Aquaculture Research最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of Algal Turf Scrubber Biomass in Sea Urchin (Lytechinus variegatus) Diets","authors":"Magnus Krever,&nbsp;Kosta Tzanis,&nbsp;Destiny Sauls,&nbsp;Ryan Gerald,&nbsp;Michelle Lowery,&nbsp;Henna Gavem,&nbsp;Anthony Siccardi","doi":"10.1155/are/7950801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7950801","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study evaluated the growth indices in sea urchins fed varying levels of algal turf scrubber (ATS) biomass for the partial replacement of dietary menhaden fishmeal. Juvenile <i>Lytechinus variegatus</i> were fed four formulated diets with differentiating levels of ATS biomass (10%, 10%, 20%, and 50%). Biomass was harvested from two ATS systems, one receiving treated wastewater effluent and the other incorporated into a hydroponics system. A 12-week growth trial was conducted, and each sea urchin (<i>n</i> = 100) was weighed and fed daily. Diets were formulated using Agri-Data Systems Pro 5 (Version 2.41, Agri-Data Systems). Four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were prepared. At the end of the growth trial, no significant differences were found in final weight, final diameter, and survival across all diets. All treatments performed well based on condition level and higher levels of ATS biomass did not indicate reduced growth or dietary utilization. Final weights of dry test, and dry gut, were not significantly different between treatments, except for dry gonad compared with menhaden fish meal. These findings indicate that in sea urchin diets, partial replacement of fish meal with ATS biomass is well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7950801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Oxytetracycline on the Immune Response and Expression of Immune-Related Genes in European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L. 1758)","authors":"Canan Öntaş Kurtboğan,&nbsp;Esin Baba,&nbsp;Menekşe Didem Demircan","doi":"10.1155/are/5777442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/5777442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Antibiotics are extensively used in aquaculture to treat and prevent bacterial diseases, but their application can lead to negative side effects such as immunosuppression. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a widely used antibiotic in aquaculture for treating bacterial diseases due to its broad-spectrum activity and economic advantage. This study appraises the effects of OTC treatment on the immune response of European sea bass (<i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i>, L. 1758) by assessing immune-related gene expression, serological parameters, hematological parameters, and histological findings. Fish were divided into three groups: control (fed with nonsupplemented OTC), 75 mg OTC kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ feed, and 100 mg OTC kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ feed for 21 days. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis on the 4th, 7th, 10th, 14th, and 21st day of OTC feeding. The results showed a decrease in immune response parameters such as nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) positive cell, total white blood cells (WBCs), serum lysozyme activity, serum Ig-M levels, and serum complement activity for OTC-fed fish, while immune-related genes (<i>Lys-g</i>, <i>Ig-M</i>, interleukin (<i>IL</i>)-<i>1β</i>, <i>C3</i>, and major histocompatibility complex [<i>MHC</i>]<i>–IIα</i>) were significantly downregulated in kidney and spleen tissues, especially with prolonged exposure. The study hypothesized that long-term use of antibiotics in fish disrupts the functioning of the immune system. As a result of the study, the hypothesis was confirmed, and using OTC for longer than the normal treatment period or in high doses caused negative changes in the immune system parameters and made fish more susceptible to other pathogens.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/5777442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and Localization of Piwil1 During Gonadal Development in Monopterus albus","authors":"Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Yongzhi Li,&nbsp;Mei Chen,&nbsp;Jiali Jin,&nbsp;Huamei Yue,&nbsp;Huan Ye,&nbsp;Rui Ruan,&nbsp;Chuangju Li","doi":"10.1155/are/8161999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/8161999","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>PIWI proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are crucial for gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and stem cell maintenance in animals. The <i>Piwil1</i> (<i>Piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 1</i>) gene has rapidly evolved in the protogynous hermaphrodite ricefield eel (<i>Monopterus albus</i>) compared to other teleosts. Notably, there is a significant reduction in DNA methylation levels and an increase in the expression levels of the <i>Piwil1</i> gene in testes compared to those in ovaries. However, the role of <i>Piwil1</i> in the gonadogenesis of ricefield eel remains unclear. This study elucidated the histomorphological characteristics of ricefield eel gonads at different developmental stages and analyzed the expression and localization of <i>Piwil1</i> using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence. Histological analysis showed that the female gonad contained oocytes at different developmental stages, the intersex gonad had both ovarian and testicular tissues, and the male gonad included spermatogenic cells and testicular lobules. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot indicated significantly higher <i>Piwil1</i> expression in the ovary, intersexual gonad, and testis compared to other tissues, with levels increasing during gonadal differentiation and peaking in the testis. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that the PIWIL1 protein was abundantly localized in the cytoplasm of immature oocytes, granulosa cells surrounding the oocytes, spermatogonia, and primary spermatocytes. Importantly, in both the ovary and testis, the expression of <i>Piwil1</i> initially increased but then decreased at the mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that <i>Piwil1</i> might play a crucial role in gonadal development and gametogenesis in ricefield eels.