Annals of translational medicine最新文献

{"title":"Impact of tobacco use on inpatient outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective matched cohort study.","authors":"Mohamed H Eldesouki, Mohammad Kloub, Abdul-Rahman I Abusalim, Mohammed Y Youssef, Mona T Ahmed, Khaled Elfert, Kanwarpreet Tandon","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-141","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco plays a complex role in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Its impact on inpatient outcomes of IBD needs additional study. We aimed to assess the impact of smoking on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with IBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) spanning from 2016 to 2019. Patients with UC and CD were identified utilizing ICD-10 codes. Patients were stratified according to the smoking status in two groups. A propensity score matching was utilized to balance comorbidities between study groups. Study outcomes included rates of steroid use, surgeries, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, perianal abscess, and overall mortality. All outcomes were assessed during the index hospitalization. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17 software. Results were reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 413,208 patients were included in our study, 180,558 patients had UC, and 232,650 patients had CD. After propensity score matching, we had a total of 151,106 patients: 39,616 patients had UC, with a total of 19,808 in each group. The CD patients were 111,490, with a total of 55,745 patients in each group. For UC patients, smokers had lower odds of steroid use (aOR =0.69, 95% CI: 0.61-0.79, P=0.001), and all-cause mortality (aOR =0.54, 95% CI: 0.32-0.96, P=0.03). For CD patients, smokers had higher odds of steroid use (aOR =1.13, 95% CI: 1.03-1.25, P=0.009), perianal abscess (aOR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.10-1.36, P=0.02), and all-cause mortality (aOR =1.51, 95% CI: 1.27-1.84, P=0.04). All other outcomes were not significant between the study cohorts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco use in hospitalized patients with UC was associated with lower steroid use, while in patients with CD, it correlated with higher steroid use and increased odds of perianal abscesses. These findings highlight the complex impact of tobacco use on IBD outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of composition 1 and trinitrotoluene explosive pressure on auditory tissue: an ovine cadaveric assessment.","authors":"Amanda McCann, Kirk McGilvray, Kevin Troyer, Abigail Waugh, Jeremy Bachtel, Assal Hussein, Hussam Mahmoud, Paul R Heyliger","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-93","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Eardrum rupture is one of the most common injuries associated with explosive pressures. Estimates for pressures at rupture vary widely and are challenging to determine because of (I) a range of variables that can degrade the structural integrity of the auditory tissue, and (II) the difficulties of minimizing their impact. Improving predictions on the pressures at which eardrum tissue ruptures would provide useful measures in avoiding or reducing the chances of these injuries. Although a variety of animal models could provide useful data, ovine specimens are uniquely positioned to capture representative behavior for humans, given anatomical similarities, while ameliorating some of the pragmatic issues related to specimen preparation and analysis. The objective of this study is to refine estimates of explosive pressure that initiate rupture of the tympanic membrane in sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fresh cadaveric sheep ears were directly exposed to outdoor blast pressures generated by either composition 1 (C-1) or trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosives. A variety of imaging methods were used to determine the range of pressures at which eardrum rupture occurs. The pressures were measured at a variety of scaled distances for three separate tests of C-1 (n=5), TNT (n=6), and C-1 (n=4). Direct imaging with a boroscope was used for the first two tests, and with more detailed photographic imaging for the third.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were three ranges of pressure that bounded eardrum rupture. For pressures under 30 kPa, no ruptures were observed. Pressures between 30 and 40 kPa resulted in a transition range where both ruptures and intact eardrums were observed. For pressures over 40 kPa, all eardrums ruptured. This included three ruptures that were on the opposite side of the blast direction, where the exposed ear canal entrance measured 75 kPa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Blast pressures that result in cadaveric ovine tissue rupture were narrowed from prior estimates to under 30 kPa (no rupture) to over 40 kPa (rupture) based on direct measurements (n=15). Ears on the opposite side of the blast direction were not spared from rupture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interventional pilot study protocol on the effect of extra virgin olive oil on women with preeclampsia risk.","authors":"Yaniv S Ovadia, Daniela Abigail Navarro, Avi Rimler, Alexander Brandis, Esti Ditchi, Efrat Monsonego-Ornan, Ido Solt, Eyal Y Anteby, Simon Shenhav","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-122","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia (PE), a multisystem and complex disorder diagnosed when maternal hypertension manifests after 20 weeks of gestation with proteinuria, is one of the direct causes of maternal morbidity and mortality, in addition to bleeding and infection. Despite its critical impact, effective preventive dietary interventions are scarce. Oxidative stress and microvascular damage are central to PE pathophysiology. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), particularly early harvested EVOO (EVOOEH), is rich in antioxidant compounds and may mitigate these issues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, single-masked (investigator and data analysis) interventional pilot study protocol will enroll 156 high-risk pregnant women (8 to 16 weeks of gestation) at Barzilai University Medical Center. Participants will be allocated to two parallel arms: the EVOOEH arm (n=78), receiving 42 mL/day (three tablespoons) of EVOOEH in addition to general Ministry of Health (MOH) dietary recommendations for 4 weeks; and the Control arm (n=78), receiving MOH dietary recommendations only. Low-dose aspirin prophylaxis will be co-administered, if indicated. Adherence will be monitored via phone calls and assessment of maternal whole blood and plasma hydroxytyrosol (HT) at recruitment and approximately four weeks post-intervention initiation. Primary outcomes are incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), PE, Cesarean section, preterm birth, and small for gestational age (SGA) newborns. Secondary outcomes include post-intervention maternal 1-hour glucose challenge test (GCT) and serum ratio of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 to placental growth factor (sFlt-1/PlGF), as well as maternal blood pressure, gestational age at delivery, and newborn percentile. Blood samples will be analyzed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], sFlt-1/PlGF ratio and HT. Statistical analysis will include use of JMP Pro software, with compared by chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Student's t-tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables when appropriate. Multivariate analyses will be performed for significant variables.