Annals of translational medicine最新文献

{"title":"Risk and progression of frontotemporal dementia in carriers of the TMEM106B protective genotype and its relationship with TDP-43 pathology.","authors":"Karina Braga Gomes","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-104","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-24-104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Huperzine A lowers intraocular pressure via the M3 mAChR and provides retinal neuroprotection via the M1 mAChR: a promising agent for the treatment of glaucoma.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-2024-41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-8093.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: The effects of dexmedetomidine on the cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) rats.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-2024-47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2043.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between pro-inflammatory mediators and sarcopenia in cancer patients through different diagnostic tools: a narrative review.","authors":"Juliana Aparecida Braga Cruz, Leani Souza Maximo Pereira, Daniel Steffens, Ariane Vieira Carvalho, Ana Paula Drummond-Lage","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-24-128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass (MM) and muscle function, is a common and debilitating condition in cancer patients, significantly impacting their quality of life, treatment outcomes, and overall survival. The pathophysiology of sarcopenia is multifactorial, involving metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory changes. Recent research highlights the role of chronic inflammation in the development and progression of sarcopenia, with pro-inflammatory cytokines being key mediators of muscle catabolism. The primary objective of this study was to assess the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in identifying sarcopenia among cancer patients. As a secondary objective, we aim to investigate whether the methods used for assessing sarcopenia, both imaging and functional, align with established guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of the Web of Science was conducted for English-language articles published since 2005, with the following terms: \"Cancer\" AND \"Sarcopenia\" AND \"Pro-inflammatory cytokine*\" OR \"Interleukin*\". Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed controlled trials, observational studies, case reports, and case series. To avoid redundancy, articles with results which were included in systematic reviews, narrative reviews, or scoping reviews were excluded from this review.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The analysis of 10 selected papers, including 1,138 cancer patients, revealed a lack of assessment of muscle strength (MS) and muscle functional performance in most of the studies on sarcopenia, contradicting the comprehensive nature of sarcopenia that includes MM, MS, and muscle functionality. There is no standardization of pro-inflammatory mediators for sarcopenia identification.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future research should focus on establishing cutoff points for inflammatory mediators and identifying which cytokines are linked to sarcopenia. Given the complexity of sarcopenia in different cancers, new projects should investigate whether cytokine expression depends on the tumor type. Moreover, considering that the majority of the study population comprised elderly individuals with primary sarcopenia, it is crucial to discern the extent to which the findings are influenced by age versus cancer-related factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding therapeutic options for Pompe disease: a new small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase 1 (GYS1) shows preclinical promise in Pompe disease.","authors":"Rebecca L Koch, Benjamin T Cocanougher, Jeong-A Lim, Nina Raben, Priya S Kishnani","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-135","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-24-135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-powered solutions for automated aortic diameter measurement in computed tomography: a narrative review.","authors":"Eunice Man Ki Lo, Sisi Chen, Karen Hoi Ling Ng, Randolph Hung Leung Wong","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-171","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-24-171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) are often asymptomatic but present acutely with life threatening complications that necessitate emergency intervention. Aortic diameter measurement using computed tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring. However, manual measurement can create challenges in clinical workflows due to its time-consuming, labour-intensive nature and susceptibility to human error. With advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), several models have emerged in recent years for automated aortic diameter measurement. This article aims to review the performance and clinical relevance of these models in relation to clinical workflows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed literature searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies published between 2014 and 2024, with the focus on AI and deep learning aortic diameter measurements in screening and diagnosis of TAAD.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Twenty-four studies were retrieved in the past ten years, highlighting a significant knowledge gap in the field of translational medicine. The discussion included an overview of AI-powered models for aortic diameter measurement, as well as current clinical guidelines and workflows.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This article provides a thorough overview of AI and deep learning models designed for automatic aortic diameter measurement in the screening and diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs). We emphasize not only the performance of these technologies but also their clinical significance in enabling timely interventions for high-risk patients. Looking ahead, we envision a future where AI and deep learning-powered automatic aortic diameter measurement models will streamline TAAD clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell type-specific upregulation of NKG2D ligand MICA in response to APTO253.","authors":"Reem Alkhayer, Viviane Ponath, Elke Pogge von Strandmann","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-24-20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most important targets for natural killer (NK) cell-mediated therapy is the induction of natural killer group 2D ligand (NKG2D-L) expression. APTO253 is a small molecule that selectively kills acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, and it has been reported that APTO253 can induce Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) expression and downregulate c-MYC expression. Recently, we discovered a novel role of APTO253 in modulating the NK cell response by inducing surface expression of NKG2D-Ls, especially MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), in AML cells. In this study, we extended the research to validate the effect of APTO253 in other cancer cell lines