Wood Science and Technology最新文献_第7页

How thermal treatment affects the chemical composition and the physical, mechanical and swelling properties of Scots pine juvenile and mature wood 热处理如何影响苏格兰松树幼木和成熟木材的化学成分以及物理、机械和膨胀特性

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01561-2

Magdalena Broda, Carmen-Mihaela Popescu, Kamil Poszwa, Edward Roszyk

{"title":"How thermal treatment affects the chemical composition and the physical, mechanical and swelling properties of Scots pine juvenile and mature wood","authors":"Magdalena Broda, Carmen-Mihaela Popescu, Kamil Poszwa, Edward Roszyk","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01561-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01561-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High variations in juvenile wood properties in the radial direction and its worse performance than mature wood make it less suitable for some applications and often treated as waste material. This study aimed to assess how thermal modification affects the chemical composition and the physical, mechanical and swelling properties of Scots pine juvenile and mature wood. An additional goal was to evaluate if the modification can equalise the differences in selected properties of juvenile wood to those of mature wood so that from waste material, juvenile wood can become a fully-fledged raw material for various industrial applications. Thermal treatment at 220 °C influenced wood chemical composition, degrading mainly hemicelluloses but also affecting cellulose and lignin, which resulted in a reduction of hydroxyls and carbonyl/carboxyl groups. These changes were more pronounced for mature than juvenile wood. It reduced mass loss and swelling rate, and increased swelling pressure in the tangential and radial directions to a higher degree for juvenile than mature wood. Changes in mechanical properties in compression were statistically significant only for mature wood, while wood hardness remained unaffected. Although the applied heat treatment improved the performance of juvenile wood by reducing its swelling rate, it did not equalise the examined properties between juvenile and mature wood. Since higher juvenile wood proportion is expected in the wood supply from the future intensively managed forests, there is still a need to find suitable modification methods or better processing techniques so that instead of being thrown away as waste, it could be used broadly in various industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"1153 - 1180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-024-01561-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141152778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermogravimetric investigation of anisotropy of dimensional shrinkage of softwood and hardwood during carbonization 对碳化过程中软木和硬木尺寸收缩率各向异性的热重研究

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01560-3

Yu Wang, Takashi Nomura, Ramadan Eljamal, Eiji Minami, Haruo Kawamoto

{"title":"Thermogravimetric investigation of anisotropy of dimensional shrinkage of softwood and hardwood during carbonization","authors":"Yu Wang, Takashi Nomura, Ramadan Eljamal, Eiji Minami, Haruo Kawamoto","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01560-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01560-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on five softwood and five hardwood thin wood samples in the longitudinal (L) and radial (R) directions. Dimensional changes were monitored using a charge-coupled device camera under a nitrogen flow. A comparison of the TG and derivative TG (DTG) curves revealed that shrinkage in the R direction began when the weight was reduced to 79–92% at 305–330 °C and 87–96% at 275–290 °C for softwoods and hardwoods, respectively. Hemicellulose is mainly degraded in this temperature range. In contrast, shrinkage in the L direction started at temperatures close to the DTG peaks, i.e., 360–380 °C and 345–370 °C, respectively, at which temperatures cellulose is mainly degraded. In general, the R/L shrinkage anisotropy was greater for hardwoods than for softwoods, but the species variation was large and the magnitude was directly related to the difference in the shrinkage onset temperatures between the R and L directions, regardless of the wood species. Therefore, shrinkage anisotropy can be attributed to the relative reactivity of hemicellulose and cellulose in wood cell walls. The shrinkage mechanism during carbonization is discussed in terms of the cell wall ultrastructure, in which cellulose microfibrils are covered by a hemicellulose–lignin matrix, and the orientation of the cells in the L and R directions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"959 - 974"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-024-01560-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140964503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The significance of structural components of lignocellulosic biomass on volatile organic compounds presence on biochar - a review 木质纤维素生物质结构成分对生物炭上挥发性有机化合物存在的影响--综述

