the major energy-consuming transportation sectors. Rooted in a systems engineering perspective, we present an analysis of the entire hydrogen supply chain across its economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Providing an outlook on the sector, we discuss the challenges hydrogen faces in penetrating the different transportation markets. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 13 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49643524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dennis T. Lee, Peter Corkery, Sunghwan Park, Hae‐Kwon Jeong, M. Tsapatsis
{"title":"Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Membranes: Novel Synthesis Methods and Progress Toward Industrial Use.","authors":"Dennis T. Lee, Peter Corkery, Sunghwan Park, Hae‐Kwon Jeong, M. Tsapatsis","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120148","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) have been studied extensively for their potential as selective separation membranes. In this review, we highlight unique structural properties of ZIFs that allow them to achieve certain important separations, like that of propylene from propane, and summarize the state of the art in ZIF thin-film deposition on porous substrates and their modification by postsynthesis treatments. We also review the reported membrane performance for representative membrane synthesis approaches and attempt to rank the synthesis methods with respect to potential for scalability. To compare the dependence of membrane performance on membrane synthesis methods and operating conditions, we map out fluxes and separation factors of selected ZIF-8 membranes for propylene/propane separation. Finally, we provide future directions considering the importance of further improvements in scalability, cost effectiveness, and stable performance under industrially relevant conditions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 13 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47559336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medical 3D Printing: Tools and Techniques, Today and Tomorrow.","authors":"K. Willson, A. Atala","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-015404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092220-015404","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional printing is a still-emerging technology with high impact for the medical community, particularly in the development of tissues for the clinic. Many types of printers are under development, including extrusion, droplet, melt, and light-curing technologies. Herein we discuss the various types of 3D printers and their strengths and weaknesses concerning tissue engineering. Despite the advantages of 3D printing, challenges remain in the development of large, clinically relevant tissues. Advancements in bioink development, printer technology, tissue vascularization, and cellular sourcing/expansion are discussed, alongside future opportunities for the field. Trends regarding in situ printing, personalized medicine, and whole organ development are highlighted. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Volume 13 is October 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46747187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}