Aquaculture Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Yeast Meal (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a Fishmeal Substitute in High Plant Protein Diets for Hefang Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus cuvieri♀ × Carassius auratus red var♂): Growth, Health, and Gene Expression","authors":"Kelan Jin,&nbsp;Tong Zhou,&nbsp;Yangbo Xiao,&nbsp;Zhuangwen Mao,&nbsp;Shenping Cao,&nbsp;Changjun Liu,&nbsp;Jianzhou Tang","doi":"10.1155/are/7318847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7318847","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aquaculture omnivorous and herbivorous fish frequently use plant proteins to make up for the lack of fish meal, but there are issues with inadequate intake and nutritional imbalance. One possible remedy is the synergistic impact of complex proteins. In this study, a 74-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate dietary yeast (<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>) protein (YP) as a fishmeal (FM) substitute in Hefang crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus cuvieri</i>♀ × <i>Carassius auratus red var</i>♂; initial weight: 40.49 ± 0.13 g). Five low-FM, high-plant protein diets (27% crude protein, 5% crude fat) were formulated with graded YP levels of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, designated as groups YP0, YP1, YP2, YP3, and YP4, respectively. YP replaced FM on an equal-weight basis, with FM decreasing from 4% in YP0% to 0% in YP4. The results showed that YP supplementation did not adversely affect survival rate, total antioxidant capacity, or muscle quality. Notably, the YP3 group (3% YP) achieved the highest final body weight (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), weight gain rate (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and specific growth rate. This growth promotion was associated with the synergistic upregulation of hepatic growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis-related genes (IGF-I and TOR), along with increased intestinal expression of peptide and amino acid transporters (PepT1, ASCT2, LAT2) in the YP3 group. Moreover, the YP3 diet neither increased deamination of excess amino acids nor elevated total nitrogen emissions, and no significant differences were observed in plasma catalase, superoxide dismutase, or lysozyme activities (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 3% YP (replacing 3% FM) promotes optimal growth and health in Hefang crucian carp without compromising physiological status or environmental footprint.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7318847","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose- and Stage-Dependent Effects of Waterborne Administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus PTCC 1637 on Culturable Bacterial Dynamics in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Masoumeh Machanlou,&nbsp;Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo,&nbsp;Ali Hajibeglou,&nbsp;Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar,&nbsp;Ali Jafar Nodeh","doi":"10.1155/are/7953917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7953917","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Waterborne probiotic administration has emerged as a practical approach for modulating microbial populations during the early development stages of fish. However, limited information is available regarding the influence of probiotic dosage and timing of exposure on culturable bacterial dynamics in rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>). Therefore, this study evaluated the dose and stage-dependent waterborne administration of <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> PTCC 1637 on culturable bacterial populations from 1 to 60 days postfertilization (dpf). Three treatments (control, 10⁶, and 10⁷ CFU/mL) were applied during the eyed egg stage (1–7 dpf). During the alevin stage (8–20 dpf), five treatments were evaluated, including two additional groups in which probiotic exposure was initiated at hatching. Seven treatments were assessed during the juvenile stage (20–60 dpf), with probiotic application every other day until 20 dpf and every 4 days thereafter. All treatments were conducted in triplicate. Water and fish samples were collected before and 24 h after probiotic application and cultured on nutrient agar (NA) for total culturable bacterial counts and on Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) agar for culturable lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Probiotic supplementation significantly increased total culturable bacterial counts and culturable LAB counts in water and fish-associated samples compared with the control groups (<i>p</i>  &lt; 0.05). The highest values were generally observed in the 10⁷ CFU/mL treatment, particularly when exposure began during earlier developmental stages. In the juvenile stage, culturable intestinal bacterial counts reached 7.96 log CFU/g, while culturable LAB counts reached 5.98 log CFU/g by Day 60. Earlier probiotic exposure resulted in consistently higher culturable LAB counts throughout development. These findings indicate that both probiotic dose and timing