Annals of translational medicine最新文献

{"title":"Do monocortical distal locking screws impair mechanical properties in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with bone graft?-a sawbone biomechanical study.","authors":"Pei Yi Loh, Xuanrong Michael Shen, Siaw Meng Chou, You Xiang Chang, Vikaesh Moorthy, Hamid Rahmatullah Bin Abd Razak","doi":"10.21037/atm-24-223","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-24-223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) has gained popularity for treating patients with medial knee osteoarthritis. Bicortical screw fixation is conventionally preferred, but its mechanical advantage over monocortical fixation remains elusive clinically, and may have additional symptomatic hardware risks. Our study aimed to quantify mechanical differences between monocortical and bicortical distal screws construct in MOWHTO. Twenty artificial composite tibiae were used, with 10 specimens per arm. The first arm underwent MOWHTO with bicortical screw fixation throughout; the second arm incorporated two monocortical distal locking screws. Mechanical properties of specimens were evaluated with static compressive load-bearing till failure and cyclic fatigue strength testing. For quasi-static compression testing, monocortical specimens had a median ultimate load of 2.60 [interquartile range (IQR)=0.12] kN [mean ± standard deviation (SD) =2.59±0.15 kN], comparable to the bicortical group [median (IQR) =2.64 (0.46) kN, mean ± SD =2.56±0.33 kN]. Cyclic fatigue strength testing also demonstrated comparable maximal loads tolerated by both monocortical [median (IQR) =1.28 (0.08) kN, mean ± SD =1.33±0.12 kN] and bicortical [median (IQR) =1.28 (0.00) kN, mean ± SD =1.28±0.06 kN] specimens, as well as median number of cycles attained before failure. Mann-Whitney-U tests showed no statistically significant difference for all measured outcomes between monocortical and bicortical groups (P>0.05). Our study found monocortical fixation of the two distal-most screws in MOWHTO mechanically non-inferior to bicortical fixation. This supports monocortical fixation as an alternative technique for distal screw placement in MOWHTO.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 4","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intense light as potential future therapy for myocardial injury in patients after non cardiac surgery: lessons from mice and men.","authors":"Julia Bertazzo, Yoshimasa Oyama, Finneas Gordon, Lori Walker, Tobias de la Garza Eckle","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-27","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies on light-elicited endothelial period circadian regulator 2 (PER2) mediated cardioprotection revealed a critical role of PER2/hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A) regulated endothelial factor ANGPTL4 for endothelial barrier protection during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI). Based on these observations, we deepened our studies on light-elicited cardioprotective mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All animal and human studies had Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) and Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board (COMIRB) approval. To study myocardial IRI, an in-situ mouse model for myocardial IRI was used. To study light-elicited mechanisms during myocardial IRI, endothelial-specific <i>Per2</i>-deficient mice were treated with the PER2 enhancer nobiletin (NOB), with the HIF1A activator dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG), or with recombinant ANGPTL4. To evaluate whether light could increase ANGPTL4 or decrease troponin levels in patients, we exposed patients undergoing elective spine surgery postoperatively for 5 days with intense light for 30 minutes at sunrise. Patient's plasma samples were tested for melatonin, ANGPTL4 and troponin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PER2 enhancer NOB or the HIF1A activator DMOG protected from myocardial IRI, which was abolished in endothelial-specific <i>Per2</i>-deficient mice. ANGPTL4 was able to overcome an endothelial <i>Per2</i> deficiency and revealed protection during myocardial IRI in endothelial-specific <i>Per2</i>-deficient or control mice. Intense light therapy in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery showed increased ANGPTL4 and decreased troponin plasma levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrates that only the PER2/HIF1A downstream target ANGPTL4 can overcome an endothelial <i>Per2</i> deficiency. Moreover, we discovered that intense light therapy in patients following non-cardiac surgery can be used to increase plasma levels of the endothelial protective factor ANGTL4 and decrease troponin levels, an indicator of myocardial injury in non-cardiac surgery (MINS). Further research with larger, more diverse human cohorts and long-term follow-up is needed to validate these findings and develop targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 4","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to Identifying the clinical presentations, progression, and sequela of pelvic inflammatory disease through physiological, histological and ultrastructural evaluation of a rat animal model.