Annals of translational medicine最新文献

{"title":"Review on endobronchial therapies-current status and future.","authors":"Joyce W Y Chan, Ivan C H Siu, Aliss T C Chang, Molly S C Li, Rainbow W H Lau, Tony S K Mok, Calvin S H Ng","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1430","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing demand for lung parenchymal-sparing localized therapies due to the rising incidence of multifocal lung cancers and the growing number of patients who cannot undergo surgery. Lung cancer screening has led to the discovery of more pre-malignant or early-stage lung cancers, and the focus has shifted from treatment to prevention. Transbronchial therapy is an important tool in the local treatment of lung cancers, with microwave ablation showing promise based on early and mid-term results. To improve the precision and efficiency of transbronchial ablation, adjuncts such as mobile C-arm platforms, software to correct for computed tomography (CT)-to-body divergence, metal-containing nanoparticles, and robotic bronchoscopy are useful. Other forms of energy such as steam vapor therapy, pulsed electric field, and photodynamic therapy are being intensively investigated. In addition, the future of transbronchial therapies may involve the intratumoral injection of novel agents such as immunomodulating agents, gene therapies, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. Extensive pre-clinical and some clinical research has shown the synergistic abscopal effect of combination of these agents with ablation. This article aims to provide the latest updates on these technologies and explore their most likely future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dendritic cell vaccination combined with irreversible electroporation for treating pancreatic cancer-a narrative review.","authors":"Zigeng Zhang, Guangbo Yu, Aydin Eresen, Zhilin Chen, Zeyang Yu, Vahid Yaghmai, Zhuoli Zhang","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1882","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is 3^rd most lethal cancer in the USA leading to a median survival of six months and less than 5% 5-year overall survival (OS). As the only potentially curative treatment, surgical resection is not suitable for up to 90% of the patients with PDAC due to late diagnosis. Highly fibrotic PDAC with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment restricts cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) infiltration and functions causing limited success with systemic therapies like dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy. In this study, we investigated the potential benefits of irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation therapy in combination with DC vaccine therapy against PDAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a literature search to identify studies focused on DC vaccine therapy and IRE ablation to boost therapeutic response against PDAC indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until February 20^th, 2023.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>IRE ablation destructs tumor structure while preserving extracellular matrix and blood vessels facilitating local inflammation. The studies demonstrated IRE ablation reduces tumor fibrosis and promotes CTL tumor infiltration to PDAC tumors in addition to boosting immune response in rodent models. The administration of the DC vaccine following IRE ablation synergistically enhances therapeutic response and extends OS rates compared to the use of DC vaccination or IRE alone. Moreover, the implementation of data-driven approaches further allows dynamic and longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic response and OS following IRE plus DC vaccine immunoablation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of IRE ablation and DC vaccine immunotherapy is a potent strategy to enhance the therapeutic outcomes in patients with PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily oral ibandronate with adjuvant endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer: editorial commentary.","authors":"Robert Coleman","doi":"10.21037/atm-2023-3","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2023-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":" ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating tumour DNA analysis for early detection of lung cancer: a systematic review.","authors":"W K Jacky Lam, Jinyue Bai, Mary-Jane L Ma, Y T Tommy Cheung, Peiyong Jiang","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1572","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has been applied in cancer diagnostics including lung cancer. Specifically for the early detection purpose, various modalities of ctDNA analysis have demonstrated their potentials. Such analyses have showed diverse performance across different studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic review of original studies published before 1 January 2023. Studies that evaluated ctDNA alone and in combination with other biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The systematic review analysis included 56 original studies that were aimed for early detection of lung cancer. There were 39 studies for lung cancer only and 17 for pan-cancer early detection. Cancer and control cases included were heterogenous across studies. Different molecular features of ctDNA have been evaluated, including 7 studies on cell-free DNA concentration, 17 on mutation, 29 on methylation, 5 on hydroxymethylation and 8 on fragmentation patterns. Among these 56 studies, 17 have utilised different combinations of the above-mentioned ctDNA features and/or circulation protein markers. For all the modalities, lower sensitivities were reported for the detection of early-stage cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The systematic review suggested the clinical utility of ctDNA analysis for early detection of lung cancer, alone or in combination with other biomarkers. Future validation with standardised testing protocols would help integration into clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliminating residual neuromuscular blockade: a literature review.","authors":"Mogen Frenkel, Cynthia A Lien","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1743","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Although millions of patients receive neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) each year as part of an anesthetic, residual neuromuscular blockade (NMB) remains a too-frequent occurrence and its adverse consequences continue to negatively impact patient outcomes. The goal of this manuscript is to provide clinicians with the information they need to decrease the incidence of residual NMB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Published literature was reviewed and incorporated into the narrative as appropriate. Search terms for articles included nondepolarizing NMBAs, residual NMB, monitoring depth of NMB, qualitative monitoring, quantitative monitoring, reversal agents, sugammadex, and anticholinesterases.