Aquaculture Research最新文献

{"title":"Waterborne Geosmin Biokinetics in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Part II—Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Multi-Compartment Model","authors":"Matteo Egiddi,&nbsp;Isik R. Türkmen,&nbsp;Andrea Buettner,&nbsp;Jonathan Beauchamp","doi":"10.1155/are/3291319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3291319","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The organoleptic quality of aquaculture products is often diminished by off-flavours described as ‘earthy’ or ‘mouldy’, typically associated with the odour compound geosmin. While compartmental bioconcentration models for geosmin exist, a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) multi-compartment model that maps its organ-specific distribution has not been established to date. This study proposes a PBTK model for waterborne geosmin uptake in liver, blood, fillet and residual biomass of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) using a hybrid machine learning approach. To address initial data limitation, polynomial regression coefficients from sparse experimental data (Part I) were used to generate interpolating synthetic time-series data via Monte Carlo sampling. Empirical and synthetic datasets were combined to train three machine learning models, whereby random forest (RF) regression showed the best predictive performance and was selected to validate the expanded dataset. A PBTK ordinary differential equations (ODEs) model was formulated, incorporating literature-derived physiological parameters for blood, liver, fillet and unsampled residual biomass. The RF regression model provided data to solve the ODEs, and rate constants for uptake, excretion and metabolic biotransformation of geosmin, interpreted as intrinsic tissue-based kinetic parameters, were optimised through R-based DEoptim and Optim algorithms. The numerically solved model refined kinetic parameters from prior compartmental models, highlighted the central role of liver in geosmin metabolism and allowed a detailed characterisation of organ-specific geosmin distribution in fish. The hybrid approach improved descriptive accuracy and enhanced the understanding of geosmin bioconcentration dynamics, with implications for aquaculture practices and geosmin mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3291319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Non-Lethal Transillumination Method for Early Sex Identification in Juvenile Turbot (Scophthalmidae: Scophthalmus maximus)","authors":"İlhan Aydın,&nbsp;Ömerhan Dürrani","doi":"10.1155/are/1020900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/1020900","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aquaculture profitability in turbot (<i>Scophthalmus maximus</i>) is strongly influenced by sex-specific growth, as females generally outperform males under culture conditions and therefore may provide greater production efficiency. This study evaluated dry-chamber transillumination as a rapid, low-cost, and non-lethal method for early sex identification in juvenile turbot. Thirty-nine hatchery-produced juveniles from two family groups, ranging from 16.3 to 26.6 cm in total length and from 58.5 to 268.0 g in body weight, were examined on a transparent acrylic surface using light transmitted from below by a bottom-mounted 150 W daylight lamp while fish were viewed from the dorsal side. Sex was assigned using five predefined visual criteria: gonadal size, shape and longitudinal elongation, contrast, pigmentation or darkened silhouette and posterior extension within the body cavity. Classifications were validated by gonad weighing and microscopic sex confirmation. Microscopy identified 19 females and 20 males. Under transmitted light, females showed an elongated gonadal silhouette extending posteriorly within the body cavity, whereas males showed smaller, less distinct gonadal tissue mainly restricted to the anterior abdominal region. All transillumination-based classifications matched microscopic sex confirmation, yielding 100% observed agreement under the tested conditions (<i>n</i> = 39; exact binomial 95% CI: 91.0%–100%). The lowest successfully classified fish weighed 58.5 g, representing the lowest tested body weight in this study rather than a lower operational threshold. Within the examined size range, dry-chamber transillumination may support early sex-based management in juvenile turbot; however, broader validation across smaller body-weight classes, additional stocks, hatcheries, rearing conditions, and independent observers remains necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/1020900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Post-Mortem Colour Changes in Fish Eye, Gills and Skin Using Hyperspectral Imaging","authors":"Konstantina E. Gleni,&nbsp;Bruno Jesus,&nbsp;Bede Ffinian Rowe Davies,&nbsp;Michail Pavlidis,&nbsp;Laurent Barillé","doi":"10.1155/are/2363342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/2363342","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Freshness is one of the critical attributes of fish quality