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/8161999","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) Extract Supplementation on Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Growth Performance, Immune Responses, and Gene Expression","authors":"Ebru Yilmaz,&nbsp;Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh,&nbsp;Sevdan Yilmaz","doi":"10.1155/are/7950238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7950238","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with valerian (<i>Valeriana officinalis</i>) extract on growth performance, immune responses, and gene expression in common carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>). Four experimental diets (V-0, V-0.25, V-0.5, and V-1) containing 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% valerian extract were administered for 30 days. Dietary supplementation did not significantly influence growth performance (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity remained unchanged except in the high-dose group (V-1), while malondialdehyde (MDA) activity was significantly reduced in the V-0.25 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity increased in the V-1 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity decreased in the V-0.25 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Albumin (ALB) levels were elevated in the V-1 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while globulin (GLB) levels increased in all valerian-supplemented groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Creatinine (CRT) levels rose significantly only in the V-1 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and cholesterol levels decreased in the 0.5% and 1% groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed an increase in interleukin-1 beta (<i>IL-1β</i>) expression in the V-0.5 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) but reductions in <i>IL-10</i> and heat shock protein 70 (<i>HSP70</i>) in the V-0.25 group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) gene expression levels significantly decreased in the groups fed with 0.25% and 0.5% valerian extract (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while catalase (<i>CAT</i>) gene expression levels significantly decreased in the groups fed with 0.25% and 0.5% valerian extract (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>GPX</i> gene expression levels declined across all experimental groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (<i>TNF-α</i>) gene expression showed no significant changes (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of valerian extract as a functional feed additive. However, further research with extended feeding durations and varying doses is required to understand its physiological effects in aquaculture better.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7950238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics and Spirulina platensis Improved Growth Performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by Upgrading Intestinal Morphology and Activating GH/IGF Axis","authors":"Muallimul Islam,&nbsp;Haphsa Khanom,&nbsp;Naimul Islam,&nbsp;Fouzia Fariha,&nbsp;Bilal Ahamad Paray,&nbsp;Md Mahiuddin Zahangir,&nbsp;Md Shahjahan","doi":"10.1155/are/1839162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/1839162","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Probiotics and spirulina are used to improve health, growth, and immunity of fish. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of water additive probiotics and dietary <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on growth (weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR)), hematobiochemical parameters (hemoglobin (Hb) and blood glucose (Glu)), intestinal histology, and genes (growth hormone (<i>gh</i>) in pituitary and insulin-like growth factors: <i>igf-1</i> and <i>igf-2</i> in liver) expression profiles of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>). Nile tilapia was distributed to three treatment groups: Control (no probiotics or spirulina), Probiotic (probiotics 1.0 mL/L in water), and Spirulina (<i>Spirulina platensis</i>, 50 g/kg feed), each with three replicates for 42 days. Fish supplemented with probiotic and spirulina exhibited significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) WG (21.66 ± 2.92 g and 25.63 ± 3.92 g, respectively) and SGR (2.30 ± 0.16 and 2.18 ± 0.14%/day, respectively) than the control group. Hb and blood Glu levels showed negligible variation (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) among the groups. The abundance of mucus producing goblet cells (GCs) was highest in fish reared with probiotic and spirulina treatments compared to the control group. Relative mRNA levels of <i>gh</i> in the pituitary were expressed profoundly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in fish reared with probiotics and spirulina treatments compared to the control group. Relative mRNA levels of <i>igf-1</i> in the liver expressed significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the fish fed with spirulina, whereas the relative mRNA levels of <i>igf-2</i> expressed significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the fish subjected to probiotic treatment than control group. Principal component analysis (PCA) also supported the influence of probiotic and spirulina regarding growth performance over control treatment. These findings showed that probiotic and spirulina positively affect growth by improving intestine morphology and activating the GH/IGF axis in Nile tilapia.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/1839162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time and Concentration Effects of Amino Acid Supplements on Stress Responses in the Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)","authors":"Natalia Salamanca,&nbsp;Inmaculada Giráldez,&nbsp;Ignacio de la Rosa,&nbsp;Marcelino Herrera","doi":"10.1155/are/7002255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7002255","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>It has been reported that phenylalanine (Phe) or tyrosine (Tyr) supplementations significantly affect fish stress and welfare biomarkers. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of Phe/Tyr in the diet and feeding time necessary to mitigate stress. Seabreams (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) were stocked at 5 kg m⁻³ in 500 L tanks. The experimental treatments consisted of different types of feeding: control, Phe-enriched (5%, 7.5%, 10% on dry food), and Tyr-enriched (5%, 7.5%, 10%) food for 2, 4, or 8 days each. At the end of each experimental treatment, fish were sampled for blood, and 10 fish from each treatment were previously subjected to stress by exposure to air (3 min) and sampled 30 min and 2 h later. Plasma glucose, lactate, proteins, cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline concentrations were measured. Dietary Tyr supplements led to high mortalities in long treatments (8 days). The best results for attenuating stress biomarkers were found for the 10% Tyr supplements for 4 days since this treatment kept the maximum number of stress biomarkers with no significant changes. The correlations between biomarker concentrations and amino acid (AA) concentration/supply time were not always significant, though it seems that Tyr supplements present more consistent effects, the increase in Tyr concentration or feeding period being related to decreasing biomarker concentrations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7002255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Glycine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Activity, Immunity, and Muscle Tissue Structure of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Under Fermented Soybean Meal Substitution","authors":"Jieyu Dai,&nbsp;Songming Chen,&nbsp;Qiang Chen,&nbsp;Fen Dong,&nbsp;Yunping Tang,&nbsp;Jiteng Wang,&nbsp;Sheenan Harpaz,&nbsp;Tao Han","doi":"10.1155/are/3107866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3107866","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Exogenous amino acid supplementation has become a nutritional strategy to improve the tolerance of whiteleg shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) to a high proportion of vegetable protein diets. In the present study, the effects of glycine in high-proportion fermented soybean meal (FSBM) feed for shrimp were verified. SBM fermented by <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> was used to replace 50%, 75%, and 100% of fish meal (FM), respectively. Concomitantly, 1% glycine was added to the diets containing FSBM. After an 8-week feeding trial, FSBM substitution significantly inhibited the growth parameters of shrimp, including weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR). Glycine supplementation significantly alleviated the inhibition of growth performance induced by 50% FSBM substitution but not in the 75% and 100% FSBM substitution groups. Glycine significantly increased the level of glycine in the muscle. In addition, glycine supplementation improved the structure of hepatopancreas and increased the length of sarcomeres and myofiber density in muscle tissue. RT-qPCR results revealed that glycine inhibited the mRNA expression of <i>smyhc1</i> and <i>smyhc2</i>. Further investigation revealed that glycine enhanced the antioxidant capacity in muscle tissue and inhibited the mRNA expression of immune genes, including <i>traf6</i>, <i>toll</i>, and <i>lgbp</i>, caused by FSBM substitution. In summary, the results indicated that appropriate glycine supplementation could ensure that 50% FSBM substitution of FM did not affect the growth performance of shrimp. Moreover, glycine may improve the structure of muscle tissue by enhancing antioxidant capacity and immunity. This study further emphasized the crucial role of glycine in the development of low FM feed for shrimp.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3107866","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Physical Activity and Nutritional Limitation on Amino Acid, Fatty Acid Metabolism, and Biochemical Responses in Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792)","authors":"Gökhan Tunçelli,&nbsp;Onur Ertik,&nbsp;İdil Can Tunçelli,&nbsp;Bertan Boran Bayrak,&nbsp;Özkan Özden,&nbsp;Refiye Yanardag,&nbsp;Devrim Memiş","doi":"10.1155/are/7061643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7061643","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study investigates the synergistic effects of swimming activity and dietary restriction on the metabolic and nutritional characteristics of muscle tissue in juvenile rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, Walbaum, 1792). During a 6-week study, four groups of juvenile rainbow trout, each starting with an average weight of 26.54 ± 0.36 g, were analyzed: the first group was allowed to feed freely in static water (SW group), the second experienced a dietary limitation (25% feed restriction) (LF group), the third was required to swim at a speed of one body length per second (SE group), and the fourth group faced a combination of dietary restriction (25% feed restriction) and enforced swimming activity (SELF group). Swimming activity was implemented using a water flow rate of one body length per second (1 BL s⁻¹), ensuring a standardized exercise intensity. Comprehensive analysis revealed significant alterations in biochemical parameters, amino acid composition, and fatty acid profiles in rainbow trout muscle tissue. The results indicate a decrease in histidine levels (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) with the combined effect of both swimming and feeding restrictions. Additionally, cysteine and semi-essential amino acids (EAAs) showed a decrease (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) solely due to the influence of swimming. As for fatty acid outcomes, linolenic acid exhibited a reduction with the combined impact of both swimming and feeding restrictions (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05), while