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This pilot study will provide crucial insights into the potential of EVOOEH as a dietary intervention for reducing PE risk in high-risk pregnancies, addressing a significant gap in current preventive strategies. This protocol study findings can inform larger-scale trials and contribute to evidence-based nutritional recommendations for PE prevention.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06759545).</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to Inhibiting PKCβ2 protects HK-2 cells against meglumine diatrizoate and AGEs-induced apoptosis and autophagy.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2022-41","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2022-41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.172.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tendon healing in the era of regenerative medicine: literature review.","authors":"Ayobami S Ogunsola, Davis J Brady, Hailey K Bennett, John B Gordon, Ryan Zhang, Marcel G Brown, Edward C Beck, Chukwuweike U Gwam, Xue Ma","doi":"10.21037/atm-25-124","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-25-124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Tendon injuries are common musculoskeletal conditions that affect both athletic and working populations. Although surgical intervention remains the mainstay of treatment for large tendon injuries, conventional approaches often result in suboptimal healing and functional outcomes. Recent evidence has shown that stem cell therapy may play a role in the management of these injuries. This review comprehensively examines the current literature on stem cell applications in tendon regeneration by analyzing both preclinical and clinical evidence. Specifically, we evaluated various stem cell populations, their characteristics, delivery mechanisms, and repair processes. Additionally, we addressed the limitations of stem cell-based therapies while highlighting emerging trends and future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed was searched for articles published in August 2025. Boolean operators \"Tendon\" OR \"Tendon repair\" OR \"Tendon regeneration\" OR \"Tendon injury\" AND \"Scaffold\" AND \"Secretomes\" OR \"Exosomes\" OR \"Stem Cells\" were used to search for articles. Inclusion criteria included studies within the last 10 years, performed on humans or animals, written in English, as well as articles considered clinical trials, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, reviews, or systematic reviews. We identified approximately 1,800 studies, which were screened for relevance to our topic. Additional reference screenings and targeted searches were performed to identify other relevant studies.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>With advancements in regenerative medicine and material science, new solutions, such as the integration of stem cells and growth factors with specialized scaffolds, offer innovative solutions for tendon regeneration. Various stem cell populations, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs), and perinatal stem cells (PSCs), have demonstrated potential for assisting in tendon repair. However, significant challenges persist regarding ethical considerations, safety protocols, and treatment standardization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Stem cell therapy represents a promising frontier in tendon healing, with growing preclinical and clinical support for its regenerative efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large sarcomatoid chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending into the inferior vena cava: a case report on the challenges and lessons from a fatal outcome.","authors":"Natalia Perez Baez, Akin Tekin, Danny Sleeman, Angel Alvarez, Gaetano Ciancio","doi":"10.21037/atm-2025-1-162","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2025-1-162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) affects around 400,000 people annually and remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality. Tumor thrombus (TT) is a rare manifestation of disease that occurs in 4-10% of RCC cases and is one that poses significant surgical risk. Despite recent advancements in immunotherapy for metastatic RCC disease, cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) continues to be the preferred surgical treatment for resectable disease.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 63-year-old male presented with several months of progressive anemia, weight loss, and abdominal pain in which he had not undergone prior workup. Imaging revealed a large left renal mass with level II inferior vena cava (IVC) TT, liver metastases, and invasion into multiple adjacent organs. The patient underwent CN with IVC thrombectomy and multivisceral resection with pathology demonstrating a mixed sarcomatoid and chromophobe RCC with lymphovascular invasion. Although the surgery was initially well-tolerated, the postoperative course was complicated by pulmonary embolism, sepsis, and multiorgan failure, resulting in death on postoperative day 15.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our experience highlights the complex technical demands and ethical considerations of pursuing CN in advanced RCC with IVC thrombus. While tumor resection may be feasible, the associated risks and complications can be considerable. Nevertheless, multidisciplinary collaboration and transparent communication with patients and their families are essential in guiding decision-making and ultimately pursuing the avenue of care that best reflects the patient's values, goals, and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning in geographic atrophy: rethinking age-related macular degeneration progression and treatment.","authors":"Sakshi Shiromani, Jay Chhablani","doi":"10.21037/atm-2026-1-0018","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2026-1-0018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative circulating tumor DNA profiling for recurrence risk in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: moving toward a biology-driven surveillance model.","authors":"Emma Klacking, Wenxue Ma","doi":"10.21037/atm-2025-1-181","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2025-1-181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: A retrospective study on effectiveness of combined recombinant human interferon-α-1b, interleukin-2, and thalidomide for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in various disease states.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/atm-2024-30","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2024-30","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5520.].</p>","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vivo</i> stimulation of natural killer T cells and downstream regulatory T cells to reduce acute graft-versus-host disease.","authors":"Ronald Sluyter, Gemma McErlean","doi":"10.21037/atm-2026-1-0017","DOIUrl":"10.21037/atm-2026-1-0017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12981994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147462580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}