and is of great importance in aquaculture, as post-mortem changes can affect consumer acceptance and market value. This study aims to assess the potential use of hyperspectral imaging to determine colour parameters and monitor colour changes in three aquaculture fish species (<i>Sparus aurata</i>, <i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> and <i>Pagrus major</i>) during storage. Hyperspectral images were collected over 10 days of storage in ice starting on the third day post-harvest. Reflectance images were calculated, and region of interest, ROIs (eye, gill and body parts), were identified. The reflectance images were transformed into the CIE <span></span><math></math> colour space, and <span></span><math></math> (lightness), <span></span><math></math> (green to red) and <span></span><math></math> (blue to yellow) were estimated. Additionally, spectral signatures for each ROI were obtained. A significant increase of <span></span><math></math> on the eye and a decrease of <span></span><math></math> on the gill was observed for all species during storage time, while in <i>Pagrus major</i> there was also a decrease of the <span></span><math></math> and <span></span><math></math> in the dorsal and ventral skin areas. Significant relationships were found between the sensory score, obtained by a pilot sensory evaluation, and the colour values, associating the deterioration of quality with the post-mortem colour changes observed. This work demonstrates the potential of hyperspectral imaging as a tool to evaluate external fish colouration in relation to fish quality deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/2363342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Hypnea pseudomusciformis (Rhodophyta) in Land-Based Systems and Chemical Evaluations Applied to Bioproducts","authors":"Danilo Cintra Proença,&nbsp;Oseas de Paula Ribeiro,&nbsp;Johana Marcela Concha Obando,&nbsp;Thalisia Cunha dos Santos,&nbsp;Aryanne Rodrigues de Lima Costa,&nbsp;Bruna Roque Loureiro,&nbsp;Carlos Augusto Prata Gaona,&nbsp;Guilherme Wolff Bueno,&nbsp;Levi Pompermayer Machado","doi":"10.1155/are/2595487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/2595487","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global demand for macroalgae as a raw material has increased in recent decades, driven by its use in food, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture. Species of the genus <i>Hypnea</i> are widely exploited as sources of kappa-carrageenan and have been cultivated in several countries. In Brazil, however, large-scale seaweed farming remains constrained by technological challenges in seedling production and biomass productivity. This study aimed to develop and validate bioprocess technologies for the land-based cultivation of <i>Hypnea pseudomusciformis</i>, from seedling production to pilot-scale biomass growth, with a focus on growth performance and biomass quality. Micropropagation experiments evaluated enriched culture media and tested various seawater sterilization methods; ultraviolet (UV) radiation proved to be as effective as conventional treatments and more suitable for scaling. A simplified mineral nutrient solution (MNS, 10 mL·L⁻¹) performed comparably to the von Stosch-enriched solution (VSES), with no significant differences in relative growth rate (RGR), and enrichment with bromide, vanadium, and vitamins promoted greater biomass accumulation. At pilot scale, different land-based cultivation systems were assessed under semicontrolled outdoor conditions, using an initial biomass density of 100 mg·L⁻¹ and a 21-day cultivation period. Environmental conditions included natural light exposure (up to 670 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹), salinity between 25 and 27 ppt, and water temperatures ranging from 20 to 31°C. The upflow conical tank system achieved the highest RGR (11.59 ± 1.2%·day⁻¹), outperforming tubular and floating net systems. Biomass produced in the conical system exhibited high protein content (20% dry weight), a favorable pigment profile, and elevated mineral concentrations, including iron and potassium, exceeding values reported for conventional seaweed biofertilizers. Overall, the results suggest that <i>H. pseudomusciformis</i> can be efficiently cultivated in land-based systems using potentially scalable bioprocesses, producing biomass with a suitable chemical composition for use as a biofertilizer and other bioproduct applications in the agribusiness sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/2595487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Bovine Lactoferricin on the Immunity, Antioxidant, and Metabolism of Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Based on Transcriptome Analysis","authors":"Yi Zhuang,&nbsp;Yi-Ran Zhao,&nbsp;Guo-Fang Zhong,&nbsp;Liang-Fa Zhang,&nbsp;Nu-An Wang,&nbsp;Chao Zeng","doi":"10.1155/are/1543634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/1543634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examined how dietary bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) affected the growth performance, nonspecific