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01557-y

Ewa Syguła, Daniel Ciolkosz, Andrzej Białowiec

{"title":"The significance of structural components of lignocellulosic biomass on volatile organic compounds presence on biochar - a review","authors":"Ewa Syguła, Daniel Ciolkosz, Andrzej Białowiec","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01557-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01557-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The product of thermochemical processing of lignocellulosic biomass is biochar. It has a range of properties that make it suitable for a variety of economic applications. However, during pyrolysis and torrefaction, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are released and may redeposit on the surface of the biochar. Some of these compounds may be harmful to the environment and humans. Bibliometric study shows that, to date, studies on the release of VOCs from biochar have been of an inventory nature and concerned with specific case studies of the specific types of biomass. To date, there has been no comprehensive and systematic analysis of the influence of lignocellulosic biomass properties and pyrolysis/torrefaction process parameters on VOC formation and redeposition on biochar. In this paper, the analysis is presented of the potential harmfulness of VOCs released during the thermochemical processing of lignocellulosic biomass components, based on cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin pyrolysis/torrefaction chemistry data. 10 volatile organic compounds from cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin pyrolysis were identified as potentially harmful due to the following properties: carcinogenicity, toxicity, flammability, skin corrosion/irritation, eye irritation, and mutagenicity, with different degrees of harmfulness. Additionally, the VOCs identified on biochar samples show a potential hazard. Among 140 identified compounds, 33 of them had harmful properties. Therefore, the redeposition on biochar of ketones, aldehydes, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons including polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and their derivatives, esters, and furans may lead to environmental contamination due to their release from biochar. A new niche for systematic research on the development of new knowledge regarding the biochars produced from biomass as a source of pollutant emission has been identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"859 - 886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-024-01557-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140968732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Swelling of oak wood in alcoholic solutions: synergy and memory effects between water and ethanol 酒精溶液中橡木的膨胀：水和乙醇的协同效应和记忆效应

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01556-z

Cédric Dussaut, Julien Colin, Joel Casalinho, Rémi Teissier Du Cros, François Litoux-Desrues, Charlotte Abadie, Patrick Perré

引用次数: 0

Toward the modelling of laminated veneer lumber stiffness and the influence of the number of plies 层压单板木材刚度建模及层数的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01558-x

A. Peignon, J. Serra, A. Cantarel, F. Eyma, B. Castanié

引用次数: 0

Theoretical study on the reaction mechanism of Dakin oxidation: influence of methoxy groups 达金氧化反应机理的理论研究：甲氧基的影响

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01555-0

Shuqi Dong, Zhehui Zhang, Hui Zhang, Xia Du, Zhuohua Sun, Yan Shang, Tingyu Yao

{"title":"Theoretical study on the reaction mechanism of Dakin oxidation: influence of methoxy groups","authors":"Shuqi Dong, Zhehui Zhang, Hui Zhang, Xia Du, Zhuohua Sun, Yan Shang, Tingyu Yao","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01555-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01555-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reaction mechanism of the Dakin reaction for three lignin model compounds was thoroughly investigated using density functional theory (DFT). A more comprehensive atomic and molecular level oxidation mechanism for the Dakin reaction was proposed, complementing the previously reported reaction process. The potential energy surface information for twelve possible channels was obtained at B3LYP/6–311 + G(<i>d,p</i>) level based on the geometry optimization together with the frequency calculation of the stationary points. The influence of substituent effects on the reaction energy barrier of Dakin reaction in lignin model compounds was estimated. The calculated results revealed that the rearrangement reaction of quinone structure primarily involves ring-forming and ring-opening of epoxy group, the ring-forming on O and C of benzene ring and ring-opening on C and C of benzene ring. The energy barriers of Dakin reaction decrease with an increase in the number of methoxy groups in lignin model compounds. Further elucidation of the Dakin reaction mechanism will provide a theoretical foundation for the development of more effective catalytic systems to enhance the valuable utilization of lignin in future applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"1141 - 1152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140932154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between branch scar attributes and knot features in birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens) 桦树（Betula pendula 和 B. pubescens）枝痕属性与树结特征之间的关系

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01554-1

Christian Kuehne, Katrin Zimmer, Aaron Smith

{"title":"The relationship between branch scar attributes and knot features in birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens)","authors":"Christian Kuehne, Katrin Zimmer, Aaron Smith","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01554-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01554-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is currently no quality sorting of harvested hardwood timber in Norway on a national scale. Medium- and high-quality logs including those from birch (<i>Betula pubescens</i> Ehrh., <i>B. pendula</i> Roth) are thus not utilized according to their potential monetary value. Increased domestic utilization of quality birch timber requires that the quality of harvested logs be properly assessed for potential end uses. A preferred sorting procedure would use visually detectable external log defects to grade roundwood timber. Knots are an important feature of inner log quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether correlations between branch scar size and knot features could be found in Norwegian birch. Using 168 knots from seven unpruned birch trees, external bark attributes often showed strong correlations with internal wood quality. Both length of the mustache and length of the seal performed well as predictors of stem radius at the time of knot occlusion. The presence of a broken off branch stub as part of an occluded knot significantly increased the knot-effected stem radius, proving that the practice of removing branches and branch stubs along the lower trunk is a crucial measure if quality timber production is the primary management goal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"907 - 921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-024-01554-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140932017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protein content and antioxidant enzymes activity in reaction wood of poplar and their response to different levels of sustained bending stress 杨树反应木中的蛋白质含量和抗氧化酶活性及其对不同程度持续弯曲应力的响应