of administration influence culturable bacterial dynamics in rainbow trout and provide practical guidance for stage-specific waterborne probiotic application in hatchery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7953917","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Short-Type Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein From Atrina pectinata (ApPGRP) Exhibits Dual Functions in Pattern Recognition and Antibacterial Defense","authors":"Yuanjin Liu,&nbsp;Shuo Sun,&nbsp;Fei Miao,&nbsp;Chunxiao Sun,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Quanli Zhou,&nbsp;Dinglong Yang,&nbsp;Yinyin Feng,&nbsp;Xiaohan Liu","doi":"10.1155/are/9908304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/9908304","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) could serve as key pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune systems of invertebrates. In this study, a short PGRP, designated as ApPGRP, was identified and functionally characterized from the mollusk <i>Atrina pectinata</i> to investigate its roles in immunity. The ApPGRP gene was cloned and found to encode a protein of 314 amino acids. ApPGRP shares 55.6–76.1% sequence identity with other PGRPs and is phylogenetically most closely related to the PGRP from <i>Mimachlamys nobilis</i>. In healthy <i>A. pectinata</i>, ApPGRP mRNA was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues, with the highest level in hepatopancreas. Its expression was significantly up-regulated following bacterial challenge. Recombinant ApPGRP (rApPGRP) exhibited binding ability to peptidoglycan (PGN), chitin, glucan, and zymosan, but not LPS. In vitro, rApPGRP demonstrated potent agglutination capabilities against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>M. luteus</i>. rApPGRP demonstrated Zn²⁺-dependent amidase activity, enabling the catalytic cleavage of PGN. Additionally, rApPGRP displayed direct antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>V. anguillarum</i> and was capable of inhibiting <i>E. coli</i> biofilm formation in the presence of Zn²⁺. These findings suggest that ApPGRP contributes to the innate immune response of <i>A. pectinata</i> through pathogen recognition, agglutination, and bacterial clearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/9908304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Hermetia illucens Larvae Meal Enhances Growth Performance, Intestinal Health and Modulates Intestinal Microbiota of Juvenile Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Sahya Maulu,&nbsp;Benjamin Eynon,&nbsp;Glenn M. Harper,&nbsp;Owen Day,&nbsp;Leona Emenike,&nbsp;Mark Rawling,&nbsp;Daniel L. Merrifield","doi":"10.1155/are/3019418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3019418","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As global aquaculture expands, sustainable alternative feed ingredients are needed to reduce reliance on fishmeal (FM) and conventional plant proteins. Herein, this study evaluated defatted black soldier fly (BSF; <i>Hermetia illucens</i>) larvae meal as a replacement mainly for soybean meal (SBM) and soy protein concentrate (SPC) in juvenile mirror carp diets. Fish (initial weight: 7.28 ± 0.09 g) were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system and fed for 8 weeks on either a control diet or diets containing 20% (BSF20) or 40% (BSF40) BSF meal. After the trial, growth performance was significantly improved in BSF-fed groups, with higher final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and a better feed conversion ratio compared with the control. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts indicated predominantly linear responses in growth and feed utilisation parameters. Histological analysis showed significantly enhanced intestinal morphology in BSF-fed groups, including increased mucosal fold length (MFL), microvilli length (MVL) and intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) density. At the molecular level, <i>il10</i> and <i>slc6a18</i> expression were significantly upregulated in the anterior intestine (AI) and posterior intestine (PI), respectively, of BSF-fed fish. The PI microbiota profiling via 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding showed that BSF inclusion promoted several beneficial microbial shifts. While the dominant phyla were Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria and Firmicutes, fish fed the BSF40 diet exhibited a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and a reduced relative abundance of several potentially pathogenic phyla. The relative abundance of beneficial genera, including <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i>, increased significantly, whereas the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic genera such as <i>Mycobacterium</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> and <i>Enterobacter</i> were reduced by BSF meal. Overall, BSF meal represents a nutritionally viable and functional protein source that improves growth performance and intestinal health, and supports sustainable aquafeed development in juvenile mirror carp.