immunity, antioxidant, and glucolipid metabolism of <i>Penaeus vannamei</i>. A total of 240 shrimp were randomly assigned to two groups in triplicate in six tanks for an 8-week feeding trial. Shrimp in the LfcinB (LCB) group showed significantly higher weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate (SR) compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The results of immune and antioxidant capacity indicated that alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities in the LCB group were significantly elevated compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the LCB group showed a marked increase compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the LCB group was significantly lower than that in the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Transcriptome results revealed that not only did immune-related genes significantly change, but numerous genes associated with glycolipid metabolism also exhibited significant changes. Compared with the control group, the relative expression levels of <i>LZM</i>, <i>SOD</i>, <i>IMD</i>, <i>Toll</i>, and <i>JAK</i> genes were significantly higher in the LCB group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The relative expression levels of <i>CAT</i> and <i>STAT</i> genes in the LCB group were significantly elevated (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Results of glucolipid metabolism indicated a significant decrease in the relative expression of <i>FAS</i> and <i>ACC</i> genes in the LCB group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while relative expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (<i>CPT-1</i>) gene in the LCB group was significantly higher than that in the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control, the relative expression levels of <i>PK</i> and <i>PFK</i> genes were significantly higher in the LCB group, but the relative expression of the <i>PEPCK</i> gene was significantly lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). This study demonstrated that LfcinB was able to improve the immunity of <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> and effectively regulate the glycolipid metabolism of the shrimp. As a brand-new feed additive without the risk of drug resistance, LfcinB holds great potential for future applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/1543634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Sea Lettuce (Ulva lactuca) Enhances the Levels of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Muscle of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Mary A. Opiyo,&nbsp;Patricia Muendo,&nbsp;Kevin Mbogo,&nbsp;Benard O. Maranga,&nbsp;Charles C. Ngugi,&nbsp;Harrison Charo-Karisa,&nbsp;Julius Nzeve,&nbsp;William Leschen,&nbsp;Brett D. Glencross,&nbsp;Douglas R. Tocher","doi":"10.1155/are/7984665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7984665","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effects of adding <i>Ulva lactuca</i> to the diets of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) on growth performance, body composition, and fatty acid profiles were evaluated through a 12-week feeding trial. Five isonitrogenous diets (30%; 300 g kg⁻¹ crude protein) were prepared with increasing amounts of <i>U. lactuca</i>: (control, <i>U</i>₀), 5% (<i>U</i>₅), 10% (<i>U</i>₁₀), 15% (<i>U</i>₁₅), and 20% (<i>U</i>₂₀). Nile tilapia with an initial mean weight of 2.0 ± 0.01 g were randomly distributed into 50-L flow-through plastic tanks in triplicate and fed to apparent satiation twice daily. Fish fed the diet <i>U</i>₀ showed significantly higher weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared with those receiving <i>U. lactuca</i>-based diets (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Among the <i>U. lactuca</i>-based diets, the <i>U</i>₁₅ group achieved the highest growth with the final weight and SGR comparable to <i>U</i>₀ (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Survival rates ranged between 90.7% and 96.7% and differed significantly among dietary groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Inclusion of <i>U. lactuca</i> significantly influenced whole-body proximate composition and fatty acid profiles (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Levels of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), increased progressively with higher dietary <i>U. lactuca</i> inclusion (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), which may point to selective retention of LC-PUFAs. Overall findings suggest that incorporating <i>U. lactuca</i> at 15% improves muscle n-3 LC-PUFA (EPA + DHA) content without substantially affecting growth, supporting its possible suitability in diets for juvenile Nile tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7984665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148616424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Responses in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Exposed to Toluene or Benzene Under Thermal Stress","authors":"Hossam A. AboElkhair,&nbsp;El-Sabry Abu Amra,&nbsp;Hamdy