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01553-2

Abasali Masoumi, Jason Grabosky, Frank W. Telewski

{"title":"Protein content and antioxidant enzymes activity in reaction wood of poplar and their response to different levels of sustained bending stress","authors":"Abasali Masoumi, Jason Grabosky, Frank W. Telewski","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01553-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01553-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The histogenesis of reaction wood in woody plants is a promising area of exploration for emerging wood technology products and for a generalized understanding of stress physiology. The activity of total protein and antioxidant enzymes were measured during the development of normal and reaction wood (opposite wood and tension wood) in the bole of poplar trees (<i>Populous alba</i> L.) induced by two levels of sustained bending stress to produce moderate and severe reaction wood. Four-year-old poplars were induced to produce reaction wood by sustained bending to 0, 35 and 80° from the vertical position. The activity of antioxidant enzymes was studied with repeated sampling during one growing season. Severe reaction wood showed higher levels of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and enzymes than moderate reaction wood. Tension wood showed a higher accumulation of total protein than opposite wood at the beginning and end of the bending treatment and opposite wood showed higher enzymatic activity. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and antioxidant enzymes were also sensitive to mechanical bending stress; compared to normal wood, tension wood and opposite wood which showed higher enzymatic activity coupled with higher amounts of total H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Ascorbate peroxidase was more active than glutathione peroxidase in both tension and opposite wood at some periods of sampling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"1077 - 1093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multilevel analysis of six species of Phyllostachys bamboo and Arundo donax: preliminary survey on Italian grown stands 六种竹子和 Arundo donax 的多层次分析：对意大利种植林的初步调查

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01547-0

Silvia Greco, Luisa Molari, Giovanni Valdrè, Jose Jaime Garcia

{"title":"Multilevel analysis of six species of Phyllostachys bamboo and Arundo donax: preliminary survey on Italian grown stands","authors":"Silvia Greco, Luisa Molari, Giovanni Valdrè, Jose Jaime Garcia","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01547-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01547-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper focuses on a multilevel analysis considering six species of bamboo of the <i>Phyllostachys</i> family (<i>P. bambusoides</i>, <i>edulis</i>, <i>iridescens</i>, <i>viridiglaucescens</i>, <i>violacescens</i>, and <i>vivax</i>) and <i>Arundo donax</i> grown in temperate climates, most of them not already studied in the literature. The analysis is divided into three levels. The analysis at the first level (the microscopic scale) includes an anatomical study to assess the shapes and dimensions of the vascular bundles and the sclerenchymatic and parenchymatic tissues. At the second mesoscale level, the percentage and distribution of the fibres, voids and parenchyma are calculated. At the third level, the macroscopic one, a discussion of the influence of the microscopical properties on mechanical properties is carried out. Despite the limited number of specimens analysed at the microscale level, differences between species emerged from the analysis and influenced the macroscopic characteristic values. In particular, the morphology of the components differs, especially in the case of <i>Arundo donax</i>, which presents a unique distribution of its components along the culm wall. Different contents of each component are observed for the species analysed. Moreover, an innovative analysis that focuses on the presence and distribution of voids is presented, which have a fundamental role in the mechanical behaviour of this material. The analysis did not account for the influence of the environment on composition or anatomical and physical characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"1025 - 1049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-024-01547-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140662009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant cell wall reconstruction towards enhancing moisture stability and toughness by assembling delignified wood with alkali lignin 通过用碱木质素组装脱木质素木材，重建植物细胞壁以提高水分稳定性和韧性

IF 3.1 2区农林科学

Wood Science and Technology Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00226-024-01552-3

Feng Gu, Xiuxue Niu, Daquan Zhang, Zhaosheng Cai, Wangxia Wang, Junlong Song, Yongcan Jin, Huining Xiao

{"title":"Plant cell wall reconstruction towards enhancing moisture stability and toughness by assembling delignified wood with alkali lignin","authors":"Feng Gu, Xiuxue Niu, Daquan Zhang, Zhaosheng Cai, Wangxia Wang, Junlong Song, Yongcan Jin, Huining Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s00226-024-01552-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-024-01552-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing a moisture-stable structural material with high toughness is essential for improving the stability of packaging and building materials. Wood is a pervasive structural material with naturally good mechanical properties. However, insufficient moisture stability and toughness compromises its safety and structural requirements. Herein, we constructed a moisture-stable wood veneer with high toughness by assembling the choline chloride-ethanolamine delignified wood with alkali lignin, followed by hot-pressing to densify the material. Lignin can be assembled into the microchannel of the delignified wood as a filler and binder for reducing molecular transportation and increasing internal bonding. The enhanced tensile strength (582.0 MPa) and strain (3.6%) are accompanied by a significant increase in the toughness to 11.1 MJ/m<sup>3</sup>, which is 37 times higher than that of natural wood. The excellent mechanical property can be preserved to a large extent after retaining in tropic moisture conditions (38 °C, 90% RH) with retention of 66.2% and 60.8% for tensile strength and toughness, respectively. A stable water contact angle on the surface and limited water adsorption of reconstructed wood indicate a lowered water infiltration velocity, suggesting highly improved moisture stability as needed for structural materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"58 3","pages":"923 - 939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140678576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0