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3019418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Replacing Fish Meal With Azolla microphylla on Growth and Hepatic Immune, Antioxidant, and Inflammatory Responses in Red Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Challenged With Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"Arnon Pudgerd,&nbsp;Laorrat Phuapittayalert,&nbsp;Panitnart Auputinan,&nbsp;Nantapong Sumket,&nbsp;Phanit Srisuttha,&nbsp;Phadungnaree Saenmuang,&nbsp;Dutrudi Panprommin,&nbsp;Paiboon Panase","doi":"10.1155/are/7724058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7724058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing bacterial disease in aquaculture demands sustainable approaches to strengthen fish immunity. <i>Azolla microphylla</i> is a nutrient-rich aquatic fern containing various bioactive compounds and has attracted interest as a functional feed ingredient with potential immunostimulatory properties. This study investigated the effects of four distinct levels of commercial fish meal (CFM) substitution with <i>A. microphylla</i> meal (AMM) that were implemented at 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%, respectively, on hepatic immune responses in red tilapia (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) following an experimental challenge with 10⁸ CFU/mL <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>. Fish were fed diets containing AMM at graded levels and evaluated under pre- and postchallenge conditions. Weight gain (WG) tended to decline as the inclusion level of AMM increased, whereas feed conversion ratio (FCR) exhibited the opposite trend to WG. The histopathology along with the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT] and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), proinflammatory cytokines (<i>IL-1β</i>, <i>IL-8</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, and <i>NF-κB</i>), adaptive immune markers (<i>CD4</i>, MHC class I <i>[MHC-I</i>], and MHC class II [<i>MHC-II</i>]), and innate/stress-related genes (<i>C-type lysozyme</i> and <i>heat shock protein 70</i> [<i>HSP70</i>]) were analyzed in liver tissue. Dietary AMM enhanced antioxidant capacity and moderately upregulated immune-related gene expression prior to bacterial challenge, particularly at higher inclusion levels. A pronounced modulation of immune responses was observed following <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection. Fish receiving moderate dietary inclusion levels of AMM exhibited significant upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (<i>CAT</i> and <i>GPx</i>) and antibacterial effectors (<i>C-type lysozyme</i>) and elevated <i>HSP70</i> expression, suggesting activation of cellular protective and stress-response mechanisms. In parallel, proinflammatory cytokines and <i>NF-κB</i> signaling were strongly induced in infected fish but were attenuated in <i>A. microphylla</i>-supplemented groups. Additionally, adaptive immune markers, including <i>CD4</i>, <i>MHC-I</i>, and <i>MHC-II</i>, were significantly enhanced, indicating improved antigen presentation and T cell-mediated immunity. Correspondingly, histopathology demonstrated that dietary AMM reduced liver inflammation. Overall, the results identify <i>A. microphylla</i> as a promising functional ingredient for enhancing disease resistance and immunological readiness in red tilapia, supporting sustainable aquaculture through strategic, moderate fish meal replacement that balances health benefits with acceptable growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7724058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritisation of Hazards Associated With Probiotics Used in Aquaculture by an e-Delphi Approach: Consideration of the Farmer, Consumer, Crop Species and Environment","authors":"Ibrahim Rashid,&nbsp;Andrew P. Desbois","doi":"10.1155/are/2127301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/2127301","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Probiotics are increasingly applied in aquaculture, yet these products can pose safety concerns, including the presence of contaminant microorganisms. A prioritisation of the potential hazards associated with these products would support appropriate risk assessment and help to guide the development of effective regulations and targeted enforcement. An e-Delphi approach was taken to capture expert opinions on the relative importance of potential hazards linked to the intrinsic properties of probiotic products and their application in aquaculture. In total, 17 potential hazards were identified by the panel of experienced researchers, and this curated list was prioritised by the 12 panellists according to their implications for the safety of four key receptors, specifically the farmer, consumer, cultured crop species and wider environment. After three rounds of iterative evaluation by the panel using a 0–100 scoring scheme, contamination with viable pathogenic microorganisms and horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence genes were perceived to be the three most important hazards, ranking in the top four hazards for each receptor. There was significant agreement in hazard rankings by the panellists and this increased throughout the exercise, as confirmed