A. M. Soliman,&nbsp;Alaa El‑Din H. Sayed","doi":"10.1155/are/6005474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/6005474","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pollution and climate change are increasingly recognized as interacting stressors that may exacerbate risks to aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of thermal stress combined with benzene or toluene exposure in Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). To achieve this, fish were randomly allocated into six experimental groups. The control group was kept at water temperature (29 ± 1°C). while the second group was put under thermal stress at (34 ± 1°C). The third group was subjected to benzene (6.1 mg/L) under thermal-stress conditions (34 ± 1°C), whereas the fourth group was exposed to toluene (5.9 mg/L) under the same thermal-stress conditions (34 ± 1°C). The fifth group received benzene (6.1 mg/L) at the normal water temperature (29 ± 1°C), while the sixth group was exposed to toluene (5.9 mg/L) at the normal water temperature (29 ± 1°C) for 2 weeks. The results revealed marked hematological alterations. Red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) parameters showed significant decreases in fish exposed to thermal stress combined with benzene or toluene compared with the control and their corresponding single-stressor groups. In contrast, white blood cell (WBC) counts, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and MCH concentration (MCHC) increased significantly. Moreover, levels of nuclear abnormalities, poikilocytosis, apoptotic erythrocytes, and DNA damage indices measured by the comet assay significantly increased in thermal stress and benzene or toluene groups, compared to the control and their individual exposure groups. The results of the study serve as a solid foundation to the hemotoxic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic hazards of thermal and benzene or toluene to Nile tilapia, emphasizing the importance of assessing the interaction between elevated temperature and benzene or toluene in Nile tilapia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/6005474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Growth-Regulatory Mechanisms of 17α-Methyltestosterone in Marbled Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)","authors":"Luyao Cheng,&nbsp;Lifang Li,&nbsp;Zhen Meng,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Sun,&nbsp;Wenteng Xu,&nbsp;Yongjiang Xu,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Rongjing Xu","doi":"10.1155/are/4039042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/4039042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To optimize all-female production in marbled flounder (<i>Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae</i>), a species with marked female-biased growth, hormonal induction of pseudomales using 17<i>α</i>-methyltestosterone (MT) is essential. However, its impact on somatic growth is dose-dependent, and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study employed transcriptome sequencing of muscle and liver to decipher the molecular basis of growth regulation in juveniles fed diets containing 0, 0.5, or 2.0 mg/kg MT. Phenotypically, the 0.5 mg/kg dose sustained growth, while the 2.0 mg/kg dose caused significant inhibition, aligning with prior data. RNA-seq revealed a hierarchical transcriptional response. The low dose induced modest changes primarily in metabolic and signaling pathways. Strikingly, the high dose triggered a potent, coordinated activation of core anabolic and proliferative pathways (e.g., cell cycle, ribosome biogenesis, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis) in both tissues. Crucially, this activation in muscle was paralleled by a pronounced suppression of the systemic growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis, evidenced by the downregulation of <i>igf1</i> and <i>ghr</i>. This conflict between activated cellular biosynthesis and repressed endocrine growth signaling provides a direct mechanistic explanation for the high-dose growth inhibition. Tissue specialization was evident: muscle transcriptomes emphasized structural construction, whereas hepatic responses centered on metabolic reprogramming and proliferation. Key gene expression trends were validated by qRT-PCR. Our findings elucidate that the growth-suppressive effect of high-dose MT originates from a maladaptive transcriptional imbalance. They provide a strong molecular rationale for employing the 0.5 mg/kg MT dosage to achieve effective sex reversal without compromising growth in marbled flounder aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/4039042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudodiaptomus marinus as a Promising Alternative Live Food for Improving the Growth Performance and Fatty Acid Composition of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Postlarvae","authors":"Masrialah Nurul Nadiah,&nbsp;Fatimah Md. Yusoff,&nbsp;Wahidah Ahmad Dini Umi,&nbsp;Zafri Hassan,&nbsp;Ferdaus Mohamat-Yusuff,&nbsp;Muhammad Farhan Nazarudin,&nbsp;Yam Sim Khaw,&nbsp;Hui