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-19","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-19","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3345.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 4","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic risk score (PRS) as prostate cancer screening: ready for primetime?","authors":"Jinny Park, Jeanny B Aragon-Ching","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-84","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-84","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 4","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to protective effect of ischemic postconditioning on ischemia reperfusion injury in steatotic rat livers.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-18","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2275.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity-induced left atrial dysfunction across age groups and cardiovascular conditions: a comprehensive review of diagnostic advances and clinical implications.","authors":"Rupak Desai, Sidhartha Gautam Senapati, Azra Kothawala, Nicole Ann Tesoro, Pavithra Kotha, Pramoda Prattipati, Abdur Rahman, Harish Kumar Jella, Ravi Babu Kamma, Nanush Damarlapally, Adil Sarvar Mohammed, Arankesh Mahadevan, Paritharsh Ghantasala","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-31","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a global health concern, affecting nearly half of the world's population and significantly increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Among various cardiac impacts, left atrial (LA) dysfunction is a notable complication, especially given its association with atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and diastolic dysfunction. This comprehensive review synthesizes findings from studies across age groups, from children to adults, evaluating obesity-induced alterations in LA structure and function. Using advanced diagnostic tools like speckle tracking echocardiography, we examine the impact of obesity on LA function, the potential reversibility of LA dysfunction, and implications for CVD progression. Studies show that elevated body mass index (BMI) correlates with LA enlargement, increased stiffness, and impaired reservoir and conduit strain, with specific changes observed across different cardiovascular conditions. In children, obesity-related insulin resistance is associated with increased LA stiffness, marking early indicators of metabolic and cardiac dysfunction. In adults, higher BMI independently reduces LA strain, compromising function and raising the likelihood of AF recurrence post-cardioversion or percutaneous interventions. Additionally, clinical manifestations such as exercise intolerance in obese HFpEF patients highlight LA stiffness as a predictor of poorer quality of life and reduced physical capacity. Importantly, weight loss interventions, including bariatric surgery, show promise in reversing LA dysfunction, suggesting a potential for reducing obesity-related cardiac risks. Our review underscores the value of incorporating LA strain metrics in routine cardiac assessments to identify subclinical changes early and guide preventive strategies in obese patients. Further research into therapeutic approaches targeting LA function is essential for reducing HFpEF incidence and improving cardiovascular outcomes in obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 6-methyladenine erasers ALKBH5 and FTO influence chemotherapy efficiency in bladder cancer cell lines.","authors":"Marie-Catherine Drigeard Desgarnier, Ida Monshaugen, Rune Ougland, Arne Klungland","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-7","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a prevalent and life-threatening condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life while imposing substantial financial costs on healthcare systems. Advancing our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying tumor development is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Emerging studies emphasize the critical role of the RNA modification 6-methyladenine (m⁶A) and its associated proteins, methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), Vir-like m⁶A methyltransferase associated (VIRMA) (writers), Alkb homolog 5 (ALKBH5) and fat mass and obesity associated protein (FTO) (erasers), in maintaining m⁶A homeostasis. Dysregulation of these enzymes leads to aberrant m⁶A methylation, a hallmark of various cancers, including BLCA. Furthermore, m⁶A modifications influence cisplatin sensitivity, a key drug in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treatment. With this background, we investigated the combined effects of ALKBH5 and FTO knock-down in bladder tumor cell lines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first investigated the expression of <i>METTL3</i>, <i>VIRMA</i>, <i>ALKBH5</i> and <i>FTO</i> in BLCA tissues and human bladder tumor cell lines from urinary cancer cells by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Simultaneous knock-down