Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Importance and Obstacles of First Aid in Burn Injuries; A Letter to The Editor.","authors":"Farzan Madadizadeh, Golnaz Afzal","doi":"10.22037/aaemj.v13i1.2578","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaemj.v13i1.2578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a burn injury, pre-hospital care, which includes first aid measures before transfer to a burns center, is considered to be a significantly important step in the process of burn treatment. Individuals who receive medical care at a hospital following initial first aid administered at home experience a better outcome. This letter aimed to discuss about the importance and obstacles of prehospital management of burn injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Decision-Making Regarding Life Sustaining Treatment in End-Of-Life Care: A Scoping Review of the Similarities and Differences Between Two Viewpoints.","authors":"Bagher Larijani, Mina Mobasher, Farzaneh Zahedi, Mamak Tahmasebi","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2402","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decisions on life-sustaining treatment depend on evaluating fundamental ethical principles regarding taking human life. This study aimed to compare the Islamic standpoint with secular views on ethical decision-making in end-of-life care. We conducted a scoping review to analyze and compare articles published in 2000-2022, regarding ethical criteria for withdrawing life-prolonging treatments in dying patients, and the final decision-maker in such cases. The main difference between the two viewpoints, however, lies in the perspective that in Islam to save human life is of utmost importance, and therefore the criteria for treatment benefits, indications, and goals should all be evaluated in the light of this profound Islamic concept. The most significant similarity discovered between the two standpoints was that a terminal patient's wish not to prolong the process of dying should be respected, and the physician's opinion in determining the benefit or futility of treatment is of utmost importance. Comparison of Islamic and Secular perspectives about ethical decision-making in end-of-life care regarding life sustaining treatment indicates that benefits of treatments for patients, and healthcare goals are among the major factors in decision-making according to both viewpoints, and patients, their families, physicians, and the medical team are all involved in making the final decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Masquerading as Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report.","authors":"Chao Liu, Jiangrong Ma, Bo Zhang, Ji Xie, Liyu Lu, Shinan Nie","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2409","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aortic dissection (AD), a life-threatening cardiovascular emergency, is characterized by the separation of the aorta's inner and middle layers due to a tear in the intima. It is classified as Stanford type A or B based on the tear's location and extent. Symptoms vary but commonly include severe pain in the chest, back, or abdomen, along with atypical presentations such as shock, heart failure, or syncope. End-organ ischemia, including stroke and limb necrosis, may occur. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial for survival. Here, we report a 31-year-old male patient who presented with acute neurological symptoms, initially suspected of having a stroke, but was ultimately diagnosed with Stanford type A AD upon computed tomography (CT) angiography. This case underscores the importance of considering AD in the differential diagnosis of patients with neurological symptoms for accurate and prompt management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Management of Traumatic Optic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Fallahzadeh, Amirreza Veisi, Faezeh Tajari, Zahra Khorrami, Mehri Farhang Ranjbar, Roozbeh Tavanaei, Navid Ghassembaglou, Seyed Hadi Aghili","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2453","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a serious condition resulting from optic nerve injury, often due to head trauma. This study systematically reviews the existing literature to evaluate the effectiveness of various treatments in improving visual outcomes in TON patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases including Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE from January 1992 to October 2024. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria that focused on TON patients treated with corticosteroids, conservative therapy, erythropoietin therapy, or surgical interventions. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Risk of Bias Tool for each design. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers, with a meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the pooled visual acuity (VA) improvement rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 studies were included, encompassing 1,851 patients with TON. The meta-analysis revealed a pooled VA improvement rate of 50.6% across all treatment modalities. Specifically, corticosteroid-only treatment resulted in a 56.2% improvement rate, while combined corticosteroid and surgical decompression showed a 42.9% improvement rate. Conservative therapy had a 47.8% improvement rate. The heterogeneity among studies was significant (I²= 89.9%), and no significant publication bias was detected. Subgroup analyses indicated varied outcomes, with some studies reporting better results with early intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment of TON remains challenging, with no single modality showing clear superiority. The corticosteroids and surgical interventions provide potential benefits; however, conservative therapy might be appropriate for certain cases. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols and exploring new therapeutic options, such as erythropoietin to improve visual outcomes in TON patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Glance at Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine Journal in 2024.","authors":"Mehrnoosh Yazdanbakhsh, Somayeh Saghaei Dehkordi","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2571","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v13i1.2571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox: A Comprehensive Review of Virology, Epidemiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, Prevention, Treatment, and Artificial Intelligence Applications.","authors":"Erfan Rahmani, Ziba Bayat, Mehrdad Farrokhi, Shiva Karimian, Reza Zahedpasha, Hamed Sabzehie, Sepehr Ramezani Poor, Parisa Jafari Khouzani, Solmaz Aminpour, Mohammad Karami, Omid Afsharjahanshahi, Maryam Sharifi, Behnaz Dalvandi, Reza Dalvandi, Amirhossein Esfahani, Maryam Alaei, Mahtab Mirbolouk, Fateme Moradi, Amitis Nozari, Seyed Mohammad Shahab Mirabedini, Mahrokh Janmohamadi, Sara Moghimi, Farzaneh Nikfarjam, Faezeh Jalayer Sarnaghy, Amirhossein Mirbolook, Mohammad Pirouzan, Mozhdeh Mohammadi Virsoudi, Atousa Moghadam Fard, Mehdi Nikandishnobar, Hossein Boustani Hezarani, Mohammadreza Fadavighafari, Masoud Farrokhi","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2491","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monkeypox (Mpox), an uncommon zoonotic Orthopoxvirus, is commonly manifested by blisters on the skin and has a mortality rate of approximately 0-10%. Approximately two decades after the cessation of global smallpox vaccination, the number of confirmed cases of Mpox has been growing, making it the most common Orthopoxvirus infection. Therefore, in this narrative review, we aimed to shed light on recent advancements in the pathophysiology, transmission routes, epidemiology, manifestations, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Mpox, as well as the application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods for predicting this disease. The clinical manifestations of Mpox, including the onset of symptoms and dermatologic characteristics, are similar to those of the infamous smallpox, but Mpox is clinically milder. Notably, a key difference between smallpox and Mpox is the high prevalence of lymphadenopathy. Human-to-human, animal-to-human, and animal-to-animal transmission are the three main pathways of Mpox spread that must be considered for effective prevention, particularly during outbreaks. PCR testing, as the preferred method for diagnosing Mpox infection, can enhance early detection of new cases and thereby improve infection control measures. JYNNEOS and ACAM2000 are among the vaccines most commonly recommended for the prevention of Mpox. Brincidofovir, Cidofovir, and Tecovirimat are the primary treatments for Mpox cases. Similar to other viral infections, the best approach to managing Mpox is prevention. This can, in part, be achieved through measures such as reducing contact with individuals displaying symptoms, maintaining personal safety, and adhering to practices commonly used to prevent sexually transmitted infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"e70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult Epiglottitis as an Often Overlooked, Life-threatening Condition Requiring Special Airway Consideration; a Case Report.","authors":"Hamzah Adel Ramawad, Robert Seatherton, Jessica Chineme","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After the implementation of vaccination against Haemophilus Influenza Type B (Hib), adult patients comprise the majority of patients with acute epiglottitis. Its presentation with stridor mandates swift recognition and intervention to prevent airway compromise and mortality. Here, we present a case of a 44-year-old male with diabetes mellitus who presented with acute onset of shortness of breath and stridor following days of throat soreness and fever. Initial treatment for suspected anaphylaxis provided partial relief, and emergency department evaluation revealed characteristic signs of acute epiglottitis on lateral soft tissue neck x-ray and nasopharyngoscopy. Treatment was initiated with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam and dexamethasone, and the patient was discharged home on day 4. This case underscores the critical importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for acute epiglottitis in adults presenting with stridor and respiratory distress. Prompt recognition, airway management, and appropriate antibiotic therapy are paramount in mitigating the potentially devastating outcomes associated with this condition. As demographics shift and vaccination impacts epidemiology, heightened vigilance in emergency settings is essential to improve outcomes in adult patients with acute epiglottitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":"e69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11408896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated Factors of Trauma Severity and Mortality in Pediatric Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit; a 10-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yiyao Bao, Jing Ye, Lei Hu, Lijun Guan, Caina Gao, Linhua Tan","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2413","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Trauma is a significant global public health concern and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to assess the independent predictors of trauma severity as well as mortality in pediatric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, following the STROBE checklist, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical and baseline characteristics of pediatric patients with trauma injuries admitted to the ICU of Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China, over a decade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>951 pediatric patients with a mean age of 4.79 ± 3.24 years (60.78% Boys) were studied (mortality rate 8.41%). Significant associations were observed between ISS and place of residence (p = 0.021), location of the injury (p = 0.010), year of injury (p <0.001), and injury mechanism (p <0.001). The two independent factors of trauma severity were the year of injury (β = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.28 - 0.65) and injury mechanism (β = -0.60; 95%CI: -0.88 - -0.31). Significant differences were observed between survived and non-survived regarding age (p <0.001), ISS score (p <0.001), time elapsed from injury to ICU (p <0.001), duration of mechanical ventilation (p <0.001), GCS score (p <0.001), and the proportion of patients requiring mechanical ventilation (p <0.001 ). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that age (OR = 0.805; 95%CI: 0.70 - 0.914; p = 0.001) and GCS score at ICU admission (OR = 0.629; 95%CI: 0.53 - 0.735; p < 0.001) acted as protective factors, whereas mechanical ventilation in the ICU (OR = 7.834; 95%CI: 1.766 - 34.757; p = 0.007) and ISS score at ICU admission (OR = 1.088; 95%CI: 1.047 - 1.130; p < 0.001) served as risk factors for mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Automobile-related injuries represent the leading cause of trauma in children, with escalating severity scores year over year among pediatric patients admitted to the ICU with trauma injuries. Based on the findings the independent predictors of mortality of pediatric trauma patients admitted to the ICU were age, GCS score at ICU admission; mechanical ventilation in the ICU, and ISS score at ICU admission. Also, the year of injury and injury mechanism were independent predictors of trauma severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Effectiveness of Vaccines for COVID-19: An Umbrella Review.","authors":"SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Amirreza Pashapouryeganeh, Soheil Dehghani, Pegah Mirzapour, Faeze Abbaspour, Fatemeh Afroughi, Payman Rahimzadeh, Morvarid Najafi, Hoomaan Ghasemi, Navid Mozafari, Zahra Soltanali, Esmaeil Mehraeen","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2357","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In January 2020, WHO declared the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) a pandemic. Though COVID-19 vaccines are recommended, ongoing surveillance is crucial due to potential unforeseen events. Evaluation of long-term effectiveness and safety and addressing emerging variants are vital. This study integrates systematic reviews to assess COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety comprehensively.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was an umbrella review study on the feasibility and effectiveness of vaccines for COVID-19. We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus, using MeSH terms and keywords related to COVID-19 vaccines. Inclusion criteria comprised peer-reviewed systematic reviews and meta-analyses in English, focusing on feasibility and effectiveness. Exclusion criteria targeted non-systematic reviews exclusively on vaccine safety and duplicates. Two independent reviewers screened and resolved discrepancies. Data extraction included key details. Methodological quality was assessed using the ROBIS tool. Data synthesis involves narrative and, if applicable, quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). Reporting followed PRISMA guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 systematic reviews were included in the study, of which 20 also conducted a meta-analysis. The studies investigated in the included reviews ranged from 7 to 74. The included articles were conducted in various countries around the globe. The findings indicated that COVID-19 vaccines are generally safe and effective for individuals with various medical conditions. The overall risk of bias for the included studies was assessed as low risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study outcomes indicated that mRNA vaccines exhibit a higher incidence of adverse events but demonstrate greater efficacy. Conversely, inactivated and protein subunit vaccines are safer but exhibit lower efficiency. Moreover, the vaccine is considered safe for individuals with specific conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, solid organ transplant recipients, children, pregnant individuals, and those with hematologic problems. Ultimately, the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among individuals is influenced by various factors, including geographic, socioeconomic, and pandemic-related considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Best ECG Lead for Predicting the Risk of Drug-Induced Torsade De Pointes Using Corrected QT Interval: A Comparative Prognostic Study.","authors":"Tharathorn Raicharoen, Suphaphorn Vassasunthorn, Rittirak Othong","doi":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2323","DOIUrl":"10.22037/aaem.v12i1.2323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Torsade de pointes (TdP) is a deadly complication from drug-induced QT prolongation. Each of the 12 lead of an electrocardiogram (ECG) has a different length of QT interval, and thus might have a different performance in TdP prediction. This study aimed to determine the best ECG lead or set of leads in this regard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a comparative prognostic accuracy study using a two-gate data gathering design. The population in this study was from two sources, a case group (Patients who had drug-induced TdP, which were identified through a systematic Medline search) and a control group (those who overdosed on QT-prolonging drugs, which included patients who were under the consultation of Medical Toxicology Services). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) in each single ECG lead and of a mean/median QTc from a set of ECG leads (17 index test) in predicting the risk of TdP were calculated and compared with each other, trying to find the best lead for this propose. QTc Interval measurements were done by four investigators (Interrater reliabilities 0.95).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, we included 136 and 148 ECGs from TdP cases and controls, respectively. V3 lead had the highest frequency of longest QTc interval, among the leads. The lead having the longest QTc yielded the greatest AUROC in predicting TdP regardless of QT correction formulas (QTcFRA=0.9915, QTcRTH=0.9893, QTcBZT=0.9904). The mean QTc of 3 leads (lead II, plus any two of leads V2-V4), and a median QTc of 6 leads (I, II, aVF, V2, V4, V6) provided similar overall performance for TdP prediction (regardless of the type of QTc formula).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The longest QTc provided the greatest AUROC in predicting drug-induced TdP, however, the longest QTc is not located in a fixed individual lead in any patient. A less time-consuming method with comparable performance to that of the longest QTc was to use a mean QTc from 3 leads (lead II, plus any two of leads V2-V4). The potential clinical impact of this finding needs to be verified in a prospective cohort study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8146,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}