Teng Tan,&nbsp;Ikhsan Natrah","doi":"10.1155/are/3171822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3171822","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reliance on <i>Artemia</i> as the primary live food in <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i> hatcheries is constrained by its limited content of essential fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which may compromise postlarval quality. This study evaluated the potential of the calanoid copepod <i>Pseudodiaptomus marinus</i> as a promising alternative live food to <i>Artemia</i> for <i>M. rosenbergii</i> postlarvae (PL). Three feeding regimes, commercial pellet, <i>Artemia</i> sp., and <i>P. marinus</i> were assessed over a 15-day feeding trial using day-5 PL. Growth performance, survival, proximate composition, fatty acid profiles, and water quality parameters were analyzed. <i>P. marinus</i> demonstrated a more balanced nutritional profile, characterized by higher levels of protein, lipid, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), and DHA, while <i>Artemia</i> lacked DHA and the pellet contained higher proportions of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and n-6 PUFA. These nutritional differences translated into distinct biological responses: PL fed <i>P. marinus</i> exhibited the highest growth performance (98.7% weight gain and 39.4% length increase), followed by pellet-fed and <i>Artemia</i>-fed PL. Survival rates were comparable (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) among all groups. Furthermore, <i>P. marinus</i>-fed PL displayed improved fatty acid deposition, characterized by substantial enrichment of DHA and n-3 PUFA. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that <i>P. marinus</i> enhances the growth performance and lipid composition of <i>M. rosenbergii</i> PL, accentuating its potential as a promising alternative live food for freshwater prawn hatcheries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3171822","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Oxidative and Metabolic Responses and Histopathology of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) to Acute Salinity Stress","authors":"Rahma Aboueleila,&nbsp;Moustafa Saleh,&nbsp;Mohamed Fekri Badran,&nbsp;Jixiang Hua,&nbsp;Yalun Dong,&nbsp;Siqi Lu,&nbsp;Wenjing Tao,&nbsp;Jun Qiang,&nbsp;Yifan Tao","doi":"10.1155/are/8533454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/8533454","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As freshwater resources become increasingly limited, the expansion of aquaculture into brackish environments necessitates a deeper understanding of salinity stress tolerance in economically important species. Red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) is widely cultured due to its relative salinity tolerance; however, the hepatic physiological and molecular responses underlying acute salinity stress remain insufficiently characterized. In this study, red tilapia were maintained in freshwater (0.0‰, control) or exposed to saline water (17.7‰ ± 0.1‰) and sampled at multiple time points to evaluate liver histopathology, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and gene expression responses. The 192-h LC₅₀ was estimated at 17.74‰, with a pronounced mortality window observed between 48 and 96 h of exposure. Acute salinity stress induced marked hepatotoxicity, characterized by oxidative damage and metabolic dysregulation. Antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), exhibited a biphasic response, with early activation followed by significant depletion, accompanied by progressive lipid peroxidation indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Concurrent metabolic disturbances were evidenced by increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, hyperglycemia, altered lipid profiles, and histological steatosis. Elevated hepatic cortisol levels further confirmed a localized stress response. Gene expression analysis across five time points revealed significant upregulation of <i>lta4h</i>, <i>ltc4s</i>, <i>cbr1</i>, <i>soat1</i>, and <i>cyp24a1</i> in the salinity-exposed group. Gene expression analysis across five time points revealed significant upregulation of <i>lta4h</i>, <i>ltc4s</i>, <i>cbr1</i>, <i>soat1</i>, and <i>cyp24a1</i> in the salinity-exposed group. The altered expression of genes associated with arachidonic acid metabolism and steroid biosynthesis suggests their involvement in inflammation and lipid metabolic imbalance under salinity stress. These results demonstrate that acute salinity exposure triggers a time-dependent pathological cascade in the liver of red tilapia involving oxidative stress, metabolic disruption, and inflammatory activation. This integrated physiological and molecular framework provides valuable insight into salinity-induced hepatotoxicity and offers potential targets for improving salinity tolerance in tilapia aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/8533454","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148615520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}