of the expression of the erasers was then performed to explore their consequences in bladder cells. We then conducted cisplatin and mitomycin (MMC) treatment in knock-down cells to decipher the effect of their reduction. The cell viability was evaluated with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay after the two treatment regimes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower expression of <i>ALKBH5</i> and <i>FTO</i> was identified in BLCA tissue and bladder tumor cell lines. Notably, this trend was consistent across both low-grade and high-grade tissue samples. Furthermore, lower expression levels of <i>ALKBH5</i> and <i>FTO</i> were observed in tumor cell lines derived from both men and women compared to the non-tumorigenic SV-HUC1 cell line. In contrast, both tissue and cell line data revealed an increased expression tendency of the m⁶A writers <i>METTL3</i> and <i>VIRMA</i>. Additionally, knock-down of the two m⁶A erasers was found to enhance tolerance to cisplatin and MMC treatment, resulting in increased resistance to cell death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal that <i>ALKBH5</i> and <i>FTO</i> are down-regulated in BLCA and their knock-down confers resistance to cisplatin and MMC <i>in vitro</i>. This suggests that m⁶A erasers play a critical role in modulating chemotherapy sensitivity, potentially serving as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for enhancing treatment efficacy in BLCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and environmental sustainability in emergency medicine: a narrative review.","authors":"Mui Teng Chua, Lynette Yan Ee Chung, Ee Yang Ng, Hannah Xin Yi Lim, Nicole Mun Teng Cheung, Clement Kee Woon Lim, Zi Yao Lee, Win Sen Kuan","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-57","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Climate change and global warming pose increasing threats to human health. These could have significant impact on healthcare systems, especially emergency services. In this narrative review, we aim to examine how climate change affects emergency attendances and operations, and to suggest strategies to reduce environmental impact through sustainability efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed literature search of published studies on healthcare environmental sustainability and climate change in PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and Scopus databases using the following search terms: (\"climate change\" OR \"global warming\" OR \"heatwave\" OR \"heat wave\" OR \"greenhouse effect\") AND (\"emergency department\" OR \"emergency medicine\" OR \"emergency, hospital services\"), (\"sustainability in healthcare\" OR \"environmental footprint\" OR \"carbon footprint\" OR \"carbon emission\" OR \"greenhouse gas\" OR \"energy us*\" OR \"waste\") AND (\"health care system\" OR \"health system\" OR \"health care\" OR \"healthcare\" OR \"health sector\"). Study team members conducted independent searches of articles and any discrepancy between two members was resolved by a third independent co-investigator.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Climate change increases incidences of both communicable and non-communicable diseases through heat-related illnesses, respiratory and infectious diseases, and physical injuries from natural disasters, leading to higher demand on emergency services. Structural damage and physical injuries from natural disasters also negatively impact healthcare resources. Vulnerable populations like the very young and elderly are extremely susceptible. Ironically, the healthcare sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and waste production. There are challenges faced by both patients and healthcare providers in adopting sustainability in healthcare. We proposed the SCRAP strategy (Stewardship of resources, Carbon footprint reduction, Research, Advocacy for change, and Policies and education) to attain sustainable healthcare: (I) stewardship of resources; (II) carbon footprint reduction; (III) research; (IV) advocacy for change; and (V) policies and education.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the frontline of most healthcare systems, emergency departments bear the brunt of resultant increased attendances. Urgent actions by the emergency medicine fraternity are needed to understand and tackle the causes and consequences of climate change in tandem with environmental sustainability efforts to mitigate these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking new ground in ductal carcinoma in situ management: the promise of intratumoral messenger ribonucleic acid-2752 and pembrolizumab.","authors":"Ciara C O'Sullivan, Saranya Chumsri","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-49","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to LXA4 protects against blue-light induced retinal degeneration in human A2E-laden RPE cells and Balb-c mice.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-16","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3390.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"13 3","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}