by increasing Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (<i>W</i>) values. This is the first study to prioritise the hazards associated with the intrinsic properties of probiotic products used in aquaculture. One limitation was panel composition, which may have constrained the diversity of perspectives and future exercises could consider a broader membership. Still, the findings provide evidence to support regulators in the development of interventions that address the most serious safety concerns, which will support the safe use of probiotics in aquaculture, helping to unlock their full potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/2127301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Microbial Diversity Associated With Freshwater-Cultured Acipenser sinensis","authors":"Bo Feng,&nbsp;Guangpeng Feng,&nbsp;Xuzhe Gu,&nbsp;Yueping Zheng,&nbsp;Jianan Xu","doi":"10.1155/are/3249170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3249170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial communities play a crucial role in nutrient metabolism, immune regulation, and overall health maintenance in aquatic animals. This study employed 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to investigate microbial composition, functional characteristics, and putative pathogenic potential in skin mucus, intestinal contents, and rearing water of freshwater-cultured Chinese sturgeon (<i>Acipenser sinensis</i>). Significant differences in microbial diversity and community structure were observed across sample types (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Aquaculture water harbored the richest but least balanced microbial community, while the intestinal microbiota exhibited greater compositional stability. Skin mucus was markedly enriched in <i>Acinetobacter</i> (58.72%), a genus that includes species with reported opportunistic potential. Functional predictions suggested higher predicted pathogen-associated phenotypes in water and mucus samples than in intestinal contents. These patterns indicate that rearing water and skin mucus are priority compartments for monitoring putative pathogen-associated signals, whereas the intestinal microbiota showed a comparatively more even host-associated profile. This study provides insights into microbial distribution patterns and health-related implications in <i>A. sinensis</i> aquaculture, offering a scientific foundation for microecological monitoring and disease prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3249170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic Efficacy and Physiological Response to MS-222, Eugenol, and Cymbopogon flexuosus Essential Oil in Juvenile Spotted Seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus)","authors":"Martín Arenas,&nbsp;Alejandra Rosales-Arce,&nbsp;Yemitzi Galan-Conde,&nbsp;Mariana Ghizell Sanchés-Fuentes,&nbsp;Alvaro Barreto,&nbsp;Adriana del Carmen Paredes-Medina,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Maldonado-Flores,&nbsp;Gabriela Gaxiola","doi":"10.1155/are/1376729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/1376729","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For aquaculture, animal welfare constitutes a fundamental dimension of sustainability because it directly influences health, productivity, resource efficiency, and the ethical standards of production systems. Spotted seatrout (<i>Cynoscion nebulosus</i>) is a marine fish recognized as an emerging candidate for aquaculture in the Gulf of Mexico and, like other developing species, is continually subjected to experimental research to support the advancement of its culture technologies. In this context, identifying effective anesthesia conditions is essential for minimizing stress during operational procedures and improving the consistency of experimental outcomes. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate anesthetic effectiveness in juvenile spotted seatrout using behavioral responses and blood biochemical stress indicators. The anesthetic effectiveness of MS-222, eugenol, and <i>Cymbopogon flexuosus</i> essential oil (CFEO) was evaluated in juvenile spotted seatrout (mean ± SD: 28.2 ± 3.5 g wet weight and 14.7 ± 0.7 cm total length). MS-222 at 200, 250, and 300 mg L⁻¹, eugenol at 25, 30, 35, and 40 mg L⁻¹, and CFEO at 100 and 125 µL⁻¹ induced deep anesthesia within 15 min, followed by complete recovery within 5 min. However, only MS-222 at 300 mg L⁻¹ and eugenol at 40 mg L⁻¹ achieved deep anesthesia within 3 min, 110.0 and 149.5 s, respectively. Despite this, MS-222 at 300 mg L⁻¹ produced the highest plasma lactate levels, whereas eugenol at 40 mg L⁻¹ elevated both plasma lactate and glucose relative to the control group. In contrast, eugenol at 35 mg L⁻¹ resulted in the lowest plasma lactate and glucose levels. These findings indicate that eugenol at 35 mg L⁻¹ represents a balanced anesthetic option for juvenile spotted seatrout. Moreover, rapid anesthetic induction does not necessarily imply reduced physiological stress in this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/1376729","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replacing Fish Oil With Modified High-DHA Canola Oil (Aquaterra) in Pacific White Shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) Diets: Effects on Growth Performance and Nutritional Composition","authors":"Vikas Kumar,&nbsp;Krishna Pada Singha,&nbsp;Ali Hamidoghli,&nbsp;Srinu Reddy,&nbsp;Zhuyun June Yao,&nbsp;Brian C. Small","doi":"10.1155/are/7279854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7279854","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fish oil (FO) is widely used in aquaculture feed due to its high levels of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. But increasing cost, limited supply, and sustainability concerns have led to the search for alternative omega-3 sources. Bioengineered (BE) oilseeds, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) canola (<i>Brassica napus</i>, OECD Unique Identifier: NS-B5ØØ27-4, branded Aquaterra), offer a scalable, land-based source of DHA and other long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. This study evaluated the efficacy of DHA canola oil (DCO, Aquaterra), as a replacement for FO in the diet of Pacific white shrimp (<i>Penaeus vannamei</i>). Five isonitrogenous, isolipidic, and isocaloric diets were formulated by replacing FO with graded levels of DCO (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Postlarval shrimp (initial weight 0.7–0.8 g) were stocked in a recirculating saltwater system (30 ppt) comprised of 40 aquaria (eight tanks for each diet), and shrimp were fed four times daily for 11 weeks. Results showed no significant differences in growth performance or survival across different dietary groups. Feed intake was reduced at 100% FO replacement, but feed conversion ratio (FCR) and energy retention improved. Whole-body protein and energy remained stable across all dietary groups, while lipid retention increased with DCO-fed groups. Whole-body amino acid and fatty acid compositions were influenced by DCO inclusion, with the 50% replacement group exhibiting comparable composition to that of the 100% FO group, especially in terms of the high content of total omega-3 fatty acids. For growth, DCO can replace up to 100% FO in shrimp diets; however, 75% DCO replacement is recommended when considering the whole-body fatty acid profile and <i>n</i>−3/<i>n</i>−6 ratio. Based on the present findings, 50%–75% FO replacement with DCO in shrimp diets can be considered optimal, supporting its use as a robust and viable lipid source for commercial shrimp aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7279854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics-Driven Pre-Growout Phenotyping Identifies Candidate Metabolic Signatures Associated With White Shrimp Performance","authors":"Chiu-Hui Kuo,&nbsp;Chen-Hsun Liu,&nbsp;Yang-De Chen,&nbsp;Feng-Cheng Wu,&nbsp;Kuohsun Chiu","doi":"10.1155/are/7396346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7396346","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Selective breeding has improved the performance of Pacific white shrimp (<i>Penaeus vannamei</i>), yet routine selection still relies mainly on late-stage phenotypes that are costly to measure and sensitive to fluctuating pond environments. Here, we tested whether early-life hepatopancreas metabolomes can capture line-associated physiological differences relevant to production. Postlarvae at day 40 (PL40) from four breeding lines (designated as TK1–TK4) were profiled using an UHPLC–HRMS-based untargeted metabolomics workflow in positive-ion mode. Metabolomic signatures were related to a matched 60-day grow-out evaluation, in which TK3 achieved the highest final weight (15.80 ± 1.20 g) and the lowest observed feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.50 ± 0.07), whereas survival varied substantially across lines (54.1%–89.5%), with TK3 and TK4 showing higher survival than TK1 and TK2. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed line-dependent clustering, and pairwise orthogonal partial least squares–discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models supported exploratory discrimination of TK3 from each comparator line. Differential metabolite and pathway analyses implicated coordinated variation in amino acid and nitrogen handling, nucleotide turnover, and lipid utilization, with recurring enrichment of histidine metabolism, lysine degradation, purine metabolism, and glutathione-related processes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-based prioritization further highlighted a subset of candidate metabolites for follow-up targeted validation. Given the limited metabolomics cohort size, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory discovery-stage signatures rather than validated biomarkers. By leveraging known grow-out divergence among breeding lines, this study adopted a performance-anchored retrospective design to nominate PL40 metabolic pathways and candidate metabolites that may support future pre-growout screening in shrimp improvement programs after independent validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2026 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7396346","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148324317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}