margaric acid significantly decreased (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) only with the influence of swimming. Crucial shifts in antioxidant defense mechanisms, including glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, were identified, highlighting the roles of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as biochemical parameters. Detailed examination further clarified modifications in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, serving as pivotal indicators of oxidative stress and tissue damage. These findings contribute to a holistic understanding of nutritional dynamics within rainbow trout muscle tissue, offering insights crucial for optimizing fish health and productivity in aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7061643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Affecting Mechanism of Two Diets, Trash Fish or Compound Feed, on Flesh Quality of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Min Feng,&nbsp;Xiaoying Xu,&nbsp;Zhifen Xu,&nbsp;Xiangjun Leng,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Li","doi":"10.1155/are/2563503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/2563503","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study revealed the affecting mechanism of trash fish (TF) and compound feed (CF) on the flesh quality of largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>) based on muscle transcriptome. Largemouth bass weighing 75.0 ± 0.1 g were given TF or CF for a period of 12 weeks. The CF group presented significantly higher feed efficiency (FE) than the TF group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while there was no significant difference in specific growth rate (SGR) between the two groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). A total of 604 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) meeting the significance criteria of <i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.05 and |log2foldchange| &gt; 1 were identified in the muscle transcriptome analysis. Compared to the TF group, 145 DEGs were downregulated, and 459 DEGs were upregulated in the CF group. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways revealed significant enrichment of 401 GO terms and 13 pathways, respectively. In the CF group, there was a notable increase in gene expression in pathways such as arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, cholesterol metabolism, MAPK, and focal adhesion, while there was a decrease in pathways like purine metabolism, apoptosis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and PPAR signaling. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results indicated decreased expression of <i>tni</i> (troponin I, fast skeletal muscle-like) and increased expression of <i>stni</i> (troponin I, slow skeletal muscle-like), <i>ftni</i> (troponin I, fast skeletal muscle), <i>mustn1b</i> (musculoskeletal, embryonic nuclear protein 1b), <i>actn2b</i> (alpha-actinin−2), and <i>hspb1</i> (heat shock protein [HSP] beta 1) in the CF group compared to the TF group. Overall, according to transcriptomics, replacing TF with CF altered the gene expression related to meat and the associated signaling pathways, leading to the meat quality improvement for largemouth bass.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/2563503","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Boost for Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: Unveiling the Multifaceted Effects of Chenopodium album Leaves Powder on Growth, Hematology, Antioxidant Defense, Nonspecific Immunity and Tolerance Against Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"Javed Ahmed Ujan,&nbsp;Khalid Hussain Rind,&nbsp;Osman Sabri Kesbiç,&nbsp;Samrah Masud,&nbsp;Syed Sikandar Habib,&nbsp;Salim S. Al-Rejaie,&nbsp;Mohamed Mohany,&nbsp;Francesco Fazio","doi":"10.1155/are/8919050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/8919050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study assessed the impact of dietary <i>Chenopodium album</i> leaf powder on various aspects of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>), including growth performance, hematological and biochemical profiles, antioxidant status, nonspecific immune response, and resistance to <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> infection. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted with 180 Nile tilapia fingerlings, with an initial average weight of 11.79 ± 0.23 g, fed diets supplemented with increasing levels of <i>C. album</i> at 0, 10, 20, and 30 g/kg. After feeding, the fish underwent an experimental challenge with the pathogen <i>A. hydrophila</i>. Following the challenge, the fish survival was monitored for 14 days. The results demonstrated that as the level of <i>C. album</i> supplementation increased, there were significant (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) improvements in growth performance and a reduction in the feed conversion ratio (FCR). The hematological and biochemical profiles showed significant (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) enhancements in the groups that received <i>C. album</i>-supplemented diets. Additionally, the antioxidant status in the fish serum significantly (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) improved, as evidenced by increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione. The nonspecific immune response, including lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, and fish survival, also exhibited significant (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05) enhancements, particularly in the groups receiving 20–30 g/kg of <i>C. album</i>. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in serum glucose and cortisol levels in the groups fed with 20–30 g/kg of <i>C. album</i>. In conclusion, <i>C. album</i> supplementation at 20–30 g/kg improved growth, immune response, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia. This diet also reduced stress markers, enhancing overall health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/8919050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}