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This review will define what is currently considered adequate recovery of neuromuscular function, discuss and compare the different modalities to determine the depth of NMB, discuss the currently available NMBAs-including their durations of action and dosing, describe the incidence and complications associated with residual NMB, and discuss reversal of nondepolarizing NMB with neostigmine or sugammadex. Nondepolarizing NMBAs are commonly used as part of a general anesthetic. Understanding the pharmacology of the neuromuscular blocking and reversal agent, in combination with quantitative monitoring of depth of NMB is essential to avoid residual paralysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quantitative monitoring and dosing of either neostigmine or sugammadex based on the results of monitoring is essential to eliminate residual NMB associated with the use of nondepolarizing NMBAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to factors associated with 30-day mortality after perioperative cardiac arrest in adults undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a seven-year observational study from Siriraj Hospital.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-3","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-762.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive functional MRI techniques for early detection of kidney injury in chronic kidney disease: a positive step forward.","authors":"Sylvain Bodard, Francois H Cornelis","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1788","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1788","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COSMIC-312, a disappointing result-is that so surprising?","authors":"Xavier Adhoute, Marc Bourlière, Rodolphe Anty","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-421","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":" ","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44098089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the total ankle replacement in the modern era: a narrative review.","authors":"Isabel Shaffrey, Jensen Henry, Constantine Demetracopoulos","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1569","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Total ankle replacement has become an increasingly popular surgical procedure for treatment of end-stage ankle arthritis. Though ankle arthrodesis has historically been considered the gold standard treatment, advancements in implant design, functional outcomes, and survivorship have made total ankle replacement a compelling alternative. Particularly, in the past 20 years, total ankle replacement has undergone tremendous innovation, and the field of research in this procedure continues to grow. In this review, we aim to summarize the history, evolution, advancements, and future directions of total ankle replacement as described through implant design, indications, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature searches were conducted in PubMed to identify relevant articles published prior to March 2023 using the following keywords: \"total ankle replacement\", \"total ankle arthroplasty\", and \"total ankle\".</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Total ankle replacement has demonstrated significant improvements in surgical technique, implant design, survivorship, and clinical and functional outcomes in the modern era. The procedure reports high patient satisfaction, low complication rates, and improved functional abilities that challenge the current gold standard treatment for ankle arthritis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Though there are areas of improvement for total ankle replacement, the procedure demonstrates promising outcomes for patients with end-stage ankle arthritis to improve pain and functional abilities. Research studies continue to explore various the facets of total ankle replacement, including outcomes, risk factors, novel techniques and modalities, and complications, to direct future innovation and to optimize patient results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current trends in digital replantation-a narrative review.","authors":"Min Kai Chang, Jin Xi Lim, Sandeep Jacob Sebastin","doi":"10.21037/atm-23-1515","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-23-1515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Digital replantation for traumatic amputation has become the standard of care with advances in microsurgical techniques and technology. While digital replantation has progressed significantly, there are still gaps in knowledge in many aspects. Some of the controversial topics in digital replantation include the indications and contraindications, anesthesia, number of vessel anastomoses, mechanism of injury, role of vein graft, distal fingertip replantation, and postoperative management. This article is a narrative review that discusses these controversies and current issues pertaining to digital replantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar were searched using keywords relating to \"digit replantation\", \"amputation\", and \"digital replant\" with the following terms: \"indications\", \"contraindications\", \"anaesthesia\", \"survival\", \"vessels\", \"mechanism of injury\", \"vein graft\", \"outcome\", and \"thrombophylaxis\". Relevant articles pertaining to digital replantation and deemed by the authors as current or controversial were included.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The reported survival rates of digital replantation are high. With the advancement of microsurgical techniques and technology, the boundaries of digital replantation continue to be pushed. Various methods have been described recently to improve the success rates of difficult replants, such as strategies for venous outflow and vein grafting. However, there are still aspects of digital replantation that remain unanswered, such as the number of veins to anastomose and the thromboprophylaxis regime.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review delves into controversial aspects of digital replantation, including contraindications, anesthesia, and postoperative management. Indications and contraindications will continue to evolve alongside advancements in microsurgical techniques and anesthesia. It highlights key factors influencing survival rates, such as the number of repaired vessels and the mechanism of injury. Finally, the review consolidates strategies for managing challenging digital replantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 4","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}