and found that the enhanced expression of NKG2D-Ls in response to APTO253 is limited in a tumor cell-specific manner. Here, we show that MICA induction upon treatment with APTO253 not only varies between ovarian and pancreatic cancer cell lines but also differs in two ovarian cancer cell lines for an unknown reason. Additionally, our data suggest a link between the induced expression of <i>MICA</i> and the regulation of both, <i>KLF4</i> and <i>c</i>-<i>MYC</i>, which might represent a mechanism underlying the induction of NKG2D-L expression upon treatment with APTO253. These results may contribute to the potential use of APTO253 as a treatment to improve tumor cell-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity in various cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of fecal microbiome dysregulation to synovial transcriptome in an equine model of obesity associated osteoarthritis.","authors":"Lyndah Chow, Gabriella Kawahisa-Piquini, Luke Bass, Dean Hendrickson, Ashana Patel, Meagan Rockow, Steven Dow, Lynn M Pezzanite","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-109","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-24-109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly thought to be a multifactorial disease in which sustained gut inflammation serves as a continued source of inflammatory mediators driving degenerative processes at distant sites such as joints. The objective of this study was to use the equine model of naturally occurring obesity associated OA to compare the fecal microbiome in OA and health and correlate those findings to differential gene expression synovial fluid (SF) cells, circulating leukocytes and cytokine levels (plasma, SF) towards improved understanding of the interplay between microbiome and immune transcriptome in OA pathophysiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Feces, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and SF cells were isolated from healthy skeletally mature horses (n=12; 6 males, 6 females) and those with OA (n=6, 2 females, 4 males). Horses were determined to have OA via lameness evaluation, response to intra-articular (IA) diagnostic analgesia, and radiographic and arthroscopic evidence. Horses were excluded who had received medications or joint injections within 2 months. Cytokine analyses of plasma and SF were performed via multiplex immunoassay. Fecal bacterial microbial 16s DNA sequencing was performed and correlated to bulk RNA sequencing of SF cells and PBMC performed using an Illumina based platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Horses with OA had higher body condition scores (P=0.009). Cytokines were elevated in plasma [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-18, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (CXCL10 or IP-10), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)] and SF (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-18, IP-10, G-CSF) in OA. Microbial principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using Bray-Curtis dissimilarity for β-diversity demonstrated distinct grouping of samples from OA versus healthy horses (P=0.003). Faith alpha diversity was reduced in OA (P=0.02). Analysis of microbiome composition showed differential relative abundance of taxa on multiple levels in OA. Specific phyla (<i>Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Tenericutes, Fibrobacteres</i>), correlated to transcriptomic differences related to cell structure, extracellular matrix, collagen, laminin, migration, and motility, or immune response to inflammation in OA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide compelling evidence for a link between obesity, gut microbiome dysbiosis and differential gene expression in distant joint sites associated with development of OA in a relevant large animal model, establishing a connection here that provides a platform from which development of therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiome can build.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in clinical settings: a systematic review of its role in language translation and interpretation.","authors":"Ariana Genovese, Sahar Borna, Cesar A Gomez-Cabello, Syed Ali Haider, Srinivasagam Prabha, Antonio J Forte, Benjamin R Veenstra","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-24-162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Addressing language barriers through accurate interpretation is crucial for providing quality care and establishing trust. While the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate medical documentation has been studied, its role for patient-provider communication is less explored. This review evaluates AI's effectiveness in clinical translation by assessing accuracy, usability, satisfaction, and feedback on its use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted on July 11, 2024, across Cumulated Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria required AI to translate clinical information for a real or theoretical consultation. Exclusion criteria included reviews, correspondence, educational materials, non-peer-reviewed or retracted reports, non-English translations, pre-2016 publications, and reports on sign language or patient education. Search strings representing AI, language interpretation, and healthcare were used. Two investigators independently conducted the screening, extraction, synthesis of results, and bias assessments using Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I), Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. A third investigator resolved conflicts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1,095 reports, 9 studies were analyzed, evaluating AI translation platforms Google Translate, Microsoft Translator, Apple iTranslate, AwezaMed, Pocketalk W, and the Asynchronous Telepsychiatry (ATP) App. Investigations occurred in the US, France, Switzerland, and South Africa, with publications from 2019-2024. AI medical translation shows promise, typically providing accurate translations for brief communications in limited languages, though human translation is often necessary. Accuracy scores ranged from 83-97.8% when translating from English, and 36-76% when translating to English. Usability scores were 76.7-96.7%. Patients were more satisfied than clinicians, with 84-96.6% and 53.8-86.7% satisfied, respectively. Clinicians were hesitant to use AI due to questions of respect, quality, reliability, and misunderstanding. AI is being used as a last-resort option, to assist fluent, non-certified providers and lay interpreters, and for brief communications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limitations include few languages tested, unidirectional translation, simulation, and evolving translation tools. AI shows promise in clinical translation, but the complexity of medical consultations requires a balanced approach combining AI and human translation services for quality care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing flap surgery: the need for standardized surgical delay techniques and patient-specific approaches.","authors":"Rahim Hirani, Carter J Boyd","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-24-108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"12 6","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}